FI119142B - Dosage washing system - Google Patents

Description

! 119142 WASHING DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

The present invention relates to a dispensing system in which liquid is supplied to a plurality of surfaces using an adjustable liquid flow dispenser. A preferred field of application of the invention is the spiral separator industry.

Liquid distribution systems are used in many industrial processes, for example to separate the slurry-enriched particles from the lighter ones in a spiral separator. The use of water or liquid scrubbing has been found to be advantageous in that it leaches the lighter particles from the enriched ones, and also contributes to the transfer of heavier concentrates in the spiral towards the outlet. Without the action of the wash water, the movement of the enriched particles would be quite slow and could even come to a standstill, as not only are the particles in the slowest moving zone, they are also located in a very shallow or narrow portion of 15 sludges.

According to the prior art, the washing water or liquid is passed through a spiral tube or a trough. Spiraalierottimessa is typically water:: *: the tube and the apertures or water channels, which are arranged in connection spiraalierotti- • · · · 20 men with kourupinnan interior. Several control valves control the flow of water from the pipe or water channel to the chips of the process. For example, a seven-way spiral separator may have seven to twenty-one openings in the water pipe, and usually each outlet has its own control valve.

Another system known in the art has a central pillar, which is used as a water reservoir, and individual valves regulate the input of each coil to the inlet point ··· • * *; · * amount of water. The pressure difference between the feed points makes flow control difficult. In addition, the kinetic energy of water at the lowest φ feed point may be so high that it interferes with the flow of liquid near the last φ: 30 feed point.

φ # φ φ φ φ φφ 119 2 119142

A number of spiral separator washer fluid supply lines are known in the art. For example, U.S. Patent No. 2,700,469 discloses a spiral separator wash water inlet pipe. The channel in which the wash water passes is fixed inside the riser. The water channel is connected to the inside of the trough by an open pipe through which water flows. Another pipe arrangement is disclosed in U.S. Patent 2,431,560. In the washing water-carrying channel is disposed in the vicinity of the inside of the trough. The water channel is provided with a tracked unit on an adjustable projection which leads the wash water from the water channel to the inside of the process chute. One inlet is directed into the channel on the side of the hating water, and one outlet is on the inside of the KO-10 run. The liquid is fed into one of the inlets and discharged from the outlet into the trough. US 2,431,559 discloses a third distribution arrangement. The passage is provided with a permeable assembly such that one inlet is located above and outside the trough and the outlet is located below and inside the trough. Water is fed into one of the inlets and discharged from the outlet into the bottom of the pro-15 process chute.

However, the above-mentioned wash water distribution piping systems have several drawbacks. From time to time, it must be possible to adjust the amount of wash water at a certain rise on the trough surface. For example, when heavy enriched particles make up a large portion of the slurry, a thin liquid film that hates the inside surface of the riser may not be sufficient to transport the nickels down the spiral. In order to add water to the thin liquid * membrane, the water control valves must be adjusted. For example, • · ·: Adjusting one valve to increase anger often leads to a situation where the anger at all other outlets decreases. The reduction in the amount of water at one outlet is not directly proportional to the reduction in the amount of water at one other outlet. It may not be desirable to reduce • • * ·; · * anger at other outlets. To avoid this problem, the system operator may need to adjust even all the valves in the spiral separator.

: 30 ·· ·

The situation will be further complicated if the process includes several hundreds of separators, each with a number of elevations, as is usually the case. Adjusting all valves 3 119142 on all process separators requires considerable time and energy, and is virtually impossible. In addition, the control valves may become clogged because they are very small and sensitive to water impurities.

Because of these and other prior art problems, it is clear that a water distribution system is needed which can regulate the amount of water flowing over several inclines of multiple separators.

It is an object of the invention to provide a washing liquid dispensing system in which the amount of liquid flowing in each increment of one of the 10 spiral separators can be controlled. Another object of the invention is to provide a liquid distribution system in which the water levels at several different elevations of the multiple separators can be easily and quickly regulated. It is also an object of the invention to enable efficient use of the washing liquid. A further object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the coil separator-15. It is also an object of the invention to provide remote control of the washing liquid supplied to the spiral openings. A further object of the invention is to enable automatic monitoring of the washing liquid fed into the spiral openings.

The invention relates to a dispensing system in which the washing liquid is supplied to a plurality of different surfaces. Preferably, the invention is used in conjunction with spiral separators. The system includes a distributor body to which the liquid to be delivered is further fed, a plurality of * equally spaced members, generally provided with vertical passageways, ·· 0 • that are connected to the fluid in the casing to allow fluid to flow from the passageways and a plurality of fluid flow channels, respectively, communicating with said members and supplying the same or different amount of fluid to each spiral ascent.

··· • · · · ···

In one embodiment, said means comprise a plurality of evenly spaced fluid flow channels vertically disposed within the body and having a height less than the height of the body. These fluid flow channels, respectively, have passages for receiving fluid from the body to the liquid. The system includes means for tilting the body to vary the flow of fluid 4 119142 into the ducts, thereby changing the amount of fluid flowing to the risers of the separator.

In another embodiment, the run-5 coil of the water or liquid flow distributor is located on the upper inlet of the spiral separator; The spiral separator has a helical trough surface which is divided into several inclines. The body has a fluid flow guide having a rectangular shape and consisting of rectangular compartments disposed around the central reservoir; the central tank is in direct contact with the fluid source. Each compartment generally comprises a vertical 10 conduit in fluid communication with the central reservoir. In addition, each compartment has at least one outlet, which is connected to at least one fluid flow passage so that variable amounts of washing liquid can be supplied to it, passing through a duct to the surface of the trough. From the fluid flow channel, fluid is supplied near the inner surface of the trough. The body may be supported by a mid-axis 15 pivoting shaft or hinge joint at one end and an elliptical eccentric rotatable at the other end. When the body is horizontal, a portion of each passage is open to fluid from the reservoir flowing into the trough. As the eccentric rotates upward, one end of the body rises up and the other end ij ': becomes stuck in the hinge joint. As a result, the roads become inclined; some of them 20 may open completely from the reservoir to the filing fluid, some will only open partially, · "* ··, and some will remain closed, depending on the tilt angle. Thus, the amount of fluid hating through each duct outlet varies with the tilt angle. each of the passageway to make the washing liquid in the vicinity of the inside of the kourupinnan.

* · ·

By changing the tilt angle, relative changes in the amount of hate washing liquid on each of the 25 rising trough surfaces are obtained. The user of the appliance can adjust the amount of washing liquid that hates a certain upward trend. By changing the angle of inclination, changing the amount of hate fluid from a particular passage to a certain ascent, and the amount of hating fluid from other passages to the other, changes relative to the change that has occurred in the first ascent.

: 30 • · · ·

If a large number of separators are required, the liquid hate distributor may be located on top of each separator. From the main liquid feed, liquid is fed to all dispensers. With this arrangement, the machine operator can monitor the flow of liquid to each separator. Alternatively, a single fluid flow distributor may be used for all separators. Both systems can be automated by adding a flow control mechanism that controls the flow of liquid from the feed 5 to the dispenser. Preferably, a mid-flow analyzer is used to analyze the composition of the spiral concentrate intermediates and the samples containing the waste material. The analyzer signals the analysis data to the control mechanism and thus assists the control mechanism in determining appropriate flow rates for the spirals.

10

In another embodiment, the washer fluid distributor body has a plurality of compartments arranged around a central cylindrical container. The upper edge of the cylindrical fluid flow guide is inclined. The fluid flow guide is disposed within the central tank so that the outer surface of the guide is flush with the inner surface of the tank 15. Each compartment has a vertical passage that connects the compartment with a fluid connection to the central container. In addition, each compartment has at least one outlet opening connected to at least one fluid flow passage. Fluid from the fluid source is flowing to the fluid flow controller. In each rotation position, the controller releases and covers some areas or portions of the tubes. As the controller • · · 20 rotates about its central axis to selected positions within the central reservoir, the ratio of open and closed areas for fluid flow changes, which in turn results in changes in the amount of water flowing through these tubes to the fluid flow channels. Each passage in each compartment allows fluid to flow into fluid flow channels connected to different risers of the separator. The Nes-25 tea flow channels supply the washing liquid to the trough surface of the spiral separator.

♦ · ·: Thus, rotating the joystick allows for different levels of washing liquid to be fed to the different pitches of the separator. If the user of the device wants to increase or decrease the amount of detergent that hates a particular *: ** separator, he simply rotates the joystick to supply more or less liquid. The amount of {30 washer hate on other hikes also changes, but these changes are usually ··· * relative to user-hated changes. The shape of the top of the joystick may vary depending on the process and the nicknames that it separates.

• · 6 119142

The novel inventive features of the invention are described in detail in the appended claims. Instead, the invention itself, both its arrangement and method of use, as well as other objects and advantages of the invention will become most apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a circular washer fluid flow distributor according to the invention having a flow guide;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the embodiment of Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 1, showing the tops of the carrier pi and liquid passageways;

Fig. 4 is an isometric decomposition pattern of a washer fluid system according to the invention;

Figure 5 is an isometric view of an alternative embodiment in which the flow channels supplying the washing liquid are disposed in another manner on the inner surface of the process trough;

Fig. 6A is an isometric pattern of another preferred embodiment of the system wherein a single washer fluid distributor supplies the washer fluid to a plurality of coil separators; the separators are shown separately in the figure, but they can be installed in the same Pi, ar; Fig. 6B is an isometric pattern of a preferred embodiment of the system of the invention in which a single washer fluid distributor supplies the washer fluid to a plurality of spiral separators; the separators are shown separately but can be installed in the same pillar; ···! ...: Figure 6C is a combination of Figures 6A and 6B; Figure 7 is a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the system having a main fluid distributor; Figure 8 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the invention having an automatic washer fluid distribution system;

Figure 9 is a plan view of an embodiment in which the washer fluid distributor is rectangular; • · · ·

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 9 with a rotatable eccentric member at one end; 7, 119142

Figure 11 is a sectional view similar to Figure 10 with the eccentric in its steepest tilt position;

Fig. 12 shows another rectangular washer fluid distributor;

Fig. 13 is an isometric sectional view of another embodiment of a washer fluid system 5 having a plurality of fluid flow passages and passages disposed therein; the system is supported by a pivot axis disposed in the middle of the body, and / or a rotating, elliptical eccentric is located beneath one end of the body;

Figures 13A and B illustrate practical alternatives to the implementation of the passageways, and can be applied to the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 9-12; and Fig. 13C is a side view of the embodiment of Fig. 13B.

The features of the invention and the structural details thereof will best be apparent from the accompanying drawings.

15

Fig. 1 shows a wash liquid distributor body 10 and a plurality of members or compartments 16 arranged around a central cylindrical container 12. The cylindrical fluid flow guide 14 has an inclined upper edge 22. The liquid flow guide:. *; 14 is disposed inside the central container 12 so that the outer surface of the guide 14 is set · · * ·: 20 against the inner surface of the container 12. Each compartment 16 has a vertical conduit 20 that provides fluid communication from compartment 16 to central container 12. In addition, each compartment 16 has at least one outlet port 18 connected to at least one fluid flow passage or conduit 26. Central container 12 and its the fluid flow controller 14 receives fluid from a fluid source not shown. 25 In each rotation position, the guide 14 releases areas or portions of the conduits 20 to the · · · fluid flow and covers them from the flow. When the controller 14 rotates

Iff about its perpendicular center axis to the selected positions inside the central tank 12, ·: * ·: changes in the fluid flow closed and open areas, the mi: · · *, in turn, change the amount of 30 fluid flowing through the conduits 20 into the fluid flow channels 26. In each compartment 16, each of the passageways 20 discharges fluid flow into the fluid flow passages 26 connected to different risers 30 of the separator 25.

·

Liquid flow channels 26 supply the washing liquid to the surface 33 of the trough 8 119142 of the spiral separator 25. Thus, rotating the guide 14 provides different amounts of washing liquid to the various risers 30 of the separator 25, as shown in Figure 4. If the user wishes to increase or decrease the amount of washing liquid filing on the trough surface 33, he merely rotates the guide 14, allowing the fluid to flow 5 more or less. The amount of washing fluid flowing to other elevations also changes, but the changes are usually relative to the change in fluid flow intended by the user. The inclined edge 22 may be shaped in different ways for different separators which process different particles.

Figure 2 is a plan view of an embodiment of a washing liquid dispenser 10. The shape of the distributor 10 may be any one, but is shown here as cylindrical. The compartments 16 may be any number and may have one or more outlet openings 18, which are best illustrated in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a fluid distributor body 10 mounted on a single spiral separator 25. From the body, a plurality of fluid channels or fluid-conducting fluid flow channels 26 extend into the support column 28 of the spiral separator 25. The fluid flow channels 26 extend through the openings of the support column 28:. 27 and lead to wash liquid damping receivers 32 and 40 to reduce

Mt · 20 or to suppress the velocity and kinetic energy of the fluid supplied from distributor 10, as shown in Figures 4-6. Receiver 32 feeds the suction *: ··: upwardly from the bottom opening 32A into the trough surface 33 inside the fluid and concentrate channel 34 so as to assist in transferring heavier enriching particles advancing near the inner surface 34 to the respective outlet openings 25 35 is arranged on the inner surface at even intervals. In the vicinity of channel 34 is a ·· »• V-linked adjustable rib 36 for heavier enriched particles and

• • I

! ...: water is directed to the concentrate channel 34.

M »* · • ·

An alternative embodiment is shown in Figure 5; it contains one liquid:. The flow passage 26 carries the washing liquid from the compartment 16, which is best shown in Figure 1, to the damping receiver 32 and also to the receiver 40.

The liquid flow passage 26 discharges the washing fluid into the receiver 32, and from there, a portion of the fluid is transferred through the tube 26A to another receiver 40 located below the receiver 32. This arrangement allows the washing liquid to be properly dispensed by dividing the amount of liquid into two or more receivers 32 and 40, as may be necessary when the required number of fluid flow passages down the support column 5 is large enough to exceed the diameter of the support column.

Figures 6 A, B and C show alternative embodiments. In Figures 6A, 6B and 6C, a single distributor 10 supplies the washing liquid to a plurality of spiral separators 10 25, shown separately, but which may be mounted on the same pillar 28. Each compartment 16 has two outlet openings 18 25 for a trough surface 33. Several outlet openings may be used in a plurality of fluid flow channels. The user can control and manipulate the washing fluid flow 15 to a plurality of separators using a single liquid distributor and a fluid flow controller as shown in the figure.

Fig. 6B shows a similar spiral separator unit as in Fig. 6A.

The embodiments shown in Figures 6A and 6B may be combined into one of the two or ··· · 20 three-pitched spiral separators shown in Fig. 6C to provide increased capacity relative to the mounting space.

* ·: * · *: Figure 7 illustrates another alternative embodiment of the system. The prior art fluid distributor 44 supplies the washing liquid to a plurality of 25 auxiliary dispensers 10 in each of the columns of the separators 25. The user adjusts the liquid M *: V background to the multiple separators 25 only by manipulating the control valve 45 with the electric valve • · *

49 and flowmeter 47. The arrangement allows the user to ·: * ·: vary the flow of fluid to a plurality of separators 25 by using a single valve 45 and control the flow of liquid to each separator 25 with its own fractionator. the arrangement can be automated so that the washing liquid t ·: * ·, · can be adjusted efficiently and accurately to several separators.

* 10 119142

Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of the system; therein, fluid reservoir 44A is coupled to a flow control mechanism 46 including a level sensor 53, a water control valve 51, and an on-line analyzer 48. The on-line analyzer 48 takes samples of the products at predetermined times and analyzes the composition of each sample. The analyzer 48 sends the analysis data to the control mechanism 46, which, based on the information it receives, determines the amount of washing liquid required for the ascent 30 in the separators 25 to ensure that the process achieves optimum separation of heavier enriched particles from lighter particles. The control mechanism 46 manipulates the water control valve 51 for controlling the level of the liquid surface in the tank 44A and the amount of washing liquid hating from the tank, thereby adjusting the liquid level in each dispenser 10.

An alternative embodiment of the washing liquid dispenser 10 is shown by reference numeral 15A in Fig. 9. The dispenser body 10A is rectangular or oval in shape and has a plurality of compartments 16A disposed on either side of the central container 12A. Each compartment 16A has at least one outlet 18A for transporting the washing liquid from the compartment to the trough 33 of the separator 25, cf. Picture 4,:. fluid-carrying fluid flow channels 26A. In Figures 10 and 11, ··· *: 20 the distributor 10A is shown in longitudinal cross-section. Each compartment • · "... 16A has an elongated conduit 20A fluidly connected to the central reservoir *: ··· 12A. A rotating, elliptical eccentric 50 resembling a flattened wheel is disposed below one end of the distributor 10A, and head supported by • # hinge connection 52. Distributor 10A is horizontal when eccentric 50 is horizontal, or has a rotation angle of 0. A specific area or portion of each: *** · * conduit 20A is open to washer fluid supplied to central reservoir 12A When · ·· eccentric 50 preferably rotates with a rotation angle between 0 and 90 degrees, ·; ·· * each of the passageways 20A has an area of different size open so that a smaller or larger volume of wash liquid can flow through it. as a result: * /. 30 of each passageway 20A continue to flow a different amount of fluid out of the outlet openings and into each trough surface 33 of the ascent 30. Different amounts of fluid t is directly proportional to the rotation angle of the eccentric 50. The user defines the preferred • · 11,119,142 washing fluid volumes for each ascent 30 and the eccentric rotation angles thereof. The user can increase or decrease the amount of water for each ascent without significantly increasing or decreasing the amount of water needed for the other ascents. The user merely rotates the eccentric to an angle of a certain order of magnitude 5 to achieve a certain level of flow for one increment for the 30 flowing fluid and a proportional flow level for the other increments. The procedure improves the efficiency of separating the heavy particles from the lighter, by allowing the exact amount of liquid to be fed into any riser at each point required. It also saves washing detergent 10 in the separator because it is only used as much as needed. In addition, a large number of multi-pitched spirals are made to function effectively. Synchronization of all eccentric motion in the distributor 10A can be achieved by using a stepper motor as the eccentric power source and said motors can be known to be remotely controlled.

15

Figure 12 shows another embodiment for rotating eccentric 50A. Distributor 10A is horizontal (0) while eccentric 50A is at an angle of about 45 degrees. When eccentric 50A rotates 45 degrees down or minus 45 degrees, • distributor 10A is tilted down. The tilting changes the areas open to the flow of the washing fluid of the passageways 20A · * · · 20, and at the same time changes the amount of flow in the elevations 30 to each trough surface 33. As the eccentric 50A rotates upward * "*: (+ a), the distributor 10A tilts upward, while the amount of flow to the respective trough surfaces 33 of increments 30 ··· i V is changed. Other means known to those skilled in the art, such as lifting gear, screws, wedges, hydraulic cylinders, pistons, motors and the like, can also be used to tilt the distributor 10A.

Figure 13 shows another alternative embodiment of a washing liquid dispensing system. The body 54 has a plurality of members or fluid flow passages 55 disposed within the body 54, each of which is generally vertical: 30 passages 56 for receiving fluid from the body 54 to the fluid flow passages 55 and • a * a: Figures 4-8. The height of the fluid flow passages 55 is less than that of the body 10.

12 119142

Unlike in the embodiment of Figure 1, where fluid flows through the passages 20 of the compartments 16 to the passageways 26, the fluid can now flow directly from the body 54 to the passages 56 of the fluid flow passages 55, as shown in Figure 13. The fluid flow channels 55 may be, but are not necessarily, the same fluid flow channels 59 that extend through the pillar 28 illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 of the separator. The body 54 may be supported midway on a pivot shaft 57 having a direct transmission, or it may be supported by a combination including a pivot shaft 57 without direct transmission and tilting means, e.g., a rotating, elliptical eccentric 58 beneath the end of the second body 54, such as ku-10 is shown in failures 10-12. By rotating an elliptical eccentric 58 or a pivoting axle 57 having a transmission, the body 54 is inclined, thereby changing the level of the water surface of the fluid flow passages 55 into the tubes 56 and varying amounts of fluid flowing to the various risers of the spiral separator.

Figure 13A generally shows a vertical path 56A which may be applied to the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 9 to 12 if desired. At the upper end of the flow passage 55 is made a V-shaped, downwardly tapered conduit 56A formed at an angle (X) of about 15-30 degrees. The passage 56A is made: tapered downwardly to provide a greater flow of liquid at the upper end of the flow passage 55, making it easier to control the fluid flow to the spiral by adjusting the inclination.

• ·

Figure 13B generally shows a vertical, elliptical tube 56B made at the end of the flow passage 55 and applicable to the embodiments shown in Figure 13. In addition, it will be appreciated that the generally vertical, elliptical shape may also be used in the embodiments of Figures 1 and 9 to 12, if desired. It may be more difficult to regulate the amount of water filed from Road 56B ·: ··: compared to Road 56A, but on the other hand the commercial manufacture of Road 56B may be easier. Without prejudice to the scope of the invention, the following may be used:. 30 also uses other, usually vertical, tubes, or tubes * ·· t with an elongated, usually vertical axis.

• · 13 119142

The invention has been described above with reference to certain embodiments thereof, but it will be appreciated that many applications and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the inventive idea. Therefore, the following claims are intended to cover all such applications and modifications which are within the spirit and scope of the invention.

· · · »» Φ »» f * # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #. · Φ # φ φ # # # · · · · · · · · φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ

Claims (25)

A washer fluid distribution system for distributing fluid to a plurality of risers (30) of a spiral separator (25), characterized in that the spiral separator (25) comprises a fluid flow distributor having a body (10) for supplying fluid to be dispensed, corresponding, generally vertical, conduits (20) communicating with a fluid stored within said housing (10), whereby fluid can flow through said conduits (20) to said members, and a plurality of fluid flow channels (26) communicating with said members, respectively such that each of said risers (30) is supplied with the same or a different amount of liquid. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that the body (10) has a central receiving container (12), wherein said members comprise a plurality of evenly spaced compartments (16) adjacent to the container, and wherein said plurality, generally the vertical passageways (20) being in fluid communication between the container (12) and the compartments (16), and the system also having a plurality of tubes, respectively connected to the compartments (16), and each latch -: · · · of the ribs (16) feeds the same or different amount of liquid into each tube. 20 The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the body (10) has a movable flow controller (14) disposed within the container (12), in order to allow the flow of liquid into each compartment (16). vary when the flow controller (14) moves from one position to another. 25 • # • · · A system according to claim 3, characterized in that the guide * · *: ** (14) has an inclined upper edge and a cylindrical shape substantially conforming to the shape of the container (12), and that the container (12) can be rotated (14) inside, so that different areas of the passageways (20) are open at each rotation: X: 30 allowing the fluid flow to the compartments (16) to be varied. • · • · · * ·· * · 15 119142 System according to Claim 1, characterized in that the passageways (20) are substantially vertical and further comprise tilting means for tilting the distributor from a horizontal position in order to vary the open areas of the passageways (20) and thus also the amount of fluid flowing into the compartments (16). 5 System according to Claim 1, characterized in that the body (10) is elongated and further comprises a rotatable eccentric (50) located below one end of the body (10) and a hinge connection (52) located on the body (10). below the other end, and that the eccentric (50) can be rotated to change the inclination of the body 10 to vary the open areas of the conduits (20) communicating with the fluid in the container (12) and hence the amount of fluid flowing through the conduits (20). System according to claim 1, characterized in that the system 15 also comprises a fluid supply which supplies fluid to the body (10), a control mechanism (46) which controls the flow of fluid flowing within the elements and a flow analyzer (48) for analyzing the spiral separator (25). composition of the through-flow particle stream. • · • · · • · · · · · ·: 20 A system according to claim 1, characterized in that said plurality of fluid flow channels (55) are arranged around the support column (28) such that they pass through openings in the support column (28) and feed therefrom • · · · · * solar fluid, and that the system further includes a • · '···' damping receiver arranged around the support column (28), configured to receive the washing fluid from the fluid flow channels (55), to dampen energy and supply the fluid. • »· in the spiral separator (25) on the inside of the riser. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that the system comprises a plurality of attenuating receivers disposed within the support column (28). 30 so that they are directly opposite each other. • · · • ·· • 16,119,142 A system according to claim 1, characterized in that the members comprise a plurality of evenly spaced pipes mounted vertically within the hull and having a height less than the height of the hull, and having corresponding passageways (56) for receiving fluid from the hull to the pipe; In addition, the system comprises means for furnishing the body such that the flow of fluid in the passageways (56) and thus also the amount of fluid hating the ascents can be varied. System according to claim 1, characterized in that said passages (56) are elongated. System according to Claim 1, characterized in that said conduits (56) are elliptical. 15 System according to claim 1, characterized in that said passageways (56) are V-shaped and taper towards the bottom of the frame. 14. Wash liquid dispenser system, characterized in that the system comprises a dispenser, · · ice body (10), a central reservoir (12), a plurality of compartments (16) located near the central reservoir (12) and having a plurality of passages (20) having an elongated ** · axis, generally vertical, and that the conduits (20) are in fluid communication with the container, and the system has a plurality of fluid flow channels (26), respectively · compartments (16) and means for simultaneously varying fluid flow to each passage (20) of the same or different size. 25 for supplying its amount of liquid to each of said fluid flow channels (26). A system according to claim 14, characterized in that said means include a hinge connection (52) arranged below one end of the distributor (10): .v 30 and a tilting means underneath the second end of the distributor (10) for varying the proportion of the distributor's tilt and fluid passages (20) to the liquid, whereby the amount of fluid flowing into each fluid flow passage (26) can be varied. 14 119142 A system according to claim 14, characterized in that said means include an elongated eccentric (50) disposed beneath one end of the distributor (10) and a hinge connection (52) disposed beneath one end of the distributor (10), and that the eccentric (50) can be rotated from one position to another to vary the size of said fluid-open fluid passages (20) within the container (12), whereby the amount of fluid 10 flowing into each fluid flow passage (26) can also be varied. A system according to claim 14, characterized in that the system further comprises a fluid supply for supplying fluid to the distributor (10), and a control mechanism (46) for monitoring flow to the fluid flow channels (26) and a flow analyzer (48) for analyzing the composition of the particle flow through the spiral separator (25). A system according to claim 14, characterized in that said fluid flow channels (26) are disposed within the support column (28) such that Vj 20 passes through openings (27) in the support column (28) and carries the washing liquid therefrom. And, further, the system includes damping receivers (32,40) disposed about the support column (28) to receive fluid from said fluid flow channels (26), to dampen energy of the fluid and to supply it * * · spiral separator (25) on the inside surface of the riser (30). 25 • · • * * 19. Wash liquid dispensing system, characterized in that the system comprises a distributor • · '*; ** and (10) and a central reservoir (12), in the vicinity of the central reservoir, a plurality of hollow • · members having fluid conduits (20) 12), · · · and a plurality of fluid flow channels (26) connected to said V: 30 means respectively, with each compartment (16) having an outlet (18) in fluid communication: *** · said fluid flow channels (26) and flow controller (26); 14) which can be moved from one position to another to open different areas of the conduits (20) in each position of the guide and thereby adjust the amount of fluid filing in each member and each fluid flow passage (26). System according to Claim 19, characterized in that the system has a cylindrical container (12) shape, and in which also the cylindrical guide (14) has the shape of a container (12) and is disposed within the container (12), and the guide has an inclined upper edge (22) which, in each position, opens different areas of the conduits (20) for fluid flow, whereby the amount of fluid hating each member can be varied. 10 A system according to claim 19, characterized in that the guide (14) comprises a tilting means disposed beneath the distributor (10) for furnishing it so as to vary the open areas of the conduits (20) and thus the amount of fluid hating said members. 15 A system according to claim 19, characterized in that the distributor (10) is elongated, and wherein the guide (14) comprises an elongated rotating eccentric (50) disposed beneath one end of the distributor (10) and a hinge connection (52), positioned below one end of the distributor (10); the eccentric (50) may be: rotated to change the tilt angle of the distributor (10), whereby the tubes (20) are in a fluid position; ·· The areas open to the flow of water can be altered and thus the amount of fluid hating through them can be varied. · # · · · · · · · · · A system according to claim 19, characterized in that there are also a plurality of receivers arranged around the support column (28) of the spiral separator (25), which receive the washing liquid from the fluid flow channels and supply the liquid to the spiral separator (25). ascent (30) to the trough surface. • · • * »• •» • ♦ • * · A system according to claim 19, characterized in that the system: V: 30 further comprises a plurality of spiral separators (25) having a plurality of elevations (30), and wherein the distributor (10) distributes different amounts of liquid to each of the spiral separators (25). (30). 19, 119142 The system of claim 19, characterized in that the system further comprises a spiral separator (25) for separating heavier concentrate particles from lighter particles, and that the spiral separator (25) has a plurality of gradients and ) resolution. • • • • • • t IM · * 1 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 «· • · 1« · • · · * · »* 1 ··· • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · M • · 20 119142