ES2902015T3 - Cold supply installation, coupled to the regasification device of a liquefied natural gas terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

Cold supply installation, which can be coupled to the regasification device of a liquefied natural gas terminal, to take advantage of the high-value refrigeration capacity available there at a low temperature level during LNG regasification, characterized in that, between an inlet (3) and a cold demand point (2), the following functionally essential components are arranged that are in active union with each other, namely, an intermediate medium condenser (5), an intermediate medium evaporator (4 ), a cold carrier collector and separator (9) for cold carrier condensate (10) and cold carrier saturated steam (11), a replacement refrigeration plant (6), a cold carrier pump (7 ), an LNG butterfly valve (16) and a computer-assisted installation control (20), which, using propane as intermediate medium (12), act together in such a way that the cold carrier liquid (1) subcooled can be circulated, by means of the cold carrier pump (7), in a closed circuit, consisting of well-insulated pipes (8), cooling in the intermediate medium evaporator (4) to -50 °C, emitting heat to the medium (12) then arrives in a subcooled state at the cold demand point (2), which may be further away, which has to be supplied, to be heated here by heat absorption, which corresponds to the cooling capacity, up to close to the boiling state and then able to be led to a cold carrier collector and separator (9), where phase equilibrium between cold carrier condensate (10) and saturated steam is finally reached carrier (11), the cold carrier condensate (10) being led back as a return flow to the intermediate medium evaporator (4), where the heat is absorbed by the intermediate medium (12) which is evaporates here, which in natural circulation then reaches the condenser of medium i Intermediate (5) and there it condenses, transferring the heat to the LNG that has to be regasified, because in addition, security of supply is achieved, specifically, with the help of the regulation technique that prevents the minimum temperature from being exceeded by default. permissible pressure of the cold carrier, and additionally with the help of the replacement cold installation (6) coupled to the cold carrier manifold and separator (9), which prevents an inadmissible pressure increase in the cold carrier circuit, caused due to the interruption of the LNG flow (3) and/or due to the supply of heat at the cold demand point (2), which exceeds the established limits.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Cold supply installation, coupled to the regasification device of a liquefied natural gas terminal Field of application

The invention refers to an installation for the supply of cold, which is coupled to the LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) regasification device of an LNG terminal and which takes advantage of the high-quality, low-temperature refrigeration capacity available here.

The provision of correspondingly large cooling capacities at both near and far and branched demand points is carried out with energy savings, cost savings and security of supply.

State of the art

Natural gas can be converted from the gaseous to the liquid phase under atmospheric pressure after cooling to -162°C and subsequent removal of the heat of condensation. This entails the reduction of the volume to six hundredths of the value given at 1.013 bar and 15 °C. Therefore, liquefied natural gas can be attractively stored and transported over long distances. The costly and value-generating process chain that can be carried out ranges from transport and processing, through liquefaction, storage, long-distance transport with tankers, again storage in large warehouses and again transport. to user.

Completion consists of regasification, which in the area of large deposits occurs in so-called terminals, or at the location of the user in so-called satellite installations.

The heat that must be supplied at a low temperature level during LNG regasification has a high exergetic potential that can be used as cooling power, but remains almost completely unused worldwide.

The heat required for regasification at satellite facilities that store relatively small amounts of LNG is obtained from ambient air, and large terminals use seawater as a heat source, often even adding energy-wasting natural gas combustion as support, with the help of submerged burners. Two reasons should be mentioned for this state of the art which does not take into account the potential for cold.

First: in view of the enormous fuel energy available with LNG, the additionally available cooling capacity, whose energy scope is clearly smaller, is not taken into account. However, this relativization is negligible, because seen in absolute terms it is evident that there is a great demand worldwide for high-quality cooling capacity, whose current generation, which is carried out with the help of electrical energy with an environmental and resource impact, can be replaced with clearly lower costs.

Second: a decoupling of cooling capacity, which in LNG regasification starts from a temperature level of -162 °C, places high demands on the cold carrier, which, on the one hand, must transmit high cooling capacities generally over long distances and , on the other hand, must resist low temperatures without passing from the liquid to the solid physical state.

Overcoming these restrictions is the objective of the present invention, which, using detailed available solutions, relates to a cold supply installation that, together with the regasification of a large LNG terminal, provides high-capacity refrigeration capacity in an innovative way. quality, with energy savings, cost savings and security of supply.

The danger that in large terminal LNG regasification devices, the flow of heat-emitting substance cools to solidification in contact with LNG, has led to the use of an intermediate means, i.e. a so-called "gas vaporizer". intermediate fluid type" in which the heat is initially transferred as a cascade to a fluid which, on the one hand, is adjusted to a lower temperature than the heat source and, on the other hand, is far removed from the formation of a solid phase on cooling to near the temperature of LNG.

This is the state of the art that is documented in numerous patent publications, for example in the document EP0048316A "Verfahren und Anlage zur Rückverdampfung von flüssigem Erdgas" and in the document US6367429 "Intermediate fluid type vaporizer", the recommended intermediate being the propane, which in natural circulation transmits the regasification heat. In all published inventions, the represented art refers to a development over 40 years old and published under US4170115A "Apparatus and process for vaporizing liquefied natural gas".

In addition, all the publications have in common that they are limited to regasification using seawater as a heat source, while the possible use of the available cooling capacity is not taken into account. An exception, namely an effective solution for cold recovery in the regasification of cryogenic liquids, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied nitrogen (NL2) or liquefied oxygen (OL2), is indicated in the model of German utility DE202015008836 and at the same time in the publication for German patent application information "Verfahren und Warmeaustauscher zur Rückgewinnung von Kalte bei der Regasifizierung tiefkalter Füssigkeiten". However, it refers only to low powers of up to 100 kW, such as those available, for example, in satellite installations. It is proposed to transfer the cold from the cryogenic liquid first to an intermediate medium, namely propane, and then from this to a liquid cold carrier. The cold carrier used remains without phase change down to a temperature level of -60 °C. Therefore, it can be safely pumped. Heat transfer is carried out by evaporation and condensation without the use of a pump in natural circulation in a heat exchanger with special construction features.

The temperature of the proposed intermediate medium, propane, can be freely selected in the range of -20 °C to -100 °C through the conception of the heat transfer and the temperature differences that drive it. The heat exchanger has the following technical characteristics:

- the use of a vertically oriented container, made up of a cylinder with an upper and a lower convex bottom, which is entirely lined with insulation,

- the arrangement of a tube helix in the area of the upper crowned bottom and a spiral tube in the area of the lower crowned bottom, maintaining a distance between the tube helices,

- filling the hermetically sealed container with the intermediate medium encapsulated in this way for the purpose of heat transport within the container with a filling level between the upper spiral tube and the lower spiral tube, the lower spiral tube being flooded , in any operating state, with a liquid intermediate medium in a boiling state, while the upper spiral tube is enveloped in saturated vapor which during operation condenses in the spiral tube giving off heat,

- Carrying out heat transport from the condensing intermediate medium to the cryogenic liquid to be regasified, by means of its inlet and outlet flow through the upper spiral tube,

- realization of heat transport from the cold carrier to be cooled to the liquid intermediate medium by the inflow and outflow of the cold carrier through the lower spiral tube.

With regard to the objective on which the present invention is based, namely, to recover the cooling capacity available in large terminals, the heat transfer technology conceived for small systems with cooling capacities below 100 kW and the costly cold carrier are unsatisfactory. employee that is not suitable for cold supply with large transfer capacities and over long transfer paths.

The state of the art described above must be considered as relevant to the objective of the invention, namely, the economic and energy-saving provision of large cooling capacities from the LNG regasification device of large liquefied natural gas terminals. with a high security of supply.

Objective set

The objective according to the invention consists in the development of apparatus characteristics with respect to an installation for the safe supply of cold to both nearby and distant demand points, which is coupled to the LNG regasification device of a large terminal that, for example , imports LNG, and in this way economically replaces the generation of cold needed otherwise, which consumes electrical energy, wasting resources and burdening the environment.

Solution of the stated objective

The solution of the proposed objective is indicated in claim 1.

The dependent claims contain expedient embodiments.

The objective of the invention is to dissipate the heat required in LNG terminals for the regasification of LNG from available cold demand points and, in this way, use it as valuable cooling power. The prerequisite for this is the solution to two important problems.

In the first place, large cooling capacities, for example 1 MW, must be transported with security of supply and economically to nearby, distant and highly branched cold demand points.

Secondly, the low temperature level of LNG, which can be as low as -162 °C, places high demands on the cold toughness of the materials, domination of large temperature differences local and temporary in the components of installations and the fluidity of the heat transfer fluid that serves as a carrier of cold and that, however, taking into account the demand for cold practically attributable to an LNG terminal, for example, that of a cold room, should be set at a temperature not lower than -50 °C.

According to the invention, it is proposed to use CO ² as a carrier of cold, in particular, with regard to its cooling by emission of heat to LNG and its absorption of heat at the point of demand for cold, exclusively in the state of a subcooled liquid. Compared to hitherto known CO ² applications, which are operated with phase changes, this has the advantage of much easier realization of long cold carrier transport routes and thus also the advantage of a most economical installation technique.

The minimum admissible temperature of the CO ² cold carrier carried in a closed circuit is fixed, given its triple point coordinates 5.19 bar and -56.6 °C, at -50 °C, which, on the one hand, provides sufficient security against the formation of a solid phase, and on the other hand, offers a sufficiently low temperature level with respect to the supply of cold. The necessary observance of this temperature value is ensured by redundant plant engineering and control engineering measures.

Liquid CO ² , for example in the state of -50 °C and 10.0 bar, has very good substance values with regard to density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and viscosity, so that heat transfers result correspondingly effective and the circulation in the cold carrier circuit only requires a low pump power. Other important advantages of CO ² are: it is chemically inactive, non-corrosive, non-combustible and, in general, environmentally friendly. This justifies that the supply of cold coupled to the regasification device of the LNG terminal can provide cold much more economically than the conventional electrically driven compression refrigeration machine.

According to the invention, various measures are proposed to ensure a faultless supply of cold that complies with the predefined operating data.

To avoid the risk that the CO ² passes into the solid phase and is no longer pumpable, the use of the intermediate medium propane is mainly used, which in a closed circuit by natural circulation at a safe medium temperature level in an intermediate medium evaporator, absorbs heat from the cold carrier, in order to then transmit it to LNG in an intermediate medium condenser. To do this, two horizontally aligned tube bundle heat exchangers are used, superimposed, suitable for low temperatures, in whose tubes the cold carrier emits its heat or the LNG absorbs the heat, and between which, to ensure natural circulation , the phases in equilibrium, propane as saturated vapor and propane in the boiling state, are separated and transported in generously sized pipes with minimal pressure losses. To keep the temperature in the boiling and condensing propane constant at a safe medium level, pressure monitoring of the intermediate medium is used. Its pressure is regulated, with the help of a computer-aided installation control and with an LNG butterfly valve, which as an adjusting element determines the LNG flow and thus the heat transfer in the intermediate medium condenser , at the theoretical value of 0.611 bar, which according to the propane vapor pressure curve correlates with the temperature of

-55°C

The fact that the cold carrier is cooled as much as possible by heat transfer to the intermediate medium, but not below the minimum permissible value of -50 °C, is additionally achieved by the control technology, namely by variously redundant, by recording the temperature at the point of maximum cooling, that is, at the outlet of the intermediate medium evaporator. Here too, the regulation is carried out with the help of the installation control and the LNG throttle valve, which, as an adjustment element, determines the LNG flow rate and therefore the cooling of the cold carrier, resulting from the heat transfer to LNG.

Intermediate medium pressure detection also serves to protect against a possible leak in the cold carrier heat transfer system / intermediate medium evaporator / propane connection pipes - intermediate medium condenser / LNG. With the components pressure monitoring, computer-assisted installation control and LNG butterfly valve, a technical safety device is available that detects a possible leak from the pipes that transport LNG or CO ² to the spaces that contain the medium. intermediate propane, specifically, to the jacket spaces of the two tube bundle heat exchangers and to the propane connection lines.

As a countermeasure, the LNG supply and the operation of the cold carrier pump are interrupted. Finally, an additional function of pressure monitoring is to identify from the degree of the pressure increase determined whether the leak refers to incoming LNG, which is generally pumped at the high pressure, usually supercritical, required for the use of natural gas before from regasification, or to incoming CO ² , whose pressure is significantly lower despite the state of a subcooled liquid.

Finally, another pressure monitoring refers to the typically high pressure level of CO ² in the complete cold carrier circuit, which has to be explained first.

The subcooled CO ² is circulated by means of a cold carrier pump in a closed circuit, made up of well-insulated pipes, cooling in the intermediate medium evaporator down to -50 °C, emitting heat to the intermediate medium, then it arrives in subcooled state up to the cold demand point, remote if necessary, to be supplied, to be heated here by heat absorption, which corresponds to the cooling capacity, until close to the boiling state and then be conducted to a cold carrier collector and separator. In this collector and separator, the phase equilibrium between the cold carrier condensate and the cold carrier saturated vapor is finally reached, for example at -40 °C and 10.0 bar.

The cold carrier condensate then flows as a return flow, through a suitable inlet height that prevents cavitation, to the cold carrier pump that transports it to the intermediate medium evaporator, where the heat is absorbed by the intermediate medium that evaporates here, which in the natural circulation reaches the intermediate medium condenser and condenses there, transferring the heat to the LNG that has to be regasified.

For the purpose of pressure monitoring, above the cold carrier manifold and separator, using it as a coupling, a conventional compression refrigeration machine is connected as a replacement refrigeration unit to the described cold carrier system. The connection results from a natural circulation in which, in free convection, from the cold carrier collector and separator, the incoming cold carrier saturated vapor is condensed in the evaporator, realized in the usual way as a surface heat exchanger , of the compression refrigeration machine, and flows back in liquid form, specifically through connection pipes that are rheologically made in such a way that no circulation pump is needed. With the help of the refrigeration capacity of the replacement refrigeration installation, a double effect is achieved. On the one hand, the resulting cold carrier saturated vapor can be reliquefied and stored in the cold carrier collector and, on the other hand, the pressure in the cold carrier circuit can be reduced. The replacement refrigeration machine, the pressure detection in the cold carrier manifold and separator, the computer-aided control of the installation, the switchable cold carrier pump and the LNG butterfly valve form a safety system that prevents, in case of a possible interruption of the flow of ^g N ^l and/or in case of a heat supply that exceeds the limits foreseen at the cold demand point, the pressure in the cold carrier circuit increases above of a defined limit, for example 25 bar, the steam pressure of water at -12 °C, and therefore a safety valve must be activated.

Realization example

The installation according to the invention with its technical characteristics of the installation and of the apparatus is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing, FIG. 1. The drawing shows an example of the embodiment of the installation.

The cold supply installation coupled to the regasification device of an LNG terminal uses the heat necessary for the regasification of LNG as cooling power. This is transferred to the cold demand point (2), remote if necessary, with the aid of a cold carrier (1) which is circulated by a cold carrier pump (7) in a closed circuit, consisting of by pipes (8) well insulated. The cold carrier (1) is liquid CO ² that is cooled in the tubes of a tube bundle heat exchanger, the so-called intermediate medium evaporator (4) to the minimum allowable value of -50 °C, and then, It arrives in the subcooled state at the cold demand point (2) that has to be supplied, to heat up there by heat absorption, which corresponds to the cooling capacity, until close to the boiling state.

The next station in the circuit is the cold carrier collector and separator (9), where phase equilibrium is finally achieved between the cold carrier condensate (10) and the cold carrier saturated vapor (11). , which determines the pressure in the circuit system. The cold carrier condensate (10) then flows through a suitable cavitation-preventing inlet height of the cold carrier pump (7), which transports it as a return flow to the intermediate medium evaporator (4 ).

In the intermediate medium evaporator (4), the heat given off to the cold carrier (1) flowing in the tubes is absorbed from the intermediate medium (12) propane, which is boiling in the jacket space. The evaporated intermediate medium (12) then leaves the upper zone of the jacket space of the intermediate medium evaporator (4), through an intermediate medium saturated vapor conduit (13) and reaches the upper zone of the jacket space of an additional tube bundle heat exchanger, the so-called intermediate medium condenser (5), which is arranged above the intermediate medium evaporator (4) and is oriented horizontally like this.

The intermediate medium that condenses in the jacket space of the intermediate medium condenser (5) finally supplies the heat that is required for the regasification of the LNG that runs through the pipes, and then flows from the lower zone of the jacket space of the intermediate medium condenser (5), through the intermediate medium condensate line (14), down to the lower part of the jacket space of the intermediate medium evaporator (4). The heat transport, carried out with the intermediate medium (12), from the cold carrier (1) to the LNG, is carried out in natural circulation, that is, in free convection without a circulation pump, and at a safe average temperature level that excludes the danger of solidification of the cold carrier (1). The natural circulation of the environment intermediate (12) propane, which is evaporated and condensed, between the two tube bundle heat exchangers, the intermediate medium evaporator (4) and the intermediate medium condenser (5) is achieved through the saturated steam line of intermediate medium (13), generously dimensioned, with minimal pressure losses, and the intermediate medium condensate line (14) that transport the saturated steam and condensate phases separately and, additionally, if necessary , also in several parallel ducts.

The cold supply installation depicted in Figure 1 contains several measures to ensure a faultless cold supply, which complies with the predefined operating data.

In order to maintain the temperature of the intermediate medium (12) propane, which is evaporated and condensed, at a safe medium level, pressure regulation and monitoring are used in the intermediate medium evaporator (4) and in the intermediate medium condenser (5). intermediate medium (17).

The measured pressure of the intermediate medium (12), which is in phase equilibrium, is regulated with the help of a computer-assisted installation control (20) and an LNG butterfly valve (16) which, as an adjusting element , determines the LNG flow rate (3) and, therefore, the heat transfer in the intermediate medium condenser (5), at a theoretical value, for example 0.611 bar, which according to the propane vapor pressure curve, correlates with the temperature of -55 °C.

The fact that, by heat transfer to the intermediate medium (12), the cold carrier (1) is cooled as much as possible, but not below the minimum permissible value of -50 °C, is additionally achieved in various ways redundant with cold carrier outlet temperature regulation (15). The temperature of the cold carrier (1) is measured at the point of maximum cooling, ie at the outlet of the intermediate medium evaporator (4). Here too, the regulation is carried out with the help of the installation control (20) and the LNG butterfly valve (16), which, as an adjustment element, determines the LNG flow rate (3) and thus the cooling of the cold carrier (1) resulting from the transfer of heat to LNG.

The detection of the pressure of the intermediate medium (12) also serves as protection against a possible leak in the heat transfer system heat carrier / intermediate medium evaporator / propane connection pipes / intermediate medium condenser / LNG. With the intermediate medium pressure regulation and monitoring components (17), computer-assisted installation control (20) and LNG butterfly valve (16), a technical safety device is available that detects a possible leak from the pipes that transport g Nl or CO ² to the spaces containing the intermediate medium (12) propane, specifically, to the jacket spaces of the two tube bundle heat exchangers, to the intermediate medium evaporator (4) and to the condenser of intermediate medium (5), as well as to the propane connection pipes, to the intermediate medium saturated steam pipe line (13) and to the intermediate medium condensate pipe (14). As a countermeasure, the supply of LNG at the LNG inlet (3) and the operation of the cold carrier pump (7) are interrupted.

Based on the degree of pressure increase detected, it can also be identified whether the leak refers to incoming LNG, which is usually, before regasification, pumped to the high pressure, generally supercritical, required for the use of natural gas, or to CO ² inlet, the pressure of which is noticeably lower despite the state of a subcooled liquid.

Finally, an additional pressure monitoring refers to the typically high pressure level of CO ² in the entire cold carrier circuit. For this purpose, above the cold carrier manifold and separator (9), using this as a coupling and thus integrated into the cold carrier system, a conventional compression refrigeration machine (VKM) is arranged as an installation. replacement refrigerator (6). A natural circulation results, in which the saturated cold carrier vapor flowing in free convection is condensed in the evaporator of the compression refrigeration machine (VKM) via a cold carrier saturated vapor line (18). , made as a surface heat exchanger, and then, it is redirected in liquid state, through the cold carrier condensate conduit (19), specifically, in connection conduits that are rheologically made in such a way that it is not required no circulation pump. With the help of the refrigeration capacity of the replacement refrigeration installation (6), a double effect is produced. On the one hand, the originated cold carrier saturated vapor (10) can be re-liquefied and stored in the cold carrier collector and separator (9); on the other hand, the pressure in the cold carrier circuit can be reduced. The replacement refrigeration system (6), the cold carrier separator pressure regulation (21), the computer-aided system control (20), the cold carrier pump (7) that can be switched off, and the throttle valve LNG (16) form a safety system that prevents, in the event of a possible interruption in the flow of LNG (3) and/or in the event of a heat supply that exceeds the limits foreseen at the cold demand point (2 ), the pressure in the cold carrier circuit increases beyond a defined limit, eg 25 bar, steam pressure at -12 °C, and a safety valve must therefore be actuated.

List of reference signs

1 Subcooled cold carrier liquid, cold carrier

2 Cold demand point

3 LNG inlet, LNG flow

4 Intermediate medium evaporator

5 Intermediate condenser

6 Replacement refrigeration installation

7 Cold carrier pump

8 Insulated pipe

9 Collector and cold carrier separator

10 Cold carrier condensate

11 Cold carrier saturated steam

12 Middle Intermediate

13 Intermediate medium saturated steam pipe

14 Intermediate medium condensate pipe

15 Cold carrier outlet temperature regulation 16 LNG butterfly valve

17 Intermediate medium pressure regulation and monitoring 18 Cold carrier saturated steam duct

19 Cold carrier condensate pipe

20 Computer Aided Installation Control

21 Pressure regulation of the cold carrier separator VKM Compression refrigeration machine.

Claims (7)

1. Cold supply installation, which can be coupled to the regasification device of a liquefied natural gas terminal, to take advantage of the high-value refrigeration capacity available there at a low temperature level during LNG regasification, characterized in that, among an LNG inlet (3) and a cold demand point (2), the following functionally essential components are arranged that are in active union with each other, namely, an intermediate medium condenser (5), an intermediate medium evaporator (4), a cold carrier collector and separator (9) for cold carrier condensate (10) and cold carrier saturated steam (11), a replacement refrigeration plant (6), a cold carrier pump (7), an LNG butterfly valve (16) and a computer-assisted installation control (20), which, using propane as intermediate medium (12), act together in such a way that the cold carrier liquid ( 1) subcooled pu It can be circulated, by means of the cold carrier pump (7), in a closed circuit, made up of well-insulated pipes (8), cooling in the intermediate medium evaporator (4) to -50 °C, emitting heat to the intermediate medium (12) then arrives in a subcooled state at the cold demand point (2), if necessary further away, to be supplied, to be heated here by heat absorption, which corresponds to the cooling capacity, until close to the boiling state, and then able to be led to a cold carrier collector and separator (9), where phase equilibrium between cold carrier condensate (10) and steam is finally reached saturated with cold carrier (11), the cold carrier condensate (10) being returned as a return flow to the intermediate medium evaporator (4), in which the heat is absorbed by the intermediate medium (12) which evaporates here, which in natural circulation then reaches the condenser of medi or intermediate (5) and there it is condensed, transferring the heat to the LNG that has to be regasified, because in addition, security of supply is achieved, specifically, with the help of the regulation technique that prevents the temperature from exceeding by default. minimum permissible temperature of the cold carrier, and additionally with the help of the replacement cold installation (6) coupled to the cold carrier manifold and separator (9), which prevents an inadmissible increase in pressure in the cold carrier circuit, caused by the interruption of the LNG flow (3) and/or by the supply of heat at the cold demand point (2), which exceeds the established limits. 2. Cold supply installation according to claim 1, characterized in that CO ² is used as cold carrier (1), specifically, in such a way that it transports the cooling power without phase change, in liquid and subcooled state, to the cold demand point (2) that has to be supplied, even long distances being able to be economically bridged, while the risk of solidification of CO ² , whose triple point has the coordinates of 5.19 bar and -56.6 °C , is mastered with the limitation of the cooling to the minimum value of -50 °C, which is carried out by means of the computer-aided installation control (20), which uses the LNG butterfly valve (16) as an adjustment element and the temperature of the cold carrier, detected by means of the temperature regulation (15), at the outlet of the intermediate medium evaporator (4), where it reaches its lowest value, as regulation magnitude. 3. Cold supply installation according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that, to avoid the risk of solidification of the cold carrier (1), the heat transfer is carried out with the help of the intermediate medium (12) propane which, in natural circulation without a circulation pump, absorbs the heat flow emitted by the cold carrier (1), initially at a safe medium temperature level, to later transfer it to the LNG, which is achieved because an intermediate medium condenser (5) is arranged above an intermediate medium evaporator (4) and because both are horizontally oriented tube bundle heat exchangers, suitable for the low temperatures that have to be mastered, in particular, the intermediate medium evaporator (4) which conducts the cold carrier (1) in the tubes, while the intermediate medium (12) is boiling in the jacket space, and the intermediate medium condenser (5) conducts the LNG in the tubes, while the medi or intermediate (12) condenses in the jacket space, transporting the gaseous and liquid phases being carried out, to guarantee natural circulation, separately and in generously sized ducts with minimal pressure losses, specifically, in the intermediate medium saturated steam pipe (13) and in the intermediate medium condensate pipe (14) respectively in one or several parallel pipes that lead the steam from the upper zone of the jacket space of the intermediate medium evaporator (4) to the upper zone of the intermediate medium condenser jacket space (5), and the condensate, through at least one intermediate medium condensate conduit (14), from the lower zone of the intermediate medium condenser jacket space ( 5) to the lower zone of the jacket space of the intermediate medium evaporator (4). Cold supply installation according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by means of an intermediate medium pressure regulation and monitoring (17) in the intermediate medium (12) propane, an installation control (20 ) computer-assisted and an LNG butterfly valve (16) it is rheologically guaranteed in a variously redundant manner that the cold carrier (1), namely CO ² , has been cooled in the intermediate medium evaporator (4) as much as possible possible, but not below -50 °C and, therefore, does not change to the solid phase, the propane pressure being used as the regulation magnitude, as the theoretical value of which the minimum admissible value of the boiling propane is defined and phase equilibrium condensation of 0.611 bar, which, according to the propane vapor pressure curve, correlates with the temperature of -55 °C, the extent of which depends on the heat transfer to the LNG, that is, the flow rate of this what p It can be adjusted with the LNG butterfly valve (16). Cold supply installation according to at least one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that a safety technology device for monitoring and regulating the pressure of the intermediate medium (12) is arranged, consisting of the components regulating and monitoring the medium (17), computer-assisted installation control (20) and LNG butterfly valve (16), so that a possible leak can be detected from the tubes that transport LNG or CO ² to the space containing the intermediate medium (12), and as a countermeasure the LNG supply and the operation of the cold carrier pump (7) can be interrupted, and by the degree of the detected pressure increase it can be further identified whether the leak refers to incoming LNG which, usually, before regasification was pumped to the necessary, generally supercritical high pressure, or to incoming CO ² , whose pressure is considerably lower despite the state of u n subcooled liquid. Cold supply installation according to claim 1, characterized in that a conventional compression refrigeration machine (VKM) is arranged as a replacement refrigeration installation (6) above the cold carrier collector and separator (9) and, using it as coupling, is integrated into the heat carrier system, and the cold carrier saturated vapor (11) flowing in free convection in natural circulation through the cold carrier saturated vapor duct (18) is condensed in the evaporator of the compression refrigeration machine (VKM), realized in the usual way as a surface heat exchanger, and then flows back through the cold carrier condensate pipe (19), so that with the help of the refrigeration capacity of the replacement refrigeration installation (6), a double effect can be achieved, specifically, on the one hand, the cold carrier saturated steam (10) generated in this way can be reliquefied and stored in the cold carrier collector and separator (9), and on the other hand, the pressure in the cold carrier circuit can be reduced, which with the help of the safety technique device constituted by the refrigeration installation (6), the cold carrier separator pressure regulation (21), the computer-aided installation control (20), the LNG butterfly valve (16), and the cold carrier pump (7) It can be disconnected to avoid, in the event of a possible interruption of the LNG flow (3) and in the event of a heat supply that exceeds the limits foreseen at the cold demand point (2), the inadmissible pressure increase of the cold carrier . Cold supply installation according to at least one of the aforementioned claims, characterized in that the cold demand point (2) is arranged outside the other components of the installation.