FI124431B - Shaker, scoop and shaking procedure - Google Patents

Description

Vibrator, bucket and method for vibration

Background of the Invention

The invention relates to a vibrating device which can be used to form the vibrating motion required for screening.

The invention further relates to a bucket for a working machine, the bottom of which comprises rods spaced apart and a vibrating device for filling the bucket. Such a bucket enables the material to be processed to be sorted according to its grain size.

Still another object of the invention is a method of vibration, whereby a vibratory motion is formed and passed to a screening section for processing and sorting of material.

The field of the invention is described in more detail in the preambles of the independent claims of the application.

Soils can be handled by earth moving machines. The earth-moving 15 can be equipped with a screening bucket so that the soil can be sorted during processing. The screen bucket has a plurality of rods spaced apart, leaving gaps of desired size between them, through which smaller material is allowed to fall from the bucket and material having a larger particle size remains in the bucket. Attempts have been made to enhance sorting by installing a bucket vibrator device 20 with a bucket filled. However, shortcomings have been identified in the efficiency and operation of existing fillers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a novel and improved vibrating device, a bucket and a method for vibrating.

The vibrator device according to the invention is characterized in that the resonator ™ surface is a cylindrical surface; and that the counter surface is pivotally disposed with respect to a pivot axis which is parallel to, but spaced from, the pivot axis of the rotation device.

g The bucket according to the invention is characterized in that the bucket is

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30 provided with a filling device according to the first independent claim of the application.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that a filling device is used, the vibrating member of which comprises an outer surface having surfaces at different distances perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotating device; fitting at least one mating surface against the outer surface of the vibrating member; utilizing a cylindrical counter surface which is allowed to pivot relative to the pivot axis; moving the mating surface by means of the outer surface of the vibrating member, whereby a vibratory movement is formed in the mating surface; and transmitting the vibration movement from the mating surface to the screen portion.

The idea of the disclosed solution is that the vibration movement is formed by means of 5 rotating vibrating members and a separate mating surface in contact therewith. The outer surface of the vibrating member comprises surfaces at different distances from the axis of rotation directed towards the contact surface of the vibrating device. The contour of the outer surface of the vibrating member is rotated at various great distances from the axis of rotation. When such a vibrator member is rotated about a rotary axis 10, the rotating outer surface of the vibrator member causes movement on the abutment surface disposed against it. This vibration movement is transmitted from the mating surface to the screen surface, screen screen or the like formed in the screening device.

One of the advantages of the disclosed solution is that the vibrator is more effective than the most commonly used eccentric weight rotary vibrator. The screening speed of the screening device can be improved by the vibrator device shown. In addition, an efficient vibrating device can assist in the screening of difficult-to-sort materials. Compared to typical eccentric vibrators, the performance of the vibrator device according to the disclosed solution is significantly affected by the mass of the screen material having a smaller screen portion and the resulting loading. Namely, the vibratory movement is formed by physical contact between the vibrating member and the counter surface, whereby the vibratory movement is forced. When the power of the rotating device is sized sufficiently, vibration movement is assured.

In addition, the vibrator device according to the solution is quite simple in construction and function, but still allows for a wide variety of vibratory motion. When the structure is simple, it is durable, reliable and inexpensive to manufacture.

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The idea of one embodiment is that the outer surface of the vibrator member has a circular shape. However, the round outer surface of the vibrator member is

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° 30 eccentric to the axis of rotation. In this case, the outer surface of the vibrating member is gold kee rotates at different great distances and causes motion on the mating surface. Dimensions of the diameter of the outer surface of the vibrator member and the magnitude of the non-centrality of the outer surface can influence the intensity of the vibratory motion to be achieved. One advantage of the round vibratory member is its ease of manufacture. It should be noted that, compared to a conventional eccentric vibrator, the mass of the eccentric rotatable vibrator member in this solution is relatively small and the mass is not dimensioned to provide vibration movement. The vibration movement is formed by physical contact between the eccentricly moving outer periphery of the vibrator member and the counter surface disposed against it. On the contrary, it is thus advantageous in this solution if the mass of the vibrator member and the eccentricity of the mass are as small as possible, which facilitates e.g. rotating and bearing the vibrator member.

The idea of one embodiment is that the shape of the outer surface of the vibrating member differs from the rotationally symmetrical shape. Thus, the outer surface of the vibrating member is not circular, but it can be, for example, an angular surface or a surface having different curvature. Such a vibrating member may be disposed on the axis of rotation from its center. Alternatively, it may be disposed eccentrically on the axis of rotation, whereby the vibration movement may be influenced by both the shape of the outer surface of the vibrator member and by eccentric rotation.

The idea of one embodiment is that the outer surface of the vibrating member 15 is of an oval or elliptical shape. Such an oval surface may be disposed eccentrically or centrally to the target axis.

The idea of one embodiment is that the outer surface of the vibrating member comprises a plurality of cams extending in the radial direction of the axis of rotation. The beaks form a wavy shaped surface with ridges formed by the beams and valleys between the beaks. The shape, projection and number of beams and the speed of rotation of the vibrator member can influence the vibration movement properties.

The idea of one embodiment is that the outer surface of the vibrating member comprises three cam, thereby having a triangular shape. The tips of the beaks may be rounded.

The idea of one embodiment is that the outer surface of the vibrator member comprises four beaks and has a square shape. The tips of the beaks may be rounded.

The idea of one embodiment is that the exterior surface of the vibrator member comprises three, four, five, six or even more | shoot beaks. In this case, the vibrating member has a star shape. The tips of the beaks may be rounded.

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The idea of one embodiment is that the vibrator member

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The surface comprises a plurality of beaks, each having two lateral surfaces of different shapes and a point between them which may be rounded. For example, the flanks of the beaks may be curved or bevelled, and the opposite sides of the flanks may have different curvature or bevel. Hereby, by changing the direction of rotation of the vibrator device, it is possible to influence the type of vibration movement which is obtained in each case.

The idea of one embodiment is that the vibrator device comprises two or more vibrator members, each of which can be individually rotatable or non-rotatable by means of a switch or other selector. In this case, the vibrator element suitable for the particular situation can be selected and the necessary vibration movement can be created thereby, while the alternative vibrator elements are deactivated.

The idea of one embodiment is that the vibrator member is a replaceable component that can be easily and quickly replaced when it is desired to provide various vibration movements and vibration effects with the vibrator device. This application also facilitates the maintenance of the device. The vibrating member may be attached to the axis of rotation by means of, for example, quick-locking means, bolting or fastening pin.

The idea of one embodiment is that the counter surface is a cylindrical-15 blade surface. The counter surface may be a roller which is pivotally or rotatably mounted with respect to its pivot axis. The pivot axis of the cylindrical counter surface is parallel to, but spaced from, the pivot axis of the rotating device. When the mating surface has a curved outer surface, and further when it is pivotally or pivotally mounted, it is more resistant to wear due to physical contact.

The idea of one embodiment is that the mating surface and the outer surface or periphery of the vibrating member may be surface hardened, coated with a wear-resistant material, or made of a wear-resistant material.

The idea of one embodiment is that the mating surface is adapted to follow the outer surface of the vibrating member during rotation and to be in contact with the molding surface. The mating surface thus conforms to the outer surface of the vibrating member

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^ motion constantly.

The idea of one embodiment is that the outer surface of the vibrator member is adapted to impact as it rotates against the mating surface and to provide an impact | pulses to the contact surface. Steep corners or angles may be formed on the outer surface of the vibrating member, whereby the mating surface cannot continuously follow the outer surface of the vibrating member. In addition, the rotational speed can be set so as to 'deliberately obtain the outer surface and the counter surface of the vibrating member from contact with the earth. When the contact thus returns again between the surfaces, an impact pulse is formed on the contact surface which is transmitted to the screen portion 5 or the like. Impulse pulses can be used to enhance screening when needed and can be used, for example, in special situations when the screen is clogged or when handling difficult materials.

The idea of one embodiment is that the vibrator device comprises two or more vibrator members mounted on the same pivot axis and rotated by the same pivot device. The vibrator members then have a common drive. The vibrating members arranged on the same axis of rotation may be identical or, if necessary, different from each other. Further, if the vibrating members are similar to each other, they can be coupled to the rotation shaft 10 in the same manner, i.e. to the same position, so that they each provide a similar and simultaneous vibratory movement. Thus, the vibrating members can be in line with the axis of rotation. Alternatively, similar vibrator members can be attached to the rotation axis in different ways, for example in different positions, whereby the vibration movements provided by the vibrator members are different from one another. The vibrating members used by the same axis of rotation may be rotated relative to each other at a desired angle about the axis of rotation, for example 45 ° or 90 °.

The idea of one embodiment is that the vibrator device comprises a pressure medium driven rotary device adapted to rotate the rotary axis and one or more vibrator members thereon. The rotation device may be a hydraulic motor whose speed can be infinitely controlled by the hydraulic fluid supplied to the rotation device. The advantage of a hydraulic motor is that it is efficient in size, durable and inexpensive. In addition, pressurized media are generally readily available on machine tools and booms, so that the supply of operating energy to the pressurized fluidized vibrator is simple to arrange.

5 The idea of an embodiment is that the screen surface

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^ vibrate motion with a single vibrator. The vibrator device is one of the devices described in this application.

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30 The idea of an embodiment is that the screen surface causes: the vibration movement is performed by means of several vibrating devices. There may be two, three, four or even more vibrating devices. The vibrator device is one of the devices described in this application.

o Vibration movements formed by vibrator devices can be directed in the same direction,

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Alternatively, the vibrating devices may be adapted to cause the screen surface to move in several different directions.

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The idea of one embodiment is that the vibrating device is arranged in a bucket of an excavator, wheel loader or similar work machine. The vibrating device can be attached to the back plate of the bucket body. The bucket may be a screen bucket comprising a screen portion having a plurality of bars side by side.

The idea of one embodiment is that the vibrating device is arranged in a screening bucket having a plurality of rods and gaps between them in the screen portion. Further, the counter surface of the vibrator device is arranged on a pivot arm adapted to transmit the vibration movement to one or more rods, whereby the rod to be vibrated moves relative to the bucket. A portion of the free end 10 of the pivoting arm may be provided with a pivotally disposed mating surface.

The idea of one embodiment is that the screen portion of the bucket has a vibrating portion in which a vibrating motion is applied from the vibrating device to every other bar of the portion to be filled. In this case, the infill section has alternately a vibrating rod and a non-infilling rod.

The idea of one embodiment is that the screen portion of the bucket has a vibrating portion having a plurality of adjacent rods, all of which are filled using one or more fillers.

The idea of one embodiment is that the screen portion has a vibrating portion in which adjacent rods are filled relative to one another in the same manner. Fillable rods can be transmitted in full motion from one common vibrator device.

The idea of one embodiment is that the screen portion has a vibrating portion in which adjacent rods are filled differently with respect to one another. Hereby, each of the second bars may be filled with different intensities, at different strokes, at different frequencies, or the direction of vibration movement may be different. Adjacent differently filled rods can further improve bucket sorting capacity. In addition, the required vibration effect can be achieved with less vibration

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^ with intensity. Further, this solution allows the vibration transmitter to fit less into the implement.

The idea of one embodiment is that the filling device | providing a full motion for the flat screen and especially for its screen mesh. There may be one or more vibrating devices, and they may move the screen in a vertical or horizontal direction, or both vertically and horizontally.

The idea of one embodiment is that the filling device can be utilized to fill any sieve, sieve part, sieve screen or sorting surface in the desired direction.

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The above embodiments and the features disclosed in connection therewith may be combined to provide the desired combination of features and features.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 5 Embodiments are explained in more detail in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a schematic and side elevational view of a working machine with a boom equipped with a screen bucket, Figure 2 is a schematic top view of a bucket, 10 Fig. 4 is a schematic and side elevational view of a transmission means for transferring vibration from a vibrator to the bars of a sieve member, and Figs. 5 to 9 schematically showing a view of a rotary axis from a vibrating device; and FIG. 10 schematically shows a vibrator device having two vibrator members rotated about 45 ° to each other on its axis of rotation.

In the figures, some embodiments are simplified for clarity. Similar parts are denoted by the same reference numerals in the figures.

Detailed Description of Some Embodiments

Fig. 1 shows a working machine 1 with a boom 2 provided with a screening bucket 3. The working machine 1 may be an excavator shown in the figure or it may also be a wheel loader or similar earth moving machine or other bucket driving advice. The screen containing bucket 3 can be used to move and process soil containing particles of a different size. For example, a screen bucket 3 can be used to separate larger stones 5, tree roots and other unnecessary mac material from soil 4 or sand. The screen bucket 3 has a screen portion 6 having a plurality of parallel bars 7. A mold 4 having a smaller particle size or the like material

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Instead, the o-stones 5 or other material having a larger particle size remain in the sieve 3 mc2 and can be removed through the orifice of the bucket after the smaller particle size material has been sorted out. Sorting can be made more efficient by vibrating V rods 7 on screening bucket 3. Vibrating rods 7 on the boom 2, cab 8, and other structures of the working machine 1 causes substantially less vibration than in solutions where the entire bucket is vibrated. In this case, the screen bucket 3 is more comfortable to use and less stress is placed on the structures. Furthermore, since the weight to be vibrated is smaller in the rods 7 than in the bucket as a whole, sufficient vibration can be achieved with a lower vibration power 5, whereby the vibrating means may be smaller in size and cheaper. Fig. 1 further shows that the bucket 3 has coupling means 9 for attaching the bucket 3 to the boom 2 or other attachment point of the work machine 1.

Fig. 2 shows a screening bucket 3 from the side. The bucket 3 handles the bottom 10, the side plates 11 or the side walls, and the rear plate 12 or the rear wall. Further, the bucket 3 has an orifice 13, from which the material to be treated is introduced into the cup-shaped bucket 3, and from which the overhang of the disc, i.e. the material having a larger particle size, is removed at the end of the treatment. The base 3 of the bucket may be provided with a lip plate 14 at a portion of the edge of the mouth 13. Typically, the bucket 3 15 is formed of sheet material utilizing sheet metal working and welding techniques.

The bucket 3 is provided with a screen portion 6 which may be on the bottom 10. The entire bottom 10 may be formed as a screen, whereby the rods 7 form the bottom of the bucket. Alternatively, a portion of the bottom 10 is a screen portion 6 and a portion of, for example, a solid sheet structure. The screening member 6 has one or more vibrating portions 15 having one or more rods 7 which are subjected to a vibrating movement V from the vibrating device 16.

The vibrator device 16 comprises a vibrator member 17 which is rotated by the rotation device 18 relative to the axis of rotation 19. The vibrating member 17, the rotating device 18, and the rotating shaft 19 may be secured to the back plate 12 of the bucket 3 by means of a bracket or 25, respectively. The vibrating device 16 further comprises a mating surface 20, which may be a roll-shaped body supported on a pivot arm or transponder, but a transmission member 21 for transmitting the vibrating motion V to the inflatable rods 7.

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The vibrating member 21 may be, for example, a rigid rod coupled to the selected rods 7. The vibration movement V may be formed, for example, by rotating the vibrating member 17 eccentrically to fit the outer surface of the vibrating member 17. the mating surface 20 moves. Alternatively, the outer surface of the vibrating member 17 may be o comprising angles, cams, curved surfaces or otherwise be rotationally symmetrical.

Figure 2 further shows that the rods 7 may be arranged through the openings 22, 23 in the tabs 11 on the side panels 35. In this case, the side plates 11 support the tan legs 7. The axial movement of the rods 7 can be prevented by the retaining means 24 9. Figure 3 illustrates broken plates 24 acting as retaining means 24. With the infill portion 15, the openings 22 of the side plates 11 may be dimensioned larger than the rods 7 so as not to obstruct the vibration movement V of the rods 7. Further, the openings 22 may be shaped taking into account the vibration movement V. When the bars 5 are of circular cross-section, the openings 22 may have an elongated shape, for example oval. The non-vibrating rods in the sieve member 6 can be connected to the side plates 11 by an opening 23 in the cross-section of the rods. The sieve slots S of the sieve member 6 can be adjusted by removing or adding rods from the bucket 3. Figure 3 below illustrates this adjustment with arrows K.

Fig. 3 shows a batch of another vibrating device 16. Two actuating members 17a and 17b may be provided for actuating the same rotation device 18 and the same rotation axis 19, against which mating surfaces 20a and 20b are fitted. Hereby, two vibratory movements V1 and V2 can be formed with the same rotary assembly, which are transmitted to the rods of the inflatable portion 15 of the bucket by two transmission means 21a and 21b. It should be noted that the first vibrating motion V1 and the second vibrating motion V2 may be synchronized or simultaneously. Synchronization may be accomplished by positioning the filling members 17a, 17b on the axis of rotation 19 in the same line or in a different line.

The first vibrating member 17a may be coupled to fill the filler 15 with a second portion marked with a, and the second vibrating member 17b may be adapted to fill every second rod b. In this case, the inflatable portion 15 may be adjacent to the rods a and b one way or the other. This allows the rods a, b to be filled at different rates, at different intensities and at different frequencies.

Figure 4 illustrates a transmission member 21a, which may be a bar-shaped body having a shape similar to that of the bottom of a bucket. The transmission member 21a may

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thus, for example, be a curved rod such as that shown in the figure, which may be formed by cutting the sheet material. The gearing member 21a ° 30 shown in Fig. 4 may be arranged in the arrangement of Fig. 3 by a first filling member | 17a. In this case, said gearing member 21a transmits a full motion V1 o only to the rods a. Gearing member 21a has at least an infill portion 15.

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alternately, first openings 25 and second openings 26, only a portion of which are indicated by reference numerals in the figure. The first openings 25 are dimensioned and shaped according to the bars so that the filler movement V1 is transmitted from the transmission member 21a to the tanks a. Instead, the second openings 26 are dimensioned and shaped so that the filler space does not pass from the openings 10 to the bars b. The openings 25, 26 in the transmission member 21b connected to 17b are in the reverse order such that the second vibration movement V2 is transmitted only to the rods b.

Next, Figs. 5-10 show the structure and operation of some vibrator devices in a highly simplified manner for clarity.

Figures 5 and 6 show a vibrating device 16 having a circular outer surface of the vibrating member 17. This circular vibrator member 17 is coupled eccentrically to the axis of rotation 19, its outer surface being at different distances R from the axis of rotation 19, as illustrated by the figure 10. Tärytinelintä 17 is rotated as indicated by the arrow P, whereby the un-centric outer surface to cause vibration movement V of the mating surface 20 which is in contact with the outer surface 17 tärytinelimen. The counter surface 20 may be a roller, a rotary bar, or other body having a cylindrical outer surface pivotally mounted on the pivot axis 27. The movement received by the counter surface 20 may be transmitted by means of a conveying element 21 to a screen portion 28 which may be part of a flat screen, screen bucket or any screening device. Comparison of Figures 5 and 6 shows a vibration movement V caused by an eccentrically mounted vibrating member 17.

The solution shown in Fig. 7 differs from Figs. 5 and 6 in that the vibrator member 17 is in the form of an ellipse. Also, such a piece has surfaces at different distance 20 from the axis of rotation 19 which cause movement to the counter surface 20 when the vibrator member 17 is rotated P.

Fig. 8 follows the principles set forth above, but differs from the embodiment of the preceding Figs. 5-7 in that the vibrator member 17 is a triangular body having three cam 29. The triangular kappa-25 of course has surfaces at different distances R.

Fig. 9 shows a vibrating member 17 having four cam 29 and an outer surface having a different distance R from the axis of rotation 19

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^ existing surfaces.

Fig. 10 shows a vibrating device 16 in which two vibrating members 17a, 17b are arranged at the same angle with rotation axis 30, at an angle of 45 | in comparison to each other. The number of vibrating members 17, the mutual angular position and the o shape can be selected according to the vibration need. Two or more vibrating members ^17 may act on the same mating surface 20, or alternatively each of them may ”affect its own mating surface 20.

It should be noted that, unlike Figs. 5 to 10, the counter surface 20 may be provided directly on the screen portion 28, whereby a separate gearing member 21, 11 is not required or at least the gearing member need not be a bar-shaped body as shown in the figures. Further, in all the above embodiments, a counter surface 20 which is not pivotally mounted can be utilized. Further, the outer surface of the mating surface 20 may then be other than a cylindrical pin-5.

In some cases, the features set forth in this application may be used as such, despite other features. On the other hand, the features disclosed in this application may be combined, if necessary, to form different combinations.

The drawings and the description related thereto are only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention. The details of the invention may vary within the scope of the claims.

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Claims (11)

A vibrating device comprising: a rotating device (18); and at least one vibrating member (17) adapted to rotate the rotating device 5 (18); and wherein the rotation (P) of the vibrating member (17) about the rotation axis (19) of the rotating device (18) is arranged to cause vibration; the vibrating member (17) has an outer surface transverse to said axis of rotation (19); The outer surface of the vibrating member (17) comprises surfaces at different vertical angles (R) from the axis of rotation (19); the vibrating device (16) comprising at least one mating surface (20) which is separate from the outer surface of the vibrating member (17) and is accessible to the outer surface of the vibrating member (17); and 15, the outer surface of the rotating (P) vibrating member (17) moves the contacting surface (20) thereon and causes the vibrating movement (V). characterized in that the counter surface (20) is a cylindrical surface; and that the counter surface (20) is pivotally arranged relative to the pivot axis (27), which is parallel to, but spaced from, the pivot axis (19) of the rotation device (18). Vibrating device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the outer surface of the vibrating member (17) is circular in shape; and 25 that the outer surface of the vibrating member (17) is eccentrically arranged with respect to the axis of rotation (19), δ C \ J Vibrating device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the outer surface of the vibrating member (17) differs from the shape of a rotation axis of 30 meters. CC CL Vibrator device according to claim 3, characterized in that δ that the outer surface of the vibrator member (17) is of an oval or elliptical shape. CO δ c \ j Vibrating device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the outer surface of the vibrating member (17) comprises a plurality of cams (29) projecting radially from the axis of rotation (19) and forming a corrugated shape with ridges formed by the cams (29) and valleys between the cams. 5 Vibrator device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the counter surface (20) is arranged to follow the outer surface of the vibrator member (17) during rotation (P) and to be in contact with its shaped surface. 10 Vibrator device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer surface of the vibrator member (17) is adapted to strike (P) on the contact surface (20) and to produce impact pulses on the contact surface (20). 15 Vibrator device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vibrator device (16) comprises at least two vibrator members (17a, 17b) arranged on the same rotary axis (19) and rotatable by the same rotary device (18). A bucket comprising: a base (10); side panels (11) at opposite edges of the base (10); 25 rear plates (12); coupling means (9) for attaching the bucket (3) to the working machine 5 (1); At least one screen portion (6) comprising a plurality of rods (7) spaced apart such that the sieve slits (S) and the rods (7) form a sieve between adjacent rods (7); and | at least one vibrating device (16) for directing the vibration to the Hana (3); characterized in that the vibrating device (16) is in accordance with claim 1. ° 35 Bucket according to Claim 9, characterized in that the contact surface (20) of the vibrating device (16) is arranged in a conveying member (20) arranged to convey the vibration movement (V) to at least one bar (7) of the screening part (6). the bar (7) moves relative to the bucket (3). 5 A method of vibrating, comprising: forming a vibrating motion (V) by means of a vibrating device (16) comprising a rotating device (18) and at least one vibrating member (17); rotating (P) with the rotation device (18) the vibrator member (17) about the rotation axis (19) of the rotation device 10 to provide a vibration movement (V); and transmitting the formed vibratory motion (V) to at least one screen portion (28) for processing the material; characterized in that a vibrator device (16) is used, the vibrator member (17) having an outer pin 15 having surfaces at different distances (R) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (19) of the rotation device (18); fitting at least one mating surface (20) against the outer surface of the vibrating member (17); using a cylindrical counter surface (20) which is allowed to pivot with respect to the pivot axis (27); moving the mating surface (20) by the outer surface of the vibrating member (17), whereby a vibratory movement (V) is formed on the mating surface (20); and transmitting the vibration motion (V) from the mating surface (20) to the screen portion. 't δ {M 4 cp CO o X cc CL o o δ CO δ c \ j