ES3056643T3

ES3056643T3 - A packaging machine for packing groups of products in packaging boxes formed starting from flat tubular die-cut blanks made of card or cardboard and destined to be inserted into a cardboard packing case

Info

Publication number: ES3056643T3
Application number: ES23217114T
Authority: ES
Inventors: Simone Nannetti
Original assignee: Marchesini Group SpA
Current assignee: Marchesini Group SpA
Priority date: 2022-12-21
Filing date: 2023-12-15
Publication date: 2026-02-23
Anticipated expiration: 2043-12-15
Also published as: IT202200026202A1; EP4389617A1; EP4389617B1

Abstract

La máquina envasadora (100) comprende una línea de transporte (L) para recibir y transportar productos, como cajas (P), a lo largo de una dirección de transporte (L1) y, flanqueada por la línea de transporte (L): un almacén (M) de troqueles tubulares planos (T) de cartón; una estación de recogida y apertura (SP) de los troqueles tubulares planos (T) y formación de cajas de embalaje (S); un sistema de transporte (D) para las cajas de embalaje (S); una estación de recogida y agrupación de cajas de cartón (G), para agrupar las cajas de cartón (P) transportadas a lo largo de la línea de transporte (L) e insertarlas en las cajas de embalaje (S); una estación de transferencia (E), para recibir, desde el sistema de transporte (D), las cajas de embalaje (S) que tienen en su interior los grupos de cajas de cartón y están cerradas en los dos cabezales respectivos, y para moverlas hacia la línea de transporte (L), de modo que la línea de transporte (L) pueda transportar las cajas de embalaje (S) a la salida correspondiente desde la que se encuentran las cajas de embalaje (S). puede transferirse a la entrada (MC) de una máquina encajonadora para su inserción en una caja de embalaje. (Traducción automática con Google Translate, sin valor legal)The packaging machine (100) comprises a conveyor line (L) for receiving and transporting products, such as boxes (P), along a transport direction (L1) and, flanked by the conveyor line (L): a storage (M) for flat tubular dies (T) of cardboard; a station for collecting and opening (SP) the flat tubular dies (T) and forming packaging boxes (S); a conveyor system (D) for the packaging boxes (S); a station for collecting and grouping cardboard boxes (G), for grouping the cardboard boxes (P) transported along the conveyor line (L) and inserting them into the packaging boxes (S); A transfer station (E) receives, from the conveyor system (D), the packing boxes (S) containing the groups of cardboard boxes, which are sealed at their respective heads, and moves them to the conveyor line (L). The conveyor line (L) then transports the packing boxes (S) to the corresponding output where they are located. From there, the packing boxes (S) can be transferred to the input (MC) of a case-packing machine for insertion into a packing box. (Automatic translation using Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

[0001] DESCRIPCIÓN[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Una máquina de envasado para agrupar productos en cajas de envasado formadas a partir de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas hechas de cartulina o cartón y destinadas a ser insertadas en una caja de embalaje de cartónSector de la técnica[0002] A packaging machine for grouping products into packaging boxes formed from flat tubular die-cut templates made of cardboard or paperboard and intended to be inserted into a cardboard packaging box. Technical sector

[0003] La presente invención se refiere al sector técnico particular relativo al envasado de productos dentro de las cajas de embalaje de cartón ondulado, y en particular, al envasado de productos constituidos por cajas de cartón que contienen, por ejemplo, productos farmacéuticos o cosméticos.[0003] The present invention relates to the particular technical field relating to the packaging of products within corrugated cardboard packaging boxes, and in particular to the packaging of products consisting of cardboard boxes containing, for example, pharmaceutical or cosmetic products.

[0004] Por lo general, en este sector técnico, las cajas de cartón que contienen productos farmacéuticos, como, por ejemplo, blísteres, que salen de la estuchadora que ha realizado el envasado, se introducen en una encartonadora que está diseñada para insertar y envasar las cajas de cartón en una caja de cartón corrugado.[0004] Generally, in this technical sector, cardboard boxes containing pharmaceutical products, such as blisters, coming out of the cartoning machine that has done the packaging, are put into a cartoning machine that is designed to insert and pack the cardboard boxes into a corrugated cardboard box.

[0005] Estado de la técnica[0005] State of the art

[0006] A este respecto, la salida de la estuchadora y la entrada de la encartonadora están directamente conectadas entre sí mediante una línea de transporte de las cajas de cartón.[0006] In this respect, the cartoning machine's output and the cartoning machine's input are directly connected to each other by means of a cardboard box transport line.

[0007] De acuerdo con las necesidades especiales de envasado que puedan surgir, a menudo es necesario agrupar y envasar internamente las cajas de cartón, por ejemplo, de cartulina, que luego se introducen en una misma caja de embalaje. En estas circunstancias, actualmente se utilizan líneas de transferencia especiales, que se extienden lateral y transversalmente a la línea de transporte de las cajas de cartón de la estuchadora a la encartonadora y que están diseñadas para recoger las cajas de cartón de la línea de transporte y transportarlas a los aparatos de envasado. Estos aparatos de envasado están configurados para realizar la agrupación e inserción de las cajas de cartón en las respectivas cajas de envasado que, a continuación, son transportadas y devueltas a la línea de transporte para su transporte a la encartonadora.[0007] Depending on the specific packaging requirements, it is often necessary to group and internally package cardboard boxes, for example, those made of cardboard, which are then placed into a single packing box. In these situations, special transfer lines are currently used. These lines extend laterally and transversely to the conveyor line that carries the cardboard boxes from the cartoner to the cartoner. They are designed to collect the cardboard boxes from the conveyor line and transport them to the packaging equipment. This packaging equipment is configured to group and insert the cardboard boxes into their respective packing boxes, which are then transported back to the conveyor line for transport to the cartoner.

[0008] Esto constituye sin duda un inconveniente, tanto en términos de dimensiones como de complejidad en cuanto al diseño y la realización del trazado de toda la línea de producción.[0008] This undoubtedly constitutes a drawback, both in terms of dimensions and complexity in terms of the design and implementation of the layout of the entire production line.

[0009] Se conoce una máquina de envasado para envasar grupos de productos en cajas de envasado, por ejemplo, a partir del documento EP 0734948 A1.[0009] A packaging machine for packaging groups of products into packaging boxes is known, for example, from document EP 0734948 A1.

[0010] Objeto de la invención[0010] Object of the invention

[0011] El objetivo de la presente invención es, por tanto, proporcionar una máquina de envasado para envasar grupos de productos en cajas de envasado formadas a partir de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas de cartulina o cartón, y destinadas a ser insertadas en una caja de embalaje de cartón corrugado, que se configura de forma que se interponga fácilmente y funcione como una conexión directa, entre la salida de una estuchadora y la entrada de una encartonadora, y por lo tanto, capaz de obviar los inconvenientes presentes en la técnica anterior como se ha evidenciado.[0011] The objective of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a packaging machine for packaging groups of products in packaging boxes formed from flat tubular die-cut templates of cardboard or paperboard, and intended to be inserted into a corrugated cardboard packaging box, which is configured so as to easily interpose and function as a direct connection between the output of a cartoner and the input of a cartoner, and therefore able to overcome the drawbacks present in the prior art as has been shown.

[0012] En particular, un objetivo de la presente invención es proporcionar una máquina de envasado extremadamente versátil, capaz de adaptarse al envasado de grupos de productos de formas y dimensiones diferentes en el interior de las respectivas cajas de envasado obtenidas a partir de formatos tubulares planos troquelados de formas y dimensiones diferentes, y de realizar el cierre de las cajas de envasado una vez llenas, de forma adecuada al tipo de material con el que se han fabricado, por ejemplo, cartulina o cartón.[0012] In particular, an objective of the present invention is to provide an extremely versatile packaging machine, capable of adapting to the packaging of groups of products of different shapes and dimensions inside the respective packaging boxes obtained from flat die-cut tubular formats of different shapes and dimensions, and of performing the closure of the packaging boxes once filled, in a manner appropriate to the type of material from which they have been manufactured, for example, cardboard or paperboard.

[0013] Otro objetivo de la invención es describir una máquina de envasado que sea compacta y tenga unas dimensiones modestas, que puede entonces interponerse fácilmente entre una estuchadora y una encartonadora y configurarse para permitir el transporte de las cajas de cartón de la salida de la estuchadora directamente a la entrada de la encartonadora, y también realizar un envasado previo de grupos de cajas de cartón dentro de una caja de envasado que luego se enviará a la encartonadora para su inserción en una caja de embalaje hecha de cartón corrugado. Las ventajas antes mencionadas se obtienen de acuerdo con el contenido de las reivindicaciones.[0013] Another objective of the invention is to describe a compact packaging machine of modest dimensions that can be easily inserted between a cartoner and a boxer and configured to allow the transport of cardboard boxes from the cartoner's output directly to the boxer's input, and also to perform pre-packaging of groups of cardboard boxes within a packaging box that will then be sent to the boxer for insertion into a corrugated cardboard box. The aforementioned advantages are obtained in accordance with the content of the claims.

[0014] Descripción de las figuras[0014] Description of the figures

[0015] Otras características de la invención surgirán de la siguiente descripción de algunas realizaciones preferidas, aunque no exclusivas, de la máquina de envasado para el envasado de grupos de productos en una caja de envasado formada a partir de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas de cartulina o cartón, y destinada a ser insertada en el interior de una caja de embalaje de cartón corrugado, realizado con referencia a las tablas de dibujos adjuntas en las que: - la figura 1 ilustra, de acuerdo con una vista esquemática en perspectiva, la máquina de envasado de la invención en una posible realización preferida en lo que se refiere a los modos de almacenamiento y suministro de las plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas de cartulina o cartón que se utilizarán para la formación de las cajas de envasado de los grupos de productos;[0015] Other features of the invention will emerge from the following description of some preferred, though not exclusive, embodiments of the packaging machine for packaging groups of products in a packaging box formed from flat, tubular die-cut templates of cardboard or paperboard, and intended to be inserted inside a corrugated cardboard packaging box, made with reference to the accompanying drawing tables in which: - Figure 1 illustrates, according to a schematic perspective view, the packaging machine of the invention in a possible preferred embodiment with regard to the storage and supply methods of the flat, tubular die-cut templates of cardboard or paperboard to be used for forming the packaging boxes of the product groups;

[0016] - la figura 2 ilustra, esquemáticamente y de acuerdo con una vista en perspectiva tomada desde un ángulo diferente, la máquina de envasado de la figura 2, que muestra una etapa de formación de un grupo de productos para ser insertados en una caja de envasado que se ha formado a partir de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas de cartulina o cartón;[0016] - Figure 2 illustrates, schematically and according to a perspective view taken from a different angle, the packaging machine of Figure 2, showing a stage of forming a group of products to be inserted into a packaging box that has been formed from flat tubular die-cut templates of cardboard or paperboard;

[0017] - la figura 3 ilustra la máquina de envasado de la figura 1, en una vista lateral, que muestra una etapa de recogida de un grupo de una plantilla troquelada tubular plana que luego se formará y se abrirá con el fin de recibir en su interior un grupo de productos;[0017] - Figure 3 illustrates the packaging machine of Figure 1, in a side view, showing a stage of picking up a group from a flat tubular die-cut template that will then be formed and opened in order to receive a group of products inside;

[0018] - la figura 4 ilustra, de acuerdo con la misma vista en perspectiva, la máquina de envasado de la figura 1, en la que se ha recogido la plantilla troquelada tubular plana y se ha llevado a una posición en la que se formará y se abrirá; - la figura 5 es una vista lateral de la figura 4;[0018] - Figure 4 illustrates, according to the same perspective view, the packaging machine of Figure 1, in which the flat tubular die-cut template has been picked up and brought into a position where it will be formed and opened; - Figure 5 is a side view of Figure 4;

[0019] - la figura 6 ilustra, en una vista en perspectiva de acuerdo con el mismo ángulo que en la figura 2, la máquina de envasado en una etapa de terminación de un grupo de productos;[0019] - Figure 6 illustrates, in a perspective view according to the same angle as in Figure 2, the packaging machine in a stage of completing a group of products;

[0020] - la figura 7 ilustra, en una vista en perspectiva de acuerdo con la figura 6, la máquina de envasado en una etapa de inserción del grupo de productos en una caja de envasado;[0020] - Figure 7 illustrates, in a perspective view according to Figure 6, the packaging machine at a stage of inserting the group of products into a packaging box;

[0021] - la figura 8 ilustra, en una vista esquemática en perspectiva y a mayor escala, algunos componentes significativos de la máquina de envasado destinados al transporte de las cajas de envasado una vez formadas y abiertas y a la formación de grupos de productos e inserción de los mismos en una caja de envasado una vez abierta;[0021] - Figure 8 illustrates, in a schematic perspective view and on a larger scale, some significant components of the packaging machine intended for transporting the packaging boxes once formed and opened and for forming groups of products and inserting them into a packaging box once opened;

[0022] - la figura 9 ilustra, con una vista lateral y a mayor escala, algunos otros componentes especiales de la máquina de envasado diseñada para recoger una plantilla troquelada tubular plana de un almacén relativo y realizar la apertura de la misma para formar una caja de cartón;[0022] - Figure 9 illustrates, with a side view and on a larger scale, some other special components of the packaging machine designed to pick up a flat tubular die-cut template from a relative storage and perform the opening of the same to form a cardboard box;

[0023] - la figura 10 ilustra, de acuerdo con una vista esquemática en perspectiva, la máquina de envasado, configurada en otra posible realización relativa a los modos de almacenamiento y suministro de los plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas de cartulina o cartón que se utilizarán para la formación de las cajas de envasado de los grupos de productos;[0023] - Figure 10 illustrates, according to a schematic perspective view, the packaging machine, configured in another possible embodiment relating to the storage and supply modes of the flat tubular die-cut templates of cardboard or paperboard to be used for forming the packaging boxes of the product groups;

[0024] - la figura 11 ilustra la máquina de envasado de la figura 10 de acuerdo con una vista en perspectiva desde un ángulo diferente;[0024] - Figure 11 illustrates the packaging machine of Figure 10 according to a perspective view from a different angle;

[0025] - la figura 12 es una vista en planta desde arriba de la máquina de envasado de la figura 10;[0025] - Figure 12 is a plan view from above of the packaging machine in Figure 10;

[0026] - la figura 13 ilustra, en una vista en perspectiva, algunos componentes significativos de las máquinas de envasado diseñados para transportar las cajas de envasado una vez formadas y abiertas a posiciones sucesivas en las que las cajas se llenan con grupos de productos y luego se cierran;[0026] - Figure 13 illustrates, in a perspective view, some significant components of packaging machines designed to transport the packaging boxes once formed and opened to successive positions where the boxes are filled with groups of products and then closed;

[0027] - la figura 14 ilustra, de acuerdo con una vista esquemática en perspectiva, un puesto de mando especial de la máquina de envasado, en una posible variante de realización relativa a los modos de cierre de las cajas de envasado;[0027] - Figure 14 illustrates, according to a schematic perspective view, a special control station of the packaging machine, in a possible embodiment variant relating to the closing modes of the packaging boxes;

[0028] - la figura 15 es una vista en planta desde arriba de la figura 14.[0028] - Figure 15 is a plan view from above of Figure 14.

[0029] Descripción detallada de la invención[0029] Detailed description of the invention

[0030] Con referencia a las tablas de dibujos adjuntas, el número de referencia (100) denota una máquina de envasado para envasar grupos de productos, como cajas de cartón (P) que contienen artículos farmacéuticos y/o cosméticos, dentro de cajas de envasado (S) formadas a partir de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) de cartulina o cartón, y destinadas a ser insertadas dentro de una caja de embalaje de cartón, objeto de la presente invención, en su totalidad. La máquina de envasado (100) comprende una línea de transporte (L) que tiene una entrada (IN) y una salida (OUT) y que puede activarse de acuerdo con una dirección de transporte principal (L1) de la entrada (IN) a la salida (OUT). La línea de transporte (100) está configurada y puede colocarse dentro del entorno de trabajo en una posición tal como para recibir, en la entrada (IN), los cartones (P) procedentes de una línea de salida (MA) de una estuchadora (no ilustrada en las figuras, como no siendo un objeto de la presente invención, y por lo tanto denotado solamente por la referencia (MA)) y transportar las cajas de cartón de acuerdo con la dirección de transporte principal (L1) hacia la salida (OUT).[0030] With reference to the accompanying drawing tables, reference number (100) denotes a packaging machine for packaging groups of products, such as cardboard boxes (P) containing pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic articles, into packaging boxes (S) formed from flat, tubular, die-cut templates (T) of paperboard or cardboard, and intended to be inserted into a cardboard packaging box, the subject of the present invention, in its entirety. The packaging machine (100) comprises a conveyor line (L) having an inlet (IN) and an outlet (OUT) and which can be activated according to a main conveyor direction (L1) from the inlet (IN) to the outlet (OUT). The transport line (100) is configured and can be placed within the working environment in such a position as to receive, at the entrance (IN), the cartons (P) coming from an output line (MA) of a cartoner (not illustrated in the figures, as it is not an object of the present invention, and therefore denoted only by the reference (MA)) and transport the cartons in accordance with the main transport direction (L1) towards the exit (OUT).

[0031] La línea de transporte (L) puede colocarse de tal manera que la salida relativa (OUT) se encuentra en, y por tanto, puede alimentar, la entrada (MC) de una encartonadora (tampoco ilustrada por no ser pertinente a la invención y, por lo tanto, denotada genéricamente sólo por la referencia (MC)).[0031] The transport line (L) can be positioned so that the relative outlet (OUT) is located at, and therefore can feed, the inlet (MC) of a cartoner (also not illustrated as it is not relevant to the invention and is therefore generically denoted only by the reference (MC)).

[0032] La máquina de envasado (100) está configurada y fabricada de tal manera que también comprende, por un lado de la línea de transporte (L):[0032] The packaging machine (100) is configured and manufactured in such a way that it also comprises, on one side of the conveyor line (L):

[0033] un almacén (M) de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) de cartulina o cartón;[0033] a warehouse (M) of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) made of cardboard or paperboard;

[0034] una estación de recogida y apertura (SP) de las plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) y para la formación de cajas de envasado (S);[0034] a collection and opening station (SP) for flat tubular die-cut templates (T) and for forming packaging boxes (S);

[0035] un sistema de transporte (D) para las cajas de envasado abiertas (S) cuando se abren partiendo de las plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T);[0035] a transport system (D) for the open packaging boxes (S) when opened from the flat tubular die-cut templates (T);

[0036] una estación de recogida y agrupación de cajas de cartón (G), para agrupar las cajas (P) transportadas a lo largo de la línea de transporte (L) e insertarlas en las cajas de envasado (S);[0036] a cardboard box collection and grouping station (G), to group the boxes (P) transported along the transport line (L) and insert them into the packaging boxes (S);

[0037] una estación de transferencia (E), dispuesta aguas abajo del sistema de transporte (D), para recibir, del sistema de transporte (D), las cajas de envasado cerradas (S), con los grupos de cajas en su interior, y para mover los grupos a la línea de transporte (L), de tal manera que la línea de transporte (L) pueda transportar las cajas de envasado (S) hasta la salida relativa (OUT), desde la cual las cajas de envasado (S) pueden transferirse a la entrada (MC) de una encartonadora para su inserción en una caja de embalaje de cartón corrugado.[0037] a transfer station (E), arranged downstream of the transport system (D), to receive, from the transport system (D), the closed packaging boxes (S), with the groups of boxes inside, and to move the groups to the transport line (L), so that the transport line (L) can transport the packaging boxes (S) to the relative outlet (OUT), from which the packaging boxes (S) can be transferred to the inlet (MC) of a cartoner for insertion into a corrugated cardboard packaging box.

[0038] A continuación se presenta una descripción detallada de las características de la máquina de envasado de la invención, que permite, de manera rápida y eficaz, envasar grupos de cajas de cartón en cajas de envasado destinadas a ser insertadas en cajas de embalaje de cartón, y que, debido a su estructura compacta y a la presencia de la línea de transporte, así como a la disposición de las distintas estaciones flanqueadas a la línea de transporte, puede colocarse fácilmente entre la salida de una estuchadora y la entrada de una encartonadora.[0038] A detailed description of the characteristics of the packaging machine of the invention is presented below, which allows, in a fast and efficient manner, the packaging of groups of cardboard boxes into packaging boxes intended to be inserted into cardboard packing boxes, and which, due to its compact structure and the presence of the conveyor line, as well as the arrangement of the various stations flanking the conveyor line, can be easily placed between the output of a cartoner and the input of a cartoner.

[0039] El almacén (M) de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) de cartulina o cartón, está configurado para poder recibir y almacenar internamente las plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) en una pila, una sobre las otras, y está dispuesto flanqueando a la línea de transporte (L) en una primera posición (P1) aguas abajo de la entrada (IN) de la misma con respecto a la dirección de transporte principal (L1).[0039] The warehouse (M) of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) of cardboard or paperboard, is configured to be able to receive and internally store the flat tubular die-cut templates (T) in a stack, one on top of the other, and is arranged flanking the transport line (L) in a first position (P1) downstream of the entrance (IN) of the same with respect to the main transport direction (L1).

[0040] Cada plantilla troquelada tubular plana (T) realizada de forma clásica comprende una hoja superior (T1) y una hoja inferior (T2), articuladas entre sí por las respectivas líneas de hendido, donde la hoja superior (T1) comprende una primera cara y una segunda cara articuladas entre sí mediante una primera línea de plegado, y la hoja inferior (T2) comprende una tercera cara y una cuarta cara articuladas entre sí mediante una segunda línea de plegado, comprendiendo las caras, en los dos extremos transversales respectivos, solapas de cierre respectivas (A1, A2; A3, A4).[0040] Each classically made flat tubular die-cut template (T) comprises an upper sheet (T1) and a lower sheet (T2), hinged together by the respective creasing lines, wherein the upper sheet (T1) comprises a first face and a second face hinged together by means of a first creasing line, and the lower sheet (T2) comprises a third face and a fourth face hinged together by means of a second creasing line, the faces comprising, at the two respective transverse ends, respective closing flaps (A1, A2; A3, A4).

[0041] La estación de recogida y apertura (SP) de las plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T), configurada para recoger las piezas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) del almacén (M) y para abrir las piezas troqueladas tubulares con la primera, segunda, tercera y cuarta caras dispuestas perpendicularmente entre sí de manera que formen las cuatro paredes laterales (S1, S2, S3, S4) de las cajas de envasado (S) con las relativas cabezas transversales abiertas y con las solapas de cierre (A1, A2, A3, A4) que sobresalen de los extremos opuestos de las cuatro paredes laterales (S1, S2, S3, S4) en las cabezas transversales abiertas.[0041] The pickup and opening station (SP) for flat tubular die-cut templates (T), configured to pick up the flat tubular die-cut pieces (T) from the storage (M) and to open the tubular die-cut pieces with the first, second, third and fourth faces arranged perpendicularly to each other so as to form the four side walls (S1, S2, S3, S4) of the packaging boxes (S) with the relative cross heads open and with the closing flaps (A1, A2, A3, A4) protruding from the opposite ends of the four side walls (S1, S2, S3, S4) on the open cross heads.

[0042] El sistema de transporte (D) está dispuesto flanqueando y en paralelo a la línea de transporte principal (L) y consecutivamente al almacén (M), y comprende una línea de transporte inferior (D1) y una línea de transporte superior (D2) enfrentadas y activables en direcciones de transporte respectivas paralelas entre sí y paralelas a la dirección de transporte principal (L1) de la línea de transporte (L).[0042] The transport system (D) is arranged flanking and parallel to the main transport line (L) and consecutively to the warehouse (M), and comprises a lower transport line (D1) and an upper transport line (D2) facing each other and activatable in respective transport directions parallel to each other and parallel to the main transport direction (L1) of the transport line (L).

[0043] En particular, la estación de recogida y apertura (SP) de las plantillas troqueladas (T) y el sistema de transporte (D) están configurados y dispuestos alternativamente de tal manera que las cajas de envasado (S) se abren de tal manera que el eje longitudinal de las cajas de envasado (S) está dispuesto transversal y perpendicularmente a la línea de transporte (L) y de tal manera que las cajas de envasado (S) se insertan y disponen entre la línea de transporte inferior (D1) y la línea de transporte superior (D2), con una primera pared lateral (S1) apoyada en la línea de transporte inferior (D1), con una segunda pared lateral (S2), orientada y paralela a la primera pared lateral (S2), en contacto con la línea de transporte superior (D2), y con una tercera pared lateral delantera (S3) y una cuarta pared lateral trasera (S4) y enfrentadas entre sí en ángulo recto con la primera (S1) y la segunda (S2) pared lateral, y con un primer cabezal transversal abierto que sobresale de un primer lado del sistema de transporte (D) y orientado hacia la línea de transporte (L) y con un segundo cabezal transversal abierto que sobresale de un segundo lado del sistema de transporte (D), en el lado opuesto con respecto a la línea de transporte (L).[0043] In particular, the pickup and opening station (SP) for the die-cut templates (T) and the conveying system (D) are configured and arranged alternately such that the packaging boxes (S) open with the longitudinal axis of the packaging boxes (S) arranged transversely and perpendicularly to the conveying line (L), and such that the packaging boxes (S) are inserted and positioned between the lower conveying line (D1) and the upper conveying line (D2), with a first side wall (S1) resting on the lower conveying line (D1), with a second side wall (S2), oriented and parallel to the first side wall (S2), in contact with the upper conveying line (D2), and with a third front side wall (S3) and a fourth rear side wall (S4) facing each other at right angles to the first (S1) and second (S2) side walls, and with a first open transverse head projecting from a first side of the conveying system (D) and oriented towards the conveyor line (L) and with a second open transverse head protruding from a second side of the conveyor system (D), on the opposite side with respect to the conveyor line (L).

[0044] La estación de recogida y agrupación de cajas de cartón (G) está dispuesta en una posición aguas abajo con respecto a la estación de recogida y apertura (SP) de las plantillas troqueladas, y comprende un plano de acumulación (G1), que está dispuesto entre la línea de transporte (L) y el sistema de transporte (D).[0044] The cardboard box collection and grouping station (G) is arranged in a downstream position with respect to the die-cut template collection and opening station (SP), and comprises an accumulation plane (G1), which is arranged between the transport line (L) and the transport system (D).

[0045] Cuando surge la necesidad de tener que envasar previamente las cajas en la llegada de la estuchadora (MA) y que, en condiciones normales, son transportadas por la línea de transporte (L) directamente a la entrada de la encartonadora (MC), dentro de las cajas de envasado para introducirlas y, a continuación, en cajas de embalaje de cartón, la estación de recogida y agrupación (G) está especialmente configurada, cuando se activa, para detener las cajas (P) en su avance a lo largo de la línea de transporte (L) hasta el plano de acumulación (G1).[0045] When the need arises to have to pre-pack the boxes at the arrival of the cartoner (MA) and which, under normal conditions, are transported by the conveyor line (L) directly to the entrance of the cartoner (MC), inside the packaging boxes to be inserted and then into cardboard packing boxes, the collection and grouping station (G) is specially configured, when activated, to stop the boxes (P) in their advance along the conveyor line (L) to the accumulation plane (G1).

[0046] En este caso, la estación de recogida y agrupación (G) está configurada para recoger las cajas de cartón (P) de la línea de transporte (L) y colocar las cajas de cartón (P) en el plano de acumulación (G1) formando grupos de artículos con una altura y anchura adecuadas para ser insertados en las cajas de envasado abiertas (S).[0046] In this case, the collection and grouping station (G) is configured to collect the cardboard boxes (P) from the transport line (L) and place the cardboard boxes (P) on the accumulation plane (G1) forming groups of items with a height and width suitable for insertion into the open packaging boxes (S).

[0047] Además, la línea de transporte inferior (D1) y la línea de transporte superior (D2) del sistema de transporte (D) pueden activarse para transportar sucesivamente las cajas de envasado (S):[0047] In addition, the lower conveyor line (D1) and the upper conveyor line (D2) of the conveyor system (D) can be activated to successively transport the packaging boxes (S):

[0048] a los primeros medios de plegado (F1), que están dispuestos flanqueando al sistema de transporte (D) en un lado opuesto con respecto a la línea de transporte (L), y que están configurados para hacer tope y plegar las solapas de cierre (A3, A4) articuladas a los bordes de la tercera (S3) y cuarta (S4) paredes laterales de las cajas de envasado (S) para cerrar parcialmente el segundo cabezal transversal de las cajas de envasado (S), al plano de acumulación (G1) de la estación de recogida y agrupación (G) de las cajas de cartón (P), de modo que la estación de recogida y agrupación (G) de las cajas de cartón está configurada además para transferir los grupos de cajas de cartón formados en el plano de acumulación (G1) dentro de las cajas de envasado (S) a través del primer cabezal transversal abierto de las cajas de envasado (S);[0048] to the first folding means (F1), which are arranged flanking the transport system (D) on an opposite side with respect to the transport line (L), and which are configured to stop and fold the closing flaps (A3, A4) hinged to the edges of the third (S3) and fourth (S4) side walls of the packaging boxes (S) to partially close the second crosshead of the packaging boxes (S), to the accumulation plane (G1) of the collection and grouping station (G) of the carton boxes (P), such that the collection and grouping station (G) of the carton boxes is further configured to transfer the groups of carton boxes formed on the accumulation plane (G1) into the packaging boxes (S) through the first open crosshead of the packaging boxes (S);

[0049] a los segundos medios de plegado (F2), que están dispuestos flanqueando al sistema de transporte (D) en un lado opuesto con respecto a la línea de transporte (L), y que están configurados para hacer tope y plegar, en sucesión, la solapa de cierre (A2) articulada a la segunda pared lateral (S2) y, a continuación, la solapa de cierre (A1) articulada a la primera pared lateral (S1) del segundo cabezal de las cajas de envasado (S), para cerrar completamente el segundo cabezal de las cajas de envasado (S),[0049] to the second folding means (F2), which are arranged flanking the transport system (D) on an opposite side with respect to the transport line (L), and which are configured to stop and fold, in succession, the closing flap (A2) hinged to the second side wall (S2) and then the closing flap (A1) hinged to the first side wall (S1) of the second packaging box head (S), to completely close the second packaging box head (S),

[0050] a los terceros medios de plegado (F3), que están dispuestos entre la línea de transporte (L) y el sistema de transporte (D), y que están configurados para hacer tope y plegar las solapas de cierre (A3, A4) articuladas a la tercera (S3) y cuarta (S4) paredes laterales de las cajas de envasado (S) en el primer cabezal para cerrar parcialmente el primer cabezal de las cajas de envasado (S);[0050] to the third folding means (F3), which are arranged between the conveying line (L) and the conveying system (D), and which are configured to stop and fold the closing flaps (A3, A4) articulated to the third (S3) and fourth (S4) side walls of the packaging boxes (S) at the first head to partially close the first head of the packaging boxes (S);

[0051] a los cuartos medios de plegado (F4), que están dispuestos entre la línea de transporte (L) y el sistema de transporte (D), consecutivamente a los terceros medios de plegado (F3), y que están configurados para hacer tope y plegar las solapas de cierre (A1, A2) articuladas a la primera (S1) y segunda (S2) paredes laterales de las cajas de envasado (S) en el primer cabezal para cerrar completamente el primer cabezal;[0051] to the folding means quarters (F4), which are arranged between the conveying line (L) and the conveying system (D), consecutively to the folding means third (F3), and which are configured to stop and fold the closing flaps (A1, A2) articulated to the first (S1) and second (S2) side walls of the packaging boxes (S) at the first head to completely close the first head;

[0052] y, por último, a la estación de transferencia (E), de tal manera que las cajas de envasado (S), con los grupos de cajas de cartón en su interior, puedan transferirse a la línea de transporte (L) de tal manera que la línea de transporte (L) pueda transportar las cajas de envasado (S) hasta la salida relativa (OUT), desde la cual las cajas de envasado (S) pueden transferirse a la entrada (MC) de una encartonadora para su inserción en una caja de embalaje de cartón corrugado.[0052] and, finally, to the transfer station (E), so that the packaging boxes (S), with the groups of cardboard boxes inside, can be transferred to the conveyor line (L) so that the conveyor line (L) can transport the packaging boxes (S) to the relative exit (OUT), from which the packaging boxes (S) can be transferred to the inlet (MC) of a cartoner for insertion into a corrugated cardboard packaging box.

[0053] Por tanto, a partir de la descripción anterior se desprende que la máquina de envasado de la invención es muy eficaz y versátil, como en condiciones normales, en las que tiene lugar la inserción y el envasado de las cajas directamente en el interior de las cajas de embalaje de cartón, las cajas de cartón procedentes de la encartonadora pueden desplazarse a lo largo de toda la línea de transporte (L) hasta la entrada en la estuchadora, mientras que, cuando se requiera el envasado previo de grupos de cajas de cartón dentro de cajas de envasado, para luego introducirlos en cajas de embalaje, la estación de agrupamiento (G) puede activarse para bloquear el avance de las cajas para formar grupos relativos, y la máquina de envasado puede funcionar de las maneras descritas anteriormente.[0053] Therefore, from the above description it follows that the packaging machine of the invention is very efficient and versatile, as under normal conditions, in which the insertion and packaging of the boxes takes place directly inside the cardboard packaging boxes, the cardboard boxes from the cartoner can move along the entire conveyor line (L) to the entrance of the cartoner, whereas, when it is required to pre-package groups of cardboard boxes inside packaging boxes, to then insert them into packaging boxes, the grouping station (G) can be activated to block the advance of the boxes to form relative groups, and the packaging machine can operate in the ways described above.

[0054] Además, la máquina de envasado de la invención es compacta ya que las distintas estaciones de trabajo dispuestas para la conformación, llenado y cierre de las cajas de envasado se disponen directamente flanqueadas por la línea de transporte de las cajas, en cuya línea de transporte se colocan las cajas de envasado una vez terminadas.[0054] Furthermore, the packaging machine of the invention is compact since the various workstations arranged for forming, filling and closing the packaging boxes are arranged directly flanked by the box transport line, on which transport line the packaging boxes are placed once completed.

[0055] A continuación se describen otros aspectos ventajosos del aparato de la máquina de envasado de la invención.[0055] The following describes other advantageous aspects of the packaging machine apparatus of the invention.

[0056] La línea de transporte inferior (D1) del sistema de transporte (D), como se ilustra en detalle a modo de ejemplo en la figura 13, comprende una primera cinta transportadora (1) enrollada en bucle cerrado sobre poleas relativas (10), al menos una de las cuales es una polea de accionamiento, y una segunda cinta transportadora (2) enrollada en bucle cerrado sobre poleas relativas (20), al menos una de las cuales es una polea de accionamiento.[0056] The lower conveyor line (D1) of the conveyor system (D), as illustrated in detail by way of example in Figure 13, comprises a first conveyor belt (1) wound in a closed loop on relative pulleys (10), at least one of which is a drive pulley, and a second conveyor belt (2) wound in a closed loop on relative pulleys (20), at least one of which is a drive pulley.

[0057] La primera cinta transportadora (1) y la segunda cinta transportadora (2) están dispuestas flanqueadas y paralelas entre sí, y paralelas a la línea de transporte (L) y siendo activables de tal manera que las ramificaciones superiores relativas se activan en sincronía y de acuerdo con una primera misma dirección de transporte (V1) que es paralela y concordante a la dirección de transporte principal (L1) de la línea de transporte (L).[0057] The first conveyor belt (1) and the second conveyor belt (2) are arranged flanked and parallel to each other, and parallel to the transport line (L) and being activatable in such a way that the relative upper branches are activated in sync and in accordance with a first same transport direction (V1) that is parallel and concordant to the main transport direction (L1) of the transport line (L).

[0058] Las ramificaciones superiores de la primera cinta transportadora (1) y de la segunda cinta transportadora (2) están destinadas a recibir en reposo la primera pared lateral (S1) de las cajas de embalaje abiertas (S) (véase, por ejemplo, figuras 1-11).[0058] The upper branches of the first conveyor belt (1) and the second conveyor belt (2) are intended to receive at rest the first side wall (S1) of the open packing boxes (S) (see, for example, figures 1-11).

[0059] La segunda línea de transporte (D2) del sistema de transporte (D) comprende (véase por ejemplo la figura 13 una vez más) una tercera cinta transportadora (3) enrollada en bucle cerrado sobre poleas relativas (30), al menos una de las cuales es una polea de accionamiento, y una cuarta cinta transportadora (4) enrollada en bucle cerrado sobre poleas relativas (40), al menos una de las cuales es una polea de accionamiento.[0059] The second conveyor line (D2) of the conveyor system (D) comprises (see for example Figure 13 once again) a third conveyor belt (3) wound in a closed loop on relative pulleys (30), at least one of which is a drive pulley, and a fourth conveyor belt (4) wound in a closed loop on relative pulleys (40), at least one of which is a drive pulley.

[0060] La tercera cinta transportadora (3) y la cuarta cinta transportadora (4) están dispuestas flanqueadas y paralelas entre sí, y paralelas a la línea de transporte (L), y dispuestas superiormente, respectivamente con respecto a la primera (1) y la segunda (2) cintas transportadoras, y son activables de tal manera que las ramificaciones inferiores relativas se activan en sincronía y de acuerdo con una segunda misma dirección de transporte (V2) que es paralela y concordante con la dirección de transporte principal (L1) de la línea de transporte y con la primera dirección de transporte (V1) de las ramificaciones superiores de la primera (1) y segunda (2) cintas transportadoras.[0060] The third conveyor belt (3) and the fourth conveyor belt (4) are arranged flanking and parallel to each other, and parallel to the conveyor line (L), and arranged above, respectively, the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts, and are actuatable in such a way that the relative lower branches are actuated in sync and in accordance with a second same conveyor direction (V2) that is parallel and concordant with the main conveyor direction (L1) of the conveyor line and with the first conveyor direction (V1) of the upper branches of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts.

[0061] En particular, las ramificaciones inferiores de la tercera cinta transportadora (3) y de la cuarta cinta transportadora (4) están destinadas a hacer tope con la segunda pared lateral (S2), orientada y paralela a la primera pared lateral (S1), de las cajas de envasado abiertas (S) (véase, de nuevo, las figuras 1 a 11).[0061] In particular, the lower branches of the third conveyor belt (3) and the fourth conveyor belt (4) are intended to abut the second side wall (S2), oriented and parallel to the first side wall (S1), of the open packaging boxes (S) (see again Figures 1 to 11).

[0062] En otros aspectos ventajosos y preferidos, la primera cinta transportadora (1) y la segunda cinta transportadora (2) comprenden, respectivamente, dientes (11) y (21) dispuestos de manera que estén flanqueados y alineados entre sí, y a su vez, la tercera cinta transportadora (3) y la cuarta cinta transportadora (4) comprenden, respectivamente, dientes (31) y (41) dispuestos de manera que estén flanqueados y alineados entre sí.[0062] In other advantageous and preferred aspects, the first conveyor belt (1) and the second conveyor belt (2) comprise, respectively, teeth (11) and (21) arranged so that they are flanked and aligned with each other, and in turn, the third conveyor belt (3) and the fourth conveyor belt (4) comprise, respectively, teeth (31) and (41) arranged so that they are flanked and aligned with each other.

[0063] En particular, la primera cinta transportadora (1), la segunda cinta transportadora (2), la tercera cinta transportadora (3) y la cuarta cinta transportadora (4) están dispuestas y configuradas, alternativamente, de tal manera que los dientes (11, 21) de la primera (1) y segunda (2) cintas transportadoras están escalonados con respecto a los dientes (31, 41) de la tercera (3) y cuarta (4) cintas transportadoras de tal manera que se define un asiento entre las mismas para la inserción y colocación de las cajas de envasado abiertas (S), con los dientes (31, 41) de la tercera (3) y cuarta (4) cintas transportadoras dispuestos para hacer tope con la cuarta pared lateral de salida (S4) de las cajas de envasado (S) a fin de ejercer una acción de empuje sobre las cajas de envasado (S), y con los dientes (11, 21) de la primera (1) y segunda (2) cintas transportadoras dispuestos para hacer tope con la tercera pared lateral de entrada (S3) de las cajas de envasado (S) durante su transporte, de forma que se mantengan abiertas, es decir, en ángulo recto, las cajas de envasado (S) durante el transporte y transferencia de las mismas a lo largo de la línea de transporte (D) antes de ser llenadas con los grupos de cajas de cartón.[0063] In particular, the first conveyor belt (1), the second conveyor belt (2), the third conveyor belt (3), and the fourth conveyor belt (4) are arranged and configured, alternately, such that the teeth (11, 21) of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts are staggered with respect to the teeth (31, 41) of the third (3) and fourth (4) conveyor belts so as to define a seat between them for the insertion and placement of the open packaging boxes (S), with the teeth (31, 41) of the third (3) and fourth (4) conveyor belts arranged to abut the fourth exit side wall (S4) of the packaging boxes (S) in order to exert a pushing action on the packaging boxes (S), and with the teeth (11, 21) of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts arranged to abut the third entrance side wall (S3) of the packaging boxes (S) during their transport, so that the packaging boxes (S) remain open, i.e., at a right angle, during the transport and transfer of the same along the transport line (D) before being filled with the groups of cardboard boxes.

[0064] Además, la primera cinta transportadora (1), la segunda cinta transportadora (2), la tercera cinta transportadora (3) y la cuarta cinta transportadora (4) están configuradas de tal manera que la posición alternante entre los dientes (11, 21) de la primera (1) y segunda (2) cintas transportadoras y los dientes (31, 41) de la tercera (3) y cuarta (4) cintas transportadoras puede ajustarse y variarse de tal manera que la distancia alternante de los mismos se adapta en función de la anchura de las cajas de envasado abiertas (S); a este respecto, basta con variar el paso relativo entre las poleas de las distintas cintas.[0064] Furthermore, the first conveyor belt (1), the second conveyor belt (2), the third conveyor belt (3), and the fourth conveyor belt (4) are configured in such a way that the alternating position between the teeth (11, 21) of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts and the teeth (31, 41) of the third (3) and fourth (4) conveyor belts can be adjusted and varied in such a way that the alternating distance of the same is adapted according to the width of the open packaging boxes (S); in this respect, it is sufficient to vary the relative pitch between the pulleys of the different belts.

[0065] Otro aspecto preferido y especial consiste en que la línea de transporte inferior (D1) del sistema de transporte (D) comprende además una quinta cinta transportadora (5) enrollada en bucle cerrado sobre poleas (50) respectivas, de las cuales al menos una es una polea de accionamiento, que está dispuesta interpuesta entre la primera cinta transportadora (1) y la segunda cinta transportadora (2), y tiene una extensión menor con respecto a la misma. En particular, la quinta cinta transportadora (5) comprende dientes (51) respectivos, y está configurada y dispuesta con respecto a la primera (1) y segunda (2) cintas transportadoras de tal manera que la ramificación superior respectiva se activa en sincronía y de acuerdo con una tercera dirección de transporte (V3) (véase, por ejemplo, la figura 3) paralela y concordante con la primera dirección de transporte (V1) de las ramificaciones superiores de la primera (1) y segunda (2) cintas transportadoras.[0065] Another preferred and special aspect is that the lower conveyor line (D1) of the conveyor system (D) further comprises a fifth conveyor belt (5) wound in a closed loop on respective pulleys (50), at least one of which is a drive pulley, which is arranged between the first conveyor belt (1) and the second conveyor belt (2), and has a shorter span relative to them. In particular, the fifth conveyor belt (5) comprises respective teeth (51), and is configured and arranged with respect to the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts such that the respective upper branch is activated in sync with and in accordance with a third conveying direction (V3) (see, for example, Figure 3) parallel and concordant with the first conveying direction (V1) of the upper branches of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts.

[0066] Los dientes (51) de la quinta cinta transportadora (5) están escalonados con respecto a los dientes (11, 21) de la primera (1) y segunda (2) cintas transportadoras de tal manera que los dientes (51) de la quinta cinta transportadora (5) se apoyan en la cuarta pared lateral de salida (S4) de las cajas de envasado abiertas (S) después de que las cajas de envasado (S) se hayan llenado con grupos de cajas de cartón (SP) en el plano de acumulación (G1) de la estación de recogida y agrupación (G), para ejercer sobre las cajas de envasado (S) una acción de empuje suplementaria a la acción ejercida por los dientes (31, 41) de la tercera (3) y cuarta (4) cintas transportadoras (véanse, por ejemplo, las figuras 6 y 8).[0066] The teeth (51) of the fifth conveyor belt (5) are staggered with respect to the teeth (11, 21) of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts in such a way that the teeth (51) of the fifth conveyor belt (5) rest on the fourth exit side wall (S4) of the open packaging boxes (S) after the packaging boxes (S) have been filled with groups of cardboard boxes (SP) on the accumulation plane (G1) of the collection and grouping station (G), to exert on the packaging boxes (S) a supplementary pushing action to the action exerted by the teeth (31, 41) of the third (3) and fourth (4) conveyor belts (see, for example, Figures 6 and 8).

[0067] Esto es especialmente ventajoso ya que las cajas de envasado, después de haberse llenado con los grupos de cartones, son más pesadas y su transferencia y transporte mediante sólo los dientes (31, 41) de la tercera (3) y cuarta (4) cintas transportadoras podría resultar difícil; la acción de empuje adicional proporcionada por los dientes (51) de la quinta cinta transportadora (5) permite por tanto una transferencia más fácil de las cajas de envasado, una vez llenas, a lo largo de la línea de transporte (D).[0067] This is especially advantageous since the packaging boxes, after being filled with the carton groups, are heavier and their transfer and transport by means only of the teeth (31, 41) of the third (3) and fourth (4) conveyor belts could prove difficult; the additional pushing action provided by the teeth (51) of the fifth conveyor belt (5) thus allows for easier transfer of the packaging boxes, once filled, along the conveyor line (D).

[0068] Además, la primera cinta transportadora (1), la segunda cinta transportadora (2) y la quinta cinta transportadora (5) están configuradas de tal manera que la posición alternante entre los dientes (11, 21) de la primera (1) y segunda (2) cintas transportadoras y los dientes (51) de la quinta cinta transportadora (5) puede ajustarse y variarse de tal manera que la distancia alternante de los mismos se adapta en función de la anchura de las cajas de envasado (S) que deben abrirse; a este respecto, basta con variar el paso entre las poleas relativas.[0068] Furthermore, the first conveyor belt (1), the second conveyor belt (2), and the fifth conveyor belt (5) are configured in such a way that the alternating position between the teeth (11, 21) of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts and the teeth (51) of the fifth conveyor belt (5) can be adjusted and varied in such a way that the alternating distance of the same is adapted according to the width of the packaging boxes (S) to be opened; in this respect, it is sufficient to vary the pitch between the relative pulleys.

[0069] Además, la posición de la tercera (3) y cuarta (4) cintas transportadoras de la línea de transporte superior (D2) puede ajustarse y variarse con respecto a la posición de la primera (1), segunda (2) y quinta (5) cintas transportadoras de la línea de transporte inferior (D1), de forma que se pueda ajustar y variar la distancia alternate en función de la altura de las cajas de envasado (S) a abrir.[0069] In addition, the position of the third (3) and fourth (4) conveyor belts of the upper conveyor line (D2) can be adjusted and varied with respect to the position of the first (1), second (2) and fifth (5) conveyor belts of the lower conveyor line (D1), so that the alternate distance can be adjusted and varied according to the height of the packaging boxes (S) to be opened.

[0070] El almacén (M) de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) de cartulina o cartón consiste en un foso (4) para la colocación de una pila de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T), y de un sistema de alimentación (40) para la alimentación de pilas sucesivas de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) en el foso (4).[0070] The storage (M) of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) of cardboard or paperboard consists of a pit (4) for placing a stack of flat tubular die-cut templates (T), and a feeding system (40) for feeding successive stacks of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) into the pit (4).

[0071] Por ejemplo, en una segunda posible realización, tal como se ilustra, por ejemplo, en las figuras 1 y 4, el sistema de alimentación (40) puede comprender un cajón (41), o un carro (41) con un plano de apoyo para una pila de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) que pueden insertarse en el foso (4) y extraerse del mismo.[0071] For example, in a second possible embodiment, as illustrated, for example, in Figures 1 and 4, the feeding system (40) may comprise a drawer (41), or a carriage (41) with a support surface for a stack of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) that can be inserted into and removed from the pit (4).

[0072] En otra posible realización, como por ejemplo las ilustradas en las figuras 10, 11, 12, el sistema de alimentación (40) puede comprender una cinta transportadora (42) dispuesta para recibir en reposo, sucesivamente, una serie de pilas de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) y que puede activarse para alimentar y posicionar una pila a la vez en el foso (4).[0072] In another possible embodiment, such as those illustrated in Figures 10, 11, 12, the feeding system (40) may comprise a conveyor belt (42) arranged to receive at rest, successively, a series of stacks of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) and which can be activated to feed and position one stack at a time in the pit (4).

[0073] También puede haber un almacén auxiliar (6), que se dispone por encima de la cinta transportadora (42) y tiene una serie de planos móviles para el soporte de las respectivas pilas de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T), donde los planos móviles son activables verticalmente para llevar las respectivas pilas de plantillas troqueladas tubulares (T) por encima de la cinta transportadora (42).[0073] There may also be an auxiliary storage (6), which is arranged above the conveyor belt (42) and has a series of movable planes for supporting the respective stacks of flat tubular die-cut templates (T), wherein the movable planes are vertically actuatable to carry the respective stacks of tubular die-cut templates (T) above the conveyor belt (42).

[0074] En cualquier caso, en los casos de ambas realizaciones posibles, un elevador (46) está presente en el foso (4) para elevar la pila de plantillas troqueladas tubulares (T) posicionadas en el foso (4) progresivamente a medida que las pilas de plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) son recogidas y extraídas del almacén (M), de tal forma que la plantilla troquelada tubular plana más superior de la pila de plantillas troqueladas que quedan en el almacén (M) se sitúe siempre a la misma altura.[0074] In any case, in both possible embodiments, an elevator (46) is present in the pit (4) to progressively raise the stack of tubular die-cut templates (T) positioned in the pit (4) as the stacks of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) are collected and extracted from the warehouse (M), so that the highest flat tubular die-cut template in the stack of die-cut templates remaining in the warehouse (M) is always at the same height.

[0075] La estación de recogida y apertura (SP) de las plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) comprende: un primer robot antropomórfico (7), montado sobre un soporte fijo (70) situado en las proximidades del almacén (M), para el movimiento de un primer cabezal de aspiración-recogida (71); un brazo de recogida (72) provisto de ventosas, móvil entre una posición bajada y una posición elevada con respecto a la línea de transporte inferior (D1) del sistema de transporte (D), y una paleta (73) que puede activarse en rotación con respecto a un eje horizontal (véanse, por ejemplo, las figuras 3, 4, 5, 9, 10).[0075] The pickup and opening station (SP) for flat tubular die-cut templates (T) comprises: a first anthropomorphic robot (7), mounted on a fixed support (70) located in the vicinity of the storage (M), for the movement of a first suction-pickup head (71); a pickup arm (72) provided with suction cups, movable between a lowered position and a raised position with respect to the lower transport line (D1) of the transport system (D), and a paddle (73) that can be activated in rotation with respect to a horizontal axis (see, for example, Figures 3, 4, 5, 9, 10).

[0076] Con más detalle, el primer cabezal de aspiración-recogida (71) es movido por el primer robot antropomórfico (7) para recoger por aspiración unas plantillas troqueladas tubulares planas (T) del almacén (M) actuando sobre la hoja superior (T1) y llevar la plantilla troquelada tubular plana (T) a una posición entre la línea de transporte inferior (D1) y la línea de transporte superior (D2) del sistema de transporte (D), mientras que el brazo de recogida (72) provisto de ventosas de aspiración puede activarse de la posición bajada a la posición elevada para que se apoye y retenga, por aspiración, una cara de la hoja inferior (T2) de la plantilla troquelada tubular plana (T) y de modo que se lleve de nuevo a la posición bajada para alejar la hoja inferior (T2) de la hoja superior (T1) provocando el desprendimiento entre las dos hojas (T1, T2) y una apertura parcial de la plantilla troquelada.[0076] In more detail, the first suction-collection head (71) is moved by the first anthropomorphic robot (7) to suction-pick up flat tubular die-cut templates (T) from the storage (M) by acting on the upper sheet (T1) and carry the flat tubular die-cut template (T) to a position between the lower transport line (D1) and the upper transport line (D2) of the transport system (D), while the collection arm (72) provided with suction cups can be activated from the lowered position to the raised position so that it supports and retains, by suction, one face of the lower sheet (T2) of the flat tubular die-cut template (T) and so that it is brought back to the lowered position to move the lower sheet (T2) away from the upper sheet (T1) causing the detachment between the two sheets (T1, T2) and a partial opening of the die-cut template.

[0077] A su vez, la paleta (73) puede activarse en rotación alrededor del eje de rotación horizontal de tal manera que toque una cara de salida de la hoja inferior (T2) no retenida por las ventosas del brazo de recogida (72) y doble la cara de salida de tal manera que abra la plantilla troquelada, formando una caja de envasado (S) insertada e interpuesta entre la línea de transporte inferior (D1) y la línea de transporte superior (D2) del sistema de transporte (D).[0077] In turn, the paddle (73) can be activated in rotation around the horizontal rotation axis in such a way that it touches an exit face of the lower sheet (T2) not retained by the suction cups of the pickup arm (72) and folds the exit face in such a way as to open the die-cut template, forming a packaging box (S) inserted and interposed between the lower transport line (D1) and the upper transport line (D2) of the transport system (D).

[0078] Un aspecto particular y ventajoso se refiere al hecho de que el primer cabezal de aspiración de recogida (71) está conformado y dimensionado para ser directamente insertable en el espacio existente entre la tercera cinta transportadora (3) y la cuarta cinta transportadora (4) de la línea de transporte superior (D2) del sistema de transporte (D), lo que permite abrir las cajas de embalaje directamente entre las dos líneas de transporte.[0078] A particular and advantageous aspect relates to the fact that the first collection suction head (71) is shaped and sized to be directly insertable into the space existing between the third conveyor belt (3) and the fourth conveyor belt (4) of the upper transport line (D2) of the transport system (D), thus allowing the packaging boxes to be opened directly between the two transport lines.

[0079] La estación de recogida y agrupamiento (G) comprende una pared de bloqueo (45), que es activable transversalmente a la línea de transporte (L) de forma que bloquea el avance de las cajas de cartón (P) hacia la salida (OUT) de la línea de transporte (L), y un segundo robot antropomórfico (8) montado sobre un bastidor fijo (81) posicionado flanqueando a la línea de transporte (L), en un lado opuesto con respecto al plano de acumulación (G1), para el movimiento de un segundo cabezal de aspiración-recogida (82).[0079] The collection and grouping station (G) comprises a blocking wall (45), which is transversely actuatable to the transport line (L) so as to block the advance of the cardboard boxes (P) towards the exit (OUT) of the transport line (L), and a second anthropomorphic robot (8) mounted on a fixed frame (81) positioned flanking the transport line (L), on an opposite side with respect to the accumulation plane (G1), for the movement of a second suction-collection head (82).

[0080] El segundo robot antropomórfico (8) puede activarse para mover el segundo cabezal de recogida (82) con el fin de recoger las cajas de cartón (P) que han alcanzado el tope contra la pared de bloqueo (45) y con el fin de transferir las cajas de cartón para que descansen en el plano de acumulación (G1) hasta formar un grupo de cajas de cartón (P) aptas para ser insertadas en una caja de envasado abierta (S) y transportadas entre la línea de transporte inferior (D1) y la línea de transporte superior (D2) del sistema de transporte (D) hasta el plano de acumulación (G1) (véanse, por ejemplo, las figuras 2, 6, 8).[0080] The second anthropomorphic robot (8) can be activated to move the second picking head (82) in order to pick up the cardboard boxes (P) that have reached the stop against the blocking wall (45) and in order to transfer the cardboard boxes to rest on the accumulation plane (G1) to form a group of cardboard boxes (P) suitable to be inserted into an open packaging box (S) and transported between the lower conveyor line (D1) and the upper conveyor line (D2) of the conveyor system (D) to the accumulation plane (G1) (see, for example, Figures 2, 6, 8).

[0081] Por lo tanto, el segundo robot antropomórfico (8) también puede activarse para mover el segundo cabezal de recogida (82) de tal manera que el segundo cabezal de recogida (82), mediante una pared de empuje (83) montada en el mismo, pueda empujar y trasladar el grupo de cajas de cartón formado en el plano de acumulación (G1) hacia el interior de la caja de envasado (S) posicionada por el sistema de transporte (D) en el plano de acumulación (G1), a través del segundo cabezal abierto de la caja de envasado (S) orientado hacia la línea de transporte (L) (véase, por ejemplo, la figura 7).[0081] Therefore, the second anthropomorphic robot (8) can also be activated to move the second picking head (82) in such a way that the second picking head (82), by means of a push wall (83) mounted thereon, can push and move the group of cardboard boxes formed on the accumulation plane (G1) into the packaging box (S) positioned by the transport system (D) on the accumulation plane (G1), through the second open head of the packaging box (S) oriented towards the transport line (L) (see, for example, figure 7).

[0082] En particular, el plano de acumulación (G1) comprende dos paredes de contención opuestas (84, 85), definiendo entre las mismas un espacio de almacenamiento para la formación de los grupos de cajas de cartón, y en donde el plano de acumulación (G1) puede desplazarse hacia el sistema de transporte (D) y está configurado para insertarse parcialmente en el segundo cabezal abierto de la caja de envasado (S) con el fin de acompañar la inserción del grupo de cajas de cartón en la caja de envasado (S).[0082] In particular, the accumulation plane (G1) comprises two opposing containment walls (84, 85), defining between them a storage space for the formation of groups of cardboard boxes, and wherein the accumulation plane (G1) can be moved towards the transport system (D) and is configured to be partially inserted into the second open head of the packaging box (S) in order to accompany the insertion of the group of cardboard boxes into the packaging box (S).

[0083] La máquina de envasado (100) también está hecha de tal manera que comprende además una estación de etiquetado (SL) situada entre el sistema de transporte (D) y la estación de transferencia (E) y que comprende un dispositivo para aplicar etiquetas (DL), montado de forma móvil en un bastidor de soporte respectivo (TL), y configurado para aplicar, en las cajas de envasado cerradas (S) que salen del sistema de transporte (S), y que contienen internamente grupos de cartones, al menos una etiqueta que contenga información identificativa de los grupos de cajas de cartón envasados en las cajas de envasado (S).[0083] The packaging machine (100) is also made in such a way that it further comprises a labeling station (SL) located between the transport system (D) and the transfer station (E) and comprising a label-applying device (DL), movably mounted on a respective support frame (TL), and configured to apply, on the closed packaging boxes (S) coming out of the transport system (S), and internally containing groups of cartons, at least one label containing identifying information of the groups of cartons packaged in the packaging boxes (S).

[0084] Otro aspecto preferido de la máquina de envasado (100) se refiere al hecho de que la estación de transferencia (E) comprende una placa de pesaje (W), para pesar las cajas de envasado cerradas (S) con grupos de cajas de cartón en su interior, y para verificar si el peso de las cajas de envasado (S) corresponde a un peso prefijado basándose en el número y los grupos de cajas de cartón insertados en su interior.[0084] Another preferred aspect of the packaging machine (100) relates to the fact that the transfer station (E) comprises a weighing plate (W), for weighing closed packaging boxes (S) with groups of cardboard boxes inside, and for checking whether the weight of the packaging boxes (S) corresponds to a preset weight based on the number and groups of cardboard boxes inserted inside.

[0085] A este respecto, la estación de transferencia (E) comprende además un transportador de descarga (H) al que se transfieren las cajas de envasado (S) que tienen un peso no conforme con respecto al valor de peso prefijado. La máquina de envasado (100) también dispone de primeros medios de aplicación de cola que están dispuestos y configurados para aplicar cola sobre la solapa de cierre (A2) articulada a la segunda pared lateral (S2) y/o sobre la solapa de cierre (A1) articulada a la primera pared lateral (S1) del segundo cabezal de las cajas de envasado (S) antes de que los segundos medios de plegado (F2) plieguen las dos solapas de cierre (A1, A2) para el cierre del segundo cabezal de las cajas de envasado (S), y segundos medios de aplicación de cola que están dispuestos y configurados para aplicar cola sobre la solapa de cierre (A2) articulada a la segunda pared lateral (S2) y/o sobre la solapa de cierre (A1) articulada a la primera pared lateral (S1) del primer cabezal de las cajas de envasado (S) antes de que los cuartos medios de plegado (F4) plieguen las solapas (A1, A2) para el cierre del primer cabezal de las cajas de envasado (S). La solución descrita es especialmente recomendable y puede utilizarse cuando las plantillas troqueladas tubulares, con las que se fabrican las cajas de envasado, son de cartulina.[0085] In this respect, the transfer station (E) further comprises an unloading conveyor (H) to which the packaging boxes (S) that have a weight that does not conform to the preset weight value are transferred. The packaging machine (100) also has first glue application means that are arranged and configured to apply glue to the closing flap (A2) hinged to the second side wall (S2) and/or to the closing flap (A1) hinged to the first side wall (S1) of the second packaging box head (S) before the second folding means (F2) fold the two closing flaps (A1, A2) for the closure of the second packaging box head (S), and second glue application means that are arranged and configured to apply glue to the closing flap (A2) hinged to the second side wall (S2) and/or to the closing flap (A1) hinged to the first side wall (S1) of the first packaging box head (S) before the fourth folding means (F4) fold the flaps (A1, A2) for the closure of the first packaging box head (S). The solution described is especially recommended and can be used when the tubular die-cut templates, with which the packaging boxes are manufactured, are made of cardboard.

[0086] En cambio, en un caso en el que las plantillas troqueladas tubulares son de cartón, es decir, de un material ligeramente más grueso y menos flexible, en otro posible modo de instalación, como se ilustra, por ejemplo, en las figuras 14 y 15, la máquina de envasado (100) puede comprender, bilateralmente a la línea de transporte (D), primeros medios (91) de aplicación de cinta adhesiva, dispuestos a continuación de los segundos medios de plegado (F2), para aplicar una cinta adhesiva de cierre al menos en el segundo cabezal cerrado de las cajas de envasado (S), y segundos medios de aplicación (92) de cinta adhesiva, dispuestos a continuación de los cuartos medios de plegado (F4), para aplicar una cinta adhesiva de cierre al menos en el primer cabezal cerrado de las cajas de envasado (S).[0086] In contrast, in a case where the tubular die-cut templates are made of cardboard, i.e., a slightly thicker and less flexible material, in another possible installation mode, as illustrated, for example, in Figures 14 and 15, the packaging machine (100) may comprise, bilaterally to the conveying line (D), first adhesive tape application means (91), arranged after the second folding means (F2), for applying a sealing adhesive tape at least to the second closed end of the packaging boxes (S), and second adhesive tape application means (92), arranged after the fourth folding means (F4), for applying a sealing adhesive tape at least to the first closed end of the packaging boxes (S).

[0088] La descripción precedente se ha hecho con referencia a cajas que contienen artículos farmacéuticos y/o cosméticos: se precisa que la máquina de envasado de la invención puede también efectuar la inserción de otros tipos de productos dentro de cajas de envasado destinadas después a ser embaladas dentro de cajas de embalaje en una encartonadora.[0088] The preceding description has been made with reference to boxes containing pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic articles: it is specified that the packaging machine of the invention can also insert other types of products into packaging boxes intended to be subsequently packed into packing boxes in a cartoning machine.

Claims

1. CLAIMS

1. A packaging machine (100) for packaging groups of products, such as cardboard boxes (P) containing pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic articles, inside packaging boxes (S) formed from flat tubular die-cut templates (T) of cardboard or paperboard, and intended to be inserted inside a cardboard packaging box, comprising:

a transport conduit (L) having an inlet (IN) and an outlet (OUT) and can be activated according to a main transport direction (L1) from the inlet (IN) to the outlet (OUT) and configured to receive, at the inlet (IN), carton boxes (P) from an outlet line (MA) of a cartoner and transport the carton boxes (P) according to the main transport direction (L1) towards the outlet (OUT),

a storage (M) of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) of cardboard or paperboard, inside which the flat tubular die-cut templates (T) are arranged stacked on top of each other, wherein the storage (M) is arranged flanking the transport line (L) in a first position (P1) downstream of the entrance (IN) thereof, each flat tubular die-cut template (T) comprises an upper sheet (T1) and a lower sheet (T2), hinged together by the respective creasing lines, wherein the upper sheet (T1) comprises a first face and a second face hinged together by means of a first folding line, and the lower sheet (T2) comprises a third face and a fourth face hinged together by means of a second folding line, the faces comprising, at the two respective transverse ends, respective closing flaps (A1, A2; A3', A4');

a collection and opening station (SP) for flat tubular die-cut templates (T), configured to collect the flat tubular die-cut pieces (T) from the warehouse (M) and to open the tubular die-cut pieces with the first, second, third, and fourth faces arranged perpendicularly to each other so as to form the four side walls (S1, S2, S3, S4) of the packaging boxes (S) with the relative cross heads open and with the closing flaps (A1, A2, A3, A4) protruding from the opposite ends of the four side walls (S1, S2, S3, S4) on the open cross heads;

A conveying system (D), arranged flanking and parallel to the main conveying line (L) and consecutively to the storage area (M), and comprising a lower conveying line (D1) and an upper conveying line (D2) facing each other and actuatable in respective transport directions parallel to each other and parallel to the main transport direction (L1) of the conveying line (L), wherein the picking and opening station (SP) for the die-cut templates (T) and the conveying system (D) are configured and arranged alternately such that the packaging boxes (S) are opened such that the longitudinal axis of the packaging boxes (S) is arranged transversely and perpendicularly to the conveying line (L) and such that the packaging boxes (S) are inserted and arranged between the lower conveying line (D1) and the upper conveying line (D2), with a first side wall (S1) supported on the lower conveying line (D1), with a second side wall (S2) oriented and parallel to the first side wall (S1), in contact with the upper conveyor line (D2), and with a third front side wall (S3) and a fourth rear side wall (S4) facing each other at right angles to the first (S1) and second (S2) side wall, and with a first open crosshead projecting from a first side of the conveyor system (D) and oriented towards the conveyor line (L) and with a second open crosshead projecting from a second side of the conveyor system (D), on the opposite side with respect to the conveyor line (L),

a cardboard box collection and grouping station (G), arranged downstream of the die-cut template collection and opening station (SP), and comprising an accumulation plane (G1) arranged between the conveyor line (L) and the conveyor system (D), the collection and grouping station (G) being configured, when activated, to stop the cardboard boxes (P) in their advance along the conveyor line (L) on the accumulation plane (G1), to collect the cardboard boxes (P) from the conveyor line (L) and place the cardboard boxes (P) on the accumulation plane (G1) forming groups of items with a height and width suitable for insertion into the open packaging boxes (S),

characterized in that the lower transport line (D1) and the upper transport line (D2) of the transport system (D) can be activated to successively transport the packaging boxes (S):

first folding means (F1), arranged flanking the transport system (D) on an opposite side with respect to the transport line (L), and configured to stop and fold the closing flaps (A3, A4) hinged to the edges of the third (S3) and fourth (S4) side walls of the packaging boxes (S) to partially close the second crosshead of the packaging boxes (S), to the accumulation plane (G1) of the collection and grouping station (G) of the carton boxes (P), wherein the collection and grouping station (G) of the carton boxes is further configured to transfer the groups of carton boxes formed on the accumulation plane (G1) into the packaging boxes (S) through the first open crosshead of the packaging boxes (S);

to the second folding means (F2), arranged flanking the transport system (D) on an opposite side with respect to the transport line (L), and which are configured to stop and fold, in succession, the closing flap (A2) hinged to the second side wall (S2) and then the closing flap (A1) hinged to the first side wall (S1) of the second packaging box head (S), to completely close the second packaging box head (S),

to the third folding means (F3), arranged between the transport line (L) and the transport system (D), configured to stop and fold the closing flaps (A3, A4) articulated to the third (S3) and fourth (S4) side walls of the packaging boxes (S) at the first head to partially close the first

packaging box head (S);

to the folding means quarters (F4), arranged between the transport line (L) and the transport system (D), consecutively to the folding means thirds (F3), configured to stop and fold the closing flaps (A1, A2) articulated to the first (S1) and second (S2) side walls of the packaging boxes (S) at the first head to completely close the first head;

to a transfer station (E), arranged downstream of the transport system (D), configured to receive, from the transport system (D), the packaging boxes (S) which contain the groups of cardboard boxes and which are closed in the two respective heads, and to move them towards the transport line (L), in such a way that the transport line (L) can transport the packaging boxes (S) to the relative exit (OUT), from which the packaging boxes (S) can be transferred to the entrance (MC) of a cartoner for insertion into a packaging box.

2. The packaging machine (100) according to claim 1, wherein the lower conveyor line (D1) of the conveyor system (D) comprises a first conveyor belt (1) wound in a closed loop on relative pulleys (10), at least one of which is a drive pulley, and a second conveyor belt (2) wound in a closed loop on relative pulleys (20), at least one of which is a drive pulley, the first conveyor belt (1) and the second conveyor belt (2) being arranged flanking and parallel to each other, and parallel to the conveyor line (L), and being actuatable such that the relative upper branches are actuated in sync and in accordance with a first same conveyor direction (V1) that is parallel and concordant with the main conveyor direction (L1) of the conveyor line, wherein the upper branches of the first conveyor belt (1) and of the second conveyor belt (2) are intended to receive the first side wall at rest. (S1) of the open packaging boxes (S), wherein the second conveyor line (D2) of the conveyor system (D) comprises a third conveyor belt (3) wound in a closed loop on relative pulleys (30), at least one of which is a drive pulley, and a fourth conveyor belt (4) wound in a closed loop on relative pulleys (40), at least one of which is a drive pulley, the third conveyor belt (3) and the fourth conveyor belt (4) being arranged flanking and parallel to each other, and parallel to the conveyor line (L), and arranged above, respectively, the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts, and being actuatable such that the relative lower branches are actuated in sync and in accordance with a second same conveyor direction (V2) which is parallel and concordant with the main conveyor direction (L1) of the conveyor line and with the first conveyor direction (V1) of the upper branches of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts, wherein the lower branches of the third conveyor belt (3) and the fourth conveyor belt (4) are intended to abut the second side wall (S2), oriented and parallel to the first side wall (S1), of the open packaging boxes (S).

3. The packaging machine (100) according to claim 2, wherein the first conveyor belt (1) and the second conveyor belt (2) comprise, respectively, teeth (11) and (21) arranged so as to be flanked and aligned with each other, and wherein the third conveyor belt (3) and the fourth conveyor belt (4) comprise, respectively, teeth (31) and (41) arranged so as to be flanked and aligned with each other, with the first belt (1), the second belt (2), the third belt (3), and the fourth (4) being configured, alternatively, such that the teeth (11, 21) of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts are staggered with respect to the teeth (31, 41) of the third (3) and fourth (4) conveyor belts such that a seat is defined between them for the insertion and placement of the open packaging boxes (S), with the teeth (31, 41) of the third (3) and fourth (4) conveyor belts arranged to butt against the fourth exit side wall (S4) of the packaging boxes (S) in order to exert a pushing action on the packaging boxes (S), and with the teeth (11, 21) of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts arranged to butt against the third entry side wall (S3) of the packaging boxes (S) during their transport, so that the packaging boxes (S) are kept open, i.e., at a right angle, during their transport and transfer along the conveyor line (D) before being filled with the groups of cardboard boxes (P).

4. The packaging machine (100) according to claim 3, wherein the first conveyor belt (1), the second conveyor belt (2), the third conveyor belt (3), and the fourth conveyor belt (4) are configured in such a way that the alternating position between the teeth (11, 21) of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts and the teeth (31, 41) of the third (3) and fourth (4) conveyor belts can be adjusted and varied in such a way that the alternating distance thereof is adapted according to the width of the open packaging boxes (S).

5. The packaging machine (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the lower conveyor line (D1) of the conveyor system (D) further comprises a fifth conveyor belt (5) wound in a closed loop on respective pulleys (50), at least one of which is a drive pulley, which is arranged interposed between the first conveyor belt (1) and the second conveyor belt (2), and has a shorter extension relative to the same, wherein the fifth conveyor belt (5) comprises respective teeth (51), the fifth conveyor belt (5) being configured and arranged with respect to the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts such that the respective upper branch is activated in sync with and in accordance with a third conveying direction (V3) which is parallel and concordant with the first conveying direction (V1) of the upper branches of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts, with the teeth

(51) of the fifth conveyor belt (5) being staggered with respect to the teeth (11, 21) of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts in such a way that the teeth (51) of the fifth conveyor belt (5) rest on the fourth exit side wall (S4) of the open packaging boxes (S) after the packaging boxes (S) have been filled with groups of cardboard boxes (P) on the accumulation plane (G1) of the collection and grouping station (G), to exert on the packaging boxes (S) a supplementary pushing action to the action exerted by the teeth (31, 41) of the third (3) and fourth (4) conveyor belts.

6. The packaging machine (100) according to claim 5, wherein the first conveyor belt (1), the second conveyor belt (2), and the fifth conveyor belt (5) are configured in such a way that the alternating position between the teeth (11, 21) of the first (1) and second (2) conveyor belts and the teeth (51) of the fifth conveyor belt (5) can be adjusted and varied in such a way that the alternating distance thereof is adapted according to the width of the packaging boxes (S) to be opened.

7. The packaging machine (100) according to the preceding claim, wherein the position of the third (3) and fourth (4) conveyor belts can be adjusted and varied with respect to the position of the first (1), second (2) and fifth (5) conveyor belts so that the alternate distance can be adjusted and varied according to the height of the packaging boxes (S) to be opened.

8. The packaging machine (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the storage (M) of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) of cardboard or paperboard consists of a pit (4) for placing a stack of flat tubular die-cut templates (T), and a feeding system (40) for feeding successive stacks of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) into the pit (4).

9. The packaging machine (100) according to claim 8, wherein the feeding system (40) comprises a carriage (41) with a support surface for a stack of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) that can be inserted into and removed from the pit (4).

10. The packaging machine (100) according to claim 8, wherein the feeding system (40) comprises a conveyor belt (42) arranged to receive, successively, a series of stacks of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) and which can be activated to feed and position one stack at a time in the pit (4).

11. The packaging machine (100) according to claim 10, comprising an auxiliary storage (6) arranged above the conveyor belt (42) and having a series of movable planes for supporting the respective stacks of flat tubular die-cut templates (T), wherein the movable planes are vertically actuatable to carry the respective stacks of tubular die-cut templates (T) above the conveyor belt (42).

12. The packaging machine (100) according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein an elevator (46) is present in the pit (4) to progressively raise the stack of tubular die-cut templates (T) positioned in the pit (4) as the stacks of flat tubular die-cut templates (T) are collected and extracted from the storage (M), such that the uppermost flat tubular die-cut template of the stack of die-cut templates remaining in the storage (M) is always at the same height.

13. The packaging machine (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 12, wherein the collection and opening station (SP) for the flat tubular die-cut templates (T) comprises: a first anthropomorphic robot (7), mounted on a fixed support (70) located in the vicinity of the storage area (M), for the movement of a first suction-collection head (71); A pickup arm (72) equipped with suction cups, movable between a lowered position and a raised position with respect to the lower conveyor line (D1) of the conveyor system (D), and a paddle (73) that can be activated to rotate about a horizontal axis, wherein the first suction-pickup head (71) is moved by the first anthropomorphic robot (7) to pick up by suction flat tubular die-cut templates (T) from the storage (M) by acting on the upper sheet (T1) and carry the flat tubular die-cut template (T) to a position between the lower conveyor line (D1) and the upper conveyor line (D2) of the conveyor system (D), and wherein the pickup arm (72) equipped with suction cups can be activated from the lowered position to the raised position so that it abuts and retains, by suction, one face of the lower sheet (T2) of the flat tubular die-cut template (T) and so that it is brought back to the lowered position to move away the lower sheet (T2) of the upper sheet (T1) causing detachment between the two sheets (T1, T2) and a partial opening of the die-cut template, and wherein the paddle (73) can be activated in rotation about the horizontal rotation axis in such a way that it touches an exit face of the lower sheet (T2) not retained by the suction cups of the pickup arm (72) and folds the exit face in such a way as to open the die-cut template, forming a packaging box (S) inserted and interposed between the lower conveying line (D1) and the upper conveying line (D2) of the conveying system (D).

14. The packaging machine (100) according to claim 13, wherein the first collection suction head (71) is shaped and sized to be inserted between the third conveyor belt (3) and the fourth conveyor belt (4) of the upper transport line (D2) of the transport system (D).

15. The packaging machine (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the collection and grouping station (G) comprises a blocking wall (45), actuatable transversely to the conveyor line (L) so as to block the advance of the cardboard boxes (P) towards the exit (OUT) of the conveyor line (L), and a second anthropomorphic robot (8) mounted on a fixed frame (81) positioned flanking the conveyor line (L), on an opposite side with respect to the accumulation plane (G1), for the movement of a second suction-collection head (82), wherein the second anthropomorphic robot (8) can be activated to move the second collection head (82) in order to collect the cardboard boxes (P) that have reached the stop against the blocking wall (45) and in order to transfer the cardboard boxes to rest on the accumulation plane (G1) until forming a group of cardboard boxes (P) suitable for insertion. in an open packaging box (S) and transported between the lower transport line (D1) and the upper transport line (D2) of the transport system (D) to the accumulation plane (G1), and wherein the second anthropomorphic robot (8) can also be activated to move the second picking head (82) in such a way that the second picking head (82), by means of a push wall (83) mounted thereon, can push and move the group of cardboard boxes formed on the accumulation plane (G1) into the packaging box (S) positioned by the transport system (D) on the accumulation plane (G1), through the second open head of the packaging box (S) oriented towards the transport line (L).

16. The packaging machine (100) according to claim 15, wherein the accumulation plane (G1) comprises two opposing containment walls (84, 85), defining between them a storage space for forming groups of cardboard boxes, and wherein the accumulation plane (G1) can be moved towards the transport system (D) and is configured to be partially inserted into the second open head of the packaging box (S) in order to accompany the insertion of the group of cardboard boxes into the packaging box (S).

17. The packaging machine (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a labeling station (SL) located between the transport system (D) and the transfer station (E) and comprising a label application device (DL), movably mounted on a respective support frame (TL), and configured to apply, on the closed packaging boxes (S) coming out of the transport system (S), and internally containing groups of cardboard boxes, at least one label containing identifying information of the groups of cardboard boxes packaged in the packaging boxes (S).

18. The packaging machine (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the transfer station (E) comprises a weighing plate (W) for weighing closed packaging boxes (S) with groups of cardboard boxes inside, and for verifying whether the weight of the packaging boxes (S) corresponds to a preset weight based on the number and groups of cardboard boxes inserted inside, wherein the transfer station (E) further comprises a discharge conveyor (H) to which packaging boxes (S) having a weight that does not conform to the preset weight value are transferred.

19. The packaging machine (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising first glue application means arranged and configured to apply glue to the closing flap (A2) hinged to the second side wall (S2) and/or to the closing flap (A1) hinged to the first side wall (S1) of the second packaging box head (S) before the second folding means (F2) fold the two closing flaps (A1, A2) for the closure of the second packaging box head (S), and second glue application means arranged and configured to apply glue to the closing flap (A2) hinged to the second side wall (S2) and/or to the closing flap (A1) hinged to the first side wall (S1) of the first packaging box head (S) before the fourth folding means (F4) fold the flaps (A1, A2) for the closure of the first head of the packaging boxes (S).

20. The packaging machine (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 18, comprising, bilaterally to the transport line (D), first adhesive tape application means (91), arranged after the second folding means (F2), for applying a sealing adhesive tape at least on the second closed head of the packaging boxes (S), and second adhesive tape application means (92), arranged after the fourth folding means (F4), for applying a sealing adhesive tape at least on the first closed head of the packaging boxes (S).