ES2819275B2 - COMPOSITION FOR SINGLE-LAYER MORTAR THAT PURIFIES CARBON DIOXIDE GASES, AND OTHER GASEOUS CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS - Google Patents

Description

COMPOSITION FOR SINGLE-LAYER MORTAR THAT PURIFIES THE

CARBON DIOXIDE GASES, AND OTHER CHEMICALS

GASEOUS

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to obtain a monolayer mortar, specially formulated and able to adsorb, that is, attract and retain carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules and other gaseous chemical compounds such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) on its surface. ) anthropogenic existing in the atmosphere. That is to say, the industrialized single-layer mortar object of the present invention allows, with the elements that comprise it, and in their specific proportions, which will be conveniently described in the corresponding section, when mixed with water, kneading it and spreading it on the enclosure walls exterior, and obtain in a single work activity, the finishing of facades, allows to adsorb these harmful gases to reduce the greenhouse effect, and its harmful consequences on human health, in short, reduce the carbon footprint.

Thus, adsorption is a process by which atoms, ions or molecules are trapped or retained on the surface of a material, acting as a molecular sieve. Adsorption is a physical process of a solid substance or a liquid that attracts or retains, respectively, a liquid, a gas or vapor.

This composition allows, thanks to the incorporation of certain products, that there are a series of minerals with different characteristics that adsorb CO2 and other greenhouse gases, helping to reduce the impact derived from these gases. For this, use is made of a specific formulation that includes an additive with components that mineralize, adsorb CO2 and NOx, turning them into a chalky white powder. Until now there were other products that adsorbed CO2 and converted it into hydrotalcite (Formula: CH24O23Mg6Al2), but due to the incorporation of the aforementioned product and the KNOW -HOW of the manufacture of monolayer mortars the new mortar that is intended to be patented converts CO2 in calcites (CaCO3).

In addition, the single-layer mortar object of the present invention has other remarkable characteristics, such as that it allows a clean, resistant and durable coating, which does not require subsequent painting, although annual cleaning is recommended to eliminate calcites.

SCOPE

The field of application of the present invention is that of the mortar manufacturing industry, mainly intended for the realization of facades or large surfaces in contact with air with the final aim of reducing environmental pollution, as well as reducing gases. greenhouse effect.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Although it is not toxic, the presence of CO2 in the atmosphere affects the balance of climate conservation, affects climate change and increases natural disasters. Carbon dioxide is the gas that affects the environment in a high proportion and is responsible for 60% of greenhouse effects. Thus, carbon dioxide, or CO2, very common of natural origin that contains two atoms of oxygen and a linear molecule of carbon. Increased CO2 causes increased climate instability, resulting in major changes in weather patterns. The reduction of the aforementioned CO2 is one of the main objectives of the green agendas of all industrialized countries and of the much-mentioned Kyoto Protocol, the much-desired decarbonisation

For its part, nitrogen dioxide is the main pollutant within nitrogen oxides, and is formed as a by-product in all combustions carried out at high temperatures.

Thus, global warming is the long-term increase in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system.

The terms global warming and climate change are often used interchangeably, but more precisely global warming, which is the global increase in temperatures of the earth's surface, and its increase is predominantly caused by human activities (anthropic), while change Climate includes both global warming and its effects on the climate.

Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region, and around the globe. Anticipated effects include a rise in global temperatures, a rise in sea level, a change in rainfall patterns, and an expansion of subtropical deserts. The warming is expected to be greater on land than in the oceans, and the most accentuated in the Arctic, with the continued retreat of glaciers, permafrost and ice pack. Other likely effects include more frequent extreme weather events, such as heat waves, droughts, torrential rains, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification and species extinction due to changing temperature regimes. Its significant human impacts include the threat to food security from declining crop yields and loss of habitat due to flooding. Because the climate system has a great inertia and the high concentration of greenhouse gases will continue in the atmosphere for a long time the aforementioned problems and therefore the aforementioned gases, many of these effects will persist not only for decades or centuries, but also for a long time. tens of thousands of years.

Possible responses to global warming include mitigation by reducing emissions, adapting to its effects, building systems resilient to its impacts, and possible future climate engineering.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the inconveniences that have been raised in the previous paragraphs, that is, that the industrialized mortars applied in the cladding of facades, the composition of the single-layer mortar that purifies the gases mentioned above and more specifically the carbon dioxide has been devised. carbon, allowing the conversion of the referred harmful gases into calcites (CaCO3).

The main purpose of the composition object of the present invention is to mineralize or adsorb carbon dioxide CO2 and the different nitrogen oxides NOx with a single mineral composition to reduce their environmental impact, and reduce risks to human health.

Thus, the main materials that make up the aforementioned composition, object of the present invention, are preferably sedimentary and metamorphic rocks (iron, magnesium, calcium monoxide, titanium oxide, the latter used as a photocatalyst. These materials are mixed in the manufacture of paints, dyes and rubber / rubber materials between a percentage of 0.5% to 15% by weight and with a particle diameter between 100 nm and 4000 gm, for example measured by filtration with laboratory sieves. apply to walls, floors, road markings, etc.

Thus, the composition object of the present invention, once it is applied to the various materials referred to above, comes into contact with carbon oxides and nitrogen oxides, a carbonation and nitrification process begins by which it adsorbs and transforms CO2 and NOx . The composition is rich in Mg (between 1 and 25% by weight), Fe (between 1 and 23%), CaO (between 1 and 25%), TiO2 (between 0, 1 and 11 %) and SiO2 (between 16 and 75%) make the natural process of adsorption and transformation of CO2. Titanium (IV) oxide (TiO2) is a photocatalyst that uses sunlight or artificial light to adsorb harmful nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2) and transform them into harmless nitrates (NO O2- A NO3-, NO2 OH A H + NO3- ).

The reaction between our composition and CO2 can be simplified as two processes that take place at the same time: Mg / Fe / CaO / TiO2 4 CO2 A MgCO3, FeCO3, CaCO3, TiO2 (conversion into powder of magnetite, siderite, limestone and dioxide titanium (IV)) which acts as a catalyst in the presence of light for the nitrification of NOx and Si (O2) to SiO2 (conversion of equivalent cristobalite to quartz). The first is the production of carbonate minerals, which sequester CO2. The second is the conversion of cristobalite to quartz.

The durability of our composition depends on the area in which the product is exposed, that is, as long as there are minerals in the applied product there will be carbonation and nitrification.

Thus, the composition for monolayer mortar that purifies carbon dioxide gases and other gaseous chemical compounds, consists of the following formulation:

Aggregates in different granulometries 65% -82.5%

Portland cement 52.5 7% -15%

Additives:

-cellulose ethers 1% -2%

-calcium formate 0.5% -2%

-Magnesium stearate 0.5% -1%

-perlite 1% -2%

-fibers 0.5% -2%

-redispersible resins 0.5% -1%

-anti-cracking 0.2% -1%

-other mineralizing additives in

iron base, calcium monoxide, dioxide

titanium and silicon. 5% -10%.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention refers to a composition formed by preferably mineral compounds extracted and selected from igneous rocks with the following mineral composition (Mg / Fe / CaO / TiO2) SiO2, which are used for the purification of CO2 and NOx from the atmosphere, allowing the capture and undoing of said harmful gases, in order to reduce the increase in the greenhouse effect and its consequences on health, turning said gases into a chalky white powder.

Thus, the described monolayer mortar, which houses the composition object of the present invention, is carried out in the following way: first, the said composition is mixed with 22% water until a homogeneous mixture is obtained. Subsequently, you must wait a few minutes before applying. Mixing can be manual or mechanical in nature. Afterwards, the mortar is applied on the support by means of a steel trowel or a spraying machine in a minimum thickness of 8 to 10 mm. The scraping process will be carried out using a saw tooth scraper. The time elapsed from the application to the moment of scraping should be 4 to 6 hours, this time varying depending on the weather conditions. To achieve a uniform color, all areas must be scraped at the same stage of preparation or hardness.

Claims (1)

1- COMPOSITION FOR SINGLE-LAYER MORTAR THAT PURIFIES CARBON DIOXIDE GASES AND OTHER GASEOUS CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS, according to claim 1, consisting of the following formulation: Aggregates in different granulometries 65% -82.5% Portland cement 52.5 7% -15% Additives: -cellulose ethers 1% -2% -calcium formate 0.5% -2% -Magnesium stearate 0.5% -1% -perlite 1% -2% -fibers 0.5% -2% -redispersible resins 0.5% -1% -anti-cracking 0.2% -1% -other mineralizing additives in iron base, calcium monoxide, dioxide titanium and silicon. 5% -10%.