ES2953938T3 - Porch structure to finish and equip an opening in an exterior wall of a building - Google Patents

Abstract

A gantry frame structure for finishing and equipping an opening of an exterior wall of a building has a first and a second lateral elongated element (9, 10) and transverse elements (11; 12) integral with the first and second lateral elongated element (9, 10), which are parallel and each comprise at least one mat (13) of an insulating and non-combustible material such as, for example, mineral wool or fiberglass; and at least one reinforcement panel (14), which is integral with the mat (13) and extends along most of a main face of the mat (13). (Automatic translation with Google Translate, without legal value)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Porch structure to finish and equip an opening in an exterior wall of a building

The present invention relates to a porch structure for finishing and equipping an opening in an exterior wall of a building.

In particular, the present invention relates to a porch structure, which is inserted into the opening of the exterior wall and fixed to the exterior wall in order to house and support a respective element, be it a window, a door with window or a door. The gantry structure defines a frame tailored to the respective element, delimits the space with appropriately finished surfaces and thermally and acoustically isolates the accessory from the exterior wall and prevents the formation of thermal bridges along the exterior wall around the accessories.

Generally, the frame structure is largely made of high-density polystyrene, which has good properties of compactness, mechanical resistance, work capacity, thermal and acoustic insulation.

However, this material is combustible and some countries have banned its use in the construction sector and other countries are taking similar measures.

Document EP 2,913,454 discloses a construction panel, comprising a load-bearing structure composed of a plurality of metal profiles, of which at least two head profiles are placed at two opposite ends of the panel and two or more parallel load profiles to each other and perpendicular to said header profiles and fixed to said header profiles, with thermal and acoustic insulating material interposed between said profiles and first and second structural plates coupled to opposite faces of the supporting structure, the first and second structural plates are gypsum fiber or cement fiber boards.

However, the previous construction is too heavy and the metal component impairs thermal insulation.

An object of the present invention is to provide a frame structure of the type identified above that overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art.

According to the present invention, according to claim 1, a frame structure is provided for finishing and equipping an opening in an exterior wall of a building.

In this way, mats made of a thermal and acoustic insulating material such as, for example, mineral wool and fiberglass, can be used, which are capable of meeting the strictest fire prevention standards but are not capable of carrying out completely a load-bearing function in the gantry structure. Mineral wool and fiberglass allow the frame structure to be classified in high fire reaction classes, in particular in classes A1, A2 and B of the European classification EN 13501-1.

The reinforcing panel, which is adhered, for example, by gluing, to a main face of the mat, has the function of defining the outer finishing surface of the opening space and, in combination with the mat, of making the first and second elongated elements are self-supporting. The reinforcing panel is generally thin and made of a high-density material such as, for example, fiber cement, and therefore will bend if subjected to a bending moment, while the mat is much thicker than the reinforcing panel but has a lower density and, therefore, is more deformable. In practice, a mineral wool or fiberglass is selected that has a density between 70 and 150 kg/mc. The attachment of the mat having a large thickness to the reinforcing panel having a reduced thickness resolves the reciprocal structural weaknesses of the mat and the reinforcing panel and makes the first and second elongated elements sufficiently self-supporting.

Furthermore, the proposed solution has the advantage of greatly reducing the use of petroleum-derived materials.

In particular, the transverse elements comprise a third upper elongated element, which rests on the first and second elongated elements at their upper ends and is fixed to the first and second elongated elements and comprises a mat made of an insulating and non-combustible material such as, for example, mineral wool or fiberglass; and at least one reinforcing panel, which is integral with the mat and extends along the majority of a main face of the mat.

In this way, the upper element is also capable of guaranteeing thermal and acoustic insulation and being non-combustible.

In particular, the transverse elements comprise a fourth elongated element opposite and parallel to the third elongated element and supporting the first and second elongated elements; the fourth elongated element being fixed to the first and second elongated elements and comprising a mat made of an insulating and non-combustible material such as, for example, mineral wool or fiberglass; and at least one reinforcement panel, which is integral with the mat and extends at least partially along a main face of the mat.

In this way, the porch structure comprises a base and defines a square completely acoustically and thermally isolated from the exterior wall.

In particular, each of the first and second side elongate elements comprises an additional reinforcing panel integral with the mat.

In this way, the additional reinforcement panel allows the first and second elongated elements to be further reinforced. In particular, the reinforcement panel and the additional reinforcement panel cover most of the respective main faces of the mat.

In this way, the reinforcement panel and the additional reinforcement panel carry out the functions of containing and protecting the mat.

In particular, the additional reinforcement panel has a protruding portion with respect to the mat for mounting an interior accessory along the protruding portion, in particular, the additional reinforcement panel extends partially along the main face opposite the integral face with the reinforcement panel.

In this way, the additional reinforcement panel also acts as a counterframe.

In particular, each of the first and second elongate elements comprises a plurality of containment elements extending between each reinforcement panel and the additional reinforcement panel to enclose the mat between the reinforcement panel, the additional reinforcement panel and the containment elements.

This configuration is necessary when the consistency of the mat is of particularly low density.

In particular, the containment elements comprise slats, the opposite ends of which are fixed to the reinforcement panel and to the other reinforcement panel, said slats being discreetly distributed along the elongated element.

In this way, it is possible to contain the weight of the first and second elongated elements.

In particular, the containment elements comprise a front panel arranged at right angles between the reinforcement panel and the additional reinforcement panel.

In this way, the mat is enclosed in a reinforcing structure.

According to a variant of the present invention, the additional reinforcing panel is integrated into the mat for the benefit of the structural simplicity of the first and second elongated elements.

In particular, each of the first and second elongated elements comprises two mats and two respective reinforcement panels, one of which adheres to both non-combustible insulating mats.

In this way, it is possible to form different configurations depending on the depth of the mats, such as, for example, to manufacture counterframes.

In particular, the first and second lateral elongate elements comprise respective recesses extending into the mat; Each recess houses a U-shaped guide, in particular, the guide is made of a metallic material. In this way, the first and second elongated elements have the function of guiding the blinds.

In particular, the third elongated element comprises three insulating mats fixed to respective reinforcement panels, which are assembled to form a tunnel configured to house a blind; the interior surface of the tunnel being defined by the free faces of the self-supporting panels.

In this way, the tunnel that houses the blind is also fireproof.

In particular, the reinforcing panel is made of a material selected from fiber cement, magnesium oxide, calcium hydrosilicate; marble; sheet metal; resin; and ceramics.

The non-combustible materials mentioned above, in addition to guaranteeing a high level of surface finish, contribute to providing the frame structure with an excellent reaction to fire class in accordance with the European classification EN 13501-1.

In particular, the additional reinforcement panel is made of a material selected from metal, fiber cement, oxide magnesium, calcium hydrosilicate, resin, ceramic and a material derived from wood, in particular, a material derived from wood containing magnesium oxide and/or glass fiber and/or metal additives.

In this way, in addition, the use of a material derived from wood normally used for the manufacture of the counterframe does not harm the high class of reaction to fire of the entire frame structure given the meager mass of the material derived from wood with respect to the entire porch structure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a frame structure that is free from the drawbacks of the prior art.

According to the present invention, according to claim 16, there is provided a method for manufacturing a frame structure as described above, the method comprising:

- attaching a mat made of an insulating and non-combustible material, such as, for example, mineral wool or fiberglass, to a reinforcing panel to form a lateral elongated element; and

- assembling a first and a second lateral elongated element and transverse elements to manufacture a gantry structure, wherein the first and second lateral elongated elements are facing each other.

In this way, the frame structure is structurally stable and ready to be inserted into an exterior wall opening.

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be evident from the following description of non-limiting embodiment examples thereof, with reference to the attached figures, where:

- Figure 1 is a perspective view, with parts removed for clarity and parts in section, of a frame structure manufactured in accordance with the present invention and installed in an opening in an exterior wall of a building;

- Figure 2 is a sectional view, with parts in section and on an enlarged scale, of an elongated lateral element of the gantry structure;

- Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 are section views, with parts removed for the sake of clarity, of respective variants of the elongated lateral element of Figure 2;

- Figures 7 and 8 are section views, with parts removed for the sake of clarity and on an enlarged scale, of the respective upper and lower elongated elements of the frame structure of Figure 1;

- Figure 9 is a side elevation view, with details removed for the sake of clarity, of the elongated element of Figure 4; and

- Figures 10, 11 and 12 are schematic views, with parts removed for the sake of clarity and on a reduced scale, of the respective three possible variants of the frame structure of Figure 1.

With reference to Figure 1, the reference numeral 1 indicates, as a whole, a frame structure arranged in an opening of an exterior wall 2 of a building. In general, the frame structure 1 performs the functions of supporting an interior accessory 3 and an exterior element or shutter; to isolate elements 3 and 4 of the exterior wall 2 and to finish off the free surfaces.

In the illustrated case, the external accessory 4 is defined by a rolling shutter and the supporting structure 1 also performs the functions of guiding the rolling shutter in the opening and closing movements and housing the external accessory 4.

In embodiments not illustrated in the attached figures, the interior and exterior elements are of a different type and the gantry structure has a configuration adapted to the configuration of the elements without, however, deviating from the scope of protection of the present invention such as is defined in the attached claims. In some cases, the outer accessory is absent.

The exterior wall 2 comprises a load-bearing or filling wall 5; an outer insulating coating 6; an outer finishing layer 7; and an interior finishing layer 8. The stratigraphy of the exterior wall 2 illustrated in Figure 1 is for illustrative purposes only and, in practice, may assume different configurations than that illustrated.

The frame structure 1 illustrated in Figure 1 comprises four elongated elements 9, 10, 11 and 12 assembled together at respective opposite ends: two lateral elongated elements 9 and 10 and two transverse elongated elements 11 and 12 of which one is one upper elongated element 11 and another is a lower elongated element 12. The frame structure 1 is fixed to the outer wall 2 by means of anchors, which are not illustrated in Figure 1 and are cemented into the outer wall.

The elongated lateral elements 9 and 10 are arranged on the sides of the opening and are parallel and opposite to each other. The upper elongated member 11 rests on the elongated members 9 and 10 at their upper ends and is attached to the elongated members 9 and 10. The lower elongated member 12 faces and is parallel to the upper elongated member 11 and directly supports the lateral elongated members. 9 and 10 and is fixed to them.

Each of the elongated elements 9, 10, 11 and 12 comprises a mat 13, 36, 40; and a reinforcement panel 14, 37, 41 that is integral with the respective mat 13, 36, 40 and extends, at least partially, along a main face of the mat 13, 36, 40.

Each mat 13, 36, 40 is parallelepiped shaped and has insulating properties in both acoustic transmission and heat transmission and is made of a non-combustible material. In particular, each mat 13, 36, 40 is made of an insulating and non-combustible material, in particular selected from fiberglass and mineral wool. The definition non-combustible refers to the European classification EN 13501-1. Although these two materials have a high density, they are not capable of defining a frame structure with a stable shape. For this reason, each mat 13, 36, 40 is glued along a wide main face thereof to the respective reinforcement panel 14, 37, 41 to allow prefabrication of the frame structure 1 before installation of the frame structure 1 in the opening of the exterior wall 2. According to the tests carried out, a satisfactory bond has been obtained with a moisture-hardened polyurethane adhesive.

With reference to Figure 2, the elongated element 9, 10 comprises, in addition to the mat 13 and the reinforcement panel 14, another reinforcement panel 15, which is integral with the mat 13 and has a protruding portion with respect to the mat 13 to mount an inner fitting 3 along the protruding portion. In particular, the reinforcement panel 15 is glued to the mat 13 and extends partially along the main face opposite the main face integral with the reinforcement panel 14. The reinforcement panel 14 and the additional reinforcement panel 15 They cover most of the respective main faces of the mat 13, therefore, the elongated element 9 and, similarly, the elongated element 10 have a sandwich configuration.

Each of the elongated elements 9 and 10 has a gap extending in the mat 13 and a corresponding incision in the reinforcement panel 14 and comprises a U-shaped guide 16 housed in the gap and in the incision to guide the accessory. exterior 4 or blind (Figure 1).

In the variant of Figure 3, the reinforcement panel 15 does not protrude with respect to the mat 13 and the lateral elongated element 9, 10 comprises a metal plate 17 that protrudes and is fixed to the reinforcement panel 15 and defines the counterframe to accommodate the inner element.

Figures 4 and 8 illustrate a variant 19 of the elongated element 9 (Figure 1) and, similarly, a variant 20 of the elongated element 10 (Figure 1). According to this variant, in Figure 4, the reinforcement panel 19, 20 comprises a mat 21 which is enclosed between a reinforcement panel 22, a reinforcement panel 23 and a plurality of containment elements, comprising slats 24 whose Opposite ends are attached to the reinforcement panels 22 and 23 and a front panel 25 arranged at right angles between the reinforcement panels 22 and 23.

In the illustrated embodiment, the mat 21 has a recess while the reinforcement panel 22 comprises a corresponding recess that houses a guide 26, which has a wall flush with one face of the mat 21.

The mat 21 has an additional recess to partially accommodate the reinforcement panel 23, which has a face flush with a face of the insulating and non-combustible mat 21. Each slat 24 is fixed to the reinforcement panel 23 and to the guide 26, which, in turn, is fixed to the reinforcement panel 22. The slats 24, however, are preferably made of metal and are fixed with screws.

In a variant not illustrated in Figure 4, the slats 24 are partially replaced by a panel that extends on the opposite face to the face that adheres to the panel 22 and connects directly to the reinforcement panel 23 and to the panel 22 by means of of connecting strips. Panel 25 is replaced by connecting strips between panel 22 and panel 23.

Figure 5 illustrates a variant 29 of the elongated element 9 (Figure 1) and similarly a variant 30 of the elongated element 10 (Figure 1). Each of the first and second lateral elongated elements 29, 30 comprises two mats 31 and 32 and two respective reinforcement panels 33, 34, the first of which adheres to both mats 31 and 32. The mat 32 has a depth that It is approximately half the depth of the mat 31 and is arranged in an overlapping manner to form a socket plate for an element (not shown) and approximately half the depth of the mat 31.

Each side elongated element 29, 30 comprises an additional reinforcement panel 35 buried in the mat 31.

Referring to Figure 6, each mat 31, 32 has a respective reinforcement panel 33, 34 and a respective additional reinforcement panel 35A, 35B bonded to the main faces. Mat 32 houses a guide 26A.

In the variants described with reference to Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, the reinforcement panels 14, 22, 34 protrude with respect to the respective mats 13, 21, 32, it being understood that, according to the variants not illustrated, the reinforcing panels 14, 22, 34 are flush with the respective mats 13, 21, 32.

Referring to Figure 7, the upper elongated element 11 comprises three mats 36 integral with respective reinforcement panels 37, which are assembled together forming a tunnel 38 that houses the outer accessory 4. The reinforcement panels 37 define the inner face of tunnel 38.

With reference to Figure 1, the elongated element 11 comprises another panel 39, which has the function of partially enclosing the tunnel 38 at the bottom, leaving a slot for the passage of the blind or the external accessory 4.

According to a variant not illustrated, the upper elongated element 11 comprises a single mat and a single reinforcing panel. This simplified solution is adopted when it is not necessary to house the exterior element.

Referring to Figure 8, the elongated element 12 comprises the mat 40 and the reinforcement panel 41 arranged on top of the mat 40 and partially projecting with respect to the mat 40.

In general, the reinforcement panels 14, 22, 33, 34, which have a finishing function, are made of a material selected from fiber cement, magnesium oxide, calcium hydrosilicate; sheet metal; marble and ceramic.

The reinforcing panels 15, 23 are made of a material selected from metal, fiber cement, magnesium oxide, calcium hydrosilicate, resin, ceramic or a material derived from wood, in particular, a material derived from wood containing oxide. magnesium and/or fiberglass and/or metallic additives.

The reinforcing panels 35 are made of a non-combustible material, preferably calcium hydrosilicate.

Finally, it should be understood that variations can be made to the present invention with respect to the described embodiment without, however, deviating from the scope of protection of the appended claims.

For example, Figure 10 shows a frame structure 42 comprising the lateral elongated members 9 and 10 and two transverse reinforcing bars 43 while the upper elongated member 11 and the lower elongated member 12 are omitted. Once the frame structure is installed gantry 42, crossbars 43 are removed.

Figure 11 shows a frame structure 44, comprising the side elongated members 9 and 10, the upper elongated member 11 and two transverse reinforcing bars 43 while the lower elongated member 12 is omitted.

Figure 12 shows a frame structure 45, comprising the side elongated members 9 and 10, the lower elongated member 12 and two transverse reinforcing bars 43 while the upper elongated member 11 is omitted.

Claims (16)

1. A porch structure for finishing and equipping an opening in an exterior wall of a building, the porch structure (1; 42; 44; 45) comprising at least a first and a second lateral elongated element (9; 19; 29 , 10; 20; 30) and transverse elements (11; 12; 43) integral with the first and second lateral elongated elements (9; 19; 29, 10; 20; 30), said first and second lateral elongated elements (9 ; 19; 29; 10; 20; 30) parallel and each of the first and second elongated elements (9; 19; 29; 10; 20; 30) comprising at least one mat (13; 21; 31, 32) made of an insulating and non-combustible material such as, for example, mineral wool or fiberglass; and at least one reinforcement panel (14; 22; 33, 34), said reinforcement panel (14; 22; 33; 34) being integral with the mat (13; 21; 31, 32) and extending along along the majority of a main face of the mat (13; 21; 31, 32), characterized in that each of the first and second elongated elements (9; 19; 29, 10; 20; 30) is made by coupling a mat (13; 21; 31, 32) of an insulating and non-combustible material, for example, mineral wool or fiberglass, to a reinforcement panel (14; 22; 33, 34) to form said elongated lateral element ( 9; 19; 29; 10; 20; 30) and is assembled to transverse elements (11; 12; 43) to manufacture said frame structure (1; 42; 43; 44). 2. The gantry structure according to claim 1, wherein said transverse elements (11; 12; 43) comprise a third upper elongated element (11), which rests on the first and second elongated elements (9; 19; 29). , 10; 20; 30) at their upper ends and is fixed to the first and second elongated elements (9; 19; 29, 10; 20; 30) and comprising at least one mat (36) made of an insulating material and non-combustible such as mineral wool or fiberglass; and at least one reinforcement panel (37), which is integral with the mat (36) and extends along the majority of a main face of the mat (13). 3. The gantry structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said transverse elements (11; 12; 43) comprise a fourth lower elongated element (12), which is arranged under the first and second lateral elongated elements (9 ; 19; 29, 10; 20; 30), is fixed to the first and second elongated elements (9; 19; 29, 10; 20; 30), and comprises a mat (40) made of an insulating and non-combustible material such such as, for example, mineral wool or fiberglass; and at least one reinforcement panel (41), which is integral with the mat (40) and extends at least along the majority of a main face of the mat (40). 4. The porch structure according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each of the first and second lateral elongated elements (9; 19; 29, 10; 20; 30) comprises another reinforcement panel (15; 23; 35; 35A; 35B) integral with mat (13; 21; 31; 32). 5. The frame structure according to claim 4, wherein the reinforcement panel (14; 22; 33, 34) and the additional reinforcement panel (15; 35A; 35B) cover the majority of the respective main faces of the mat (13; 31; 32). 6. The frame structure according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the additional reinforcement panel (15; 23) has a protruding portion with respect to the mat (13; 21) for mounting an interior element (3) along of the protruding portion, in particular the additional reinforcing panel (15; 23) extends partly along the main face opposite to the face integral with the reinforcing panel (14; 22). 7. The frame structure according to claim 6, wherein each of the first and second elongated elements (19, 20) comprises a plurality of containment elements (24, 25) extending between each reinforcement panel and the additional reinforcement panel (23) to enclose the mat (21) between the reinforcement panel (22), the additional reinforcement panel (23) and the containment elements (24, 25). 8. The porch structure according to claim 7, wherein the containment elements (24, 25) comprise slats (24), their opposite ends being fixed to the reinforcement panel (22) and to the additional reinforcement panel (23). ), said slats (24) being discreetly distributed along the elongated element (19, 20). 9. The frame structure according to claims 7 or 8, wherein the containment elements (24, 25) comprise a front panel (25) arranged at right angles between the reinforcement panel (22) and the reinforcement panel additional (23). 10. The frame structure according to claim 4, wherein the additional reinforcement panel (35) is integrated into the mat (31). 11. The frame structure according to any of claims 4 to 10, wherein each of the first and second elongated elements (9, 10) comprises two mats (31, 32) and two respective reinforcement panels (33, 34), the two mats (31, 32) being connected to each other to form a shoulder. 12. The gantry structure according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first and second lateral elongate elements (9; 19, 10; 20) comprise respective gaps extending into the mat (13; 21); each recess houses a U-shaped guide (16; 26), in particular the guide (16; 26) is made of a metallic material. 13. The gantry structure according to any of claims 2 to 12, wherein the third elongated element (11) comprises three mats (36) fixed to respective reinforcement panels (37), which are assembled to form a tunnel ( 38) configured to house an exterior element (4), in particular the interior surface of the tunnel (38) being defined by the free faces of the reinforcement panels (37). 14. The frame structure according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the reinforcement panel (14; 22; 33, 34) is made of a material selected from fiber cement, magnesium oxide, calcium hydrosilicate; marble; sheet metal; resin; and ceramics. 15. The frame structure according to any of claims 4 to 14, wherein the additional reinforcement panel (15; 23; 35) is made of a material selected from metal, fiber cement, magnesium oxide, calcium hydrosilicate, resin, ceramic, a material derived from wood, in particular, a material derived from wood containing magnesium oxide and/or glass fiber and/or metal additives. 16. A method for manufacturing a frame structure according to any of the preceding claims, the method comprising: - coupling a mat (13; 21; 31, 32) of an insulating and non-combustible material, for example, mineral wool or fiberglass, to a reinforcing panel (14; 22; 33, 34) to form an elongated element lateral (9; 19; 29, 10; 20; 30); - assemble a first and a second elongated lateral element (9; 19; 29, 10; 20; 30) and transverse elements (11; 12; 43) to manufacture a gantry structure (1; 42; 43; 44), in where the first and second lateral elongated elements (9; 19; 29, 10; 20; 30) are facing each other.