FI100283B - COUPLING - Google Patents

Description

100283

The present invention relates to a manual switching device according to the preamble of claim 1 for controlling electrical devices.

In the case of switches for electrical equipment, the position of the switch must be ensured, ie the state of the switch must be ensured in such a way that the state does not change by itself. Switching on the electrical device by itself, for example as a result of moving the switch due to vibration or strong vibration, can cause even serious dangers if the device starts up unintentionally. Connecting electricity to the circuit can also be dangerous, for example during maintenance work.

15 Moving the switch to the O position, that is, the off position, can result in hardware damage if the actuators stop uncontrollably. For these reasons, it must be ensured, for example, by spring-loaded devices that the hardware switches remain in the on and off position.

The clutch can be secured, for example, by means of a cam connected to the steering shaft of the clutch, to which a spring-loaded crank is connected. The crank has a guide groove that fits a guide pin attached to the frame structure of the switch-25. Palm spring • · ·; is fitted around the palm and between the guide pin and the attachment point of the palm and * ”'· cam. When the clutch is in the on or off position, the spring holds the clutch in place and the guide shaft cannot be inadvertently rotated. When the guide shaft is turned, the spring. . ·. squeezes between the guide pin and the cam head. When the cam is turned to the top dead center of the palm, the buckling point of the cam field is reached, and when the cam turns over the top dead center, the spring pushes the cam with its guide shafts to another 35 position.

2 100283 This switch design has some weaknesses. Although the spring keeps the switch at the ends of the transfer range in a clearly correct position, the operation of the switch is quite vague in the middle of the transfer range. At the upper dead center 5 of the cam and palm, the spring force is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the palm and cam and thus applies to the guide shaft and the guide pin, and there is no force in the direction of rotation of the guide shaft. Thus, a vague position of the switch is formed at this point, where the switch may remain when carelessly used. Friction between the different parts makes this position vague and causes the clutch to remain in this intermediate position relatively easily. Because the intermediate position is at the top dead center of the crank mechanism, the position is highly labile. Thus, the switch left in the intermediate position easily moves from this intermediate position to one of the two extreme positions, for example due to a small vibration. Such a change in the position of the switch can cause, for example, unintentional starting of the equipment or switching on the circuit, which should be disconnected. This naturally causes 20 dangerous situations.

In addition to the above, the weakness of the switch is that the speed of movement of the switch is dependent on the controller. This feature degrades the electrical values of the switch. When the switch is operated:. * · 25 for example with too little force, the connection does not take place: T: fast enough to ignite an arc between the contact surfaces, which may destroy the switch very quickly,. . *. because, of course, the longer the arc burns, the greater the amount of energy that is always released in the arc. In addition, • · · 30 switches can be intentionally misused by holding. the switch in a position where the connection can just * * · take place via an arc. It is clear that improper • · · * ·) * destruction of the switch very quickly.

Finnish patent 93502 describes a switching device in which a movable slider with contact surfaces adapted to co-operate with fixed contact surfaces of the switch is arranged in a straight line in the switch body. A spring excitation plate movable in parallel with it is connected to the slider by means of at least one spring-like element, so that when the excitation plate is moved, the springs force the slider to move accordingly. This device provides reliable and fast switching as well as a clear indication of the position, but due to the structure of its contact surfaces, the device is suitable for reasonably small currents.

The object of the present invention is to provide a switch structure which clearly and securely settles in the cut-off position and the switch-on position when the switch is used and which has knife-like contact surfaces.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a switch structure in which the actuator always remains in a position from which the state of the switch can be deduced and which controls the contacts 20 at a high, user-independent speed.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a switch which has small operating clearances and precise operation.

The invention is based on the fact that the contact bridge t / · ί of the switch is controlled by a torque device symmetrical with respect to the control element.

4 t I ♦ * · f · · More precisely, the switching device 30 according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the claims. in the characterizing part of Agreement 1.

t (· * · • * · * * · • · The invention provides considerable advantages.

35 The symmetrical torque device makes the contact bridge move in its center line and the slides 4 100283 that move it move in different directions, thus minimizing the elastic and clearance seams. The clearances in the gear transmission between the guide member and the slides can be minimized. Thus, the operation of the switch is precise. The torque is evenly distributed over the two torque devices and the trigger cams and slider spring cage ramps do not wear out so quickly.

The wear of the spring cams and deck stops of the slides also decreases as the load is distributed. Reducing the strain on the cover stops and the spring cams of the slide is particularly important because they have a small surface area and the cams must hold the slides in place when the springs are tuned until the moment of release. Thanks to the symmetrical design, the moving contacts face the fixed contact at the same time, which is important when closing against a short circuit and switching off 15 currents. Thanks to the simultaneous connection, the contacts also wear evenly. The position indication is accurate and reliable and the position indication stops push the obstacles on both sides of the bridge.

20 The controller remains in the centerline because it controls two torque devices with similar torques simultaneously.

This prevents the guide member from flexing to the side. Because there are two slides, the load on the gearing drops by half. In the axial direction of the guide member, more space is left for the movement of the bridge and the larger opening distance. The guide can be embedded deep inside the bridge because, due to the symmetrical moment an - '. ···, it is not subjected to lateral forces which,. ·. would cause friction and interfere with the precise operation of the clutch. A long adjustment range is provided on the shaft of the control element, * «♦ 30 whereby the knob is firmly attached to the long shaft and the supply of special shafts is avoided. Slide control track pairs that move the bridge »♦ · '• y' can be made with a large pitch angle i • 'due to the different movements of the slides. It is particularly advantageous to make the guide grooves with a variable pitch angle

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35 for example as an arc of a circle.

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- · · il · 5 100283

Thanks to the two torque devices, the clutch still works even if the other torque device is damaged or the position limiter is worn or otherwise broken. In this case, however, the second torque device has to receive twice the load, and it naturally wears out faster. However, the feature described above allows the service life of the switch to be extended, if necessary, in cases where a slightly damaged switch cannot be replaced immediately. The feature also improves reliability and operational safety, 10 since there is no sudden damage and inoperability of the switch, and switching on and off can usually be done even with a slightly damaged switch.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is an exploded view of one switch according to the invention.

20

Figure 2 shows a part of the parts of the device of Figure 1 connected to each other.

Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a part of the parts of the device 25 of Fig. 1 connected to each other.

• i · • · · • · • ·; Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of a part of the parts of the device of Fig. 1 connected to each other.

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Figure 5 shows a partial section of the device of Figure 1.

. . ·. The switch housing consists of a cover 1 and a body 2. The cover • · · sa l has mounting strips 4 which fit into the holes in the body 2 and secure the cover in place. Usually, the cover 1 and the body 2 form a closed body with only the bushings for the cables, but in the figures shown here, the openings are made in open sections in order to illustrate the operation of the coupling parts.

The exploded view of Figure 1 shows the main parts 5 of the switch. The fixed contacts 11 and the extinguishing plates 13 are fixed to the body 2 and a movable contact bridge 20 is arranged between them so that the bridge contacts 12 are below the fixed contacts 11 and between the extinguishing plates. The guide 6 is fitted in the opening in the bridge 20 and 10 slides 9 are arranged on both sides of the guide pins 17 of the bridge 20, in which grooves 18 the triggers 10 are placed so that the flanges 19 of the triggers 10 are in the grooves 18 of the slides 9. The slides 9 and triggers 10 also have space for torque springs 8 for. Slides, triggers and 15 springs form the clutch torque device.

Figures 2 and 4 show the bridge 20 and the triggers 10 with their slides 9. Figure 3 shows these parts in perspective view separated from each other. The flange 19 of the trigger 10 forms a circumference inside which there is a space for the torque spring 8 and the slides 9 have a space for the flange 19 and the spring 8 of the trigger 10. When the spring 8 is placed inside the circumference of the flange 19, it rests against the ends of the flange from its center line. When the flange 19 and the spring 8 are placed on the slide 9, the ends of the spring space ···· 25 of the slide are at the ends of the springs so that if the triggers 10 are moved relative to the slides 9 in the direction of the spring 8, «flange 19 and the slides weigh the spring into 8 piles. Figures 2 and 3 also show the guides 24 of the bridge 20, which run: with longitudinal stiffeners extending inside the body 2; 30 with clamps 31. The slides 9 and the triggers 10 run in the assembled coupling along the upper surfaces of these stiffeners 31. Lau-,. ·. the inner surfaces of the other end hooks of the heaters have position # # · limiters 23.

Fig. 3 shows oblique pairs of grooves 25 controlling the movement of the bridge 20 of the slide 9. In the assembled coupling, the bridge guide pins ti 100283 17 are fitted in these grooves 25, whereby the longitudinal movement of the slide 20 causes vertical movement of the bridge 20 due to mutual groove pair. The movement of the slider 9 is effected by means of a trigger 10 and the trigger 10 is moved by a coupling formed by the teeth 7 of the guide and the toothing 22 formed on the side surfaces of the trigger 10. In this embodiment, the guide 6 has two groups of three teeth on opposite sides of the guide 6, and these teeth 10 correspond to the teeth 22 of the opposite triggers.

The cover 1 has the abutment surfaces 26 of the cover 1 resting on the abutments 21 of the spring cams 16 of the slider 9, which retain the movement of the slides 15 during the tuning of the springs 8. Figure 5 also shows the cable clamps 27 in the switch shown, three on each side of the switch.

The switch described above operates as follows. The tuning of the torque-20 springs 8 and the movements of the different parts take place in the same way when controlling the switch open and closed, but the directions of movement are, of course, opposite. Since the operation of the device is symmetrical, corresponding movements take place in both subgroups on both sides of the guide 6, with the crank 25 in the 0 or 1 position, one of the receivers 21 of the spring cam 16 being against the abutment surface 26 of the cover. With the knob; 3 is turned, so that the teeth 7 of the guide 6 transmit a rotational movement to the triggers 10 via the toothing 22.

::: Since the slides 9 remain in place, the triggers 10 voltage-: ’? ; 30 engage the springs 8 inside the slides 9. At the same time, the release lugs 14 of the triggers move upwards of the spring lugs 16. . ·. along the surface and meet their inclined surfaces 28 • · · behind the abutments 21. As the movement of the knob 3 and the trigger 10 is continued, the release lugs 14 push the spring lugs 16 35 out of the cover and release the slides 9. The knob 3 is turned about 60 ° . When the slides 9 are released, they 100283 β move very rapidly in the horizontal direction when pushed by the springs 8 and move the bridge 20 vertically through the inclined grooves 25 and the guide pins 17. With this movement, the movable contacts 12 attached to the bridge 20 move, whereby the current is switched on or off according to the direction of movement of the bridge. At the same time, the opposite mounts 21 of the spring cams 16 go behind the mating surfaces of the cover 1 and the knob is set to indicate the selected engagement position. In both switching positions, the torque springs 8 10 are only prestressed inside the slides 9 and the triggers 10, keeping their ends in the same plane, so that no other static stresses are applied to the switch.

If for some reason the contacts 11, 12 are welded to the fasteners, an attempt can be made to remove them by means of forced control.

In this switch, the forced control is implemented by means of the forced control cams 15 of the triggers 10. The forced guide cams 15 move in a groove made below the spring space of the slider 9, the length of which is dimensioned so that the forced guide cams 15 do not normally hit the groove ends 30. If the contacts 11, 12 do not disengage by the springs 8, the forced guide cams 15 hit the groove ends and by turning the knob 3 one can try to tear the bridge open with more force. If the contacts do not disengage, the knob will remain approximately 25 “without the closed position and 25 will return to indicate engagement when the knob 3 is removed. *. * ·: If the contacts only partially disengage, the position limiters 23 of the triggers 10 · 'face the obstacles 29 of the bridge 20 and *: ·: the knob is about 20 ° away from the open position and returns to the closed position when the grip is released. The aforementioned cursors'; *; The 30 mats naturally depend on the sizing and timing of the switch.

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In addition to the above, the present invention has other embodiments.

i.i: 35: The appearance of the device and the structure of the various parts can naturally I! 9 100283 vary considerably. Torque springs, coil springs and other members providing sufficient spring force can be used as torque springs. There must be at least two spring members, but if necessary, parallel spring members may be used to form one spring in the torque device. The shape and number of grooves moving the contact bridge of the slider can vary, and in particular grooves with varying steepness can be used if a large torque force is required, whereby the correct shape of the groove can facilitate the handling of the wrench. The grooves can also be in the contact bridge, in which case the slides have corresponding pins or other abutments.

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Ml • · · f · · k Λ 1 »· · * · · II ·« 1 ·

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Claims (7)

1. A coupling device comprising 5. a capsule (1, 2), - fixed contacts (11) connected to capsein (1, 2), 10. a contact bridge (20) comprising movable contacts arranged at capsein (1, 2), (12) - a control means (6) arranged at a capsule (1, 2), by means of which the movable contacts (12) can be connected to the fixed contacts (11) by a rotary movement of the control means (6) and released therefrom a transmission (7, 9, 10) by which the rotational movement of the control means (6) can be changed to an axial. movement, and '- springs (8) coupled to the transmission (7, 9, 10) by which a spring force can be provided:' 5: 5 for coupling the contacts (11, 12) and loosening: :: of the same from each other Characterized in that at least two springs (8) are coupled in such a way that they are located on opposite sides of the guide (6) for providing a symmetrical spring force to the controller (6) and the transmission (7, 9, 10). .35 Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the springs are two in number. 100283 14 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transmission comprises two springs comprising similar torque devices (8, 9, 10) symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the control device (6). 5 Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the torque device (8, 9, 10) is arranged to move transversely in relation to contact bridge (20), and the torque device comprises slides (9) with inclined grooves 10 (25) and contact bridge (20). ) has pins (17) arranged in the grooves, whereby the movement of the bronze (20) can be effected by the movement of the slide (9) while mediating the grooves (25) and the pins (17). 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the slides (9) comprise spring chambers (16) and that the lid (1) has pk the spring-mounted contact surfaces (26) of the spring chambers (16), which impede the free movement of the slides (9), and the torque device further. comprises a trigger (10), which is arranged to move in proportion. to the slide (9) and having a release cam (14) arranged to move along the path of movement of the spring cam (16) in such a way that the spring cam (16) can be freed from attachment to the abutment surface (26) by its movement. * '' 25 Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the trigger (10) has a space (19) for the spring (8) and the slide (9) has a space, in which it a · 1 · springs comprising the part (19) of the trigger (10) are arranged; so in such a way that the trigger (10) can be moved in relation to the slide (9) for tensioning the spring. • «• Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the trigger (10) has a forced steering cam (15) and the slide (9) has two abutment surfaces arranged in the path of movement of the steering cam (15) so that the distance between the forced steering cam (15) and the contact surfaces tl. 100283 is greater than the distance between the trigger position (10) and release position. · • • 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1