FI125172B - Impregnation system and its use - Google Patents
Impregnation system and its use Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI125172B FI125172B FI20135939A FI20135939A FI125172B FI 125172 B FI125172 B FI 125172B FI 20135939 A FI20135939 A FI 20135939A FI 20135939 A FI20135939 A FI 20135939A FI 125172 B FI125172 B FI 125172B
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- Prior art keywords
- weight
- acid
- pulp
- impregnation
- unsaturated carboxylic
- Prior art date
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- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 5
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 150000004973 alkali metal peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004076 pulp bleaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWFXBUNENSNBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyacrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=C)C(O)=O FEWFXBUNENSNBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dtpmp Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(=O)O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N edtmp Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 2
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001542 size-exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1CC(C(C)C)CC=C1C DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAEOEMDZDMCHJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-[2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O RAEOEMDZDMCHJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNKAHNMHCGFKQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis[2-(1,2-dicarboxyethoxy)ethyl]amino]ethoxy]butanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)OCCN(CCOC(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O)CCOC(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O YNKAHNMHCGFKQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEILKFZTLVMHRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phosphonooxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOP(O)(O)=O SEILKFZTLVMHRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 A/-bis[2-(1 Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHGZSTLDTVWDPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N NCCCl.C(C=C)(=O)O Chemical compound NCCCl.C(C=C)(=O)O BHGZSTLDTVWDPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IXRDJSJZFXKUQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.NCCCCCCN IXRDJSJZFXKUQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUSUZAGBORAKPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;n'-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.NCCNCCNCCN RUSUZAGBORAKPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003145 methacrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C=C ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
- D21B1/021—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means by chemical means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/22—Other features of pulping processes
- D21C3/222—Use of compounds accelerating the pulping processes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
IMPREGNATION SYSTEM AND ITS USE
The present invention relates to an impregnation system and its use according to the preambles of the enclosed independent claims.
TECHNICAL FIELD
Mechanical pulp may be produced by using different well-known processes. Mechanical pulping processes use electrical energy for separation of wood chips into single fibres and have normally a high fibre yield in the range 80 - 97 %. Depending on the production process the mechanical pulp is called ground wood (GW), refiner mechanical pulp (RMP), chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) or bleached chemithermomechanical pulp (BCTMP). Wood chips may be impregnated with alkaline/alkaline peroxide before or during refining, whereby the pulp is called as alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp (APMP). In general, mechanical pulp provides high bulk and good opacity.
The drawback in production of any mechanical pulp is the high energy consumption of the production process. Normally in mechanical pulp mills, large amounts of energy, mostly electricity, are consumed in the refining process carried out with a refiner. Pulp producers have been sometimes compelled to sacrifice some of the fibre yield in order to reduce the energy consumption. Also different chemicals, enzymes and fungi have been used in some applications to pre-treat the chips before refining in order to reduce the energy consumption in the refining process. However, the energy consumption is still one of the major concerns in production of mechanical pulp and there exists a constant need to find new effective ways to reduce the energy consumption of the mechanical pulping process.
It is an object of the present invention to reduce or even eliminate the above-mentioned problems appearing in prior art.
An object of the invention is to provide an impregnation system with which wood chips may be pre-treated before refining in order to reduce the energy needed in refining.
In order to realise the above-mentioned objects, among others, the invention is characterised by what is presented in the characterising parts of the enclosed independent claims.
Some preferred embodiments according to the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims presented further below.
Typical impregnation system according to the present invention for treating wood chips in mechanical production of pulp or alkaline peroxide mechanical production of pulp comprises - at least 5 weight-% of a non-ionic surfactant, which is a reaction product of a vegetable oil and sugar, based on the total weight of the system.
The system may optionally comprise an enhancer agent, which comprises at least a polymer formed from monomers comprising at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer or a derivative thereof.
Typical use according to the present invention is the use of an impregnation system comprising a non-ionic surfactant, which is a reaction product of a vegetable oil and sugar, for treating wood chips in mechanical production of pulp or alkaline peroxide mechanical production of pulp.
Typical method according to the present invention is the method for treating wood chips in mechanical production of pulp or alkaline peroxide mechanical production of pulp by addition of an impregnation system, which comprises at least 5 weight-% of a non-ionic surfactant, which is a reaction product of a vegetable oil and sugar, based on the total weight of the system.
Now it has been surprisingly found out that when an impregnation system comprising a non-ionic surfactant, which is product of a vegetable oil and sugar, and optionally an enhancer agent, which comprises at least a polymer formed from monomers comprising at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer or a derivative thereof is used for treating wood chips before refining, the final pulp freeness is unexpectedly increased. Increase in pulp freeness promotes reduced energy consumption of the refining stage.
According to one embodiment of the invention the non-ionic surfactant is a reaction product of C6 - C14 fatty alcohol derived from a vegetable oil and glucose, derived for example from starch or glucose syrup. Preferably the nonionic surfactant is C8 - C14 alkyl polyglycoside, sometimes C8 - C10 alkyl polyglycoside. The average degree of polymerisation, DP, may be in the range 1.4 - 1.6. Fatty alcohols may be derived from a vegetable oil, such as coconut, palm kernel, palm, rapeseed or tallow oil, by splitting or trans-esterification and turned into fatty alcohols by catalytic high pressure hydration. The non-ionic surfactant may be produced by direct synthesis from fatty alcohol and glucose in the presence of acid catalysts at elevated temperatures.
According to one embodiment of the invention the amount of non-ionic surfactant in the impregnation system is at least 10 weight-%, preferably at least 30 weight-%, more preferably at least 50 weight-%, based on the total weight of the system. According to another preferred embodiment the amount of non-ionic surfactant in the system is 10 - 99.9 weight-%, preferably 30 - 90 weight-%, more preferably 50 - 80 weight-%, based on the total weight of the system.
Preferably, the impregnation system comprises in addition to the non-ionic surfactant an enhancer agent, comprising at least a polymer formed from monomers comprising at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer or a derivative thereof. The derivative of unsaturated carboxylic acid may be an amide or ester.
According to one embodiment of the invention the enhancer agent is a copolymer of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and a C1 - C10 sulphonic acid or its alkyl ester; an anionic polyacrylamide; or any of their mixtures.
According to one embodiment of the invention the unsaturated carboxylic acid is acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid or any of their mixtures. This means that the enhancer agent comprises at least one polymer, which is formed by copolymerising monomers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid or any of their mixtures together with other monomers, such as acrylamide or sulphonic acid.
Based on the total weight of the system, the amount of enhancer agent in the system may be < 90 weight-%, preferably < 70 weight-%, more preferably < 50 weight-%. According to one embodiment, based on the total weight of the system, the amount of the enhancer is in the range of 0.1 - 90 weight-%, 10-70 weight-%, more preferably 20 - 50 weight-%.
It is possible to mix the non-ionic surfactant and the enhancer agent together to form a composition or a mixture, which is added to the wood chips. Alternatively the non-ionic surfactant and the enhancer agent may be added to the wood chips simultaneously, but as separate feed streams. This means that a first feed stream comprising the non-ionic surfactant is added to the wood chips at the same time as a second feed stream comprising the enhancer agent. The feed streams may be mixed prior or after they are added to the wood chips. According to one preferable embodiment of the invention the impregnation system is a single liquid composition comprising both the non-ionic surfactant and the enhancer agent.
The enhancer agent may be a copolymer of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and a C1 - C10, preferably C2 - C8, sulphonic acid or its alkyl ester. According to one preferred embodiment of the invention the enhancer agent is a copolymer of an unsaturated carboxylic acid, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid or itaconic acid, and 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid. The weight average molecular weight of the copolymer may be in the range of 500 - 20 000 000 g/mol, preferably 1000 - 1 000 000 g/mol, more preferably 2000 - 500 000 g/mol, even more preferably 3000 - 250 000 g/mol.
According to another embodiment of the invention the enhancer agent is anionic polyacrylamide. According to one embodiment anionic polyacrylamide may be formed by copolymerising acrylamide together with unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers. Also other anionic monomers, such as vinylsulphonic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, vinyl phosphonic acid or ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate, may be included. It is also possible that non charged monomers may be included, as long as the net charge of the formed polymer is anionic and the polymer has an acrylamide/methacrylamide backbone. Anionic polyacrylamide may have an average molecular weight (MW) in the range of 2000 - 20 000 g/mol, more preferably 3000 - 15 000 g/mol, still more preferably 4000 - 8000 g/mol. In this application the value “average molecular weight” is used to describe the magnitude of the polymer chain length. Average molecular weight values are calculated from intrinsic viscosity results measured in a known manner in 1N NaCI at 25 Ό by using an Ubbelohde capillary viscometer. The capillary selected is appropriate, and in the measurements of this application an Ubbelohde capillary viscometer with constant K=0.005228 was used. The average molecular weight is then calculated from intrinsic viscosity result in a known manner using Mark-Houwink equation [η]=Κ·Μ3, where [η] is intrinsic viscosity, M molecular weight (g/mol), and K and a are parameters given in Polymer Handbook, Fourth Edition, Volume 2, Editors: J. Brandrup, E.H. Immergut and E.A. Grulke, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA, 1999, p. VII/11 for poly(acrylamide-co-N,N,N-trimethyl aminoethyl chloride acrylate), 70 % acrylamide. Accordingly, value of parameter K is 0.0105 ml/g and value of parameter a is 0.3. The average molecular weight range given for the parameters in used conditions is 450 000 - 2 700 000 g/mol, but the same parameters are used to describe the magnitude of molecular weight also outside this range. For polymers having a low average molecular weight, typically around 1 000 000 g/l or less, the average molecular weight may be measured by using HPLC size exclusion chromatography, using PEO for calibration. HPLC size exclusion chromatography is used especially if no meaningful results can be obtained by using intrinsic viscosity measurement.
The system may further comprise a chelating agent, which is selected from a group consisting of polyaminopolycarboxylic acids; polyaminopolymethylene-phosphonic acids; hexamethylenediamine tetra(acetic acid); tetramethylene-diamine tetra(methylenephosphonic acid); 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP); A/-bis- and tris-[(1,2-dicarboxy-ethoxy)ethyl]amines, such as A/-bis[2-(1,2-dicarboxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-amine; A/-bis[2-(1,2-dicarboxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-aspartic acid; A/-tris[2-(1,2-dicarboxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-amine, and Λ/-[2-(1,2-dicarboxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-(N-2-hydroxyethyl)aspartic acid. The chelating agent may be added directly to the impregnation system or it may be included to the enhancer. In the latter case the enhancer is a mixture of a chelating agent and a polymer. Preferred polyaminopolycarboxylic acids are diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), triethylenetetraamine hexaacetic acid (TTHA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), hydroxyethylethylenediamine triacetic acid (HEDTA) and ethylenediamine-A/,A/-disuccinic acid (EDDS). Preferred polyaminopolymethylene-phosphonic acids are diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic acid) (DTPMPA), triethylenetetraaminehexa(methylenephosphonic acid) (TTHMPA) and ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) EDTMPA. Even if the chelating agents are here given as acids, they are normally available as alkali salts, mainly as the sodium salts and the chelating agents here are understood to include both the free acids and their salts.
Preferably the system comprises a chelating agent when the enhancer is a copolymer of 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid and an unsaturated carboxylic acid, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid or itaconic acid.
According to one embodiment of the invention the system further comprises a polymeric substance selected from a group comprising poly-alpha-hydroxyacrylic acid (PHAA) or its alkaline salt and a polylactone of poly-alpha-hydroxyacrylic acid (PHAA). The polymeric substance may have a molecular weight of at least 5000, preferably at least 10000, and more preferably at least 15000. As the polylactone is insoluble in water the molecular weights have been measured for the corresponding sodium salt obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of the polylactone.
According one embodiment the impregnation system may further comprise, in addition to the above described enhancer agent, a polycarboxylic acid polymer, which is a homopolymer of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or a copolymer of (meth)acrylic acid and another unsaturated carboxylic or dicarboxylic acid. The polycarboxylic acid polymer may be prepared by homopolymerisation of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or by copolymerization of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid with an unsaturated carboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid, such as maleic or itaconic acid. According to one embodiment of the invention the polycarboxylic acid polymer is a copolymer of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid with maleic acid, wherein the molar ratio of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid to maleic acid is from 80:20 to 20:80, preferably from 70:30 to 50:50. The polycarboxylic acid polymer may have a molecular weight of at least 4000 g/mol, preferably at least 10000 g/mol, more preferably at least 30000 g/mol.
According to one embodiment of the invention the impregnation system may comprise additive agents, such as preservatives or pH regulating agents. For example, glutaraldehyde may be added to the system in order to inhibit microbial activity during storage.
The impregnation agent may be used to pre-treat wood chips, which are used for making alkali peroxide mechanical pulp (APMP) or bleached chemithermomechanical pulp (BCTMP). The impregnation system may be added 1 - 6 kg/ton produced pulp. The wood chips may be hardwood chips, softwood chips or a mixture of hardwood and softwood chips.
The impregnation system is preferably added before the refining stage. More preferably the impregnation agent is added to the first impregnations stage, but it may also be added to the first and the second, and any successive, impregnation stage if needed. The impregnation system may be mixed with the alkaline or added separately into the mixing tray. According to one preferred embodiment the interaction time between the wood chips and the impregnation system is 30 - 50 minutes, and the impregnation temperature 70 - 80 °C.
The present invention further relates to a method for treating wood chips in mechanical production of pulp or alkaline peroxide mechanical production of pulp by addition of an impregnation system, which comprises at least 5 weight-% of a non-ionic surfactant, which is a reaction product of a vegetable oil and sugar, based on the total weight of the system.
In an embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the system further comprises an enhancer agent, comprising at least a polymer formed from monomers comprising at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer or a derivative thereof.
In an embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the non-ionic surfactant and the enhancer agent are added to the wood chips as a mixture or simultaneously as separate feed streams.
EXPERIMENTAL
Some embodiments of the invention are disclosed more closely in the following non-limiting examples.
Following chemicals are used in Examples 1 and 2:
Non-ionic surfactant: Alkyl polyglucoside APG from BASF Enhancer agent: FennoBrite 590 from Kemira Chelating agent: diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid EXAMPLE 1
Example 1 is a laboratory study, which is carried out to study the effect of impregnation system on final brightness and freeness (Canadian standard freeness, CSF).
Preparation of Pulp
Pulp is obtained from a pilot trial, where wood chips are washed with hot water, temperature 60 - 70 Ό, after which the chips are steamed for 10 minutes. After steaming the chips are pressed at a compression ratio of 1:4 with MSD Impressafiner (Andritz AG, Austria) and impregnated with alkali and peroxide for 20 minutes of retention at 75 ‘C. The impregnated chips are refined at the atmospheric pressure in high consistency. Impregnation conditions are shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Chemicals dosage and conditions used in the laboratory study.
Pulp Bleaching & Treatment
The reaction is carried out for 40 min under 20% pulp consistency at 85QC. Each experiment is carried out based on 20 g of dry pulp, which is pre-heated in a microwave oven under high power for 1 min. The chemicals are mixed in sequence and quickly added into the pulp, so that they are sufficiently mixed with the pulp in a 1 L beaker. The mixture is then put into a water bath for bleaching. Used chemicals and conditions are listed in Table 2.
Table 2. Used chemicals in pulp bleaching and treatment.
Residual Peroxide (H2O2), Freeness & Brightness Measurements
After pulp bleaching 10 g of dry pulp is diluted to 10 % consistency with 90Ό distilled water before pressing out the filtrate. The pH of the filtrate is determined and the residual hydrogen peroxide is determined by thiosulfate titration.
The filtered pulp is diluted with 2000 ml of hot deionized water, temperature 90 Ό. The pulp suspension is distinguished with standard defibrizer at 75000 rpm. Freeness is then determined according to TAPPI standard T227.
The rest of the bleached and treated pulp, ~10 g oven dry, is diluted to 1000 ml with tap water and pH adjusted to value in the range of 4.7 - 5.2 by using 20 % H2S04 solution. The pulp is filtrated with a Buchner funnel and each sample is calculated as 2 g dry pulp. The obtained cake is pressed to become flat and air dried until next day, after which the optical properties, i.e. ISO brightness, is measured according to ISO 2469.
Results
Results for the measurements are given in Table 3.
Table 3. Measured results for residual peroxide, brightness and freeness.
From Table 3 it can be seen that the impregnation system does not have negative impact on brightness. On the other hand, there is clear increasing trend in the freeness results. This indicates that the impregnation system according to the invention improves the freeness, which may reduce the energy consumption during refining step. EXAMPLE 2
Example 2 is a pilot trial study, which is carried out to study the effect of different impregnation systems on pulp properties, such as freeness.
Raw materials, preparation and pre-treatment
Wood chips of poplar are obtained on-site in a pulp mill. Chips are screened in order to remove bark and other impurities, washed manually by using hot water, dewatered and pre-steamed at 105 T) for 10 minutes.
Impregnation of Chips
Pre-treated chips are pressed with MSD Impressafiner (Andritz AG, Austria) with a compression ratio of 1:4. After that the impregnation is performed as two-step procedure. Both impregnation steps are performed at temperature 80 *C, duration 30 minutes and 30 % pulp consistency. The chemicals used in the impregnation steps are shown in table 4.
Table 4. Chemicals used in impregnation steps of chips.
High consistency refining
After impregnation chips are homogenized for moisture measurement and refined at atmospheric pressure in high pulp consistency of 25 % - 35 % for diverse freeness grades. Refiner energy consumption is recorded at the same time.
Bleaching and pulp properties measurement
After the refining step, the pulp is bleached in a plastic bucket, temperature 90 -95Ό, 40 min, consistency 25 - 30 %. Bleaching chemical charges are: H202 55 kg/ton pulp, NaOH 24 kg/ton pulp, chelating agent (DTPA) 2 kg/ton pulp (as commercial product). NaOH is used as 10% solution; DTPA is diluted to 1:10 with deionized water. Mixing of the bleaching chemicals into pulp is done simultaneously but separately. After mixing the pulp is transferred into plastic bag which is sealed and placed in a heated water bath.
After bleaching, the pulp is diluted with hot water to 4 - 5 % consistency for latency removal and pH is adjusted by acidification to 4.7 - 5.2. Final pulp is obtained by centrifuging the washed pulp and hand-sheets are made.
Canadian standard freeness of the pulp is measured according to TAPPI standard TAPPI T227. The physical and optical properties of the formed hand-sheets are measured according to TAPPI standard T220, ISO 2469 (Brightness), TAPPI standard T425.
Results
Results of Example 2 are given in Table 5.
Table 5. Results of Example 2.
From Table 5 it can be seen that there is a clear decline of the refiner energy consumption when the impregnation system is used. The energy consumption decreases when the amount of non-ionic surfactant in the impregnation system is increasing. For example energy savings of 8.8 % may be obtained at 300 ml Canadian freeness (comparison between the reference and Sample B). It is concluded that the impregnation agent enhances the fibrillation and improves the absorption and penetration of chemicals, especially when used in the 1st impregnation step.
Further, the strength properties of the final paper, especially tensile, tear and burst strength properties may also be improved when using impregnation agent according to the present invention.
It is apparent to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited exclusively to the embodiments and examples described above, but that the invention can vary within the scope of the claims presented below.
Claims (11)
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| US10681914B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2020-06-16 | Neozyme International, Inc. | Non-toxic plant agent compositions and methods and uses thereof |
| US10334856B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2019-07-02 | Neozyme International, Inc. | Non-toxic pest control compositions and methods and uses thereof |
| US10557234B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2020-02-11 | Neozyme International, Inc. | Papermaking additive compositions and methods and uses thereof |
| WO2017035101A1 (en) * | 2015-08-22 | 2017-03-02 | Neozyme International, Inc. | Non-toxic plant agent compositions and methods and uses thereof |
| CN105332307A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2016-02-17 | 句容市兴武包装有限公司 | Cooking agent for papermaking and preparation method thereof |
| BR112022021701A2 (en) | 2020-04-26 | 2023-03-07 | Neozyme Int Inc | NON-TOXIC FIRE EXTINGUISHING COMPOSITIONS, DEVICES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF |
| EP4142522A4 (en) | 2020-04-26 | 2024-04-24 | Neozyme Inernational, Inc. | Dry powdered compositions and methods and uses thereof |
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| US5728265A (en) * | 1995-06-12 | 1998-03-17 | Henkel Corporation | Process for enhancing white liquor penetration into wood chips by contacting the chips with a mixture of the white liquor and a polymethylalkyl siloxane |
| EP1077282A1 (en) * | 1999-08-16 | 2001-02-21 | Dow Corning Corporation | Improved chemical pulping process |
| AU2005238104A1 (en) * | 2004-05-03 | 2005-11-10 | Centre Technique De L'industrie Des Papiers, Cartons Et Celluloses | Method for mechanical pulp production |
| FI119375B (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-10-31 | Kemira Oyj | New composition and process for treating fiber material |
| JP5374887B2 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2013-12-25 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Pulp cleaning agent and pulp manufacturing method |
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