FI104530B - Process for mechanical first-time thinning and a logging machine using the process - Google Patents

Description

104530

METHOD IN FIRST THRILLING AND CUTTING APPLIANCE

The present invention relates to a method of mechanical first thinning and to a harvester applying the method using a feller head or grapple harvester through a boom apparatus of a base machine for felling and felling trees, and most preferably also pruning before harvesting parallel to the hull, i.e., directly picked up to form bundles, which are dropped at selected locations to await transit.

The number of early thinning stands is rapidly increasing due to the lack of a suitable harvester in the industry. Using conventional harvesters is uneconomical. Usually one fifth of the stand is cut down due to the track. In this case, half of the pruning accumulation of the first thinning is from the track, whereby thinning quality 20 suffers significantly as freedom of choice decreases and the financial yield of the forest decreases. In addition, large machines damage the remaining forest. Usually after felling, the trees are felled towards the forest, whereby the fallen tree may damage other trees.

US Patent No. 4,838,328 (OSA AB) discloses a method of thinning the forest which avoids the thinning deterioration described above. Wide treads are made quite apart, but a custom-made harvester 9 30 travels back and forth between the tracks along a kind of ghost grooves that are not straightforward but rotate with good-quality trees. The ghost grooves are about every 10 meters. The harvester ~ «, ···, fell into trees at each of its workstations, leaving« bunches of ghosts in the ghost grooves. These bundles are collected. 35 other custom-built machines, a special • • * ♦ · '· ”tractor specializing in picking up these small bundles • · over * ·': and assembling them into a larger stack on the tramline. Both the Hakki 104530 2 month machine and the forwarder are narrow so that they do not require a wide tramline, thus saving as much as possible on the lawn. The disadvantage of this method is that it requires two special machines.

5 U.S. Patent 4,144,918 discloses a wood chipper in its own cargo space. The load compartment is open at one end only. The entire machine is turned in the direction of the wood to be repaired, since it has no turning frame.

10 U.S. Patent Nos. 3,797,541 and 3,610,300 disclose some abrasive harvesters. However, these are quite heavy machines and are not suitable for thinning at all. Generally, log handling machines are quite clumsy when handling small wood.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved method and harvester for first thinning felling. Characteristic features of the method according to the invention are set forth in claim 1 of the appended claims and features of the corresponding harvester are set out in claim 3. The invention is an improvement on the method of the aforementioned US 4,838,328.

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One special-purpose harvester is sufficient to transport the trees along the track. After that, efficient existing forwarders can be used for local transportation.

* * Transport is effected by means of a load space formed on the underside of the base machine, where the trees can be cut quite smoothly. Other embodiments, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following embodiment.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: (

Figure 1 illustrates a treatment stand between tramlines

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i! , ·. Fig. 2 is a side view of the harvester according to the invention. Fig. 3 is an end view of the machine of Fig. 2.

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In Figure 1, reference numeral 1 denotes the tree to be treated, numeral 2 its trees, numeral 3 the harvester according to the invention, numeral 5 conventional tramlines and numerals 6, 6 'and 6 "ghost grooves. The conventional tramlines 5, 4 m wide much further from current practice, the recommended spacing is 60 m (40-80 m). In poor forests the spacing is longer than normal, thus leaving very few trees that would otherwise be saved. A narrow and elongated harvester 3 runs along ghost grooves. -10 trees to be cut The cut trees are picked up directly and when the load space is full, the trees are dropped into the tramline. designed for efficient short distance transportation.

In Figures 2 and 3, the lower part of the harvester 3 is denoted by reference numeral 11, and the upper part mounted on it by the hinged table 16 and the pivot ring 15 is designated by the reference numeral 15. The lower part 11 is fitted with wheels 20. These can be used in pairs for additional loading capacity if desired. The bogie 13 is pivotable to the side of the body, whereby the load compartment 18 can be positioned «· · · ;;; low. The bogies 13 are provided with a known type of control mechanism by which the desired bogie can be stiffened to a selected position. This can correct a slight tilt.

• • · · ·, "Control is the so-called sliding guidance to the other side of • · · '· *' braked wheels, while the drive is controlled by the other side..

> ··· V * 30 Upper part 14 is provided with a cab 15, behind it a motor 14 • · · rf ψ 'and a boom device 9 supporting a grapple harvester 10. The boom 9 and grapple harvester 10 may be some of the available models: of course lighter end. Boom 9 and grapple. ' . however, no rotator is needed between harvester 10 because

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! 35 Logged wood is always lifted to the tramline and not • • • * * dropped there.

104530 4

As shown in Figure 3, the cross-section of the lower part 11 is mainly filled by a cargo compartment 18 with a transfer conveyor 19 at its bottom. This load can be discharged to the desired side.

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The machine is preferably elongated and has a length to width ratio of 1.7 to 2.5. The cargo space preferably has a cross-section of 1.5 to 2 m2 and a length of 3.5 to 4.5 m.

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Claims: 1. A method of mechanical first thinning using a felling head or grapple harvester (10) through a boom assembly (9) of a base machine (8) for felling and pruning the trees, and most preferably also pruning before collecting the treated wood into the base. a longitudinal intermediate transport space (18) parallel to the hull, i.e., directly picked up to form bundles (7), which are dropped into selected locations to await transit, characterized in that the trees are moved by a pivot ring (15) substantially upright after cutting, ) the traction line, after which they are cut off, if necessary pruned and fed to the si-25 in a manner known per se in said intermediate transport space.

Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the tramlines (5) suitable for local transport are formed at intervals of 40-80 m, and the first thinning harvester travels back and forth between the two tramlines (5) at intervals of approximately 10 m. and the assembled bundles (7) are left on said tramlines (5).

A harvesting machine (3) for first thinning, comprising: a cab (14) with a cab (14), a boom assembly (9) 5 104530 and a grab harvester (10) supported thereon, the chassis (8) having a pivot assembly (15) 9) and the cab (14) is mounted, wherein the lower part (11) comprises wheel chassis and wheel suspensions and a longitudinal load compartment (18), characterized in that the load compartment is open at both ends and the pivot ring (15) is arranged on the load compartment The bar (10) can be used to pull trees directly at both ends of the load compartment (18).

Harvester (3) according to Claim 3, characterized in that the pivoting ring (15) is located on the pivot table (16), by means of which the cab can be pivoted horizontally with the platform (8) up or down.

A harvester (3) according to claim 3, characterized in that the motor and hydraulic unit of the chassis (8) are located on the pivoting ring (15) behind the cab (15).

Harvester (3) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a conveyor (19) is provided at the bottom of the load compartment (18) for emptying the load.

Harvester (3) according to one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the chassis of the chassis comprises eight wheels (12) arranged in the front and rear axles (13).

Harvester (3) according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the machine is elongated and has a length to width ratio of 1.7 to 2.5.

Harvester (3) according to one of Claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the cargo space has a cross-section of 1.5 to 2 m2.

Claims (9)

1. A method of first mechanical thinning, according to which, using the boom equipment (9) of the sub-machine (8), trap heads or grapple harvesters (10) are used, with which the trees are felled and cut and most probably also pruned before cutting, and where the treated trees is collected in a bottom part of the sub-machine (8) formed in the longitudinal middle transport space (18) in the direction of the chassis, ie it is harvested directly to form the bundles (7), which bundles are removed at selected places to wait for intermediate transport, characterized in that the trees after the cutting by means of the turning ring (15) are moved substantially upright to the direction of travel while maintaining the direction of travel of the sub-machine (8), whereupon they are cut, if necessary, spotted and in a known manner measured into the said intermediate transport space. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving distance (5) for the near transport is designed with a space of 40-80 m and the machine carrying out the first thinning is driven forward and eats between two driving points (5) along the phantom drive (6). lying with young. 10 meters apart and the collected bundles (7) are left along said driving lines (5). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 A first thinning harvester (3), which comprises a sub-machine (8) equipped with an operating cab (14), 3 boom equipment (9) and a gripper harvester (10) supported therein, 4 which sub-machine (8) has a reversing ring (15). ) on which the boom equipment (9) and the operating cabin (14) are mounted, the lower 6 part (11) comprising the wheel chassis and the suspension of the wheels as well as the elongated cargo space (18), characterized in that the 8 cargo space in both ends is open and the turning ring (15) on top of 9 the cargo space is arranged so that with the gripper harvester (10) it is possible to cut trees directly to the cargo space (18) from both ends. 11 7 104530 Harvester (3) according to claim 3, characterized in that the reversing ring (15) is placed on the control table (16), whereby the operating cab can be set in a horizontal position when the sub-machine (8) starts up or down. 5 Harvester (3) according to claim 3, characterized in that the motor and hydraulic equipment of the sub-machine (8) are placed on top of the turntable (15) behind the operating cab (15). Harvester (3) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a conveyor (19) for emptying the load is provided on the bottom of the cargo space (18). 6 104530 Harvester (3) according to any one of claims 15 to 6, characterized in that the sub-machine wheel equipment comprises 8 wheels (12) which are divided into front and rear bogies (13). Harvester (3) according to any one of claims 20 to 7, characterized in that the machine is longitudinally narrow, the length ratio to width is about 1.7 - 2.5. Harvester (3) according to any of claims 3-8, characterized in, the cut-through of the cargo space is 1.5 - 2 25 m2. 30