FI12288U1 - Outdoor candle - Google Patents

Abstract

An outdoor fire comprising a combustible material (12) comprising an organic fat (14) arranged in a non-combustible container (11), characterized in that the combustible material (12) further comprises combustible peat (13). In addition, protection requirements 2-6.

Description

OUTDOOR FIRE

The invention relates to an external flame, which comprises a combustible material, which contains organic fat, arranged in a non-combustible vessel.

There are commercially available commercially manufactured candle-shaped exterior fires, which include a heart placed in a non-combustible vessel having solid hydrocarbons, such as paraffin or stearin, cast at room temperature between the heart and the edges of the vessel.

Paraffin is a by-product of oil refining, ie it is made from non-renewable resources and thus does not represent sustainable development. Stearin, in turn, is based on either vegetable or animal oil and is thus essentially renewable. However, the aforementioned starting materials must be processed at least to some extent before they are suitable for use as a flammable substance in outdoor fires. In addition, the stearin remaining after the end of the external fire must be disposed of as mixed waste.

The hearts of known external fires, for example, are braided braids or otherwise require industrial production in their manufacture. One notable drawback to known outdoor fires is, for example, their unexpected possibility of a pool fire that can cause overheating. In addition, known outdoor fires also have the problem that they may be extinguished by strong winds and thus not very flammable.

Also known in the field of outdoor fires are various outdoor fires. On rooftops, the fire is similar to a pool fire, that is, burning in the area of the main pan or similar area defining the external fire. It is well known to burn wood, for example, in a metal frame. One such example is shown in the Finnish utility model registration number 5017. However, problems with outer smells include smoke formation, unpleasant odor and occasionally intense sparking. In addition, their burn time is relatively short. It is an object of the present invention to provide an external fire having improved fire performance. Characteristic features of the external fire according to the invention are set forth in the accompanying protective claim 1.

The combustible material of the external fire includes organic fat and peat. The peat burns glowing, so it improves the fire safety of the outdoor fire even in windy and rainy weather, for example. In the event of heavy rain or gusts of wind, it may be temporarily extinguished, but due to the glow-in effect of peat, it immediately re-ignites when, for example, the gust subsides. In addition, other significant advantages of the combustible material consisting of hot combustible peat and organic fat are also smoke-free and non-sparking combustion and also a more pleasant smell compared to known external fires. The peat also remains well-compacted throughout its combustion and does not substantially decompose into organic fat.

According to one embodiment, the organic fat contained in the flammable substance of the external fire may be substantially non-fluid or even fluid or a mixture thereof at room temperature. According to one embodiment, the fat may be, for example, vegetable and / or animal fat. The fat may be an oilseed fat, for example vegetable oil from rapeseed or rapeseed. In this case, the fat is substantially or even completely fluid, for example at room temperature. On the other hand, fat can also be recycled fat. In this case, it may advantageously be oxidized in its primary use and thus be substantially non-fluid in its main source. As an example of such a fat may be mentioned the frying fat used.

In addition to fireproofing, the combination of organic fat and peat peat results in, among other things, an outdoor fire that does not mess (soot) and does not cause an unpleasant odor. In addition, it illuminates very brightly and illuminates the environment well. With the invention, most of the combustible material contained in the container is also incinerated, thereby minimizing the amount of waste to be disposed of and making it fully recyclable. Other features specific to the invention will be apparent from the appended claims and further advantages are listed in the specification.

In the following, the invention, which is not limited to the following embodiments, will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a simplified plan view showing an example of an external fire and its ignition portion obliquely from above, and

Figure 2 shows a plan view of an external fire in cross section.

Figure 1 illustrates, in principle, an example of an external fire 10 which may be classified in a group of articles for candles. The external fire 10, also often referred to as outdoor smoke, is intended, for example, for its physical and / or flame size and / or material to be burnt in outdoor spaces. In its basic parts, the outer flame 10 comprises a non-combustible vessel 11 and a combustible material 12 arranged in the vessel 11. The non-flammable vessel 11 may be made of, for example, a metal. For example, the container 11 may have a carrying handle for carrying it, whereby the container 11 will form a bucket 21. The buckle 21 may also include an openable closure cover 22, for example for storing, selling and transporting an external fire 10. The cover 22 may also be used to extinguish the external fire 10. The combustible material 12 is intended to be incinerated in the vessel 11 in a controlled manner such that combustion occurs substantially along, on, or on the surface of the combustible material 12. Hereby, the surface of the combustible material 12 will sink slightly in the vertical direction H of the container 11 as the fire proceeds.

The combustible material 12 comprises peat peat 13 and organic fat 14, arranged in a container 11 for burning. The peat 13 together with the organic fat 14 is then adapted to form a major part of the combustible material 12 of the external fire 10. It can thus be said to comprise peat peat 13 and organic fat 14. According to one embodiment, organic fat 14 may be substantially non-fat at room temperature. In other words, it is solid or at least solid at room temperature. In this case, it cannot escape from the container 11 if, for example, the container 11 is tilted without a fire going on.

The organic fat 14 may be, for example, an animal and / or vegetable fat-containing substance in its main component. Small amounts of non-fatty substances may be allowed in fat 14, for example depending on where the fat 14 originates. One characteristic of the organic fat 14 may be that it may be composted and composted, at least to some extent, at least to some extent in admixture with other organic matter. The organic fat 14, even as such, is useful for use in outdoor fire 10 and does not necessarily require special processing operations, such as the preparation of stearin for outdoor fire use.

Fats 14 suitable for use as external combustion material 10 as combustible material 12 may be generated, for example, in the food industry and kitchens. An example of how fat 14 is generated can be fat / immersion food. The organic fat 14 may then be, for example, vegetable fat, such as used rapeseed, rapeseed and / or coconut fat. In frying, the frying fat is oxidized. Hereby, its composition changes such that the fat even before running the fat solidifies when the fat 14 cools to room temperature, e.g. below 40 ° C. The outside fire 10 is fitted with a fat 14 which is unsuitable or unsuitable for its primary intended use, for example cooking, and which must be recycled or disposed of. Thus, it is also possible to speak of recycled or waste fat.

According to another embodiment, the organic fat 14 may also be a fat flowing at room temperature. An example of this is rapeseed oil and / or rapeseed oil. More generally, oilseeds can be referred to, for example, as a fat-containing substance obtained directly by compression or as a refined product (such as accept or rejection fraction). Oilseeds can be cultivated as arable crops. For example, in the case of fat 14 in fluid form at room temperature, the lid 22 of the container 11 is sealed. Thus, the combustible material 12 remains in the container 11, for example during its transport. Even if the fat is in fluid form at room temperature, it can still be solidified in cold conditions, i.e. non-fluid.

The peat peat 13, in turn, is in the form of fires 10 in the fire. Due to its size, the peat peat 13 may be derived from preferably dried and screened peat produced directly from peat production. Hereby, the particle size of the peat peat 13 of the outer fire 10 may be, for example, 10 to 120 mm, more particularly 30 to 100 mm, or an average of 40 to 80 mm for the length of the peat peat 13. The outer fire 10 may have peat pieces of different size. The pieces of peat peat 13, in turn, may have a diameter of, for example, 10 to 80 mm, more particularly 30 to 70 mm. If the peat peat 13 is produced, for example, with a 68 mm tube size, then the peat peat 13 formed therein may be subjected to a further small size reduction operation before being used in an outdoor fire 10.

The moisture content of the peat peat 13, in turn, is adapted to be from 20 to 40%, more particularly from 25 to 35%, such as about 30%. In the case of moisture content of peat peat 13, the value range may be lower, 20%, 25%, 30% or 35% and the upper limit 25%, 30%, 35% or 40%. The moisture content of the peat peat 13 can be any value range between the above mentioned lower and upper limit combination. However, moisture has been found to be less than 30% in pilot tests conducted. Such moisture in the peat peat 13 provides good combustion. In addition, when burnt, the peat peat 13 gives off a mild and thus pleasant scent. The dried peat peat 13 is hard and remains well assembled even during a fire.

Of the combustible material 12, the peat peat 13 is adapted to be, for example, 25 to 60% by weight. The organic fat 14, in turn, is adapted to be 40 to 75% by weight of the combustible material 12. More particularly, the combustible material 12 is adapted to be 25 to 55% by weight. The organic fat 14, in turn, is adapted to be 45 to 75% by weight of the combustible material 12. As a point example, in a 10 liter container, the peat may be about 3 kg and the fat about 5 kg. More generally, for example, in a 10 liter container 11, the amount of peat peat 13 may be in the range of 4.4 to 5.4 kg. Correspondingly, the amount of fat 14 may then be in the range of 4.5 to 5.0 kg. The respective weight percentages for both substances are then 45-55%, and more generally 40-60%.

The peat peat 13 may be spread throughout the vessel 11 over its cross-sectional area and / or in the vessel 11 substantially at the height of the entire combustible material 12. According to one embodiment, the proportion of the peat peat 13 in the cross-sectional area of the vessel 11 is adapted to be from 10 to 90%, more particularly from 50 to 90%. Thus, the cross-sectional area of the container 11 may contain more piece of peat 13 than the fat 14. The fat 14 is then between the pieces of peat and between the edge and pieces of the container 11. Extensively spread across the cross-sectional area of the vessel 11, the peat 13 makes the fire fluffy and occur throughout the region of the vessel 11. In this case, the fire in the container 11 takes place over a large area, for example compared to a candle.

The external fire product 10, comprising a combustible material 12 contained in a non-combustible vessel 11, comprising organic fat 14 and peat peat 13, may be manufactured, for example, as follows. The container 11 can be filled alternately with a burn peat bundle 13 and alternately with melted or fluidized fat 14. A layer of peat peat 13 is first placed on the bottom of the container 11, after which molten fat 14 is poured over it. partially or even completely obscure them. The fat 14 may then be allowed to solidify slightly.

After the fat 14 has solidified, or even immediately after the formation of the first "layer" of combustible material 12, a second layer of peat peat 13 is placed in the vessel 11. And repeated above for fat 14. This is continued until the receptacle 11 is filled as desired. Of course, it is also possible to make an external fire 10 by placing all of the associated peat 13 in the container 11, after which all molten fat 14 is poured into the container 11. The fat 14 again fills the empty spaces 18 of the container 11 The pieces of peat may then rest on each other and on the inside edges of the container 11, leaving the space 11 for the grease 14 due to their irregular shape. Thus, the organic fat 14 may be molded into the container 11.

According to another embodiment, the combustible material 12 is arranged in the container 11 so that the container 11 is first filled with the bulk peat 13. For example, the peat pieces may be poured into the container 11 to effect a random filling. Thereby they are randomly positioned relative to one another and there are empty spaces 18 for the fat 14 between them. Next, the voids 18 remaining in the container 11 are filled with organic fat 14. The upper peat bumps remain partially or even slightly above the surface. Thus, the production of the outer fire 10 is also simple and quick, since the pieces of peat may be completely randomly positioned in the container 11 without the need to position the container 11 in a particular order or arrangement relative to the edge and / or grease 14 of the container 11.

Fig. 2 shows a plan view of an external fire 10 in cross-section. In Figure 1, the outer fire 10 is shown in principle as a downwardly tapered bucket for its container 11, but Figure 2 shows an improved version of the container 11. The container 11 can have a volume of, for example, 1 to 30 liters, more particularly 1.5 to 10 liters, such as 3, 5 or 10 liters. The vessel 11 is now in its vertical direction H of constant diameter or cylindrical or slightly tapered, i.e., tapered downwards. The mean diameter W ratio of vessel 11 to height H is adapted to be, for example, between 3: 2 and 2: 1. In this case, the container 11 is shallow and has a flat cross-sectional area. This ensures a good supply of oxygen to the fire even as the fire progresses as the surface of the combustible material 12 in the vessel 11 falls. This ensures good combustion and, moreover, the fire does not fade, but it is done in a steady calm, yet still pool-flame, while the flame remains illuminated all the time.

According to one embodiment, containers similar to those used for paints may be used as container 11, for example. For example, in the case of a 10 liter receptacle 11, the receptacle 11 may have a cross section W of about 30 cm at its top and about 28 cm at its bottom. The height H of the container 11 can then be, for example, about 20 cm. Thus, the ratio of diameter W to height H is about 3: 2.

A particular advantage of the peat peat 13 in the external fire 10 occurs when the external fire 10 is burned in windy or rainy conditions. Strong winds or rain can extinguish the external fire 10 momentarily, but due to the peat peat 13 it immediately re-ignites. This is because the peat peat 13 burns extremely well from the inside and its heat is capable of igniting the fire again. When the flame of the outer fire 10 burns, it burns in connection with the burnt peat fires and also with the grease 14 in the main main cross-section of the container 11. Not only does the fat 14 burn in the container 11 itself, but also the fat 14 around the pieces burns through the pieces of burnt peat. Thus, the combustion not only occurs on the surface of the burn peat fires, but also the fire inside them, which gives the burn peat fires a good heat storage capacity and a safe re-ignition of the external fire 10. Peat peat 13 has a high calorific value. Further, the dried peat peat 13 is not brittle. It is a hard rocky substance. It stays well together even during combustion and does not decompose greatly, for example, into fat 14 during a fire. In addition, there is little sparking when burning peat peat 13, which also makes it safe in that respect. Non-sparking is an important feature, especially in windy conditions.

The external fire 10 according to the invention burns relatively calmly and for a long time as a flaming illuminating fire compared to, for example, the flaming and aggressive pool fire of the flammable liquid alone. It does not smoke, soot or cause an unpleasant odor. In the pilot phase, the 10-liter outdoor fire burn time was 8-9 hours. At the end of the fire, only the peat ash remains on the bottom of vessel 11. Thus, the grease 14 is substantially completely burned and the remaining parts of the external fire 10 recycled. The container 11 can be disposed of as metal waste and the ash can be disposed of in nature or taken to compost.

The outer fire 10 may further include igniters 15 for igniting the outer fire 10. The lighters 15 may be treated, for example, with a flame-retardant 16. The lighters 15 may be, for example, dry wood fiber, for example in the form of chips 17 having a large surface area. For example, the chips 17 may have been dipped and / or impregnated with a combustible material such as barbecue light or even the same material as vessel 11 otherwise used as combustible material 12, i.e. organic fat 14. The igniters 15 may be integrated into vessel 11 e.g. The lighters 15 immersed in the fire-promoting fluid may be partially covered by fat 14, partly above the surface of the combustible material 12. On the other hand, the ignition 15 may also be loose but still in the same sales package with the outer fire 10. Here, it can be set as desired, for example according to the lighter's habit / preference, in the vessel 11 for igniting the outer fire 10.

According to one embodiment, the lighters 15 may be "cotton", wood chips or wood chips made of wood and used, for example, as bedding on animal substrates. Such material can be generated, for example, when milling or planing wood. In this case, it is not even necessary to treat the lighter 15 with a flame-retardant, whereby the outer flame 10 makes it a completely natural product with respect to the components fitted to it. For example, in a 10 liter vessel 11, the ignition 15 may be, for example, 30 to 100 g.

It is to be understood that the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings are intended only to illustrate the present invention. Thus, the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth above or as defined in the claims, but many variations and modifications of the invention which are possible within the scope of the inventive concept defined in the appended claims will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (6)

FOR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 1. Marschall, som omfattar et brinnande ämne (12), anordnat i ett icke-brinnande ämne (11), whistling omfattar organiskt fett (14), kännetecknad av att det brinnande ämnet (12) omfattar dessutom stycketorv (13). An external fire comprising a combustible material (12) arranged in a non-combustible vessel (11) comprising organic fat (14), characterized in that the combustible material (12) further comprises peat peat (13). 2. Marschall enligt skyddskrav 1, kännetecknad av att av det brinnande ämnet (12) and stycketorv (13) anordnat att spare 25 -60 vikt-% och organiskt fett (14) 40 - 75 vikt-% och ännu mer företrädesvis, stycketorv ( 13) 40-60 wt-% and organic fett (14) 40-60 wt-%. Outside fire according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustible material (12) is adapted to contain 25 to 60% by weight of peat (13) and 40 to 75% by weight of organic fat (14), and more particularly, peat (13) 40. 60% by weight and 40-60% by weight of organic fat (14). 3. Marschall enligt skyddskrav 1 eller 2, kännetecknad av att det organic organic fettet (14), and an air / eller djurbaserat fett, som företrädesvis or flytande vid rumstemperatur, såsom till exempel oljeväxtfett. An external fire according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the organic fat (14) is a vegetable and / or animal fat, which is preferably fluid at room temperature, such as oilseed oil. 4. Marschall enligt något av skyddskraven 1-3, tilting stems with stycketorvens (13) - fuktighet anordnad att stock 20 - 40%, - styckestorleken 10 - 120 mm. Outside fire according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the moisture content of the peat (13) is adapted to be between 20 and 40%, - the particle size is between 10 and 120 mm. 5. Marschall enligt något av skyddskraven 1-4, rotary angle (11) diameter (W) till höjden (H) and anordnat att spare mellan 3: 2 - 2: 1. An outdoor fire according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ratio of the diameter (W) of the vessel (11) to the height (H) is arranged to be between 3: 2 and 2: 1. Outside fire according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the proportion of the peat (13) in the cross-sectional area of the vessel (11) is adapted to be between 10 and 90%, more particularly between 50 and 90 O. o · SKYDDSKRAV 6. Marschall enligt något av skyddskraven 1-5, kännetecknad av att stycketorvens (13) and av rape (11), the rows of the stock 10 - 90%, mer företrädesvis 50 - 90%.