FI105488B - Method and arrangement for processing of filler- containing material, such as return fibre - Google Patents

Description

105488

A method and apparatus for treating a filler material such as recycled fiber

The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for treating recycled fiber and / or a fraction from a vortex purification as a plant object. As is known, there are sources of recycled fiber material in the so-called paper machine. A wreck that is a reusable raw material for the actual, differently used paper and board.

The invention is particularly directed to the treatment of such recycled fiber materials so that the fillers therein are recovered as much as possible and recycled as efficiently and economically as possible.

15 As a plant reject of a short-cycle 1 vortex cleaning plant, paper machines making filler-grade paper grades, and in particular coated paper grades, eliminate a large amount of mineral and pigment fractions which could be utilized as a raw material for paper but of a particle size.

On paper machines for SC and other filler grades, the short-circuited vortex cleaning of the plant refuse:: 25 tin the mineral fraction is the particle size of the mineral fraction, filler, coarse, generally greater than 10 μιη, to be added.

··· * ··· For coated grade paper machines, the mineral fraction leaving the process as a short # ·· 30 cycle plant slurry is mostly the undegradable coating layer of the coated wreck. The coating pigment is not · · · · dispersed / dispersed in the wreck disintegration system I · · ·. finely. The unrefined coating pigment, the grain 35 generally having a size of more than 10 µm, rejects in the vortex purification of a short t '"cycle.

• r ♦ «» 4 9 · • <| t I f «« «· • · 105488 2

The same is true for recycled pulp systems, where coated magazine paper or the like is heavily coated recycled paper raw material. In the pulping system for recycled pulp, the coating pigment of the coated paper 5 is detached from the main fiber layer of the paper in the form of more or less lamellar fractions which are partially crumbled by the process. However, the dispersion is incomplete and thus, the coating-tepigment particles which have not been crushed in the vortex purification of the sorting plant are removed from the process as a reject.

However, the bulk of the raw material composition would be a filler useful for papermaking, which may need to be added to the fiber suspension at a later stage of papermaking. However, on the part of Ko-15, these particles are such that they become problematic on the paper machine itself unless they are comminuted / dispersed and thus rendered suitable as a filler.

U.S. Patent 4,504,016 discloses a process and apparatus for sorting pulp. The basic problem is increasing the pulp yield in pulp production. In the process, cellulose is sorted, and the coarse fraction, i.e. branches and sticks, is processed in a mill and further sorted «« · · ''. Since this is a pulp making process, there are no other substances, such as fillers, in the process.

The patent also deals with the elimination of the hydrocyclone reject from the system.

1: 30 U.S. Patent 4,167,438 discloses a process and apparatus, e.g., of mixed recycled paper, /. for the manufacture and purification of fibrous material. Ko.

The 9 9 1 patent discloses the joint return of both fibers and fillers. It does not disclose the application of the process for separating and treating the pulp fraction alone with> 1 · 1 · 1 · filler fraction.

• · ·

«I I

»• · 1 I M« · 3 105488

In the solution of the invention, the filler / mineral loss exiting the vortex purification plant subject is reduced by treating a fraction of the mineral composition in a vortex purification plant to comminute and reintroduce the mineral fractions into the process.

Among the advantages of the method and apparatus of the invention, it is worth mentioning e.g. The following: 10 - Filler / mineral, water, chemical, heat and fiber losses are minimized. Only the non-usable and non-usable fraction is removed in a highly concentrated form.

15 - Dispersion of mineral particles is based on the internal shear forces of the sus pension, i.e. there is little mechanical wear.

The investment costs of the system are extremely low. The technical implementation takes place on known commercial equipment with a short payback time.

The system is easy to implement, that is, it can also be added to existing systems by adding a fractional separator and an organic fractionator after the last Cleaner step, and a new type of purifier that eliminates undercurrent in a highly concentrated form, ·· j · 'after mineral fractions disintegrating treatment * 9 m ...................

-1V. 30 steps.

* «I

- The processing is carried out, for example, in a paper machine, within a short cycle process, as a machine-specific »· · - process, without mixing, for example

r i I

water circulation between machines.

I “35 - The system is a continuous part of the paper machine 11« ΐΜι! cold circulation or sorting system. Unlike t a · «· ·« «« | · »A 1 f M« a 4 105488 which means the process conditions are Constant and the operation is smooth.

The process itself adjusts itself, for example, if the amount of coarse fraction increases, the system returns to the 5 process only the finely divided fraction and the remainder leaves the system.

Characteristic features of the method and apparatus of the invention will be apparent from the appended claims.

In the following, the method and apparatus of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which Figures 1a and Ib show two prior art filler handling systems, Figure 2 illustrates a filler handling system according to a preferred embodiment, a treatment system, Figure 4 illustrates a filler handling system according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention, Figure 5 shows a filler handling system according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 6 shows a filler treatment system according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the invention, Fig. 7 shows a filler treatment system according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the invention, fs ": Fig. 8 shows a filler processing system according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the invention, Fig. 9 shows a modification of the system shown in Fig. 8, and Figs. 10a-c show a magnified photograph of the apparatus of Fig. 8. 35 feed material and both fractions obtained from the arc screen.

i i * i ·

1 «I

I I «t <i« 4 t »I« 5 105488

An example of a solution known in the art for reducing filler / mineral loss is, for example, the solution model of Fig. 1a. It minimizes mineral wastage by fractionating all of the fines, i.e., from the effluent leaving the process. a usable solid size back into the process. The described apparatus operates in such a way that the flow exiting the process is applied to the arc screen 10, so-called. Hydra-Screen, which divides the flow into two fractions. The coarser fraction is fed to the intermediate vessel 10 to the bed 12 and the finer fraction to the filtrate vessel 14. The finer fraction from the filtrate vessel 14 is pumped by a pump 16 to a secondary stage arc screen 18, the so-called. The Micra-Screen, the coarser fraction of which is fed to the intermediate container 12 and the finer fraction, is a virtually pure liquid and is accompanied by a fine filler for re-use, for example in the dilutions needed in the process. The fraction removed from the intermediate container 12 as a reject of the curved screens 10 and 18 is pumped by pump 20, for example, to a filter press 22 to precipitate a coarse fraction to a more useful consistency. As a Frak-20 thionizer, not only arc screen 10 as in Figure 1a, but also small-gap / slot pressure sorter or vortex cleaners (Figure ib) can be used as generally

<«I

so-called sand extraction trap-cleaners.

Il _ «I. ; The material to be treated according to Fig. Ib is obtained on the third or fourth steps of the vortex purification plant 32 · · ·; reject, which reject the fine fraction back into use. The material reject from the vortex cleaning plant is fed by a pump 34 to an arc screen 36, preferably 30 ns. Micra-Screen, which accepts the liquid, ie the filtrate, into a wire well or, for example, to dilute a secondary screen. 36 reject of arc screen, ie precipitate «·. · .--- = ΞΓΤ1-Γ. - - "·; · 'is led to the suction side of pump 38, from where it is further pumped to cleaner 39, preferably so-called. Eliminator-35 cleaner disclosed in, for example, U.S. Patent No. 5,139,652. The acceptor of the cleaner 39 is led to the suction side 30 of the third or fourth stage 32 of the vortex cleaner 105488 6 for pumping into the circulation.

However, all of these prior art methods are characterized in that they do not alter / refine the particle size / distribution of the solid to be treated, but merely separate the fine and as such useful and coarse fraction and return the fine fraction to use.

10

The process for grinding / dispersing mineral fractions according to the invention is characterized in that it is based on the mechanically generated shear forces in the flow / suspension. In order for the shear forces inside the suspension to have a finishing effect, i.e. sufficient power, the concentration of the suspension must be high. The principle is that the higher the concentration, the more effective the treatment is, that is, the greater the shear forces it is possible to apply to the suspension and the more efficient the dispersion is.

I I I I

. Raising the concentration of mineral fractions to a high level is 4 «(most convenient with the new type of vortex cleaner structure described in U.S. Patent No. 5,139,652, which has 25% of the highest sorting efficiency, but less than 10 μια). · · In a highly concentrated flow with a solids content of more than 40%.

30 The concentration of the fraction to be treated can be increased '. also for example by filtration or settling, but all these other methods are characterized by, · that they require additional equipment and / or large volumes: Λ- and are quite difficult to implement in a continuous trouble-free process. Concentration of the mineral fraction by a new type of vortex cleaner • occurs in connection with the normal operation of the other vortex cleaner without any additional equipment.

The precipitation i.e. after raising the solids concentration, the mineral fraction is treated with mechanical agitator elements or grinders which produce high shear forces within the suspension. Under the effect of shear forces, the mineral particles rub against each other and comminute to their particle size as a filler suitable for making paper.

Figures 2 and 3 show two process alternatives that differ from each other after the particle grinding step. In both cases, the material to be treated is obtained as a rough reject of the final 32 steps of the vortex cleaning plant. The refracted coarse fraction is introduced via pump 44 to a first reject fractionation step in a purifier 46, preferably a so-called reflux fraction. Eliminator-Cleaner 20, wherein the separated fines are returned to the feed of pump 30 for re-fractionation in a vortex cleaning plant 32. and the coarse fraction is introduced into the high consistency homogeneous blending device 48 of the Eliminator-Cleaner 46 projection, where the rotor (s), propellers, or the like blend it to produce motion velocities, i.e. shear forces, which cause the material to be comminuted.

In the solution of Figure 2, after the comminution step in the mixer / comminution device 48 30, the mixture is diluted, - *. pumped by pump 50 into the final fractionation step of the filler treatment process into a purifier 52, preferably 7; Eliminator-Cleaner and Fine Mineral Fractions:: fractionated with a vortex cleaner 52, from which the useful fractions are accepted so that they can be returned to the pump 30 for reprocessing in a vortex purifier 32, and the coarse fraction is either re-treated or completely reject.

In the solution of Figure 3, the separation of the usable and coarse fraction after the comminution and dilution is done by a screen type apparatus 54, described in the so-called "screen". Micra-Screen, wherein the screen surface openings are selected such that the fraction of granule passed through is of a useful size for return to the pump 30 and the coarse fraction 10 remaining on the screen surface is removed from the process or diverted for further processing.

Naturally, the process of comminuting the mineral fractions and recovering the comminuted fractions can also be carried out in two or more steps. Naturally, the coarse fraction which is not dispersed in the first 15 milling operations can be reprocessed and thus further reduce the amount of mineral wastes exiting the process, Figures 4-7.

Figure 4 illustrates an alternative to the embodiments of Figures 2 and 3, more particularly the posterior portion thereof. In other words, the reject from the purifier 46 'is discharged in high consistency to the mixing / comminuting device 48' where after the comminution step the material is diluted and fed by pump 44 'to the next purifier 46 ". 48 "and after the comminution step and dilution by pump 50 to a third purifier 46 '", of which: the accept is fed, as well as from purifier 46 "to re-use or any previous purification / fractionation step (purifier 46). 'input shown as an example).

Fig. 5 shows the connection of two purifiers 56 and 56 'so that the reject of the latter purifier 56' can not only be completely removed from the system but also derive, for example, part of it. mixing / shredding container i 9 105488 58 for re-shredding, whereby material loss can in principle be completely avoided.

Figure 6 illustrates an embodiment in which a plurality of successive mixing / shredding devices 68, 68 'and 68 "are provided after the cleaner 66 5. Following the three-stage grinding just described, the material is led by pump 50 to a cleaner 66' whose accept is recycled or 10 66 for feed prior to pump 44. The reject, in turn, is completely removed or further processed separately, however, it is quite possible that the reject of purifier 66 'is also returned to some previous grinding step for further grinding. three, depending on the need.

Similarly, the comminution process itself can be done either in a single step or in a multi-step process, and at least in theory, it would also be possible to recycle the coarse fraction so that everything, including any sand <i f; and other impurities, comminuted and recycled

I I

:, r: / sin so that the system is completely closed.

I -

i «I

Figure 7 further shows an embodiment in which the reject of the purifier - *. ·. * 76 is led to a mixer / comminution device ι'ϊ: 78, which comprises a plurality of overlapping mixing zones. This mixing / grinding apparatus 78 is comminuted. the material is then pumped to the final 50 fractions · · 30 stages into purifier 79. The purpose is to finely •. material more efficiently than in a single-stage mixing vessel.

* * * r:

For the embodiments illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, an alternative of r 35 is shown in Figure 8. In Figure 8, the final vortex | The coarse reject of tin stage 32, which may have an ash content of up to 60-80%, is pumped by pump 80 preferably with 10 105488 recirculated water with a minimum of solids, for example, a clear filtrate S of fiber recovery diluted with arc screen 82, e.g. Micra-screen, for feeding. The screen surface of the arc screen 82 is 5, for example, with a screen width of 100 μιη. With the coarse sieve 82, the feed stream is divided into precipitate and filtrate. The precipitate removes all coarse fiber, stick and impurity fractions. The filler particles and 10% of the water that pass through said 100µm openings enter the filtrate. The filtrate of the arc screen 82 is fed by pump 84, preferably diluted with circulating water S with minimal solids, to the feed of the vortex cleaners 86. The acceptor of vortex cleaners 86, which is predominantly water and a fine filler fraction of less than 10 μιη 15, is returned, for example, to the final vortex purge stage feed to pump 88 or to wreck deposition (dashed line B). The vortex purifier stage 86 comprises a particle size of more than 10 µm filler fraction at a high solids content of about 40-50%. Said litter is led, for example, by free fall to dispersion device 90, where the solids particles in the litter are subjected to I (subjected to strong shear forces. 25 usable filler fractions less than 10 μιη.

i: · · · · · V: In the disperser 90, the comminuted filler fraction is pumped by pump 84 to the feed of a vortex cleaning stage 86, which operates as described above. Thus, · · · · *: *: 30 mateless filler fractions can be recycled into dispersants *. in device 90 and vortex cleaners 86 until \ m 'until the filler particles are comminuted to use | j ··· 'out size.

Figure 9 shows an alternative to Figure 8. The only significant difference from Figure 8 is that instead of the arc screen, a pressure screen 92 is used which, like the arc screen 105, sorts the reject from the vortex purifier 32 into a coarse fraction to be removed from the process and the . It should be noted, however, that the use of pressure sorter 92 avoids the use of pump 84 of FIG. 8, since the fine fraction from the pressure sorter can be directly fed to vortex cleaners 86. Another difference from FIGURE 9 to FIGURE 8 is that directly back to the vortex cleaners as in Figure 8.

Of course, also in the solutions shown in Figures 8 and 9, several splitting steps and dispersing steps can be connected sequentially, for example, as in Fig. 4. Further, it is also possible to derive the comminuted material from the dispersant 90, for example into a new dispensing step 94 (the whole process is depicted by dashed lines 20 because of its alternative nature), from which the useful fines are recovered and the coarse fraction reject. , and removed from the system.

«· ·« «· T

The image sequence 10a - c shows the process arc screen input a t 25 (Fig. 10a), the filtrate (Fig. 10b) and the reject (Fig. 10c).

1 4 4; j · * It is clearly seen that all the fiber-containing fraction and large filler particles in the feed of Fig. 10a are reject in Fig. 10c and the filtrate, Fig. 10b, contains only a filler fraction.

iT: 30 yrs

As can be seen from many of the above-described * * - differing embodiments, a new and unknown method and apparatus 9 has been developed to handle recycled fiber material with as much of it as possible. of the existing filler would be recovered and reused. First of all, it should be noted that all of the devices described in the figures and mentioned in the specification are connected to each other by suitable flow paths, either as shown in the figures, as shown in the description or as claimed. It should be further noted that the foregoing embodiments are merely examples of many variations of the invention without any purpose limiting the invention to the embodiments shown. Thus, it will be appreciated that while the above embodiments illustrate a container 10 with one or more mixing / grinding rotors disposed therein, mills or mill type mills known per se may also be used as the grinding device. It is also to be understood that the details described in connection with the various embodiments are applicable, mutatis mutandis, to other embodiments without further mention. Thus, the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

i 1 s · I {t V i.

f · a a ·· *:: a • f · · * a a • a · • a · a · · f I t • a «# • · · t: * I * <

III

i «* li * f« {I f I «·

I I

r I

Claims (35)

A method of treating materials containing fillers, such as recycled fiber material consisting of paper, coated paper, cardboard and / or projections, in connection with a multi-stage vortex-cleaning plant (32) in the circulation of production devices producing said products, The liquid purification plant (32) is divided into two fractions, of which the finer fraction is added to the production process and the coarser fraction consisting of fibers, lace and mineral or filler, ie. the refuse is brought to fractionation, where it is further fractionated, so that the fine fraction is returned for reuse and the coarser, mineral-containing fraction is passed on, characterized in that the mineral-containing reject is dispersed in said further processing (48, 48: 58, 68.68 ', 68 ", 78); <·: - the dispersed material is passed to a fractionation step (52, 54, 46'", 56 ', J'V 66', 79), where ··· - the the dispersed material is divided into two fractions, of which: <: |: - the fine fraction is returned to the process. • · · • · · i · i Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the reject is carried before the dispersion step to a first fractionation step (46, 46 ', 56, 66, 76), where it is divided into · · · ···. two fractions, of which the fine fraction is returned to the vortex purification plant (32) and t · · •. the coarse fraction is added to the dispersion step (48.48 ', 58.68.68', 68 ", 78). The filter fraction is returned to the preceding process, e.g. The vortex purification plant (32), and the coarse fraction is passed to a second dispersion step (48 ") prior to the following fractionation step (46" '). The method of claim 2, characterized in that the dispersion step (48') is followed by a second fractionation step (46 "). "), wherein the material is divided into two fractions, of which the fine fraction is returned to the first fractionation step (46 ') and the coarse fraction is passed to a second dispersion step (48") before the next fractionation step (46' "). Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coarse fraction from the fractionation step (46 ") after the dispersion step (48 ') is passed to one or more dispersion / fractionation systems (48", 46' "). Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least part of the coarse fraction from the fractionation step (56 ') after the dispersion step (58) is returned to the dispersion step. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the coarse fraction from the last fractionation step (56 ') after the dispersion step (58) is returned to the dispersion step (58). Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of dispersion steps (68, "68 ', 68"; 78) are coupled one after the other without any fractionation step between them. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispersed fraction is diluted before being passed to the fractionation step (46 ", 46" ', 52.54.56', 66 ', 79). Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the coarse fraction is discharged from the fractionation step (46.46 ', 46 ", 56.66.76) at a consistency of more than 30% to the dispersion step (48.48', 48", 58 , 68 ', 78). • · · ··· _ _ _ • · • · • · · 11. Process for the treatment of filler-containing materials, such as recycled fiber material, consisting of paper, coated paper and / or cardboard, in which process the recycled fiber material is treated in a vortex-cleaning plant (32) in the silage of a • · • '·· , Recovery material system, wherein the material is divided into two fractions, of which the finer, fibrous fraction is returned to ether use and the coarser, mineral-containing fraction, ie. The rejects are passed on for further processing, characterized in that the mineral-containing rejects are dispersed at said further processing (48,48 ', 58,68,68', 68 ", 78) in connection with the vortex cleaning plant (32). Process according to Claim 11, characterized in that the dispersed material is taken to a fractionation step, from which the fine fraction is taken for re-use. Process according to claim 11, characterized in that the dispersion step (90) is followed by a fractionation step, wherein the material is divided into two fractions, of which the fine fraction is returned to the preceding process, e.g. to the vortex purification plant (32), and the coarse fraction is passed to a second dispersion step for the following fractionation step. Process according to claim 11, characterized in that the coarse fraction is discharged from the fractionation step (46, 46 ', 46 ", 56, 66, 76) at a consistency of more than 30% to the dispersion step (48,48', 48" , 58, 68 ', 78). 15. Devices for processing filler-containing materials, such as 20 recycled fiber materials consisting of paper, coated paper, cardboard and / or projections in connection with a multi-stage vortex-cleaning plant (32) in the circulation of a production device producing said products, which devices include: equipment located in connection with the vortex cleaning plant (32) for fractionating «· *: the material which continues to the vortex cleaning plant (32) into a fibrous fraction and a mineral and / or filler containing fraction and devices for further processing of the mineral containing characterized in that the devices for treating the: mineral and / or filler-containing fraction are formed by at least one stirrer: 48: / dispersant (48,48 ', 48 ", 58,68,68', 68", 78) . . ***. Devices according to claim 15, characterized in that the devices are further 1; comprises a fractionation device (46, 46 ', 46 ", 56, 66, 76) prior to the agitator / disperser (48,48', 48", 58,68,68 ', 68 ", 78). • · · • «« «<I · • · • • • · · · • ·« · · 21 105488 Devices according to claim 15, characterized in that the devices further comprise a fractionation device (52, 54, 56 ', 46 "', 66 ', 79) which follows the stirring / dispersing device (48,48', 48", 58,68 , 68 ', 68 ", 78) in the process. Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the fractionation device (46,46 ', 46 ", 56,66, 76) is a vortex separator. Devices according to claim 17, characterized in that the fractionation device (52,56 ', 46' ", 66 ', 79) is a vortex separator. 10 Devices according to claim 17, characterized in that the fractionation device (54) is a screening device which is based on the use of a screen plate with heels or slits, e.g. a beaker or pressure strainer. Devices according to claim 15, characterized in that the devices comprise a pump (44), a fractionation device (46), a stirring / dispersing device (48), a pump (50) and a fractionation device (52, 54). Devices according to claim 15, characterized in that the devices comprise a pump (44), a fractionation device (46 '), a stirring / dispersing device (48'), a pump (441). a fractionator (46 "), a stirrer / disperser (48"), a pump (50) and a fractionator (46 ""). 4 Devices according to claim 15, characterized in that the devices comprises a pump (44), a fractionation arrangement (56), a stirrer / disperser (58), a pump (50) and a fractionation device (56 '), /. The stirrer / disperser (58). »« · · · · • · · « Devices according to claim 15, characterized in that the devices comprise a pump (44), a fractionation device (66), at least two stirring / dispersing devices (68, 68 ', 68' "), a pump (50) and a fractionation device (66 '). • · · • «« «« «« • · • · • · · m «« • · • it •' • · 22 105488 Devices according to claim 15, characterized in that the devices comprise a pump (44), a fractionation device (76), a stirrer / disperser (78) having at least two stages, a pump (50) and a fractionation device (79). Devices according to claim 15, characterized in that the agitator / dispersing device (48, 48 ', 48 ", 58,68,68', 68", 78) is constituted by a container provided with at least one agitator, preferably a rotor. . Devices according to claim 15, characterized in that the agitator / dispersing device (48, 48 ', 48 ", 58, 68, 68', 68", 78) is a disc, cone or quill type grinder. 28. Devices for treating filler-containing materials, such as recycled fiber material consisting of paper, coated paper and / or cardboard, in conjunction with the sealing of a recycled pulp system, which comprises a vortex purification plant (32) for fractionating the recycled fiber material into a fibrous fiber fraction. a mineral-containing reject fraction and devices for further processing of the mineral-containing reject fraction, characterized in that the device for processing the mineral-containing reject fraction comprises at least one agitator / disperser (48,48 ', 48 ", 58,68,68', 68", 78 , 90). Devices according to claim 28, characterized in that the devices further comprise a fractionation device (46, 46 ', 46 ", 56, 66, 76, 86) which increases the concentration of the mineral-containing reject and is located before the agitator. The '25 / dispersing device (48.48 ', 48 ", 58.68.68', 68", 78.90). The devices according to claim 28, characterized in that the devices further: T: comprises a fractionation device (52, 54, 46 "', 56', 66 ', 79, 94) for carrying out the last fractionation step after the agitator / disperser (48, 48', 48", 58, 68). 68 ',; ···; 30 68 ", 78.90). <»« · 1 · • · • · • · · ·. Devices according to claim 29, characterized in that the fractionation device * (♦, 46 ', 46 ", 56,66,76,86) which increases the concentration is constituted by a vortex separator. · • · · • 1 9 9 9 23 105488 Apparatus according to claim 30, characterized in that the fractionation device (52,54,46 '", 56', 66 ', 79,94) is a vortex separator. Devices according to claim 28, characterized in that the fractionation device 5 (86) is preceded by a screening device (82, 92) based on the use of a plate with heels or slits, e.g. a back strainer or a pressure strainer. Devices according to claim 28, characterized in that the devices comprise at least one pump (80), a first fractionation device (82, 92), a second fractionation device (86), a stirring / dispersing device (90) and flow channels connecting them. Devices according to claim 28, characterized in that the devices further comprise a pump (84) prior to the fractionation device (86). 15 aii <«« · I · «· ·« · 11 «« • «I •« · • a • · aaa • · a · »« «« • · · «« · • * · «M aaa • a · • · · aaaa • aa «aa • · • av * *« «« I • «« I «« <I «a« · · · 4 4 1 I 4 · a · aa · • ra • a