ES3030263T3 - Multi-purpose tile system and tile covering - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multipurpose tile system, in particular a floor tile system, comprising several multipurpose tiles, in particular floor, wall, or ceiling tiles. The invention also relates to a tile covering, in particular a floor, ceiling, or wall covering, composed of interlocking tiles according to the invention. The invention also relates to a tile for use in a multipurpose tile system according to the invention. (Automatic translation with Google Translate, no legal value)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Multi-purpose tile and tile cladding system

The invention relates to a multipurpose tile system, in particular a floor tile system, comprising a plurality of multipurpose tiles, in particular floor tiles, wall tiles, or ceiling tiles. The invention also relates to a tile covering, in particular a floor covering, a ceiling covering, or a wall covering, consisting of mutually coupled tiles according to the invention.

In the last decade, there has been tremendous progress in the laminate market for hard flooring. Floor panels can be installed over an underlying floor in several ways. For example, floor panels are fixed to the underlying floor, either by gluing or nailing. This technique has the disadvantage that it is quite complicated and subsequent changes can only be made by breaking the floor panels. According to an alternative installation method, the floor panels are installed loosely on the subfloor, whereby the floor panels fit together by means of a tongue-and-groove connection, so that most are also glued in the tongue and groove. The floor obtained this way, also called floating parquet flooring, has the advantage of being easy to install and that the entire floor surface can be moved, which is often convenient to accommodate potential expansion and contraction phenomena. One disadvantage of a floor covering of the aforementioned type, especially if the floor panels are installed loosely on the subfloor, is that during the expansion and subsequent contraction of the floor, the floor panels themselves can separate, resulting in unwanted gaps, for example, if the adhesive bond breaks. To remedy this drawback, techniques have been devised in which metal connecting elements are provided between the individual floor panels to hold them together. However, these connecting elements are quite expensive to manufacture and, moreover, their supply or installation is time-consuming. Floor panels with complementary shaped coupling pieces on opposite edges of the panel are also known. These known panels are typically rectangular and have complementary shaped, downward-angled coupling pieces on opposite long edges of the panel and complementary shaped, downward-bent coupling pieces on opposite short edges of the panel. The installation of these known floor panels is based on the so-called fold-down technique, in which the long edge of a first panel to be installed is first coupled with or inserted into the long edge of a second panel already installed in a first row, after which the short edge of the first panel is coupled with the short edge of a third panel already installed in a second row during the lowering (folding down) of the first panel, which installation meets the intended requirement of simple installation. In this way, a floor covering consisting of a plurality of parallel-oriented rows of mutually coupled floor panels can be realized. WO 2019/138365 A1 discloses the features of the preamble of claims 1 and 2.

It is a first objective of the invention to provide a multi-purpose tile system, in which the tiles can be coupled to each other in an improved manner.

It is a second objective of the invention to provide a multi-purpose tile system, in which the tiles can be coupled and decoupled from each other in an improved manner.

It is a third objective of the invention to provide a multipurpose tile system, in which a greater degree of freedom can be achieved during the installation of the tiles.

It is a fourth objective of the invention to provide a multipurpose tile system, in which special installation patterns, such as herringbone patterns, can be realized in an improved manner.

It is a fifth objective of the invention to provide a multipurpose tile system, in which the tiles can be produced in a relatively cost-effective manner.

At least one of these objectives can be achieved by providing a multipurpose system according to claim 1 and/or claim 2, wherein the tiles, and preferably each tile, comprises: at least a first edge having a first coupling profile comprising: a side tab extending in a direction substantially parallel to the upper side of the tile, at least a first descending flank located at a distance from the side tab, and a first descending recess formed between the side tab and the first descending flank, at least a second edge having a second coupling profile comprising: a descending tab extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the upper side of the tile, at least a second descending flank located at a distance from the descending tab, a second descending recess formed between the descending tab and the descending flank, and preferably at least a second locking element, more preferably provided on the second descending flank of the second coupling profile; at least one third edge, and preferably at least two third edges, each third edge having a third coupling profile comprising: a third recess configured to accommodate at least a portion of the lateral tab of the first coupling profile of another tile and at least a portion of the descending tab of another tile, said third recess being defined by an upper lip and a lower lip, wherein said lower lip is provided with an upward locking element, and preferably at least one third locking element, more preferably provided on a distal side of the lower lip facing away from the third recess and/or a distal side of the upward locking element facing away from the third recess; wherein the proximal side of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile, facing the third recess, is at least partially, preferably completely, inclined upwards in a direction opposite to the upper lip, wherein the proximal side of the upward locking element comprises a third lower contact portion extending in a first direction and a third upper contact portion extending in a second direction, optionally offset from the first direction, wherein the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that two of said tiles can be coupled to each other at the first and third edges by a turning movement, wherein, in coupled condition: at least a part of the lateral tongue of the first coupling profile of one tile is inserted into the third recess of the third coupling profile of an adjacent tile, at least a part of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile is inserted into the first downward recess of the first coupling profile, and a proximal side of the lateral tongue, facing the first downward flank, cooperates with the third upper contact portion and/or the third lower contact portion of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile, and wherein the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that those two tiles can be coupled to each other at the second and third edges, preferably by a downward bending motion and/or a vertical motion and/or a substantially horizontal motion, wherein, in coupled condition: at least a portion of the downward tongue of the second coupling profile is inserted into the third recess of the third coupling profile of an adjacent tile, at least a portion of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile is inserted into the second downward recess of the second coupling profile, at least one second locking element faces, and preferably cooperates with, at least one third locking element to achieve a vertical locking effect, and a proximal side of the downward tongue, facing the second downward flank, of the second coupling profile cooperates with the third lower contact portion and/or the third upper contact portion of the upward locking element of third coupling profile.

An advantage of the combination of the (optional) presence of a second locking element, preferably provided on the second descending flank, and a third locking element, preferably provided on a distal side of the lower lip facing away from the third recess and/or a distal side of the ascending locking element facing away from the third recess, on the one hand, and at least a portion of the proximal side of the ascending locking element of the third coupling profile, facing the third recess, inclined upwards in the opposite direction to the upper lip, on the other hand, is that the coupling of adjacent panels is quite simple, while sufficient (vertical) mutual locking between said panels can be ensured. The absence of locking elements in said positions in combination with the so-called open slot structure can lead to an unstable locking situation between the male and female coupling parts of adjacent panels, in particular for the coupling between the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile. The presence of the second and third locking elements described can also prevent the male coupling part of the second coupling profile from shifting (slightly) and, in particular, from tilting (slightly), for example, toward the open space of the third recess, during use. In this way, friction between adjacent panels in a coupled state can be avoided.

Typically, each tile of the tile system according to the invention comprises at least a first coupling profile, at least a second coupling profile, and at least a third coupling profile, and preferably a plurality, for example two, of third coupling profiles. However, it is conceivable that at least a first tile (a first type of tile) comprises at least a first coupling profile and at least a third coupling profile, without having a second coupling profile, while a second tile (a second type of tile) comprises at least a second coupling profile and at least a third coupling profile, without having a first coupling profile. Alternatively, it is conceivable, for example, that at least a first tile (a first type of tile) comprises at least a first coupling profile and at least a second coupling profile, without having a third coupling profile, while a second tile (a second type of tile) comprises at least a third coupling profile without having a first coupling profile and/or a second coupling profile. Therefore, each tile of the tile system according to the invention may have at least a first coupling profile and/or at least a second coupling profile and/or at least a third coupling profile. If a tile of the system according to the invention is not provided with a coupling profile selected from the group consisting of: the first coupling profile, the second coupling profile, and the third coupling profile; then this missing coupling profile of said tile will be included in another tile of the system according to the invention.

Therefore, according to another aspect of the invention, it relates to a multipurpose tile system, in particular a floor tile system, comprising a plurality of multipurpose tiles, in particular floor tiles, wherein at least a first tile (type) comprises at least a first edge having a first coupling profile comprising: a lateral tongue extending in a direction substantially parallel to the upper side of the tile, at least a first descending flank located at a distance from the lateral tongue, and a first descending recess formed between the lateral tongue and the first descending flank, wherein at least a second tile (type) comprises at least a second edge having a second coupling profile comprising: a descending tongue extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the upper side of the tile, at least a second descending flank located at a distance from the descending tongue, a second descending recess formed between the descending tongue and the descending flank, and preferably, at least a second locking element, preferably provided on the second descending flank of the second coupling profile, and wherein at least a third tile (type) comprises at least a third edge having a third coupling profile comprising: a third recess configured to accommodate at least a part of the lateral tongue of the first coupling profile of another tile, said third recess being defined by an upper lip and a lower lip, wherein said lower lip is provided with an upward locking element, and preferably, at least one third locking element, preferably provided on a distal side of the lower lip facing away from the third recess and/or a distal side of the upward locking element facing away from the third recess, wherein the proximal side of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile, facing the third recess, is at least partially, preferably completely, inclined upwards in a direction opposite to the upper lip, wherein the proximal side of the upward locking element comprises a third lower contact portion extending in a first direction and a third upper contact portion extending in a first direction extends in a second direction, optionally offset from the first direction, and wherein the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that two of said tiles can be coupled to each other at the first and third edges, preferably by a turning movement, wherein, in coupled condition at least a part of the lateral tongue of the first coupling profile of a first tile is inserted into the third recess of the third coupling profile of a third tile, and at least a part of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile is inserted into the first downward recess of the first coupling profile, a proximal side of the lateral tongue, facing the first downward flank, interacts with the third upper contact portion and/or the third lower contact portion of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile, and wherein the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that the two of said tiles can be coupled to each other at the second and third edges, preferably by a downward bending movement and/or a vertical movement and/or a horizontal movement, wherein, in a coupled condition: at least a portion of the downward tab of the second coupling profile of a second tile is inserted into the third recess of the third coupling profile of a third tile, and at least a portion of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile is inserted into the second downward recess of the second coupling profile, if applicable, at least one second locking element is oriented towards, and preferably co-acting with, at least one third locking element to realize a vertical effect. The first tile and/or the second tile and/or the third tile may be formed by the same tile. The first tile may comprise at least one second coupling profile and/or at least one third coupling profile. The second tile may comprise at least one first coupling profile and/or at least one third coupling profile. The third tile may comprise at least one first coupling profile and/or at least one second coupling profile.

The tile system according to the invention has several significant advantages. A first major advantage is that the third coupling profile (female profile) is configured to interact with the first coupling profile (first male profile) and the second coupling profile (second male profile). This provides a significant increase in the way all the tiles orient themselves toward each other in a tile installation. The classic row-by-row tile installation is still possible, but the compatibility of the third coupling profile with both the first coupling profile and the second coupling profile also allows for the installation of various alternative installation patterns, such as, but not limited to, a herringbone pattern, while requiring and utilizing only one type of tile. In the case of oblong (rectangular) tiles, the short edge of one tile can, for example, be coupled to either a short edge or a long edge of an adjacent tile. Furthermore, each tile in the tile system can be manufactured relatively cost-effectively, as only three different coupling profiles need to be produced during the production process, instead of the usual four different coupling profiles. This will at least lead to cost savings on the machinery, and in particular on the milling tools, used during the production process.

Another important advantage of the tile system according to the invention is that the different male coupling profiles (i.e., the first coupling profile and the second coupling profile) are configured to interact with different third contact portions of the third coupling profile. This facilitates the optimization of the coupling profiles, either to realize a facilitated coupling between a male coupling profile and a female coupling profile, in which the coupling profiles can be coupled in a relatively smooth manner, while preserving sufficient locking (in horizontal and/or vertical direction) in the coupled condition of two tiles, and/or to allow a relatively smooth uncoupling of two coupled tiles, preferably by means of an upward rotating movement (angulation movement outwards). The third lower contact portion and the third upper contact portion can be at least partially superimposed. However, preferably the third lower contact portion and the third upper contact portion are non-overlapping contact portions that can be connected to each other or that can be placed at a certain distance from each other. Preferably, the first coupling profile is configured to interact, preferably only, with the third upper contact portion, which facilitates angled entry and exit of the first coupling profile relative to the third coupling profile. Preferably, the second coupling profile is configured to interact, preferably only, with the third lower contact portion, which promotes the creation of a stable connection between the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile.

Preferably, the third lower contact portion connects to the third upper contact portion, where the third lower contact portion extends in a first direction, and the third upper contact portion extends in a second direction, deviating from the first direction, where, more preferably, both the third upper contact portion and the third lower contact portion are inclined upwards in a direction opposite to the upper lip. The result is that the third upper contact portion and the third lower contact portion have different inclinations (with respect to a plane defined by the tiles). It is conceivable that the third lower contact portion connects via at least one intermediate curved region, preferably a convex region, with the third upper contact portion, where the third lower contact portion extends in a first direction, and the third upper contact portion extends in a second direction, deviating from the first direction. An optional curved region prevents damage to the coupling profiles during (un)coupling. An optional convex curved region facilitates the third lower contact portion to be more inclined than the third upper contact portion. In other words, a first angle enclosed by the first direction in which the third lower contact portion extends and a plane defined by the tile is preferably greater than a second angle enclosed by the second direction in which the third upper contact portion extends and a plane defined by the tile. A less inclined third upper contact portion facilitates, for example, the coupling and decoupling of the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile. A more inclined third lower contact portion facilitates, for example, a stable connection between the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile with a horizontal locking effect. Preferably, the first direction in which the third lower contact portion extends forms an angle with a plane defined by the tile that is between 50° and 85°, preferably between 60° and 75°, more preferably between 63° and 67°, in particular approximately 65°. Preferably, the second direction in which the third upper contact portion extends forms an angle with a plane defined by the tile which is between 30° and 65°, preferably between 40° and 55°, more preferably between 47° and 53°, in particular about 50°.

Preferably, and as briefly discussed above, in the coupled condition of the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile of adjacent tiles, the proximal side of the side tab, oriented toward the first descending flank, interacts only with the third upper contact portion of the ascending locking element of the third coupling profile. At least a portion of the proximal side of the side tab configured to interact with the third upper contact portion preferably runs substantially parallel to the third upper contact portion. This substantially parallel orientation leads to a line contact in the coupled condition of two tiles, when viewed from a cross-sectional view of the tiles, which is more stable than a line contact.

Preferably, and as briefly discussed above, in the coupled condition of the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile of adjacent tiles, the proximal side of the descending tongue, facing the second descending flank, interacts only with the third lower contact portion of the ascending locking element of the third coupling profile. At least a portion of the proximal side of the descending tongue configured to interact with the third lower contact portion preferably runs substantially parallel to the third lower contact portion. This substantially parallel orientation leads to a line contact in the coupled condition of two tiles, when viewed from a cross-sectional view of the tiles, which is more stable than a line contact.

Preferably, a heel of the falling tab, defined by a lower side of the falling tab and the proximal side of the falling tab, is provided with a cutout portion to facilitate disengagement of the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile. The cutout portion provides additional space for disengaging the second coupling profile from the third coupling profile by an outward angulation movement (pivoting movement). Preferably, the maximum height of the cutout portion is at least 0.2 mm. Preferably, the maximum height of the cutout portion is less than 0.4 mm to ensure sufficient contact between the falling tab and the rising locking element in the engaged condition.

Preferably, the first edge and the third edge, in the coupled condition, define a first closing surface defined as a first vertical plane through the upper edges of the coupled tiles or, at least, the place where the tiles meet at the upper side of the tiles. Preferably, the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that, in the coupled condition, each of the side tab and the third recess extend through said first vertical plane (joining plane). This facilitates the realization of a vertical locking effect. By "extending through" is meant that a portion of the side tab is located on one side of the first vertical plane and another portion of the side tab is located on an opposite side of the first vertical plane. The same applies to the third recess. The lower lip that limits the underside of the third recess typically extends beyond the upper lip. Preferably, the upper lip defines said vertical plane (joining plane) of two tiles in a mated condition. Preferably, the upward locking element is located at a distance from said vertical plane. Here, the upward locking element and the upper lip are typically placed on opposite sides of the joining plane. Here, the possible difference between the upper lip and the lower lip bordering the third recess, measured in the plane of the tile, is preferably less than one time the total thickness of the tile. This will save material losses during tile manufacturing. However, in another preferred embodiment, the difference between the upper lip and the lower lip, measured in the plane of the tile, is greater than 1.0 times, and preferably at least 1.25 times, the thickness of the tile. In this embodiment, the lower lip is relatively long, which has the advantage that the third recess and the corresponding lateral tongue and descending tongue can be dimensioned relatively large (compared to the situation where a relatively short lower lip is applied), which is beneficial for the robustness, stability and durability of the couplings achieved by means of the coupling profiles of the adjacent tiles. The second vertical plane normally coincides with the aforementioned first vertical plane. The second coupling profile and the third coupling profile are preferably configured such that, in a coupled condition, the descending tongue is located to one side of the second vertical plane, and the third recess extends through said second vertical plane. In a preferred embodiment, the distal side of the descending tab, facing away from the second descending flank, is provided with a fourth locking element, and the upper lip of the third coupling profile is provided with a fifth locking element configured to face, and preferably to cooperate with, said fourth locking element so as to achieve a vertical locking effect, in the coupled condition of the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile of adjacent tiles, wherein, in the coupled condition of the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile of adjacent tiles, the fourth locking element and the remaining part of the descending tab are preferably located on opposite sides of the second vertical plane, and in the coupled condition of the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile of adjacent tiles, the fifth locking element and the remaining part of the upper lip are preferably located on opposite sides of the second vertical plane. Preferably, the fourth element comprises a protuberance having an upper side extending in a third direction, said upper side being inclined downwards in a direction opposite to the second descending flank, wherein preferably a third angle enclosed by said third direction and a plane defined by the tile is comprised between 25° and 35°, preferably between 28° and 32°, in particular approximately 30°. Preferably, the fourth locking element (protrusion) has a maximum width with respect to the second vertical plane of 0.06 to 0.16 mm, preferably 0.08 to 0.12 mm. A width of less than 0.08 mm, in particular less than 0.06 mm, typically leads to a poor or even non-existent vertical locking effect, while a width of more than 0.12 mm, in particular more than 0.16 mm, typically makes it difficult to disengage the second coupling profile from the third coupling profile by means of an outward angulation movement (upward turning movement) and may even make such disengagement impossible.

Preferably, an upper side of the lower lip defines a bearing surface for both the downward tab of the second coupling profile of an adjacent tile and the lateral tab of the first coupling profile of an adjacent tile. More preferably, the bearing surface of the lower lip comprises a second bearing portion for supporting the downward tab of the second coupling profile of an adjacent tile and a first bearing portion for supporting the lateral tab of the first coupling profile of an adjacent tile, wherein the second bearing portion and the first bearing portion are partially overlapping portions, or, typically more preferably, non-overlapping portions, wherein the second bearing portion and the first bearing portion are connected to each other or, even more preferably, are positioned at a distance from each other. Preferably, the second bearing portion is positioned closer to the upward locking element than the first bearing portion. Preferably, at least a portion of the first support portion and the second support portion are located on different sides of the (first or second) vertical plane, as defined above. Preferably, the support surface of the lower lip is substantially flat, which makes this support surface suitable for acting as a sliding surface (guide surface) for the side tab during insertion of the side tab into the third recess. Preferably, the support surface of the lower lip is inclined downwards in the direction of the upward locking element. This inclination creates more space for inserting the side tab, which facilitates the coupling process between the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile and, in addition, creates more space for accommodating the downward tab, which can be designed to be more voluminous, which increases the strength of the downward tab and, therefore, the strength of the coupling connection between the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile. Preferably, the inclined support surface and a plane defined by the tile mutually enclose an angle between 1° and 4°, in particular between 2° and 3°.

In a cross-sectional view of the third coupling profile (and of the first and second coupling profiles), the width of the first support portion is preferably smaller than the width of the second support portion. Preferably, in a cross-sectional view of the third coupling profile, the first support portion defines a point contact (or first line contact) and the second support portion defines a (second) line contact (which is larger than the first line contact).

Preferably, the side tab comprises a tip, oriented away from the first descending flank, and a heel, oriented toward the first descending flank, wherein a lower side of the side tab located between said tip and said heel is inclined upwardly in the direction of the first descending flank. This typically creates a substantially triangular space between the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile in the coupled condition. Such an inclination of the lower side of the side tab is favorable, since it creates somewhat more space for angulating the first coupling profile inwardly and angulating the third coupling profile outwardly. Preferably, the direction in which the lower side of the side tab extends and the plane defined by the tile mutually enclose an angle comprised between 2° and 10°, preferably between 4° and 6°, in particular approximately 5°.

The lower portion of the underside of the side tab typically defines a contact surface configured to interact with the first support portion of the lower lip of the third coupling profile. In the coupled condition of the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile, the tip of the side tab is preferably held between the lower lip and the upper lip, more particularly between the first support portion and the underside of the upper lip.

Although it is conceivable that the first falling edge may be provided with a first locking element configured to interact with the third locking element of the third coupling profile, it is commonly preferred that the first falling edge be free of any locking element. This creates more space between the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile, which facilitates both coupling and uncoupling.

Preferably, each tile comprises a first pair of opposing edges consisting of the first edge and the third edge. Each tile preferably comprises a second pair of opposing edges consisting of the second edge and the third edge. By arranging the coupling profiles, which are configured to cooperate with each other, on opposing edges, the installation of the tiles of the tile system can be facilitated. The tiles of the tile system are typically square, rectangular, triangular, hexagonal, octagonal, or other polygonal shapes. However, other shapes, such as parallelograms, are also conceivable, as will be explained later. Preferably, in the case of a tile with an even number of edges, the number of third coupling profiles of said tile corresponds to the sum of the number of first coupling profiles and the number of second coupling profiles. Typically, the number of first coupling profiles of a tile corresponds to the number of second coupling profiles, although deviations are conceivable, in which a tile may, for example, comprise more second coupling profiles than first coupling profiles, or vice versa.

At least a number of tiles of the tile system according to the invention may be rigid or may be flexible (resilient), or slightly flexible (semi-rigid). Each tile is typically manufactured as one of the following types: as a laminate flooring panel; as a so-called "resilient flooring panel"; an "LVT" (luxury vinyl tile) or "VCT" (vinyl composite tile) panel or comparable panel based on a synthetic material other than vinyl; a flooring panel with a first substrate layer based on synthetic, preferably foamed, material (core layer), with a second, preferably thinner substrate layer (second core layer) of or based on vinyl or another synthetic material; as a flooring panel with a hard substrate based on synthetic material.

It is preferred that the tile comprises single-piece coupling profiles, and in particular with vertically active single-piece coupling profiles, this being achieved by applying certain structural features and/or material characteristics and/or designs of the coupling profiles. The coupling profiles are preferably an integral part of each tile, and are typically made of one or more layers of material constituting the body of the tile. Preferably, the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured to lock the tiles together both vertically and horizontally. Preferably, the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured to lock the tiles together both vertically and horizontally. Since the first coupling profile is configured to couple to the third coupling profile by a turning movement, also referred to as a rotational movement or a downward tilting movement, and since the second coupling profile is configured to couple to the third coupling profile by a downward bending movement and/or a vertical movement, also referred to as a scissor movement or a rack movement, the tiles of the tile system according to the invention can still be installed using the user-friendly bend-down installation technology. The advantages achieved by the couplings generally reside in an improved tile with improved coupling profiles, in which the advantage of simple manufacturing, by making use of coupling profiles that are easy to manufacture, in particular, because they do not necessarily have to make use of separate connecting pieces, the advantage that the tiles can preferably be installed according to the user-friendly bend-down principle, and the advantage of offering a relatively reliable and durable coupling are combined.

In a preferred embodiment, at least one second locking element of the second coupling profile is provided on the second descending flank of the second coupling profile, and wherein at least one third locking element of the third coupling profile is provided on a distal side of the lower lip facing away from the third recess and/or a distal side of the ascending locking element facing away from the third recess. It is generally favorable to place at least one second locking element and at least one third locking element at predefined locations, since there is relatively much space at these locations, which allows for a more robust design of the locking elements, which will favor the vertical locking effect.

In a preferred embodiment, at least one second locking element of the second coupling profile is provided on a distal side of the descending tongue facing away from the second descending recess, and wherein at least one third locking element of the third coupling profile is provided on a side of the upper lip, in coupled condition facing said distal side of the descending tongue of the second coupling profile of an adjacent tile. This alternative positioning of the locking elements has the advantage that the locking elements are positioned close to the upper seam formed between adjacent tiles, which contributes to the stabilization of said seam and counteracts the tiles from shifting vertically relative to each other near the seam. It is noted that this alternative positioning of the locking elements may be combined with the positioning of the locking elements described in the preceding paragraph, in case a plurality of second locking elements and a plurality of third locking elements are applied. More preferably, the joint action between the second locking element and the third locking element to create a vertical locking effect in the mated condition of two tiles defines a tangent T1 enclosing an angle A1 with a plane defined by the tile, which angle A1 is smaller than an angle A2 enclosed by said plane defined by the tile, and a tangent T2 defined by a joint action between an inclined portion of a proximal side of the rising locking element facing the third recess and an inclined portion of a proximal side of the falling tab facing the second falling flank. Here, preferably, the largest difference between the angle A1 and the angle A2 is between 5 and 20 degrees. It is preferable that said second locking element and said third locking element are positioned closer to the upper side of the tile compared to an upper side of the rising locking element. This will reduce the maximum deformation of one or more mating profiles, while the connection process and the deformation process can be executed in successive steps. Less deformation leads to less material stress, which improves the lifespan of the coupling profiles and, therefore, of the tile or tiles.

The first coupling profile preferably comprises at least one first locking element configured to face, and preferably cooperate with, the third locking element of the third coupling profile of an adjacent tile in a coupled condition. The presence of at least this first locking element and the co-action of this first locking element with the third locking element in a coupled condition further improves the stability of the coupling between the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile. Preferably, at least one first locking element of the first coupling profile is provided on the first descending flank of the first coupling profile, and wherein at least one third locking element of the third coupling profile is provided on a distal side of the lower lip facing away from the third recess and/or a distal side of the ascending locking element facing away from the third recess. However, it is also conceivable, optionally in addition to the aforementioned positioning of the first locking element, that at least one first locking element of the first coupling profile is provided on a distal side of the first coupling profile, being located above at least a part of the lateral tongue, and in which at least one third locking element of the third coupling profile is provided on a side of the upper lip, in coupled condition facing said distal side of the first coupling profile of an adjacent tile.

Preferably, the third locking element comprises a third contact portion, preferably facing downwards, and the second locking element comprises a second contact portion, preferably facing upwards, wherein, in the engaged condition of adjacent tiles, the second contact portion faces the third contact portion and preferably interacts with it. Preferably, the second contact portion and the third contact portion define the only contact portions of the second locking element and the third locking element. Preferably, an entire second upper section of the second locking element, located above said second contact portion, preferably facing upwards, and an entire third upper section of the third locking element, located above said third contact portion, preferably facing downwards, are located at a distance from each other to form a cavity (or space). This recess can extend to a contact area between the proximal side of the descending tongue and the third coupling profile, meaning that the upper side of the ascending locking element and the upper side of the first descending recess are completely separated from each other. In this way, the contact areas between the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile can be reliably defined, which promotes the establishment of a secure locking between said coupling profiles.

In a preferred embodiment, at least a portion of the proximal side of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile, facing the third recess, is inclined upwards in the opposite direction to the upper lip, preferably such that an angle is formed with the normal perpendicular to the plane defined by each tile, wherein said angle is located between 0 and 60 degrees, in particular between 0 and 45 degrees. This inclination gives rise to a third open recess that facilitates the insertion of both the lateral tab and the downward tab.

Preferably, at least a portion of the proximal side of the descending tongue of the second coupling profile, facing the second descending recess, is inclined downwards in a direction opposite to that of the second descending flank, preferably such that an angle is enclosed with the normal perpendicular to the plane defined by each tile, said angle being between 0 and 60 degrees, in particular between 0 and 45 degrees. Preferably, at least a portion of the proximal side of the lateral tongue of the first coupling profile, facing the first descending recess, is inclined downwards in a direction opposite to the first descending flank, preferably such that an angle is formed with the normal perpendicular to the plane defined by each tile, said angle being between 0 and 60 degrees, in particular between 0 and 45 degrees. By applying the corresponding inclination, a more complementary shape is given to the first coupling profile and/or the second coupling profile, which normally results in a more stable coupling between the first and third coupling profiles and between the second and third coupling profiles.

In an alternative embodiment, at least a portion of the proximal side of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile, facing the third recess, is inclined upwards in the direction facing the upper lip, preferably such that an angle is formed with the normal perpendicular to the plane defined by each tile, said angle being between 0 and 60 degrees, in particular between 0 and 45 degrees. This inward inclination leads to a (slightly) closed third recess, in which the upward locking element can be used to engage or grip around the side tab and/or the downward tab once inserted into said third recess. This is particularly possible in the case where at least a portion of the proximal side of the descending tongue of the second coupling profile, facing the second descending recess, is inclined downwards in a direction facing the second descending flank, preferably such that an angle is enclosed with the normal perpendicular to the plane defined by each tile, said angle being between 0 and 60 degrees, in particular between 0 and 45 degrees. And the aforementioned gripping effect around and/or clamping effect of the ascending locking element can, for example, also be achieved in the case where at least a portion of the proximal side of the lateral tongue of the first coupling profile, facing the first descending recess, is inclined downwards in a direction towards the first descending flank, preferably such that an angle is enclosed with the normal perpendicular to the plane defined by each tile, said angle being between 0 and 60 degrees, in particular between 0 and 45 degrees.

Preferably, a first transition region between the proximal side of the side tongue of the first coupling profile and a lower side of the side tongue of the first coupling profile is curved. This first curved transition region can be used to guide the side tongue into the third recess during coupling of adjacent tiles. It is also conceivable that a second transition region between the proximal side of the downward-moving tongue of the second coupling profile and a lower side of the downward-moving tongue of the second coupling profile is curved. This second curved transition region can be used to guide the downward-moving tongue into the third recess during coupling of adjacent tiles. A third transition region between the proximal side of the upward-moving locking element of the third coupling profile and an upper side of the upward-moving locking element of the third coupling profile is preferably (also) curved to facilitate insertion of the downward-moving tongue and the side tongue into the third recess.

Preferably, on the underside of the lower lip of the third coupling profile, there is a recess extending to the distal end of the lower lip and allowing the lower lip to be folded downward. Bending the lower lip in a downward direction allows the third recess to widen during coupling, which will facilitate insertion of the side tab and the downward tab into the third recess. Depending on the specific design of the coupling profiles, the lower lip may remain in a folded state when adjacent tiles are coupled. To this end, the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile may be configured such that, in the coupled condition, the first coupling profile is held by the third coupling profile. And to this end, the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile may (also) be configured such that, in the coupled condition, the second coupling profile is held by the third coupling profile. The clamping effect will commonly result from a deformation, either elastic bending or elastic compression (squeezing), or a combination of both. The clamping effect will typically enhance the mutual locking and engagement of the cooperating coupling profiles.

The pretensioning is preferably achieved using overlapping contours of matching coupling profiles, in particular overlapping contours of the descending tongue and the third recess and/or overlapping contours of the ascending locking element and the first and/or second descending recess. The overlapping of the contours does not mean that the entire contour must overlap, but simply requires that at least a portion of the (outer) contour of the first and/or second coupling profile overlaps at least a portion of the (outer) contour of the third coupling part. The contours are typically compared by considering the contours of the first coupling part and the second coupling part from a side (or cross-sectional) view. By applying overlapping contours, the first and/or second coupling profiles and/or the third coupling profile will typically remain (elastically) deformed, in particular compressed and/or bent, in a coupled condition, providing the desired stability of the coupling. Typically, with overlapping contours, the descending tongue will be (slightly) oversized relative to the third recess, and/or the ascending locking element will be (slightly) oversized relative to the first and/or second descending recess. However, it should be understood that overlapping contours can also be realized in other ways, for example by applying overlapping locking elements (first, second, and/or third).

In a preferred embodiment, the contour of the first coupling profile portion that is configured to enclose the upward locking element of the third coupling profile is substantially identical to the (corresponding) contour of the second coupling profile portion that is configured to enclose the upward locking element of the third coupling profile. The contour of a remaining portion of the first coupling profile and the contour of a remaining portion of the second coupling profile are typically mutually distinctive. The contact surface between the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile, in the coupled condition, is preferably larger than the contact surface between the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile, in the coupled condition. Preferably, the connection (coupling) between the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile leads to a firmer coupling per unit of edge length in the longitudinal direction of the third recess and parallel to the plane of the tile or tiles than the connection (coupling) between the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile.

During the mating of the tiles, the rising locking element may be deformed (elastically), in particular by squeezing and/or bending. The bending will occur from its initial position (slightly) in an outward direction, away from the upper lip. A bent state of the rising locking element may remain in the mated condition of two tiles. The bending angle of the proximal side of the rising locking element, facing the rising flank, will typically be restricted and between 0 and 2 degrees.

It is conceivable, and even preferable, for the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile to be designed such that in the coupled state, a so-called pretension exists, while the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile are designed such that in the coupled state, there is virtually no pretension. This (hybrid) embodiment can facilitate the coupling of the tiles.

In an alternative embodiment, the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that a coupled condition is substantially prestress-free between the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile. The same may apply between the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile, wherein the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile may be configured such that a coupled condition is substantially prestress-free between the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile. This can typically be achieved if the contour of the first coupling profile and/or the second coupling profile fits into or with the contour of the third coupling profile, preferably without play to counteract the risk of squeaking noises.

In a preferred embodiment, the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that in the coupled condition there are a plurality of distant contact zones, preferably at least three, in which a space remains between each pair of adjacent contact zones. Preferably, the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that in the coupled condition there are a plurality of distant contact zones, preferably at least three, in which a space remains between each pair of adjacent contact zones. By applying one or more intentional (air) gaps between the coupling profiles in the coupled condition. In these cases, the created gap(s) or gap(s) are advantageous for absorbing expansion of the tile, for example resulting from ambient temperature changes, and/or for the accumulation of dust, in particular ambient dust or dust created during the production of the tile(s).

Typically, the second edge and the third edge, in the coupled condition, define a second closing surface that defines a second vertical plane through the upper edges of the coupled tiles or at least the place where the tiles meet at the upper side of the tiles. Preferably, the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that, in the coupled condition, the descending tongue is located on one side of the second vertical plane, and the third recess extends through said second vertical plane. This means that the outer end of the third recess, also known as the tip of the third recess, remains empty when the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile are coupled with each other.

A distal side of the descending tab, oriented in a direction opposite to the second descending recess, preferably comprises at least one vertical upper wall portion adjacent to the upper side of the tile, and, adjacent to and located below said vertical wall portion, an angled wall portion that slopes inwardly towards a chamfered and/or curved lower wall portion of said distal side of the descending tab. The lower wall portion of said distal side is preferably connected to a lower side of the descending tab. Preferably, an intermediate vertical wall portion is located between said angled wall portion and said lower wall portion. This intermediate vertical wall portion allows the descending tab to be designed in a more robust manner. This specific shape is commonly the most preferred during production, and provides said distal side of the falling tab both a guiding function (defined by the bottom of the wall) to guide the falling tab into the third recess, and a closing function to create a closed seam between the upper edges of the adjacent panels (defined by the top of the wall). One of the aforementioned wall parts, and preferably the top of the wall on the distal side of the falling tab, may be provided with a second locking element to realize and/or improve a vertical locking between the coupled tiles.

In a preferred embodiment, a lower side of the lateral tongue of the first coupling profile, in the coupled state of two tiles, rests on a lower surface of the third, ascending recess of the third coupling profile. The lower surface of the third recess is defined by an upper side of the lower lip. This contact preferably results in a fixation in the mutual position of the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile. The second coupling profile and the third coupling profile preferably interact under tension in this contact area or contact point. The same preferably applies to the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile. To this end, a lower side of the descending tongue of the second coupling profile, in the coupled state of two tiles, rests on a lower surface of the third (ascending) recess of the third coupling profile. This contact preferably results in a fixation in the mutual position of the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile. The second coupling profile and the third coupling profile preferably cooperate under tension in this support contact area or support contact point. Stable support of the lateral tongue and the descending tongue by the lower lip, in coupled condition, can further stabilize the coupling between the coupling profiles and can also counteract the risk of squeaking noises.

In a preferred embodiment, in a mated condition of tiles, the first descending flank of the first mating profile and a distal side of the rising locking element and/or lower lip of the third mating profile, facing the first descending flank, are located at a distance from each other. Preferably, in a mated condition of tiles, the second descending flank of the second mating profile and a distal side of the rising locking element and/or lower lip of the third mating profile, facing the second descending flank, are located at a distance from each other. This (vertical) gap between adjacent tiles creates some space for the lower lip and the rising locking element to (slightly) deform during mating and, optionally, to remain in a (slightly) deformed state in a mated condition of the tiles. This technical effect generally facilitates the mating and can also improve its stability.

At least a portion, and preferably all, of the upper side of the rising locking element is inclined downwardly in a direction opposite the upper lip of the third coupling profile. Preferably, at least a portion, and preferably all, of the upper side of the first descending recess is inclined downwardly in the direction of the first descending flank. Preferably, both inclinations mutually enclose an angle between (and including) 0 and 5 degrees. The inclination of the upper side of the rising locking element is preferably between 15 and 45 degrees, more preferably between 25 and 35 degrees, and most preferably about 30 degrees, with respect to a horizontal plane (a plane defined by the tile). The inclination of the upper side of the rising locking element is preferably constant, which means that the upper side has a substantially planar orientation. Preferably, an upper side of the first descending recess and/or the second descending recess preferably likewise has (compared to the inclination of the upper side of the ascending locking element) an inclined orientation, which is more preferably ascending in the direction of the lateral tab and/or in the direction of the descending tab. A first lower surface of a first bridge connecting the descending tab to the core (main body) of the tile is defined by the upper side of the first descending recess (or vice). A second lower surface of a second bridge connecting the descending tab to the core (main body) of the tile is defined by the upper side of the second descending recess (or vice). The application of an inclined upper side of the first descending recess will result in a variable thickness of the first and/or second bridge, viewed from the core in the direction of the descending tab. This position-dependent bridge thickness, in which the bridge thickness is preferably relatively large near the core and relatively small near the descending tongue, has multiple advantages. The thickest part of the first and/or second bridge, near the core, provides the bridge with more and sufficient strength and robustness, while the thinnest part of the bridge, near the side tongue and/or the lower tongue, constitutes the bridge's weakest point and will therefore be decisive for the location of the first deformation (pivot point) during coupling. Since this deformation point is located near the side tongue and/or the lower tongue, the amount of material that must be deformed to be able to insert the side tongue and/or the lower tongue into the third recess can be kept to a minimum. Lower deformation results in lower material stress, which improves the service life of the coupling profile(s) and, therefore, of the tile(s). In the coupled condition of adjacent tiles, the upper side of the first downward recess or the second downward recess could be at least partially, and preferably substantially entirely, supported by the upper side of the upward locking element, which provides additional strength to the coupling as such. For this purpose, it is advantageous if the inclination of the upper side of the first downward recess and/or the second downward recess substantially corresponds to the inclination of the upper side of the upward locking element. This means that the inclination of the upper side of the first downward recess and/or the second downward recess is preferably between 15 and 45 degrees, more preferably between 25 and 35 degrees, and most preferably about 30 degrees, with respect to a horizontal plane. This inclination may be flat or rounded, or possibly hook-shaped.

In the coupled condition of two tiles, the upper (inclined or horizontal) side of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile is preferably positioned at a distance from the upper (inclined or horizontal) side of the first downward recess of the first coupling profile because it facilitates coupling and allows dust to accumulate within the space created directly above the upward locking element.

In a preferred embodiment, an upper side of the upward locking element is located at a lower level than the upper lip of the third coupling profile. This allows sufficient space to dimension the first coupling profile and the second coupling profile relatively robustly, which favors the strength of the first coupling profile and the second coupling profile. Furthermore, this configuration facilitates the insertion of the lateral tongue and the downward tongue into the third recess.

The third locking element preferably comprises at least one outwardly protrusion, and the second locking element and, if applicable, the first locking element comprise at least a first locking groove or a second locking groove, respectively, which outwardly protrusion is adapted to be at least partially received in the first locking groove and the second locking groove of an adjacent coupled tile in order to perform a locked coupling, preferably a vertically locked coupling. The third locking element and the second locking element preferably have a substantially complementary shape. Alternatively, the third locking element comprises at least a third locking groove, and the second locking element and, if applicable, the first locking element comprise at least one outwardly protrusion (ridge), which outwardly protrusion is adapted to be at least partially received in said locking groove of an adjacent coupled tile in order to perform a locked coupling. It is also conceivable that the first locking element (if applicable), the second locking element, and the third locking element are not formed by a protrusion and groove combination, but by another combination of co-acting profiled surfaces and/or high-friction contact surfaces. In this latter embodiment, at least one locking element of the first, second, or third locking elements may be formed by a contact surface (flat or otherwise shaped) composed of a plastic material, optionally separate, configured to generate friction with the other locking element of another tile in an engaged (coupled) condition. Some examples of suitable plastics for generating friction are:

- Acetal (POM), which is rigid and strong with good creep resistance. It has a low coefficient of friction, remains stable at high temperatures, and offers good resistance to hot water;

- Nylon (PA), which absorbs more moisture than most polymers, actually improves impact resistance and overall energy absorption qualities as moisture is absorbed. Nylons also have a low coefficient of friction, good electrical properties, and good chemical resistance;

- Polyphthalamide (PPA). This high-performance nylon features increased temperature resistance and reduced moisture absorption. It also has good chemical resistance;

- Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a high-temperature thermoplastic with good chemical and flame resistance combined with high strength. PEEK is a favorite material in the aerospace industry;

- Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), which offers a balance of properties, such as chemical and high temperature resistance, flame spread resistance, fluidity, dimensional stability and good electrical properties;

- Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), dimensionally stable and highly thermal and chemical resistant, with good electrical properties;

- Thermoplastic polyimide (TPI) is inherently flame-retardant and has good physical, chemical and wear resistance properties.

- Polycarbonate (PC), with good impact resistance, high heat resistance, and good dimensional stability. PC also has good electrical properties and is stable in water and mineral or organic acids; and

- Polyetherimide (PEI), which maintains strength and rigidity at elevated temperatures. It also has good long-term heat resistance, dimensional stability, inherent flame retardancy, and resistance to hydrocarbons, alcohols, and halogenated solvents.

Typically, though not necessarily, the third locking element is located on a distal side of the lower lip and/or the ascending locking element, and at a distance from both a lower side of the lower lip and an upper side of the ascending locking element. This allows the third locking element to interact over a relatively large surface area, and therefore intensively, with a complementary first locking element and/or a second locking element.

Typically, the upward locking element protrudes in a vertical direction (i.e., a direction perpendicular to the plane defined by the panel) relative to the lower lip. Preferably, the effective height of the upward locking element (in said vertical direction) is defined as the maximum (vertical) distance between a highest location of the upward locking element and a lowest location of the lower lip. Preferably, the effective height of the upward locking element is at least 20%, more preferably at least 25%, and even more preferably at least 30% of the thickness of the panel. Preferably, the combined thickness of the lower lip and the upward locking element is at least 50% of the thickness of the panel. All of these preferred features are intended to enhance the horizontal locking effect between two panels in a mated condition.

Each coupling profile is preferably free of hook-and-loop fasteners and/or adhesive connections. Preferably, each tile does not comprise any coupling profile other than at least one first coupling profile, at least one second coupling profile, and at least one third coupling profile, preferably at least two. Preferably, each coupling profile is provided with chamfers, such as bevels, on or near the upper side of the tiles. The presence of the chamfers, such as bevels, generally makes the gaps between the seams less visible. The presence of the chamfers causes a V-shaped valley or recess to be formed when two tiles are joined together for fixing. Preferably, the tapered or beveled edges have an angle of between about 15° and about 55°, and more preferably about 17°. Furthermore, the width of the beveled or conical edge is from about 1.0 mm to about 7.0 mm.

When implementing a chevron pattern, it is advantageous if the system comprises two different types of tiles (A and B, respectively), and the mating profiles of one type of tile are arranged lengthwise in a mirror-inverted manner relative to the corresponding mating profiles of the other type of tile. To this end, it is preferred if the system comprises a plurality of tiles having a parallelogram shape, said tiles being configured to be joined in a chevron pattern, wherein two pairs of adjacent edges enclose an acute angle, and two pairs of other adjacent edges enclose an obtuse angle. The acute angle is typically between 30 and 60 degrees, and is preferably substantially 45 degrees. The obtuse angle is typically between 120 and 150 degrees, and is preferably substantially 135 degrees. Preferably, at least one parallelogram tile (A) has a configuration in which the edges are arranged, viewed from above in a clockwise direction, in the order: a first edge, a third edge, another third edge, and a second edge, and wherein at least one parallelogram tile (B) has a configuration in which the edges are arranged, viewed from above in a clockwise direction, in the order: a first edge, a second edge, a third edge, and another third edge. Distinctive visual markings, for example colored labels, symbolic labels, (pre-installed) support layers of different colors and/or text labels, may be applied to the different types of tiles so that the user can easily recognize the different types of tiles during installation. Preferably, the visual markings are not visible in a mated condition of the tiles (from a top view). For example, a visual marking can be applied to the top of the upward locking element and/or to the inside of the third recess and/or to the inside of the first or second downward recess. It is conceivable that the system according to the invention may comprise more than two different types of tiles.

At least one tile, and preferably each tile, preferably comprises a core layer and at least one upper substrate fixed, directly or indirectly, to an upper side of the core layer, wherein said upper substrate preferably comprises a decorative layer. The upper substrate is preferably made, at least partially, of at least one material selected from the group consisting of: metals, alloys, macromolecular materials such as vinyl monomer copolymers and/or homopolymers; condensation polymers such as polyesters, polyamides, polyimides, epoxy resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, urea-formaldehyde resins; natural macromolecular materials or modified derivatives thereof such as plant fibers, animal fibers, mineral fibers, ceramic fibers and carbon fibers. In this case, the vinyl monomer copolymers and/or homopolymers are preferably selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene, polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyacrylamides, ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) copolymers, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, polyvinylidene chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene, and styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers, and their derivatives. The upper substrate preferably comprises polyethylene, polyurethane (PU), or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The polyethylene may be low-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, or ultra-high-density polyethylene. The top layer of the substrate may also include fillers and other additives that improve the physical and/or chemical properties and/or processability of the product. These additives include known hardening agents, plasticizing agents, reinforcing agents, anti-mold agents (antiseptics), flame-retardant agents, and the like. The upper substrate typically comprises a decorative layer and an at least partially transparent or translucent wear layer covering said decorative layer, wherein an upper surface of said wear layer is the upper surface of said tile, such that the decorative layer is visible through the transparent wear layer.

Preferably, at least one tile, and preferably each tile, comprises an upper substrate fixed, directly or indirectly, to an upper side of at least one core layer, wherein said upper substrate preferably comprises a veneer layer. Said veneer layer preferably has a Mohs hardness greater than 3. Said veneer layer preferably has a thickness of between 2 and 8 mm. Said veneer layer is sized such that it does not overlie the core support layer and/or at least one or more applied coupling profiles. The veneer layer is preferably composed of a material selected from the group consisting of natural stone, marble, granite, slate, glass, and ceramic. More preferably, the veneer layer is a ceramic of a type selected from the group consisting of Monocuttura ceramic, Monoporosa ceramic, porcelain ceramic, or multi-fused ceramic. Preferably, the veneer layer has a modulus of rupture greater than 10 N/mm2, more preferably greater than 30 N/mm2.

The thickness of the top substrate typically ranges from 0.1 to 3.5 mm, preferably from 0.5 to 3.2 mm, more preferably from 1 to 3 mm, and most preferably from 2 to 2.5 mm. The thickness ratio of the core layer to the top substrate typically ranges from about 1 to 15 : 0.1 to 3.5, preferably from about 1.5 to 10 : 0.5 to 3.2, more preferably from about 1.5 to 8 : 1 to 3, and most preferably from about 2 to 8 : 2 to 2.5, respectively.

Each tile may include an adhesive layer for directly or indirectly securing the top substrate to the core layer. The adhesive layer may be any known adhesive or binder capable of bonding the top substrate and the core layer, for example, polyurethanes, epoxy resins, polyacrylates, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, and the like. Preferably, the adhesive layer is a hot-melt adhesive.

The decorative layer or design layer, which may form part of the top substrate as mentioned above, may comprise any suitable known plastic material, such as a known formulation of PVC resin, stabilizer, plasticizer, and other additives well known in the art. The design layer may be formed or printed with printed patterns, such as wood grain, metal or stone designs, and fibrous patterns or three-dimensional figures. Thus, the design layer may give the tile a three-dimensional appearance resembling heavier products, such as granite, stone, or metal. The thickness of the design layer typically ranges from 0.01 to 0.1 mm, preferably from 0.015 to 0.08 mm, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.7 mm, and most preferably from 0.02 to 0.5 mm. The wear layer that typically forms the top surface of the tile may comprise any suitable known abrasion-resistant material, such as an abrasion-resistant macromolecular material coated onto the layer below it, or a known ceramic microsphere coating. If the wear layer is supplied as a layer, it may be adhered to the layer below it. The wear layer may also comprise a layer of organic polymer and/or a layer of inorganic material, such as an ultraviolet coating or a combination of another organic polymer layer and an ultraviolet coating. For example, an ultraviolet paint capable of improving surface scratch resistance, gloss, antimicrobial resistance, and other properties of the product. Other organic polymers may be included, including polyvinyl chloride resins or other polymers such as vinyl resins, and a suitable amount of plasticizer and other processing additives, as needed.

In a preferred embodiment, at least one tile comprises a plurality of strip-shaped top substrates fixed directly or indirectly to an upper side of the core layer, wherein said top substrates are arranged side by side in the same plane, preferably in a parallel configuration. In this case, the plurality of top substrates preferably completely cover the upper surface of the core layer, and more preferably extend from the first edge to the second edge of the tile. Each of the top substrates comprises a decorative layer, wherein the decorative layers of at least two adjacent top substrates preferably have different appearances. The application of a plurality of strip-shaped top substrates, arranged side by side in the same plane and fixed directly or indirectly to the core layer will create the attractive aesthetic effect that the tile is defined by the strip-shaped top substrates as such, while having the advantage that during installation only the tiles as such will have to be coupled instead of the strip-shaped top substrates, which would be time-consuming and expensive.

Preferably, the core layer comprises at least one foaming agent. At least one foaming agent foams the core layer, which reduces the density of the core layer. This results in tiles that are lighter than tiles of similar dimensions and with a non-foamed core layer. The preferred foaming agent depends on the (thermo)plastic material used in the core layer, as well as the desired foam ratio, foam structure, and preferably also the desired (or required) foam temperature to obtain the desired foam ratio and/or foam structure. For this purpose, it may be advantageous to apply several foaming agents configured to foam the core layer at different temperatures, respectively. This will allow the foaming of the core layer to be achieved in a more gradual and controlled manner. Examples of two different foaming agents that may be present (simultaneously) in the core layer are azodicarbonamide and sodium bicarbonate. In this regard, it is also often advantageous to apply at least one modifying agent, such as methyl methacrylate (MMA), to keep the foam structure relatively consistent throughout the core layer.

Suitable polymeric materials for forming the core layer may include polyurethane (PUR), polyamide copolymers, polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyisocyanurate (PIR), and polyethylene (PE) plastics, all of which have good molding processability. At least the polymer included in the core layer may be solid or foamed (expanded). Preferably, chlorinated PVC (CPVC) and/or chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and/or another chlorinated thermoplastic material is used to further improve the toughness and rigidity of the core layers, and of the tiles themselves, by reducing the vulnerability of the sharp corners of each tile, making the tile even more suitable for use as a parallelogram/rhombic tile for making chevron patterns. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyurethane (PU) materials are particularly suitable for forming the core layer because they are chemically stable, corrosion-resistant, and have excellent flame-retardant properties. The plastic material used in the core layer is preferably free of any plasticizers in order to increase the desired rigidity of the core layer, which is also environmentally friendly.

The core layer may also be composed, at least partially, of a thermoplastic composition, preferably PVC-free. This thermoplastic composition may comprise a polymer matrix comprising (a) at least one ionomer and/or at least one acid copolymer; and (b) at least one styrenic thermoplastic polymer, and, optionally, at least one filler. An ionomer is understood to be a copolymer comprising repeating units of electrically neutral and ionized units. The ionized units of the ionomers may be, in particular, carboxylic acid groups partially neutralized with metal cations. The ionic groups, normally present in low amounts (typically less than 15 mol % of the constituent units), cause microphase separation of the ionic domains from the continuous polymer phase and act as physical crosslinks. The result is an ionically reinforced thermoplastic with improved physical properties compared to conventional plastics.

The polymer(s) used in the upper substrate and/or core layer can be virgin polymers, although a mixture of virgin polymer material and (the same) recycled polymer material is often preferred. Here, for example, it is conceivable that at least part of the core layer is composed of a mixture of virgin and recycled PU. Instead of PU, other polymers can also be used in this regard, such as PVC, PP, and/or PET.

The core layer may be made of a composite of at least one polymer and at least one non-polymeric material. The core layer composite preferably comprises one or more fillers, wherein at least one filler is selected from the group consisting of: talc, chalk, wood, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, calcined clay, porcelain, one or another mineral filler, rice, rice hulls, rice powder, and one or another natural filler. The filler may be formed of fibers and/or may be formed of dust-like particles. Here, the term "dust" is understood to mean small dust-like particles (powder), such as wood dust, cork dust, or non-wood dust, such as mineral dust, stone dust, in particular cement. The average particle size of the dust is preferably between 14 and 20 microns, more preferably between 16 and 18 microns. The main function of this type of filler is to provide the core layer, and the parallelogram/rhombic tile(s) as such, with sufficient hardness. This way, the tiles, including their generally relatively vulnerable sharp corners, can reliably and durably form chevron patterns. Furthermore, this type of filler also generally improves the impact resistance of the core layer and the tiles themselves. The weight content of this type of filler in the composite material is preferably between 35 and 75%, more preferably between 40 and 48% in the case of a foamed composite, and most preferably between 65 and 70% in the case of a non-foamed (solid) composite.

It is conceivable that the core layer (and/or another layer) comprises a composite material of at least one polymer and rice. Preferably, the rice consists of rice hulls, more preferably a mixture of separated rice hulls, ground rice hulls, and rice hull powder. Preferably, the different types of rice hulls have different average particle sizes. The polymer(s) act as a polymeric binder, preferably using an at least partially recycled plastic polymer, such as TPU, PP, PE, PET, and/or PVC. The unground rice hull may be present, for example, in an amount of 1-98% by weight relative to the weight of the rice hull mixture. Likewise, the ground rice hull and rice hull powder may also be present in an amount of 1-98% by weight relative to the weight of the rice hull mixture. Preferably, in one embodiment, the rice hull mixture comprises 20-50% by weight of each of unmilled rice hull, ground rice hull, and rice hull powder. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the rice hull mixture comprises about 33% by weight of each of unmilled rice hull, ground rice hull, and rice hull powder. The amount of polymeric binder present in the rice hull mixture may vary and may be, for example, 1-30%, preferably 10-25%, more preferably 12-20% by weight of the rice hull mixture. The rice hull powder preferably has an average particle size of 0.175-1.20 millimeters.

In an alternative configuration of the tile system according to the invention, each tile comprises a substantially rigid core layer made at least partially of a non-foamed (solid) composite material comprising at least one plastic material and at least one filler. A solid core layer can improve the strength of the tiles and thus reduce their vulnerability to sharp corners, and can further improve the suitability of using the tiles to make a chevron pattern. A disadvantage of applying a solid composite material to the core layer instead of a foamed composite material to the core layer is that it will increase the weight of the tile (if core layers of identical thickness were applied), which can lead to higher handling costs and higher material costs.

Preferably, the core layer composite material comprising at least one core layer filler is selected from the group consisting of: a salt, a stearate salt, calcium stearate, and zinc stearate. Stearates act as stabilizers and lead to a more favorable processing temperature and counteract the decomposition of the composite material components during and after processing, thereby providing long-term stability. Instead of or in addition to a stearate, calcium-zinc may also be used as a stabilizer, for example. The weight content of the stabilizer(s) in the composite material is preferably between 1 and 5%, and more preferably between 1.5 and 4%.

The core layer composite material preferably comprises at least one impact modifier comprising at least one alkyl methacrylate, wherein said alkyl methacrylate is preferably selected from the group consisting of: methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, and isobutyl methacrylate. The impact modifier typically improves the performance of the product, particularly impact resistance. In addition, the impact modifier typically stiffens the core layer and can therefore also be considered a toughening agent, further reducing the risk of breakage. Often, the modifier also facilitates the production process, for example, as already discussed above, by controlling foam formation with a relatively consistent (constant) foam structure. The weight content of the impact modifier in the composite material will preferably be between 1 and 9%, and more preferably between 3 and 6%.

Preferably, the substantially complete core layer is formed from a foamed composite material or a non-foamed (solid) composite material. At least one plastic material used in the core layer is preferably free of any plasticizers in order to increase the desired rigidity of the core layer, which is also environmentally friendly.

The core layer and/or other layer of the tile can be composed of a wood-based material, for example, MDF, HDF, wood powder, or prefabricated wood, more specifically engineered wood. This wood-based material can be part of a core layer composite.

The density of the core layer typically ranges from 0.1 to 1.5 grams/cm3, preferably from 0.2 to 1.4 grams/cm3, more preferably from 0.3 to 1.3 grams/cm3, even more preferably from 0.4 to 1.2 grams/cm3, even more preferably from 0.5 to 1.2 grams/cm3, and most preferably from 0.6 to 1.2 grams/cm3.

The polymer used in the core layer and/or the core layer itself preferably has an elastic modulus greater than 700 MPa (at a temperature of 23 degrees Celsius and a relative humidity of 50%). This will generally provide sufficient rigidity to the core layer and, therefore, to the parallelogram/rhombic tile itself.

Preferably, the core layer has a thickness of at least 3 mm, preferably at least 4 mm, and even more preferably at least 5 mm. It is conceivable that each tile comprises a plurality of core layers. The different core layers may have identical or different compositions.

The density of the core layer preferably varies along the height of the core layer. This can positively influence the acoustic properties (sound damping) of the tiles as such. Preferably, a shell layer can be formed in an upper and/or lower section of a foamed core layer. At least this shell layer can form an integral part of the core layer. More preferably, both the upper and lower sections of the core layer form a shell layer that envelops the foam structure. The shell layer is a relatively closed layer (of reduced porosity, preferably without bubbles (cells)) and therefore forms a relatively rigid (sub)layer, compared to the more porous foam structure. Typically, although not necessarily, the shell layer is formed by sealing (scorching) the lower and upper surfaces of the core layer. Preferably, the thickness of each shell layer ranges between 0.01 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.1 and 0.8 mm. An excessively thick shell will result in a higher average density of the core layer, which increases both the costs and the stiffness of the core layer. The thickness of the core layer (core layer) as such is preferably between 2 and 10 mm, more preferably between 3 and 8 mm, and is usually approximately 4 or 5 mm. Preferably, an upper section and/or a lower section of the (composite) core layer forms a shell layer having a porosity that is lower than the porosity of the closed-cell foamed plastic material of the core layer, wherein the thickness of each shell layer is preferably between 0.01 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.1 and 0.8 mm.

Preferably, each tile comprises at least one support layer fixed to an underside of the core layer, wherein said support layer is at least partially made of a flexible material, preferably an elastomer. The thickness of the support layer typically varies between approximately 0.1 and 2.5 mm. Non-limiting examples of materials from which the support layer may be made are polyethylene, cork, polyurethane, and ethylene vinyl acetate. The thickness of the polyethylene support layer is typically, for example, 2 mm or less. The support layer typically provides additional strength and impact resistance to each tile as such, which increases the durability of the tiles. Furthermore, the (flexible) support layer may increase the acoustic (sound-damping) properties of the tiles. In a particular embodiment, the core layer is composed of a plurality of separate core layer segments fixed to said at least one support layer, preferably such that said core layer segments can be mutually connected with hinges. The tiles' lightweight characteristics are advantageous for achieving a secure bond when installed on vertical wall surfaces. The tile is also especially easy to install on vertical corners, such as the inside corners of intersecting walls and furniture, and on outside corners, such as entryways. Installing an inside or outside corner is achieved by forming a groove in the center layer of the tile to facilitate bending or folding.

Each tile may comprise at least one reinforcement layer. At least one reinforcement layer may be located between the core layer and the upper substrate. At least one reinforcement layer may be located between two core layers. The application of a reinforcement layer can further improve the rigidity of the tiles themselves. This may also lead to an improvement in the acoustic (sound-damping) properties of the tiles. The reinforcement layer may comprise a woven or non-woven fiber material, for example, a glass fiber material. They may have a thickness of 0.2–0.4 mm. It is also conceivable for each tile to comprise a plurality of (usually thinner) core layers stacked on top of one another, with at least one reinforcement layer located between two adjacent core layers. Preferably, the density of the reinforcing layer is preferably between 1,000 and 2,000 kg/m3, preferably between 1,400 and 1,900 kg/m3, and more preferably between 1,400 and 1,700 kg/m3.

Preferably, at least a portion of the first coupling profile and/or at least a portion of the second coupling profile and/or at least a portion of the third coupling profile of each tile is integrally connected to the core layer. In this case, single-piece tiles are formed, the production of which is relatively simple and cost-effective.

The first coupling profile and/or the second coupling profile and/or the third coupling profile preferably allow deformation during coupling and uncoupling of the tiles. At least a number of tiles are identical. It is also conceivable that at least several tiles have different sizes and/or different shapes. Apart from the parallelogram-shaped tiles already analyzed for the realization of chevron patterns, it is also conceivable that the tile system comprises different types of tiles (A and B, respectively), in which the size of a first tile type (A) differs from the size of the second tile type (B). These panels A and B can have, for example, a rectangular and/or square shape. Distinctive visual markings can be applied to the different tile types, preferably for installation purposes. For this purpose, distinctive visual markings are preferably applied to an upper side of the third recess and/or to an upper side of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile of each tile type.

The invention also relates to a tile covering, in particular floor covering, wall covering, ceiling covering and/or furniture covering, consisting of mutually coupled tiles according to the invention.

The invention will be elucidated on the basis of non-limiting exemplary embodiments shown in the following figures, in which:

• Figure 1a shows a schematic representation of a multipurpose tile for use in a multipurpose tile system according to the invention;

• Figure 1b shows a schematic representation of a multipurpose tile system comprising a plurality of multipurpose tiles as shown in Figure 1a;

• Figure 2a shows a schematic representation of two different types of multipurpose tiles for use in another embodiment of a multipurpose tile system according to the invention; • Figure 2b shows a schematic representation of a multipurpose tile system comprising a plurality of multipurpose tiles as shown in Figure 2a;

• Figure 3a shows a schematic representation of a multipurpose tile for use in another embodiment of a multipurpose tile system according to the invention;

• Figure 3b shows a schematic representation of a multipurpose tile system comprising a plurality of multipurpose tiles as shown in Figure 3a;

• Figure 4a shows a cross-section along line A-A of a multipurpose tile as shown in Figures 1a, 2a or 3a;

• Figure 4b shows a cross-section along line B-B of a multi-purpose tile as shown in Figures 1a, 2a or 3a; and

• Figures 5a-5c show a cross-section of two multipurpose tiles as shown in Figures 1a, 2a or 3a in a first, second and third coupled condition respectively.

Figure 1a shows a schematic representation of a multi-purpose tile (100) for use in a multi-purpose tile system (110) according to the invention. The figure shows a tile (100) comprising a first pair of opposing edges consisting of a first edge (101) and a third opposing edge (103) and a second pair of opposing edges consisting of a second edge (102) and a third opposing edge (103). The first, second and third edges (101, 102, 103) are respectively provided with first, second and third coupling profiles (104, 105, 106). The first coupling profile (104) and the third coupling profile (106) are configured such that two of said tiles (100) can be coupled to each other at the first and third edges (101, 103) by a rotating movement. Furthermore, the second coupling profile (105) and the third coupling profile (106) are designed such that the two tiles (100) can be coupled to one another at the second and third edges (102, 103) by a downward bending movement and/or a vertical movement. The proportional relationship between the width and length of the tile (100) can be selected as desired. Figure 1a shows only one of many possibilities in which the tile has an upper side (107) with a rectangular contour (108). However, it is also possible for the width and length of the tile (100) to be equal, so that the tile (100) has an upper side (107) with a square contour.

Figure 1b shows a schematic representation of a multi-purpose tile system (110) comprising a plurality of multi-purpose tiles (100) as shown in Figure 1a. Although each of the tiles (100) are equivalent, having a first pair of opposing edges consisting of a first edge (101) and an opposing third edge (103) and a second pair of opposing edges consisting of a second edge (102) and an opposing third edge (103), the tiles (100) may, due to the compatibility of the mating profile of the third edge (103) with the mating profile of both the first edge and the second edge (101, 102), be joined in different ways, resulting in differential tile patterns (111, 112) within a multi-purpose tile system (110). In the illustrated multi-purpose tile system (110), wherein the individual tiles (110) have a top side (107) with a rectangular outline (108), the tiles (100) each have a long side (113) and a short side (114). The different tile patterns (111, 112) are created by coupling a first tile pattern (111) of interconnected tiles (100), having their long side (113) connected to the long side (113) of an adjacent tile (100), to a second tile pattern (112) of interconnected tiles (100), having their long side (113) connected to the long side (113) of an adjacent tile (100) and their short side (114) connected to the short side (114) of another adjacent tile (100). The first and second tile patterns (111, 112) are rotated relative to each other such that the long sides (113) of the tiles (100) of the first tile pattern (111) are at an angle of 90 degrees to the long sides (113) of the tiles (100) of the second tile pattern (112). This coupling between the different tile patterns (111, 112) is made possible by connecting the short sides (114) of the tiles (100) of the first tile pattern (111) with the long sides (113) of the tiles (100) of the second tile pattern (112). The installation of the tile system (110) can be performed by angulating downwards the first edge (101) of a tile (100) to be installed with respect to a third edge (103) of an already installed tile (100), which will commonly mutually lock said tiles (100) in vertical and horizontal directions. During this angulation or turning movement of the tile (100) to be installed with respect to the already installed tile (100), the second edge (102) of the tile (100) to be installed will be connected (simultaneously) with the third edge (103) of another tile (100) already installed, which is typically performed by lowering or bending down the tile (100) to be installed with respect to the other already installed tile (100) during which the second edge (102) of the tile (100) to be installed and the third edge (103) of the other already installed tile (100) will be scissored (compressed) into each other. The result is a locking of the tile (100) to be installed with respect to the other already installed tile (100), both in horizontal and vertical directions.

Figure 2a shows a schematic representation of two different types of multi-purpose tiles (201, 202) for use in another embodiment of a multi-purpose tile system (200) according to the invention. Like the multi-purpose tile (100) shown in Figure 1a, each of these tiles (201, 202) comprises a first pair of opposing edges consisting of a first edge (101) and a third opposing edge (103) and a second pair of opposing edges consisting of a second edge (102) and a third opposing edge (103). Again, the first, second and third edges (101, 102, 103) are provided respectively with first, second and third coupling profiles (104, 105, 106), wherein the first coupling profile (104) and the third coupling profile (106) are configured such that two tiles (201, 202) can be coupled to each other at the first and third edges (101, 103) by a turning movement, and the second coupling profile (105) and the third coupling profile (106) are configured such that the two tiles (201, 202) can be coupled to each other at the second and third edges (102, 103) by a downward bending movement and/or a vertical movement. This time, however, there are two different types of tiles (201, 202), in which the coupling profiles (105, 106) of a pair of opposite edges (102, 103) in the first type of tile (201) are arranged in a mirror-image manner with respect to the coupling profiles (105, 106) of the corresponding pair of opposite edges (102, 103) in the second type of tile (202). Note that the depicted pairs of edges of the different types of tiles (201, 202) that are in mirror-image form are formed by the second and third edges (102, 103). However, it is also possible that the mirror-image pairs of edges are formed by the first and third edges (101, 103). Furthermore, the multi-purpose tiles (201, 202) for use in this multi-purpose tile system (200) have a top side (107) having a parallelogram-shaped outline (208). Two adjacent edges (101, 102, 103) of these tiles (201, 202) enclose either an acute angle (203) or an obtuse angle (204). In this specific embodiment, the first and second edges (101, 102) respectively the third edge (103) enclose an obtuse angle (204) of the same size, while the first and third edges (101, 103) respectively the second and third edges (102, 103) enclose an acute angle (203) of the same size.

The difference in the configuration of the tiles and the parallelogram-shaped contour (208) of their upper side (107) allow these tiles (201, 202) to form a chevron pattern (205) in the joined state.

Figure 2b shows a schematic representation of a multi-purpose tile system (200) comprising a plurality of multi-purpose tiles (201, 202) as shown in Figure 2a. As already mentioned above, the multi-purpose tiles (201, 202) that are part of this multi-purpose tile system (200) are presented in two different types/configurations (mirrored). While the difference in the configuration of the tiles and the parallelogram shape of their upper surface (107) allows these tiles (201, 202) to form a chevron pattern (205) in a joined state, having a first pair of opposing edges consisting of a first edge (101) and a third opposing edge (103) and a second pair of opposing edges consisting of a second edge (102) and a third opposing edge (103), wherein the mating profile (106) of the third edge (103) is compatible with the mating profile (104, 105) of both the first edge and the second edge (101, 102), it allows the tiles (201, 202) to be joined also in different ways, resulting in differential tile patterns (206, 207) within an interconnected multipurpose tile system (200). As in the multi-purpose tile system (110) shown in Figure 1b, the different tile patterns (206, 207) are created by coupling a first tile pattern (206) of interconnected tiles (201, 202) to a second tile pattern (207) of interconnected tiles (201, 202). Within these patterns of separate tiles (206, 207), each tile (201, 202) has each of its pairs of opposite edges (101, 103; 102, 103) connected to edges (101, 102, 103) of adjacent tiles (201, 202) that are part of a corresponding pair of opposite edges (101, 103; 102, 103) of said adjacent tiles (201, 202). However, the coupling of the first and second tile patterns (206, 207) is achieved by connecting a tile (201, 202) of the first tile pattern (206) with an edge (101, 103) that is part of one pair of opposing edges (101, 103) to a tile (201, 202) of the second tile pattern (207) with an edge (102, 103) that is part of the other pair of non-corresponding opposing edges (102, 103). The result is an interconnected multipurpose tile system (200) comprising two different tile patterns (206, 207), wherein the edges (101, 102, 103) of adjacent tiles (201, 202) are rotated 70 degrees relative to each other. The installation of the tile system (200) shown in Figure 2b is typically analogous to the installation of the tile system (110) shown in Figure 1b.

Figure 3a shows a schematic representation of a multi-purpose tile (301) for use in another embodiment of a multi-purpose tile system (300) according to the invention. Apart from the multi-purpose tiles (100, 201, 202) shown in Figures 1a and 2a, each of these tiles (301) comprises three pairs of opposite edges and has an upper side (107) with a regular hexagon-shaped contour (302). The first pair of opposite edges consists of a first edge (101) and a third opposite edge (103). The second and third pair of opposite edges consist of a second edge (102) and a third opposite edge (103). The first, second, and third edges (101, 102, 103) are positioned such that the third edges (103) are directly adjacent to each other and the second edges (102) are on both edges adjacent to the first edge (101). Accordingly, the second edges (102) are not adjacent to each other. What these multi-purpose tiles (301) have in common with the multi-purpose tiles (100, 201, 202) shown in Figures 1a and 2a is, however, that the first, second and third edges (101, 102, 103) are respectively provided with first, second and third coupling profiles (104, 105, 106), wherein the first coupling profile (104) and the third coupling profile (106) are configured such that two tiles (301) can be coupled to each other at the first and third edges (101, 103) by a turning movement, and the second coupling profile (105) and the third coupling profile (106) are configured such that the two tiles (301) can be coupled to each other at the second and third edges (102, 103) by a downward bending movement and/or a vertical movement.

Figure 3b shows a schematic representation of a multi-purpose tile system (300) comprising a plurality of multi-purpose tiles (301) as shown in Figure 3a. In the tile formation shown, the tiles (301) are all identically oriented. The installation of the tile system (300) can be carried out in a similar manner to the tile systems (110, 200) of Figures 1b and 2b. By angulating the first edge (101) of a tile (301) to be installed downwards with respect to a third edge (103) of an already installed tile (301), said tiles (301) will generally interlock each other in the vertical and horizontal directions. During this angulation or rotation movement of the tile (301) to be installed with respect to the already installed tile (301), one or more second edges (102) of the tile (300) to be installed will (simultaneously) connect to a third edge (103) of another adjacent tile (301) already installed, which is typically performed by lowering or bending down the tile (301) to be installed with respect to the other tile (301) already installed during which said second edge (102) of the tile (301) to be installed and the third edge (103) of the other tile (301) already installed will scissor (compress) with each other. The result is a locking of the tile (301) to be installed with respect to the other tile (301) already installed, both in horizontal and vertical directions.

Figure 4a shows a cross-section along the line A-A of a multi-purpose tile (100, 201, 202, 301) as shown in Figures 1a, 2a or 3a. In the figure, the first edge (101) and a third opposite edge (103) of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301 are visible, which have a first coupling profile (104) and a third coupling profile (106) respectively. The first coupling profile (104) comprises a lateral tongue (400) extending in a direction substantially parallel to the upper side (107) of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301), at least one first descending flank (401) located at a certain distance from the lateral tongue (400), and a first descending recess (402) formed between the lateral tongue (400) and the first descending flank (401). Said first descending flank (401) is in particular free of any blocking element. The proximal side (403) of the lateral tongue (400) of the first coupling profile (104), facing the first descending recess (402), is hereby inclined downwards in a direction opposite to the first descending flank (401). The proximal side (403) of the side tab (400) may comprise a first proximal side contact portion (403'), wherein said first proximal side contact portion (403') interacts with the third upper contact portion (434a) of the upward locking element (433) of the third coupling profile (106). In order to achieve effective locking between the first and third coupling profiles (103, 106), the first contact portion of the proximal side (403') is at an angle (p) with respect to the upper side (107) of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301). Said angle (p) should preferably be between 20 degrees and a maximum of 50 degrees. Said absolute values allow easy coupling and uncoupling. A first transition region (404), which may also be referred to as a heel, may be defined between the proximal side (403) of the side tongue (400) of the first coupling profile (104) and a lower side (405) of the side tongue (400) of the first coupling profile (104), the first transition region (404) of which is curved. The lower side (405) of the side tongue (400) is located between a tip (444) and the heel (404) of the side tongue (400). The lower side (405) of the side tongue (400) is inclined upwardly in a direction towards the first descending flank (401), said inclined lower side (405) being in particular at an angle (a) to the upper side (107) of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301). The angle (a) may be relatively small, but contributes significantly to the inventive concept of the present invention, since it allows an easier downward angulation movement by reducing the contact surface in the laying phase of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301). The upper side (406) of the first descending recess (402) is inclined downwards in the direction of the first descending flank (401) in the shown tile (100, 201, 202, 301). The first coupling profile (104) may further comprise a first lower lateral contact portion (405'), which first lower lateral contact portion (405') can, during a coupling movement, partially slide on a support surface (500) which is formed by an upper side of the lower lip (432) of the third coupling profile (106). Furthermore, the side tab (400) comprises a side tab contact portion (409), which side tab contact portion (409) interacts with a portion of the third coupling profile (106). Located between said side tab contact portion (409) and the upper side (107) of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301) there may be a first closing surface (425).

The third coupling profile (106) comprises a third recess (430) configured to receive at least a portion of the lateral tab (400) of the first coupling profile (104) of another tile (100, 201, 202, 301), said third recess (430) being defined by an upper lip (431) and a lower lip (432), wherein said lower lip (432) is provided with an upward locking element (433). The upper lip (431) further comprises a third closing surface (420) and an upper lip contact portion (424), wherein said third closing surface (420) and said upper lip contact portion (424) are located on opposite sides of a fifth locking element (407), which in this case is formed by a cut-out portion (408). The proximal side (434) of the ascending locking element (433) of the third coupling profile (106), facing the third recess (430), is inclined upwardly in a direction opposite to the upper lip (431). The proximal side (434) of the ascending locking element (433) comprises a third upper contact portion and a third lower contact portion (434a, 434b), said third upper and lower contact portions (434a, 434b) extending in a first direction and a second direction, said second direction deviating from said first direction. The third lower and upper contact portions (434a, 434b) are connected via at least one intermediate curved region, which in this case is a convex region. Preferably, said third upper contact portion (434a) extending in the first direction is inclined at a second angle (y) with respect to the underside (437) of the lower lip (432). The third lower contact portion (434b) extending in the second direction is inclined at a first angle (y) with respect to the underside (437) of the lower lip (432). Said second angle (<y>) may be substantially similar compared to the angle (3) of the first proximal side contact portion (403') of the side tab (400) of a second tile (100, 201, 202, 301), such that these contact portions (434a, 403') interact with each other in a locked configuration. It is preferred that the second angle (<y>) is smaller with respect to the first angle (y). A third transition region (435) may be defined between the proximal side (434), in particular the third upper contact portion (434a) thereof, of the upward locking element (433) and an upper side (436) of the upward locking element (433), the third transition region (435) of which in this case partially deviates from the first curved transition region (404). The upper side (436) of the upward locking element (433) is inclined downwardly in the direction opposite to the upper lip (431) of the third coupling profile (106) in the shown tile (100, 201, 202, 301). On the lower side (437) of the lower lip (432) of the third coupling profile (106) there is a recess (438). This recess (438) allows the lower lip (432) to be bent downwardly, in particular during coupling. The third coupling profile (106) may further comprise a third locking element (440) that can cooperate with a second locking element (422) of the second coupling profile (105) of an adjacent tile (100, 201, 202, 301) to establish a vertical lock between the coupled tiles (100, 201, 202, 301). The third locking element (440) may be arranged on a distal side (441) of the lower lip (432) facing away from the third recess (430) and/or on a distal side (442) of the ascending locking element (433) facing away from the third recess (430). The third locking element (440) may, as shown here, be specifically positioned at a distance from both a lower side (437) of the lower lip (432) and an upper side (436) of the upward locking element (433). In the presently shown tile, the third locking element (440) comprises at least one outward protrusion (443) which outward protrusion (443) may be provided with a third locking element contact portion (440'), wherein said third locking element contact portion (440') is configured to cooperate with at least one second locking element (422) of the second coupling profile (105), in particular with a second locking element contact portion (422') thereof, of an adjacent coupled tile (100, 201, 202, 301) in order to realize a (vertically) locked coupling.

Figure 4b shows a cross-section along the line B-B of a multi-purpose tile (100, 201, 202, 301) as shown in Figures 1a, 2a or 3a. In the figure, the second edge (102) and another third opposite edge (103) of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301 are visible, which have a second coupling profile (105) and a third coupling profile (106) respectively. When the third coupling profile (106) coincides with the third coupling profile (106) provided on the third adjacent edge (103) of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301), the characteristics of which have been indicated above in the description of the cross section along the line A-A of the multipurpose tile (100, 201, 202, 301), the second coupling profile (105) comprises a descending tongue (410) extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the upper side (107) of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301), at least one second descending flank (411) located at a distance from the descending tongue (410), and a second descending recess (412) formed between the descending tongue (410) and the second descending flank (411). The proximal side (413) of the descending tongue (410) of the second coupling profile (105), facing the second descending recess (412), is hereby inclined downwards in a direction opposite to the second descending flank (411). The proximal side (413) of the descending tongue (410) comprises at least a second proximal contact portion (413'), wherein said second proximal contact portion (413') is located at an angle (5) with respect to the upper side (107) of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301). Preferably, said angle (5) may be substantially similar compared to the first angle (y) of the third lower contact portion (434b) of the third coupling profile (106) of a second tile (100, 201, 202, 301), such that these contact portions (413', 434b) interact with each other in a locked configuration. Between the proximal side (413) of the descending tongue (410) of the second coupling profile (105) and a lower side (415) of the descending tongue (410) of the second coupling profile (105), a second transition zone (414), which may also be referred to as a heel, may be defined, which heel (414) is in this case provided with a cut-out portion (414'). The cut-out portion (414') is provided to facilitate disengagement of the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile (105, 106). Said cut-out portion (414') is configured to allow the descending tongue (410) to pass over the convex portion connecting the third upper and lower contact portion (434a, 434b) of the third locking element (433). A distal side (416) of the descending tongue (410), facing away from the second descending recess (412), comprises at least one vertical upper wall portion (417) adjacent to the upper side (107) of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301), and, adjacent and located below said vertical upper wall portion (417), a fourth locking element (418). Said fourth locking element (418) extends in particular a distance (D) beyond the vertical upper wall portion (417). The fourth locking element (418) is configured to cooperate with a fifth locking element (407), wherein said fifth locking element (407) is formed in this case by a cut-out portion (408) of the upper lip (431) of the third coupling profile (106), wherein said cut-out portion (408) of the fifth locking element (407) is configured to receive said projecting portion of the fourth locking element (418). The lower wall portion (419) of the distal side (416) of the descending tongue (410) may further be connected to the lower side (415) of the descending tongue (410). Said lower side (415) may comprise a lower side contact portion (415') which can rest on a part of the support surface (500) of a third coupling profile (106). Said lower side contact portion (415') is formed, in particular, by the part of the descending tongue (410) which extends furthest from the upper surface (107). The upper side (421) of the second descending recess (412) is inclined downwards in the direction of the second descending flank (411) on the tile (100, 201, 202, 301 shown. The second coupling profile (105) may further comprise at least one second locking element (422) which can, in a coupled position, cooperate with a third locking element (440) of a third coupling profile (106) of an adjacent tile (100, 201, 202, 301) to establish a vertical locking between the tiles (100, 201, 202, 301). The second locking element (422) may be located on the second descending flank (411) of the second coupling profile (105). In the tile (100, 201, 202, 301) shown here, the second locking element (422) comprises at least a second locking recess (423) adapted to at least partially receive the outward protrusion (443) of the third locking element (440) of an adjacent coupled tile (100, 201, 202, 301) so as to perform a (vertically) locked coupling. In particular, a second locking element contact portion (422') of the second locking element (422) is configured to, in a coupled position, abut against the third locking element contact portion (440') of the third locking element (440) of an adjacent coupled tile (100, 201, 202, 301), such that the second and third coupling profiles (105, 106) are locked both vertically and horizontally.

The coupling profiles (105, 106) of the multi-purpose tiles (100, 201, 202, 301) shown in Figure 4b may optionally be provided with chamfers (bevels) (450) on or near the upper side (107) of the tiles (100, 201, 202, 301). The coupling profiles (104, 106) of the multi-purpose tiles (100, 201, 202, 301) shown in Figure 4a may optionally be provided with grouts (451) on or near the upper side (107) of the tiles (100, 201, 202, 301). The grouts (451) may have a substantially rectangular shape, as seen on or near the top side (107) of the first coupling profile (104). Said rectangular grout (451) may be located entirely in the first coupling profile (451) of a tile (100, 201, 202, 301) in Figure 4a, or it may be located in both a first and a third coupling profile (104, 106) of two adjacent tiles (100, 201, 202, 301). However, it is also conceivable that a rounded grout (451) is applied, as shown on or near the top side (107) of the third coupling profile (106) in Figure 4a. An advantage of these rounded grouts (451) is that water spilled on the upper side (107) of the tile (100, 201, 202, 301) will automatically flow to the lower part of said rounded grout, which can prevent water from ending up between two adjacent tiles (100, 201, 202, 301). The skilled person would easily realize that any combination of grouts (451) and/or bevels (450) can be applied.

Figures 5a-5c show a cross section of two multipurpose tiles (100, 201, 202, 301) as shown in Figures 1a, 2a or 3a in a first, second and third coupled condition respectively. Figures 5a and 5b each represent a mutual coupling of a first and a third coupling profile (104, 106), where Figure 5a represents a coupling of a first tile (100, 201, 202, 301) on the right with a second tile (100, 201, 202, 301) on the left, where the first tile (100, 201, 202, 301) is a cross section along the line A-A, and the second tile (100, 201, 202, 301) is a cross section along the line B-B. Figure 5b represents a coupling of a first tile (100, 201, 202, 301) on the right with a second tile (100, 201, 202, 301) on the left, wherein the first tile (100, 201, 202, 301) is a cross section along the line A-A, and the second tile (100, 201, 202, 301) is also a cross section along the line A-A. Figure 5c represents a mutual coupling of a second and a third coupling profile (105, 106), wherein Figure 5c represents a coupling of a first tile (100, 201,202, 301) on the right with a second tile (100, 201,202, 301) on the left, wherein the first tile (100, 201,202, 301) is a cross section along the line B-B, and the second tile (100, 201, 202, 301) is also a cross section along the line B-B.

In Figures 5a and 5b it can be seen that, in coupled condition, at least a part of the lateral tongue (400) of the first coupling profile (104) of a tile (100, 201, 202, 301) is inserted into the third recess (430) of the third coupling profile (106) of an adjacent tile (100, 201, 202, 301), and at least a part of the upward locking element (433) of the third coupling profile (106) is inserted into the first downward recess (402) of the first coupling profile (104). In order to establish a fixation in the mutual position of the first coupling profile (104) and the third coupling profile (106), a part of a lower side (405) of the lateral tongue (400), in particular the first contact portion of the lower side (405') of the first coupling profile (104), may be supported on a support surface (500), in particular on a second support portion (500a) of the support surface (500), of the third recess (430) of the third coupling profile (106). The first edge (101) and the third edge (103), in coupled condition, define a first closing surface (501) defined as a first vertical plane (502) through the upper edges (503) of the coupled tiles (100, 201, 202, 301). In particular, the third closing surface (430) of the third edge (103) abuts the first closing surface (425) of the first edge (101). The first closing surface (501) defined by the first vertical plane (502) is thus located between the third closing surface (430) and the first closing surface (425).

Each of the side tab (400) and the third recess (430) extend through said first vertical plane (502).

At least one portion, in particular a distal portion of the side tab (400), extends beyond the left side of the first vertical plane (502), where it is clamped between a portion of the support surface (500), in particular the first support portion (500a), and a part of the upper lip contact portion (424). This clamping can be carried out in different ways. It is conceivable that the thickness of the side tab (400), in particular defined by a vertical line and/or portion extending from the lower side contact portion (405') substantially vertically towards the side tab contact portion (409), is greater compared to a vertical line and/or portion extending from the third support portion (500a) and a part of the upper lip contact portion (424), in particular the part of the upper lip contact portion (424) located vertically above the third support portion (500a). The different thickness may result from a marginal difference in angle (i.e., a difference in angle of about 1 degree) between a first and a second angle, the first angle may be defined by the top side (107) and the contact portion of the side tab (409), and the second angle may be defined by the top side (107) and the contact portion of the upper lip (424). The difference in thickness allows the side tab (400) to be held and the mutual tiles (100, 201, 202, 301) to be vertically locked. It is also conceivable that the shape of the side tab (400) follows the contours of the inner portion of the third recess (430), such that in the locked position the side tab (400) fits exactly into said inner portion of the third recess (430) and vertically locks the two tiles (100, 201, 202, 301) together. In the locked configuration, there is a first cavity (506) to the left of the tip (444) of the side tab (400). This cavity (506) allows for easier coupling and uncoupling of the two tiles (100, 201, 202, 301), especially since the coupling and uncoupling of the first and third coupling profiles (104, 106) occurs under an angulation movement, in which the side tab (400) is angled inwards or outwards from the third recess (430). During this angulation movement, the cavity (506) allows the tip (444) of the side tab (506) to move, preventing the side tab (400) from remaining stuck as a result of friction between the tip (444) of the side tab (400) and the third recess (430). Furthermore, during this angulation movement while coupling or uncoupling the first and third coupling profiles (104, 106), the lower side contact portion (405') functions as a sliding line contact, due to which line contact said lower side contact portion (405') can easily slide over the support surface (500) of the third coupling profile (106). In the coupled position, the lower side contact portion (405') will be supported by the third support portion (500a). Towards the heel (404) of the side tongue (400) there may be, in a coupled configuration of the first and third coupling profiles (104, 106), a second (triangular) cavity (507). Due to said second cavity (507) more space may be available during the angulation movement for the side tab (400), which allows an easier coupling of the first and third coupling profiles (104, 106). In the coupled configuration, the first contact portion of the proximal side (403') abuts the upper contact portion (434a) of the upward locking element (433), which produces a horizontal locking of the two tiles (100, 201, 202, 301). This horizontal locking can be realized by friction between the first contact portion of the proximal side (403') and the upper contact portion (434a) of the upward locking element (433). To the right of the distal side (442) of the upward locking element (433) facing away from the third recess (430) there may be, in a mated configuration of the first and third mating profiles (104, 106), a third cavity (508) defining an open space (508) between the first downward flank (401) and the lower lip (431), in particular the upward locking element (433). Due to this open space (508) downward movement of the panel may be easier since there is substantially less, preferably no, friction between the first downward flank (401) and the distal side (442) of the upward locking element (433) facing away from the third recess (430).

Figure 5c further shows that, in a coupled condition, at least a part of the descending tongue (410) of the second coupling profile (105) is inserted into the third recess (430) of the third coupling profile (106), and at least a part of the ascending locking element (433) of the third coupling profile (106) is inserted into the second descending recess (412) of the second coupling profile (105). In order to establish a fixation in the mutual position of the second coupling profile (105) and the third coupling profile (106), a part of a lower side (415) of the descending tongue (410), in particular the contact portion of the lower side (415') of the second coupling profile (105), may be supported by a support surface (500), in particular by a second support portion (500b) of the support surface (500), of the third recess (430) of the third coupling profile (106). The second edge (102) and the third edge (103), in coupled condition, define a second closing surface (504) which defines a second vertical plane (505) through the upper edges (503) of the coupled tiles (100, 201, 202, 301). The fourth locking element (418), or at least a part thereof, and the remaining part of the falling tongue (410) are located on opposite sides of said second vertical plane (505), while the third recess (430) extends through said second vertical plane (505). The coupling of the second and third coupling profiles (105, 106) can be carried out by lowering or bending down the second coupling profile (105), in particular the falling tongue (410) in the third coupling profile (106), in particular in the third recess (430) of an adjacent tile (100, 201, 202, 301). In this case, on the upper side (107) near the second vertical plane (505) there is a chamfer (bevel) provided both on the upper side (107) of the second coupling profile (105) and on the third coupling profile (106). These two chamfers mutually form a bevel in the vertical plane (505). On opposite sides of the vertical plane, near the upper side (107) of the tiles (100, 201, 202, 301), the third closing surface (420) of the third coupling profile (106) abuts the upper part of the vertical wall (417) of the second coupling profile (105). Near the lower portion of the vertical wall part (417) there is a cut-out part (408), said cut-out part (408) forming a recess extending in a direction opposite to the second vertical plane (505). Said cut-out part (408) is configured in particular to receive the fourth locking element (418) during the downward bending movement, so that a vertical locking can be performed. In a coupled condition, at least a portion of the fourth locking element (418) is located on the side of the second vertical plane (505) facing away from the descending tongue (410). To ensure that the entire fourth locking element (418) can be received by the cut-out portion (408), the cut-out portion (408) is larger compared to the fourth locking element (418). The fourth locking element (418) preferably has a maximum width of between 0.008 mm and 0.12 mm, measured in a direction perpendicular to and from the top of the vertical wall (417). A bottom-side contact portion (415') of the second coupling profile (105) bears on a portion of the bearing surface (500) of the third coupling profile (106). In particular, the bottom-side contact portion (415') bears on a second bearing portion (500b). Located to the right of the lower side contact portion (415') is a cut-out portion (414'), which serves to facilitate a disengagement movement. The cut-out portion (414') in particular may allow the descending tongue (410) to move over the proximal side (434) of the ascending locking element (433), in particular over the third upper contact portion and the third lower contact portion (434a, 434b) thereof. Said third lower contact portion (434b) serves, in combination with the second proximal contact portion (413'), to achieve a horizontal locking of the descending tongue (410). This horizontal locking may be the result of friction between the third lower contact portion (434b) and the second proximal contact portion (413'). The second proximal contact portion (413') may enclose an angle with the upper side (107) which may be at most 70 degrees, but is preferably kept below 65 degrees. Keeping the angle below this level will allow easier disengagement of the second and third coupling profiles (105, 106). Furthermore, the descending tongue (410) may be formed such that, in a coupled configuration, it is caught in the third coupling profile (106), in particular between the third closing surface (420) and the third lower contact portion (434b) thereof. Near the distal side (442) of the ascending locking element (433), in a coupled condition, there is a fourth cavity (509). During the downward bending movement, a minimal elastic deformation of the neck portion, i.e. the thinnest portion of the second coupling profile (105), occurs, which allows the second locking element (422) to move over the third locking element (440), formed by the outward protuberance (443). In the final position, i.e. when the two tiles (100, 201, 202, 301) are flush, the third locking element (440) comprises a protuberance (443) with a third locking surface (440') inclined and substantially flat, and wherein the second locking element (422) comprises a recess (423) partially defined by a second locking surface (422') inclined and substantially flat, wherein said recess (423) is configured to accommodate at least a portion of said protuberance (443), and wherein said second locking surface (422') is configured to face, and preferably co-act with, said third locking surface (440').

The ordinal numbers used in this document, such as "first," "second," "third," etc., are for identification purposes only. Therefore, the use of the terms "third locking element" and "second locking element" does not necessarily require the simultaneous presence of a "first locking element."

The tiles of the tile system according to the invention may also be referred to as panels. The core layer may also be referred to as a base layer and may be composed of a plurality of sublayers, which may include, for example, a reinforcing layer, such as a fiberglass layer. The coupling profiles may also be referred to as coupling parts or connecting profiles. "Complementary" coupling profiles mean that these coupling profiles can cooperate with one another. For this purpose, the complementary coupling profiles do not necessarily have complementary shapes. Locking in the "vertical direction" means locking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the tile. Locking in the "horizontal direction" means locking in a direction perpendicular to the respective mating edges of two tiles and parallel to or downward along with the plane defined by the tiles. Where reference is made in this document to a "floor tile" or a "floor panel", these terms may be replaced by terms such as "tile", "wall tile", "ceiling tile", "cladding tile", "panel", "wall panel", "ceiling panel", "cladding panel". In the context of this document, the terms "foamed composite material" and "foamed plastic material" (or "foam plastic material") are interchangeable, where the foamed composite material comprises a foamed mixture comprising at least one (thermo)plastic material and at least one filler (non-polymeric material).

The inventive concepts described above are illustrated by several illustrative embodiments. It is conceivable that individual inventive concepts of an embodiment may be applied without, in doing so, also applying other details of said embodiment. It is not necessary to detail examples of all imaginable combinations of the inventive concepts described above, since one skilled in the art will understand that numerous inventive concepts can be (re)combined to arrive at a specific application. It is explicitly emphasized here that all mathematical combinations are possible between the features mentioned above and referenced in the claims as filed, provided that the combination obtained in each case does not include any contradictory features. Thus, this application also constitutes a reservation of possibilities of the claimed subject matter.

It will be apparent that the invention is not limited to the working examples shown and described herein, but that numerous variants are possible within the scope of the appended claims which will be obvious to one skilled in the art.

The verb "to understand" and its conjugations used in this patent publication are understood not only as "to comprise", but also as the phrases "to contain", "to consist substantially of", "formed by" and their conjugations.

Claims (14)

1. Multi-purpose tile system (110,200,300), in particular a floor tile system, comprising a plurality of multi-purpose tiles (100,201,202,301), in particular floor tiles, wherein the tiles, and preferably each tile, comprise: - at least a first edge (101) with a first coupling profile (104) comprising: ° a side tab (400) extending in a direction substantially parallel to the upper side (107) of the tile, ° at least a first descending flank (401) located at a distance from the lateral tongue, and ° a first descending recess (402) formed between the lateral tongue and the first descending flank, - at least one second edge (102) with a second coupling profile (105) comprising: ° a downward tab (410) extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the upper side (107) of the tile, ° at least a second descending flank (411) located at a distance from the descending tab, ° a second descending recess (412) formed between the descending tab and the descending flank, and ° at least one second locking element (422) provided on the second descending flank of the second coupling profile - at least one third edge (103), and preferably at least two third edges, each third edge having a third coupling profile (106) comprising: ° a third recess (430) configured to accommodate at least a portion of the side tab of the first coupling profile of another tile and at least a portion of the lower tab of another tile, said third recess being defined by an upper lip (431) and a lower lip (432), wherein said lower lip is provided with an upward locking element (433), and ° at least one third locking element (440) provided on a distal side (441) of the lower lip facing away from the third recess and/or a distal side (442) of the upward locking element facing away from the third recess, wherein the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that two of said tiles can be coupled to each other at the first and third edges by a rotating movement, wherein, in coupled condition: - at least a part of the lateral tongue of the first coupling profile of a tile is inserted into the third recess of the third coupling profile of an adjacent tile, - at least a part of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile is inserted into the first downward recess of the first coupling profile, and - a proximal side of the lateral tongue, facing the first descending flank, interacts with the third upper contact portion of the ascending locking element of the third coupling profile, and wherein the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that said two tiles can be coupled to each other at the second and third edges, preferably by a downward bending movement and/or a vertical movement, wherein, in coupled condition: - at least a part of the descending tongue of the second coupling profile is inserted into the third recess of the third coupling profile of an adjacent tile, - at least a part of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile is inserted into the second downward recess of the second coupling profile, - at least one second locking element faces at least one third locking element and preferably interacts with it to achieve a vertical locking effect, and - a proximal side of the descending tongue, facing the second descending flank, of the second coupling profile interacts with the third lower contact portion of the ascending locking element of the third coupling profile - wherein the lateral tongue comprises a tip, oriented in the opposite direction to the first descending flank, and a heel, oriented towards the first descending flank, characterized in that a lower side of the lateral tongue located between said tip and said heel is inclined upwards in a direction towards the first descending flank, and wherein the direction in which the lower side of the side tongue extends and the plane defined by the tile mutually enclose an angle of between 2° and 10°, preferably between 4° and 6°, in particular of approximately 5°, and in that the proximal side of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile, facing the third recess, is fully inclined upwards in a direction opposite to the upper lip, wherein the proximal side of the upward locking element comprises a third lower contact portion extending in a first direction and a third upper contact portion extending in a second direction, deviating from the first direction. 2. Multi-purpose tile system, in particular a floor tile system, preferably according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of multi-purpose tiles, in particular floor tiles, wherein at least a first tile comprises at least a first edge having a first coupling profile comprising: ° a side tab extending in a direction substantially parallel to the top side of the tile, ° at least a first descending flank located at a distance from the lateral tongue, and ° a first descending recess formed between the side tongue and the first descending flank, wherein at least one second tile comprises at least one second edge having a second coupling profile comprising: ° a downward tab extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the top side of the tile, ° at least one second descending flank located at a distance from the descending tongue, ° a second descending recess formed between the descending tongue and the descending flank, and ° at least one second locking element provided on the second descending flank of the second coupling profile, and wherein at least a third tile comprises at least a third edge having a third coupling profile comprising: ° a third recess configured to accommodate at least a part of the lateral tab of the first coupling profile of another tile, said third recess being defined by an upper lip and a lower lip, in which said lower lip is provided with an upward locking element, and ° at least one third locking element provided on a distal side of the lower lip facing away from the third recess and/or a distal side of the ascending locking element facing away from the third recess, wherein the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that two of said tiles can be coupled to each other at the first and third edges by a rotating movement, wherein, in coupled condition: - at least a part of the lateral tongue of the first coupling profile of a first tile is inserted into the third recess of the third coupling profile of a third tile, - at least a part of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile is inserted into the first downward recess of the first coupling profile, and - a proximal side of the lateral tongue, facing the first descending flank, interacts with the third upper contact portion of the ascending locking element of the third coupling profile, and wherein the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that said two tiles can be coupled to each other at the second and third edges, preferably by a downward bending movement and/or a vertical movement, wherein, in coupled condition: - at least a part of the descending tongue of the second coupling profile of a second tile is inserted into the third recess of the third coupling profile of a third tile, and - at least a part of the ascending locking element of the third coupling profile is inserted into the second descending recess of the second coupling profile, - at least one second locking element faces, and preferably interacts with, at least one third locking element to achieve a vertical locking effect, - and - a proximal side of the descending tongue, facing the second descending flank, of the second coupling profile interacts with the third lower contact portion of the ascending locking element of the third coupling profile, and wherein the first tile and/or the second tile and/or the third tile may be formed by the same tile, wherein the side tongue comprises a tip, oriented in a direction opposite to the first descending flank, and a heel, oriented towards the first descending flank, characterized in that a lower side of the side tongue located between said tip and said heel is inclined upwards in a direction towards the first descending flank, and wherein the direction in which the lower side of the side tongue extends and the plane defined by the tile mutually enclose an angle comprised between 2° and 10°, preferably between 4° and 6°, in particular approximately 5°, and in that the proximal side of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile, facing the third recess, is fully inclined upwards in a direction opposite to the upper lip, wherein the proximal side of the upward locking element comprises a third lower contact portion extending in a first direction and a third upper contact portion extending in a second direction, deviating from the first direction. 3. Tile system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the third lower contact portion connects to the third upper contact portion, wherein the third lower contact portion extends in a first direction and the third upper contact portion extends in a second direction deviating from the first direction and/or wherein the third lower contact portion connects via at least one intermediate curved region, preferably a convex region, to the third upper contact portion, wherein the third lower contact portion extends in a first direction and the third upper contact portion extends in a second direction deviating from the first direction. 4. Tile system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a first angle enclosed by the first direction in which the third lower contact portion extends and a plane defined by the tile is greater than a second angle enclosed by the second direction in which the third upper contact portion extends and a plane defined by the tile. 5. Tile system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first direction in which the third lower contact portion extends encloses an angle with a plane defined by the tile which is from 50° to 85°, preferably between 60° and 75°, more preferably between 63° and 67°, in particular approximately 65° and/or wherein the second direction in which the third upper contact portion extends encloses an angle with a plane defined by the tile which is from 30° to 65°, preferably between 40° and 55°, more preferably between 47° and 53°, in particular approximately 50°. 6. Tile system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, in the coupled condition of the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile of adjacent tiles, the proximal side of the lateral tongue, facing the first descending flank, only interacts with the third upper contact portion of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile and/or wherein, in the coupled condition of the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile of adjacent tiles, the proximal side of the downward tongue, facing the second descending flank, only interacts with the third lower contact portion of the upward locking element of the third coupling profile. 7. Tile system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a heel of the falling tab, defined by a lower side of the falling tab and the proximal side of the falling tab, is provided with a cut-out portion to facilitate disengagement of the second coupling and the third coupling profile, and preferably wherein the first edge and the third edge, in coupled condition, define a first closing surface defining a first vertical plane through the upper edges of the coupled tiles or at least the place where the tiles meet at the upper side of the tiles and/or wherein the second edge and the third edge, in coupled condition, define a second closing surface defining a second vertical plane through the upper edges of the coupled tiles or at least the place where the tiles meet at the upper side of the tiles. 8. Tile system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the distal side of the descending tongue, facing away from the second descending flank, is provided with a fourth locking element, and wherein the upper lip of the third coupling profile is provided with a fifth locking element configured to face and preferably co-act with said fourth locking element to achieve a vertical locking effect, in coupled condition of the second coupling profile and of the third coupling profile of adjacent tiles and/or wherein an upper side of the lower lip defines a bearing surface both for the descending tongue of the second coupling profile of an adjacent tile and for the lateral tongue of the first coupling profile of an adjacent tile. 9. Tile system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured to allow these coupling profiles, in coupled condition, to be uncoupled by an upward rotation movement and/or wherein the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured to allow these coupling profiles, in coupled condition, to be uncoupled by an upward rotation movement. 10. Tile system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the third locking element comprises at least one outwardly facing protuberance, and wherein the second locking element comprises at least one second locking recess, and wherein the protuberance and the recess have a substantially complementary shape, and preferably wherein at least one second locking element of the second coupling profile is provided on a distal side of the downward-facing tongue facing away from the second downward-facing recess, and wherein at least one third locking element of the third coupling profile is provided on a side of the upper lip, in coupled condition facing the distal side of the downward-facing tongue of the second coupling profile of an adjacent tile. 11. Tile system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least a portion of the proximal side of the descending tongue of the second coupling profile, facing the second descending recess, is inclined downwards in a direction opposite to the second descending flank, preferably such that an angle is enclosed with the normal perpendicular to the plane defined by each tile, wherein said angle is between 0 and 60 degrees, in particular between 0 and 45 degrees, and/or wherein at least a portion of the proximal side of the lateral tongue of the first coupling profile, facing the first descending recess, is inclined downwards in a direction opposite to the first descending flank, preferably such that an angle is formed with the normal perpendicular to the plane defined by each tile, wherein said angle is between 0 and 60 degrees, in particular between 0 and 45 degrees. 12. Tile system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least a portion of the proximal side of the lateral tongue of the first coupling profile, facing the first descending recess, is inclined downwards in the direction of the first descending flank, preferably such that an angle is enclosed with the normal perpendicular to the plane defined by each tile, wherein said angle is between 0 and 60 degrees, in particular between 0 and 45 degrees, and optionally, wherein the first coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that, in coupled condition, the first coupling profile is held by the third coupling profile and/or wherein the second coupling profile and the third coupling profile are configured such that, in coupled condition, the second coupling profile is held by the third coupling profile. 13. Tile system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in a tile-coupled condition, the first descending flank of the first coupling profile and a distal side of the rising locking element and/or lower lip of the third coupling profile, facing the first descending flank, are located at a distance from each other and/or wherein in a tile-coupled condition, the second descending flank of the second coupling profile and a distal side of the rising locking element and/or lower lip of the third coupling profile, facing the second descending flank, are located at least partially at a distance from each other. 14. Tile covering, in particular floor covering, ceiling covering or wall covering, formed by interlocking tiles of the tile system according to any of claims 1-13.