FI123486B - Valve - Google Patents

Description

VALVE

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a valve, and in particular to a solution whereby the force required to move the valve closing member can be kept to a minimum.

Description of the Related Art

It is known in the prior art a valve in which a closing member arranged in a valve flow passage can be moved to close and open the flow connection between the first opening and the second opening of the flow channel. To seal the valve, a sealing ring is provided in the gap between the valve closure member and the body. In practice, said sealing ring and closure member are pressed against each other during use, thereby providing the necessary sealing.

A disadvantage of the above-mentioned known solution is the force required to move the closure member. In practice, compression of the closure member and the sealing ring against one another results in a considerable amount of force required to move the shaft extending from the genitalia. Due to the great force required, e.g. the actuator moving the closure member through the shaft must be dimensioned to be large enough to be able to move the closure member in all situations.

Relatively expensive materials may need to be used in the mating surfaces to be tight from one to another, even when separated under high force. Further, the use of a high operating force actuator is problematic with respect to the operating speed, which remains low as a result of the high operating torque required, and also because too high operating speed may damage the mating surfaces under high power.

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Summary of the Invention

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It is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive, tight and simple valve, whereby the force required to move the closing member may be o) kept reasonable. This object is achieved by a valve according to the appended independent patent no.

In order to ensure the tightness of the valve, a sealing ring is used in the valve, which seals the gap between the body and the closing member. There is a space between the sealing ring and the 2 body which is exposed to fluid pressure by increasing the force by which the sealing ring is pressed against the closing member. The first end of the exhaust duct opens into said space through which the pressure in the space can be reduced. Thus, the force by which the sealing ring is pressed against the closing member 5 may be reduced due to the reduction in pressure in the space. Thus, before the movement of the closing member, it is possible to reduce the force with which the closing member and the sealing ring are sometimes pressed against. Thus, the sealing ring no longer makes it difficult to move the genitalia.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 illustrates a first embodiment of a valve, Figure 2 illustrates a second embodiment of a valve, and Figure 3 illustrates a third embodiment of a valve.

Description of at least one embodiment

Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of valve 1. The valve includes a housing 18 having a first orifice 2 and a second orifice 3 and a flow duct 17 connecting them to allow fluid flow from the first orifice 2 to the second orifice 3.

The flow channel is provided with a shut-off member 4, which is exemplarily assumed to be spherical (ball valve), although it is conceivable that the invention will also be applied, for example, to a butterfly valve, wherein the shut-off member is plate-like. In the situation of Fig. 1, valve 1 is illustrated in a closing situation in which the closing member 4 is rotated through a shaft 5 attached thereto to a position where the opening 6 extending through the closing member 4 is transversely in the flow channel. Thus, the fluid cannot flow through the blocking member from the first orifice 2 to the second orifice 3. The closure member 4 and the shaft 5 do not necessarily need to be g separate parts joined to each other, but may be

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30 comprising a closing member 4 and an axis 5.

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In the situation of Figure 1, the fluid entering the channel 17 through the first orifice 2 exerts a pressure P1 towards the closure member 4. The pressure P2 on the side of the second orifice 3 is significantly lower than on the side of the first orifice 2. The pressure P1 also acts on the sealing ring 7, which is pressed against the closing member 35 to seal the gap between the closing member 4 and the valve body 18.

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The sealing ring 7 may be made of metal, for example, and the surface 8 in contact with its closing member 4 may be of a softer material. Alternatively, the surface 8 may also be metal. Particularly in connection with the metal sealing ring 7, sealing O-rings 10 are used between the sealing ring 7 and the valve body 18.

A space 9 is provided between the sealing ring 7 and the body 18, which is exerted by the fluid pressure P1 to increase the force by which the sealing ring 7 is pressed against the closure member 4. In the example of Fig. 1, the sealing ring 7 and valve 1 body 18 delimit is located behind the sealing ring 7. Said space 9 allows the axial movement A of the sealing ring 7 to move away from the closing member 4. In the examples shown in the figures, a flexible member 11 is provided which presses the sealing ring 7 in the axial direction A towards the closing member. The space 9 is connected to the flow channel 17 via the channel 16. Thus, fluid can flow from the first opening 2 of the en-15 into space 9, and the pressure P1 of the fluid in the space presses against the sealing member against the sealing ring.

The first end 13 of the outlet conduit 12 opens into the space 9. Through this outlet conduit 12, the pressure P1 present in the space 9 can be lowered by passing fluid through the second end 14 of the outlet conduit 12 to a lower pressure P2, thereby reducing the force exerting on the sealing member 4. In the example of Figure 1, to accomplish this, the other end 14 of the outlet duct 12 opens into the flow duct on the opposite side of the closure member 4, where a pressure P2 lower than P1 exists. An outlet valve 12 is provided with a shut-off valve 15 which is retained when there is no need to reduce the force of the seal 25, i.e. the force by which the seal ring is pressed against the closing member 4. Although Figure 1 illustrates by way of example that the outlet duct is a duct (pipe) extending beyond the body 18 of the valve 1,

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In practice, it can also be implemented as an internal duct for the frame.

° When the movement of the closure member becomes timely, the shut-off valve 15 is first opened so that fluid can flow through the outlet channel 12 | from space 9 past the closing member 4 through the second end 14 of the outlet conduit further towards the second opening 3. The flow is generated by the pressure difference between the first opening 2 and the second opening 3g, i.e. the pressure P2 at the second opening 3 is? pressure P1. In this case, more fluid is also allowed to flow through the channel 35 into the space 9 and further through the outlet channel 12 further towards the second orifice 3. However, the cross-sectional area of the outlet channel 12 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the channel 16. Thus, duct 16 forms a throttle point, whereby pressure P1 in space 9 decreases. Due to the lower pressure, the force at which the sealing ring 7 is pressed towards the genital 4 is reduced. As the pressure drop increases, the sealing ring 7 may move up to 5 in axial direction A away from the genital member 4. At this point, the genital member 4 is moved through an axis 5 attached thereto. The force required to move is considerably lower compared to the force that would be required if the shut-off valve 15 had not been opened to reduce the pressure in the space 9. The movement of the sealing ring may be very small, in practice the germ member 10 4 and the sealing ring 7 may be in constant contact with each other, but before the gearing member 9 is moved, the sealing force is reduced. The direction of movement of the sealing ring may also be different from the axial as exemplified above, i.e. the possible direction of movement may also be, for example, radial, depending on the valve structure implemented in practice.

The valve of Fig. 1 preferably utilizes actuators 19 which automatically open the shut-off valve 15 before moving the genital member 4 through the shaft 5, and upon completion of the genital movement, re-actuate the shut-off valve 15. The actuator using the shaft 5 is not illustrated.

20 It is clear from the above description that the term "space" refers, for example, to a cavity, slot, or the like, whose geometric shape and size are irrelevant. This space allows the sealing force to be increased by the pressure of the fluid entering the space from the flow passage, as well as the reduction of the sealing force to remove fluid from the space, thereby reducing the force at which the seal is pressed against the genitalia.

In the embodiment of Fig. 1, it is conceivable that a similar double-acting sealing arrangement is also provided on the other side of the genital 4. Then, on the other side of the genitalia, a sealing ring, space and channels similar to those shown in Fig. 1 on the right side of the genitalia are provided.

Figure 2 shows another embodiment of valve 21. The direct | The embodiment of FIG. 1 is very similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1, so that the embodiment of FIG. 2 will be described below primarily by highlighting the differences between these embodiments.

In the embodiment of Figure 2, the valve 21 includes, in addition to the sealing ring 7, a second sealing ring 27 and a second space 29 between the housing 18 and the second sealing ring 27. In the example of the figure, the second space 29 is arranged behind the second sealing ring 27 as viewed from the genital 4. Similarly, as the first end 13 of the outlet duct 12 opens into the space 9, the first end 13 of the second outlet duct 22 opens into the second space 29.

In the embodiment of Figure 2, the valve 21 is bidirectional. It 5 includes a bypass passageway 25 for the genital 4 which allows fluid to flow between the first port 2 and the second port 3 of the valve. The by-pass channel 25 has a shut-off valve 15, which, depending on its position, is prevented or prevented from flowing through the by-pass channel.

A choke 26 is provided in the bypass passage 25, at which the other end 14 of the exhaust passage 12 opens. The throttle point 26 acts like an ejector, whereby the fluid flowing at the throttle point 26 of the bypass passage 25 generates a lower pressure P2 than the pressure P1 at the throttle point 26, thereby opening fluid from the space 9 when opening the shut-off valve 5 Correspondingly, a second throttle point 28 is provided in the bypass passage 25 where the second end 14 of the second outlet passage 22 opens. Thus, in a situation where the fluid flow in the flow passage 17 is from the direction of the second orifice 3 to the first orifice 2 and the shut-off valve 15 is opened, the fluid flowing at via fluid which reduces the pressure in the second space 29 (not shown in the figure). Although Figure 2 shows by way of example that the outlet ducts 12 and 22 and the bypass duct 25 are channels (pipes) extending beyond the body 18 of the valve 21, one or all of them may in practice also be implemented as internal ducts of the body 18.

Accordingly, as in the embodiment of Figure 1, the force required to move the closure 5 can thus be reduced by first opening the closure.

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valve 15, whereby the pressure in state 9 decreases, or respectively the pressure in other state 29 decreases. Thus, the sealing ring 7 or the second sealing ring 27, respectively, is compressed with a lower force towards the closing member 4, | or alternatively even move away from the occlusion member.

Fig. 2 shows, by way of example, that there are two seal rings, holes, outlet channels and throttle points. However, this is not necessary. If the flow direction through valve 21 is always the same, and thus the fluid pressure is always applied to the closure member in the same direction, the use of a single sealing ring is sufficient, as in the embodiment of Figure 1. Accordingly, one space 6 between the closure member and the body, one outlet duct and one throttle point in the bypass pipe is sufficient.

Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of valve 31. The embodiment of Fig. 3 corresponds very closely to the embodiment of Fig. 2, therefore, the embodiment of Fig. 5 to 3 will be described below primarily by highlighting the differences between these embodiments.

In the embodiment of Figure 3, a sealing ring 7 is provided only on one side of the closing member 4. In the example 9 of FIG. 3, the sealing force of the sealing ring 7, which refers to the force by which the sealing ring 7 is pressed towards the closing member 4, can be reduced. In the following, it is assumed by way of example that, when the sealing force is reduced, the sealing ring 7 and the second sealing ring 37 are displaced axially away from the genitalia, although such a transition is not always necessary.

As in other embodiments, the sealing ring 7 is formed with a portion closest to the closure member 4, the radial projection of which is greater than the radial projection of an end distal to the gland member of the sealing ring. Thus, the second sealing ring 37 is displaceable axially along a cylindrical surface distal to the gasket member 4 distal to the gasket member 4 of the gasket 20. In this embodiment, the resilient member 11 presses the sealing ring 7 towards the genital 4 via the second sealing ring 37.

As in the embodiment of Fig. 2, a bypass 25 is provided on the valve 31 with a shut-off valve 15 and two throttle points which, when the valve 31 is closed, the shut-off valve 15 is opened in the by-pass channel 25.

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The fluid flowing 5 produces a pressure P2 below the pressure P1. shunt tube

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The flowing fluid thus generates suction in the outlet channels 12 and 22. However, unlike the embodiment of Figure 2, both outlet channels 12 and 22 are arranged 30 so that their first end opens into the same space 9. In practice | the first ends of the discharge channels 12 and 22 are arranged to open on opposite sides of the second sealing ring 37 when the sealing ring 7 and the second sealing ring 37 are located in the position shown in Fig. 3, i.e. as close as possible to The discharge channels 12 and 22 and the fluid flowing through the bypass pipe at the throttle points 26 and 28 cause the force at which the sealing ring 7 is compressed towards the closing member 4 to be reduced. When the pressure drop is large enough, both sealing rings can move away from the genital 4.

In the embodiment of FIG. In this case, similar sealing rings, space, throttle points and outlet channels are also provided on the other side of the genitalia as shown on the left side of the genitalia in Figure 3.

Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment of valve 41. The embodiment of Fig. 4 is very similar to the embodiment of Fig. 2, therefore, the embodiment of Fig. 10 4 will be described below primarily by highlighting the differences between these embodiments.

In the embodiment of Figure 4, the design of the flexible member 51 is different from the previous embodiments. This may be, for example, a flexible member 51 made of a suitable rubber material having a metal pin 52 disposed in its central portion 15 which prevents excessive compression of the flexible member 51.

Unlike the previous embodiments, the outlet conduit 12 is arranged such that its other end 14 opens into a clamping position 46 provided on the shut-off valve 45. Thus, when the shut-off valve 45 is open, Through 12, fluid 9 leaves the space, lowering the pressure in the space, as described in the previous embodiments.

It is to be understood that the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings are only intended to illustrate the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention may be modified and modified

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5 in other respects without departing from the scope of the invention.

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Claims (4)

1. Venttiili (1, 41), joka käsittää: rungon (18), jossa on ensimmäinen aukko (2), toinen aukko (3) sekä ensimmäistä ja toista aukkoa (2, 3) yhdistävä virtauskanava (17) fluidivirta-5 adult mahdollistamiseksi ensimmäisen ja toisen aukon (2, 3) velillä, virtauskanavaan (17) järjestetyn sulkuelimen (4), joka on shaft (5) velityksellä liikutettavissa virtauskanavassa (17) ensimmäisen aukon ja toisen aukon (2, 3) velisen virtausyhteyden sulkemisiksi, yes 10 ainakin yhden tiivisterenkaan (7) rungon ja sulkuelimen (4) velisen raon tiivistämiseksi young tiivisterenkaan (7) ja rungon (18) veliin on järjestetty tila (9), johon fluidin paine (P1) pääsee vaikuttaman kasvattaen 7 ) puristu fasten sulkuelintä (4), jolloin mainittuun tilaan (9) avautuu poistokanavan (12) ensimmäinen pää (13), young poistokanavan (12) 15 kutta tilassa (9) vallitseva paine (P1) on alennettavissa johtamalla fluidia poistokavan oisen pään (14) kautta mainittua fluidin painetta (P1) alempaan paineeseen (P2) jolloin voima, jolla tiivisterengas (7) puristu vasten sulkuelintä (4), pienenee, tunnettu siitä, että mainitun poistokanavan (12) toinen pää (14) -20 kanavaan (17) mainittua fluidin painetta (P1) alempaan paineeseen (P2), one poistokanavassa (12) and then the same token (13, 14. velissä sulkuventtiili (15) poistokanavan sulkemiseksi, one fluidin paine (P1) pääee) tilaan (9) kanavan (16) kautta, ja 25 että poistokanavan (12) poikkipinta-ala on suurempi kuin mainitun co kanavan (16) poikkipinta-ala. ^ 2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen venttiili (1), tunnettu siitä, g etä mainittuun tilaan (9) on järjestetty joustava elin (11, 51), joka puristaa tii- lA visterengasta (7) kohti sulkuelintä (4). x 30 3. Jonkin patent tivaatimuksen 1 - 2 mucainen venttiili, tunnettu * siitä, one mainittu venttiili (1) on palloventtiili tai lipäventtiili. ^ 4. Jonkin patent tivaatimuksen 1 - 3 mucainen venttiili, tunnettu CO co siitä O) ^ m. «, O että venttiili (1) käsittää toimilaitteet (19) mainitun sulkuelimen (4) liuttkuttamiseksi akselin velityksellä sekä mainitun sulkuventtiilin avaamiseksi ja vastaavasti sulkemiseksi, yes, and mainit toimilaitteet on configuroitu avaamaan mainitun sulkuventtiilin (15) and mainitun sulkuelimen (4) liikuttamista akselin (5) velityksellä, sekä sulkemaan sulkuventtiilin (15) velityksellä on päättynyt. 5 CO δ c \ j i CO o m X cc CL C \ l CO CD O) O O CM A valve (1, 41) comprising: a body (18) having a first aperture (2), a second aperture (3) and a flow channel (17) joining the first and second apertures (2, 5 3) to allow a fluid flow between the first and second apertures (2, 3), a blocking means (4) arranged in the flow channel (17), which locking means with an axis (5) can be moved in the flow channel (17) to close the flow channel (17). -spective open flow connection between the first opening and the second opening (2, 3), and at least one sealing ring (7) for sealing a gap between the body and the locking member (4), a space (9) being provided between the sealing ring (7) and the body (18) in which space a fluid pressure (P1) can act by increasing a force by which the sealing ring (7) is pressed against the locking member (4), a first end (13) ) of a sewer (12) opens in said space (9), through which sewer (12) a pressure (P1) in the space (9) can be lowered by passing fluid through the second end (14) of the drain channel (12) to a pressure (P2) lower than said fluid pressure (P1), the force pressing the sealing ring (7) against the locking member (4). decreases, characterized in that the second end (14) of said drain channel (12) opens in the flow channel (17) at a lower pressure (P2) than the fluid pressure (P1), that in the drain channel (12) there is between its first and second ends. (13, 14) a shut-off valve (15) for closing the drain duct, that the fluid pressure (P1) can act in the space (9) via a duct (16), and that the average surface area of the drain duct (12) is larger than said channel 2. (16) average area. O A valve (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a flexible member (11, 51) is provided in said space (9) which presses the sealing ring (7) against the locking member (4). 1 30 Valve according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that said valve (1) is a ball valve or a flap valve. C \ J Valve according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in CD g that the valve (1) comprises operating devices (19) for moving said locking means (4) by means of the shaft and for opening and closing respectively the shut-off valve. (15), and said operating means are configured to open said locking valve (15) before said locking member (4) is moved by means of the shaft (5), and closing the locking valve (15) where the moving of the locking member (4) is by means of the shaft (4). 5) has ceased. CO δ c \ j i CO o m X cc CL C \ l CO CD O) O O CM