FI116287B - Tempering and cooling glass in furnace by dividing air flow from blower(s) during tempering of glass in between tempering and cooling sections so that in tempering section high cooling effect is obtained - Google Patents

Abstract

Tempering and cooling glass in furnace involves dividing air flow from blower(s) during tempering of glass in between tempering and cooling sections so that in tempering section a high cooling effect is obtained as required the thickness of glass being tempered. The furnace has the separate tempering and cooling sections; tempering blower(s); and air ducts and nozzle arrangements to conduct the air onto the glass. An independent claim is also included for a furnace device for form performing the above method comprising a separate tempering section (TS) and cooling section (CS), tempering blower(s) (B2), and air ducts and nozzles to aim the air blown onto the glass. The device includes ducts from the blower(s) into the tempering section and cooling section and division device by which the air delivery from blower can be divided between the tempering section and/or cooling section.

Description

1,116,287

METHOD AND OVEN EQUIPMENT FOR GLASS GLASSING AND

COOLING

BACKGROUND ART Two main types of tempering techniques are known in flat glass tempering machines; 1) Separate hardening section

Tempering usually takes place in a tempering compartment about 1200 mm long, through which thin glass, generally 2.8 to 4.0 mm thick, is run at a relatively high speed, about 600 mm / s, during which the glass hardens. Final cooling takes place only in the refrigeration section of the karkai-10 favorite. Since thin glasses require high cooling power, the method is advantageous since only relatively short distances require efficient cooling. Most glass loads are 3 to 5 meters long, and if such a long section were to be blasted with hardening pressure, the required hardening power would be up to 3 to 4 times greater than that of the toughening compartment of about 1200 mm (not counting 15 cooling compartments). Thus, this method is capable of reducing peak power during quenching.

After tempering, the glass trace is cooled in a cooling section, which is generally 200 to 400 mm longer than the glass. It is not advisable to use as high a cooling cooler for final cooling as for quenching, and on the other hand, when the cooling section is large, the amount of air required is also large, whereby the quenching fan is not well suited for final cooling. In addition, the high pressure quench blower has a characteristic pressure curve which is unsuitable and energy-wasting when used for lower pressure cooling blowing.

25 The disadvantage of this method is that the quenching and refrigeration compartments must have their own fans, which may increase costs. Since the quench fan is used only during quenching and there is no time to stop it between quench cycles, it is here; All the energy used during the period is wasted energy. Although the power absorbed by the fan during this period is reduced in various ways, the energy lost is significant.

.! 30 2) Combined Tempering and Cooling Division V The glass is tempered and cooled in the same compartment so that the nozzle arrangement is the same for the • • tempering compartment. The advantage of this method is that the machine is shortened by about 1200 '···' mm since no separate hardening section is needed. The disadvantage of this method is that a high hardening pressure is required over the length of the 2 116287 quench compartments, which results in excessively high blows, motors and power supplies. Alternatively, special arrangements, such as the use of a "compressor booth" in which the glass is tempered by the interaction of fan air and compressor air, will be required. This method is expensive.

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Since this method combines a quenching section with a final cooling section and the thin glass tempering nozzle is optimally quite different from the nozzle section of the final cooling section, there must be nozzles suitable for both quenching and quenching. Typically, these nozzles are flanked by high back pressure, a turbo-10 ran around the nozzle outlet, and poor blowing in the direction of the rollers. Thus, the nozzles are trade-offs, that is, neither of them is the best possible.

One way to reduce peak quenching efficiency in this combined quenching and cooling section method is to split the section into two separate sections. The initial part is now a tempering compartment 15, which is blown with two series fans and thereby causes the tempering pressure to rise high enough for thin glass as well. The process is described in FI 100525B. Again, the aforementioned compromise nozzles have to be used. It can further be noted that the method of FI 100525 B results in the opening of the shutter in step 10 where the end of the glass has not yet cooled to the beginning of the glass after it has passed through the high pressure portion and has completely cured and cooled to a certain temperature. temperature. Uneven cooling of the glass can: lead to broken glass. It is not possible to pass the glass through the entire high pressure part, because in most cases the unloading table still has unloaded glass. In addition, it should be noted that it is not advantageous to direct the fan ducts to the quenching / cooling section, *; '25 because the channels become complex and thus waste energy while glass • I »•, t; * Cool.

• * ,,. In both of the above cases, thick glasses are generally driven to tempering at a much lower speed and their tempering process is much slower than the tempering process of thin glasses, so their handling with regard to tempering is not essential here. When thick tempered glasses require very little •; · Pressure, even natural convection, is difficult to achieve with a sufficiently low quench pressure on high pressure blowers. In this case, it is only to the advantage of the thicker glasses that the fan blows into the nozzles of both the tempering compartment and the aftercooling compartment 3 116287 at the same time during quenching, since the free aperture area is thus larger and the produced crimp compression is naturally reduced.

Description of new technology:; The method described in this disclosure eliminates the above drawbacks as follows;

In a manner known per se, a separate tempering section is made which is designed to rapidly cool the thin glass with an optimum nozzle. The quenching compartment is also extended to 10 post-cooling compartments in a manner known per se, which is well suited for post-refrigeration.

The process according to the invention is characterized in that the air produced by the glass tempering fan (s) can be directed completely during tempering to the tempering section or some of the air can be directed to the post-cooling section. Instead, during post-cooling, the air from the same fan (s) is at least mainly directed to the post-cooling section.

This achieves the high tempering pressure required by thin glasses with lower connection power and cost savings. The tempering of thick glasses is facilitated 20 because there is more free aperture area of the nozzles and thus it is easier to achieve low cooling power. Depending on the thickness of the glass, fan selection and length of glass loading, the entire after cooling fan can be completely omitted.

; '_ The distribution of air between the quenching section and the after-cooling section can be controlled either by blower-> «;; '; 25 man / fans after the outlet or by means of a regulator located in the quench compartment or also in the after cooling section. At least two tempering blowers are used for thinner glasses and larger loads. Blowers B1 and B2 may typically be medium pressure blowers. When the air pressure of the hardening section is produced by two such blowers, *, t, *, B2 and B1, which are connected in series during the hardening process, the required peak power>>., · 30 is obtained without a hardening pressure sufficient to harden, typically

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2.8 mm thick glass. If desired, the annealing section can even be extended, for example, by 300 'I' mm, which would typically increase the cooling time by 0.5 seconds. This would facilitate the cooling of the glass well below the "" exit temperature "" so that the glass as a whole can be transported to the air-cooled cooling compartment before the air blast is changed from the tempering compartment 116287 to the cooling compartment. If the quenching machine has no air production at any other point, for example by suction removing excess pressure from the quenching compartment, it is advantageous to direct the air thus produced to the aftercooling compartment to cool the glass during its quenching.

5 Considering the various loading lengths, assuming a normal compression section of 1200 mm, a normal '' running speed '' of 600 mm / s and a normal range of loading lengths of 2000 mm to 6400 mm, the following is noted; a) When tempering thin glass, it is necessary to blow all the air into the tempering compartment. When loading is short, it only takes 3-4 seconds to pass the glass through the tempering section. If there is no blowing to the 10 aftercooling compartments, the head of the glass will only have to be for this time without convection, forced cooling. On the other hand, since the short post-cooling section is only about 3000 mm long, the amount of air required by the post-cooling section may not even be equal to the amount of air required for quenching, considering their free aperture area and required air outflow rate. Thus, only one fan can be used for short loads.

If the fan selection leads to two fans, the output of the entire fan B1 during tempering can be directed to the fan B2 and the final cooling only starts when the entire glass is in the final cooling section. The glass has had only a short period of time without final cooling, and will not lose its degree of hardening if and when it has been cooled slightly below the required tempering temperature. Thus, with the shortest loads, hatch G can close all air access to the aftercooling compartment, or hatch G1 may direct the entire fan B1 to air supply fan B2 to provide sufficient hardening pressure.

B) On the other hand, for long loads the glass passes through the tempering section, i.e. end to end loading takes 6-10 seconds but on the other hand the length of the cooling section compared to the length of the tempering section is many times larger. That is, the glass should be • 30 cooled down the hardening temperature the longer the load is, • 'but on the other hand the fan B1 also has an extra output that does not need to be controlled ·; fan B2 to provide the necessary hardening pressure. Depending on the required hardening pressure, the door G1 should now be opened only to the extent ... 'that the required hardening fan pressure is achieved and any excess air 5116287 is led to the cooling compartment, (door opening positions Gl1, Gl1, Gl1, etc.). In this way the full power of the fans is used for quenching and cooling and nothing is wasted as would be the case with blade control or throttle control.

5 This arrangement enables a tempering / cooling arrangement of the glass; - allows optimum use of tempering compartment for tempering - optimum use of cooling compartment for cooling, glass tempering and cooling give a very uniform temperature over the entire length of the glass 10 - is economical to implement, saves energy and operates optimally on both short and long loads with a smaller connection power, - allows a sensible fan type to cool the glass, 15 - allows only one more optimal fan to be used for tempering thick glass, since 15-20 mm glasses should have a particularly low pressure and be easier to achieve when both the tempering compartment and channels open, (large open area) 20 - enables straightforward, energy-efficient and low-cost channel arrangement, - in many cases, reduces the number of fans used »* ί one * ·

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The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 5.

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'' Figures 1 to 5 are all schematic views of the tempering section. They exclude the oven section and the discharge section. In all figures, fans B, B1, and B2 • t blow both the upper and lower nozzles in the quenching and cooling section. However, it is possible that the rigidity of the invention can be operated by one or more fans. The figures have the following notations; ; - B is the common fan of the quenching and cooling section - M is the engine of the previous drive 6 116287 - B1 is the supply fan of the quenching fan or it can also be said to be a cooling unit fan - M1 is the driving engine of the previous hardening compartment - CS is the aftercooling compartment - G is a distributor that distributes air between the hardening and postcooling compartment. It is located in the upper and lower nozzle blocks and, alternatively, may also be located in the aftercooling compartment.

- Ga is a divider corresponding to G but distributes air directly from blower B to the quenching and post-cooling compartment - C is a movable duct or could also be a shut-off hatch - G1 is a divider that divides blower B1 without blower B2 or 15 to way between them

Figure 1 illustrates an alternative in which only one fan B is used and the air produced by it is led to the tempering section TS and / or the post-cooling section CS by adjusting the regulating device G or the alternative saving device Ga to the desired position. The arrangement is especially suitable for short loads of 20 mm and for glasses thicker than 4 mm. If the distributor Ga is used, the air ducts of the quench section and the quench section must be completely * »'during quenching. 'i isolated from each other. Instead, we need a separate air duct from Ga to the post-cooling:> ·· section, to CS.

Figure 2 illustrates an arrangement for tempering thin glass, which requires high pressures * 'and often uses two fans in series. The duct C is closed at the suction opening of the fan B2 and the manifold G1 directs at least a majority of the air output from the fan B1 to the fan B2. Shutter door G closes the connection from the quench section to the after-cool section so that. the quench compartment obtains high pressure and the refrigeration compartment is depressurized or rather low pressure. Air ducts have free air access through nozzle housings to the nozzles in both compartments. The hardening pressure produced by the fans can be controlled; 'First by the position of the door G1 and, if necessary, by other known means.

7, 116287

Figure 3 illustrates an arrangement typical of at least the initial stages of cooling of thin glass after tempering, when both fans are still rotating. Shutter door G has opened the duct to the aftercooling compartment, but prevents air entry from the air ducts of the tempering compartment into the nozzle housings, (darkened). The shutter gate G1 now directs the air from the blower 5 B1 directly to the cooling section CS and the duct C has been opened, so that the blower B2 in this state is freely aspirated and also blows all its air into the after-cooling section. Cooling continues optimally so that both fans, or just one of them, are operated at a rate that cools the glass to a sufficiently low discharge temperature with minimum energy consumption. Particularly with long loads, the amount of air 10 required by the cooling section can be so large that the air produced by the fan B2 is also needed to cool the glasses. This is possible when fans B1 and B2, when operating independently, can run at the same point on the fan curve.

Fig. 4 shows an arrangement of thin glass tempering going in, in which part of the air produced by the fan 15 B1 is led along the side passage to the nozzle housings as shown in Fig. 6. Introducing such air, for example, under the rollers and possibly into an overhead nozzle housing through the low pressure air channel CLP and the openings therein, at the base of the high pressure nozzles would facilitate the ejector effect provided by the high pressure, fast flowing air jets. 20 In the quenching section, it is particularly advantageous to increase the cooling capacity. In part, this '' secondary air '' ensures that there is just as much ejector air at each point and; thus, the cooling power is the same throughout the width of the machine.

'' Figure 5 illustrates a method in which, for example, air removed from the quench compartment during quenching by fan B3 can be led to the cooling nozzles of the quench compartment, Figure '6, through channels CHP. Thus, the cooling effect of this air during tempering '· ·' could be utilized for the initial cooling of the glass.

Instead, during the post-cooling of the glass, fan B3 or other similar air 30 may be led through the lower pressure duct CLP of Figure 6 in the vicinity of the nozzle root. In this case, the secondary air would also serve to provide ejector air t I ("" increases specifically between the high pressure nozzles and the rollers, thereby transporting "';" more reliably away glass fragments that otherwise could pass between the rollers and the nozzles. 116287 is also used as a nozzle for the refrigeration compartment, and the typical 1.2 m long tempered glass compartments through which the glass is passed do not usually have time to break, so there is little need for this arrangement in the tempering compartment.

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Claims (10)

A method for cutting and cooling glass, in a furnace having a separate tempering section (TS) and a separate cooling section (CS) slightly longer than glass, comprising at least one tempering blower and air ducts and nozzle arrangements (CHP) for supplying blowing air to the senses. that in the method, during the tempering of the glass, the air flow of the fan (s) is divided between the tempering section and the after-cooling section so that the cooling power required for the thickness of the glass is achieved in the tempering section. 10 A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulating means (G) in the quenching section (TS) distributes the amount of air in a suitable proportion to the nozzles of the quenching section (TS) and the nozzles of the post-cooling section (CS). 3. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1 kännetecknat därav, att luftmängd ätminstone av en härdningsfläkt (B, Bl) delas med hjälp av en justeringsanordning (Ga, Gl) account luft- j! Π 116287 canal, spare den ena leder till härdningsavdelningen (TS) och den andra till efter-kylningsavdelningen (CS) A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of air of the at least one quench blower (B, B1) is distributed by means of a regulator (Ga, G1) to the air ducts, one leading to the quench section (TS) and the other to the post-cooling section (CS). 4. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1 kännetecknat därav, att justeringsanordningen (G, 5 Ga) kan spärra luftens Ström helt och hället antingen till munstyckena i härdningsavdelningen (TS) eller till munstyckena i efterkylningsavdelningen. Method according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the adjusting device (G, 20 Ga) can completely shut off air access to either the Nozzles of the Temperature Section (TS) or the Nozzles of the Post-Cooling Division (CS). The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hardening pressure of the air supplied to the quenching section (TS) is adjusted to a desired level by controlling a portion of the output of the * 25: 25 quenching fan via a control flap (G, Ga, Gl). • * I • I 5. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1 kännetecknat därav, att härdningstryck av luit som ledes account härdningsavdelningen (TS) justeras account span niva genome att leda en del av 10 härdningsfläktens Produktion med hjälp av en justeringsklaff (G, Gav) CS). 6. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1 kännetecknat därav, att luit som fläkten (B3) under härdning suger fr an härdningsavdelningen (TS) led account munstyckena (CHP) i efterkylingningsavdelningen (CS). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, during quenching, the air drawn from the quench section (TS) of the fan (B3) is led to a post-quench section (CS); Nozzles (CHP). 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, during post-cooling: Y: the suction air from the tempering section of the fan (B3) is led through a duct (CLP) *:; near the root of the nozzles (CHP). ii i j 10 1 1 6287 7. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1 kännetecknat därav, att luit som fläkten (B3) under eiterkylningen suger ffän härdningsavdelningen ledes via kanen (CLP) account munstyckena (CHP) and without delay av deras upphov. 20th *. : 8. En ugnanordning för att förverkliga förfarandet enligt patentkrav 1, vilken anordning • ·.:. har en separat härdningsavdelning (TS) och separat kylningsavdelning (CS) som lite längre än glas och account blink ugnanordning hör ätminstone en härdningsfläkt, samt luft- "': channeler och et munstycke arrangemang (CHP) för ledning aväs 25 kännetecknad därav, att account anordningen hör kaner ätminstone frän en härdningsfläkt: till bäde härdningsavdelningen och en delaranordning (G, Ga, Gl) eller liknande, med hjälp av vilken luft bara account i give av dem. A furnace apparatus for carrying out the method of claim 1 having a separate tempering section (TS) and a separate cooling section (CS) slightly longer than glass and comprising at least one tempering blower and air ducts and nozzle arrays (CHP) for supplying blowing air to the glass. comprises channeling from at least one tempering fan to both the tempering compartment and the aftercooling compartment, and a divider, (G, Ga, Gl) or the like, by which the airflow of the fan (s) can be divided between or within the quenching compartment and the aftercooling compartment. 9. Ugnanordning enligt patentkrav 8 kännetecknad därav, att härdningsavdelningen: (TS) och efterkylningsavdelningen (CS) kan mosskopplas eller separeras fran varandra,, med hjälp av en locka (G) eller motsvarande spärrorgan. 12 1 1 6287 Oven installation according to Claim 8, characterized in that the hardening section (TS) and the cooling section (CS) can be connected or separated by means of a hatch (G) or a similar closing member. Oven installation according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that shut-off hatches are provided in the air ducts of the pop-up or post-cooling section to prevent air passage into the nozzle housings. 20 1. Förfarande för härdning och kylning av ett g las i en ugnanordning, där finns en. ·. : separat härdningsavdelning (TS) och en separat kylningsavdelning (CS) som är lite längre • · -än glas och account blink ugnanordning hör ätminstone en härdningsfläkt, samt luftkanaler; ; Science that munstyckearrangemang (CHP) for the conduit of the bläsningsluft glaset account, direct actions tecknat thereof, attunderglasetshärdningdelasiförfarandetfläktens / iläktamasluftström: * * '25 härdningsavdelningen account Science efterkylningsavdelningen sa, in that in härdningsavdelningen näs • ·' 'hundred kylningseffekt temperature of the glass thickness requires the amount SOM . ,:. 2. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1 kännetecknat därav, att med hjälp av justerings- • · | I. * ··. anordningar (G) i härdningsavdelningen (TS) delas luftmängd i en warmplig quota account 30 munstycken i härdningsavdelningen (TS) och munstycken i efterkylningsavdelningen Ϊ ;; (CS). * · T i | 9, 116287 10. The patented patent for use 8 eller 9 kanknetecknad därav, att det har till luftkanaler i härdningsavdelningen eller i efterkylningsavdelningen placerats spärrlockar, med hjälp av luftens Ström till munstyckehusen kan hindras. 5 10h ·