ES2790498A1 - RECYCLING PROCEDURE FOR ARTIFICIAL LAWN AND RECYCLED ARTIFICIAL LAWN PRODUCT (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
RECYCLING PROCEDURE FOR ARTIFICIAL LAWN AND RECYCLED ARTIFICIAL LAWN PRODUCT (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2790498A1 ES2790498A1 ES202030741A ES202030741A ES2790498A1 ES 2790498 A1 ES2790498 A1 ES 2790498A1 ES 202030741 A ES202030741 A ES 202030741A ES 202030741 A ES202030741 A ES 202030741A ES 2790498 A1 ES2790498 A1 ES 2790498A1
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- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- artificial grass
- plastic
- pellets
- procedure
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
- B29B17/0036—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting of large particles, e.g. beads, granules, pellets, flakes, slices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/08—Making granules by agglomerating smaller particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
Description
DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
PROCEDIMIENTO DE RECICLAJE DE CÉSPED ARTIFICIAL YRECYCLING PROCEDURE FOR ARTIFICIAL GRASS AND
PRODUCTO DE CÉSPED ARTIFICIAL RECICLADORECYCLED ARTIFICIAL LAWN PRODUCT
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La invención, tal como expresa el enunciado de la presente memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un procedimiento de reciclaje de césped artificial y a un producto de césped artificial reciclado, aportando ventajas y características que se describen en detalle más adelante.The invention, as expressed in the wording of the present specification, refers to an artificial grass recycling process and a recycled artificial grass product, providing advantages and characteristics that are described in detail below.
El objeto de la presente invención recae en un procedimiento que, comprendiendo esencialmente el tamizado del césped artificial para descartar la arena y el caucho SBR que suele contener y separar la parte plástica del césped consistente, mayoritariamente, en fibras de PE (polietileno) y fibras de PP (polipropileno) en menor proporción, su triturado y la conformación de pellets, supone la ventaja de permitir reaprovechar dichos materiales plásticos que componen el césped artificial que se utiliza en campos de futbol u otras instalaciones similares tras finalizar su vida útil, consiguiendo un producto de césped artificial reciclado, en forma de pellets, que con una composición a base de PE y PP, resulta especialmente apto para ser utilizado en la industria del plástico en un segundo uso, preferentemente mediante técnicas de termocompresión o de extrusión, para la formación de objetos de formas diversas.The object of the present invention lies in a procedure that, essentially comprising the sieving of the artificial grass to discard the sand and the SBR rubber that usually contains and separate the plastic part of the grass consisting, mainly, of PE fibers (polyethylene) and fibers. of PP (polypropylene) to a lesser extent, its crushing and the formation of pellets, has the advantage of allowing reuse of said plastic materials that make up the artificial grass used in soccer fields or other similar facilities after the end of its useful life, achieving a Recycled artificial grass product, in the form of pellets, which with a composition based on PE and PP, is especially suitable to be used in the plastics industry in a second use, preferably by means of thermocompression or extrusion techniques, for the formation of objects of various shapes.
CAMPO DE APLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNFIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION
El campo de aplicación de la presente invención se enmarca dentro del sector de la industria dedicada al reciclaje de residuos, centrándose particularmente en el ámbito del reciclaje de césped artificial.The field of application of the present invention is framed within the sector of the industry dedicated to the recycling of waste, focusing particularly in the field of artificial grass recycling.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Como es sabido, en España y otros muchos países, existen multitud de campos de fútbol y terrenos deportivos cubiertos con césped artificial, los cuales, pasado el tiempo de su vida útil, que se encuentra entre los 8 y 12 años, se convertirán en millones de metros cúbicos de potenciales residuos que, dado que no sirve para volver a reinstalarse en ninguna otra ubicación pueden acabar en vertederos, incineradoras o, lo que es peor, almacenados de cualquier manera en solares indiscriminados sin ningún tipo de control.As is known, in Spain and many other countries, there are many football fields and sports fields covered with artificial turf, which, after their useful life, which is between 8 and 12 years, will become millions cubic meters of potential waste that, since it is not suitable for re-installation in any other location, can end up in landfills, incinerators or, what is worse, stored in any way in indiscriminate sites without any type of control.
El objetivo de la presente invención es, pues, proporcionar una solución práctica a esta problemática mediante el desarrollo de un procedimiento que permita reciclar los materiales que componen dicho césped y convertirlo en un producto útil para su reutilización en la industria.The objective of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a practical solution to this problem by developing a process that allows recycling the materials that make up said grass and converting it into a useful product for reuse in industry.
De esta manera, se pretende cerrar el círculo de vida útil del césped, dotando de un proceso de economía circular a un sector que, actualmente, no tiene solucionado el tema de la gran cantidad de residuos que genera y que afecta muy directamente y a todos los niveles a la administración pública, ya que la mayoría de instalaciones en que se utiliza dicho tipo de césped son de carácter municipal.In this way, it is intended to close the circle of useful life of the lawn, providing a circular economy process to a sector that, currently, has not solved the issue of the large amount of waste it generates and that affects very directly and all levels to the public administration, since most of the facilities in which this type of lawn is used are municipal in nature.
Por otra parte, y como referencia al estado actual de la técnica cabe señalar que, al menos por parte de la solicitante, se desconoce la existencia de ningún otro procedimiento de reciclaje de césped artificial ni de ningún otro producto reciclado de césped artificial, que presenten unas características técnicas y estructurales iguales o semejantes a las que presentan el procedimiento y el producto que aquí se reivindican. On the other hand, and as a reference to the current state of the art, it should be noted that, at least on the part of the applicant, the existence of any other artificial grass recycling procedure or any other artificial grass recycled product, which present technical and structural characteristics equal or similar to those presented by the process and product claimed herein.
EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNEXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
El procedimiento de reciclaje de césped artificial y producto reciclado de césped artificial que la invención propone se configuran como la solución idónea al objetivo anteriormente señalado, estando los detalles caracterizadores que lo hacen posible y que la distinguen convenientemente recogidos en las reivindicaciones finales que acompañan a la presente descripción.The artificial grass recycling process and the artificial grass recycled product that the invention proposes are configured as the ideal solution to the aforementioned objective, the characterizing details that make it possible and that distinguish it conveniently included in the final claims that accompany the present description.
Concretamente, lo que la invención propone, como se ha apuntado anteriormente, es un procedimiento que tiene como finalidad reciclar, para su reaprovechamiento, al menos los componentes de materiales plásticos del césped artificial que imitan la hierba, es decir, las hebras o fibras hechas básicamente de polietileno, polipopileno y látex, sin que se descarte también, opcionalmente, un reaprovechamiento de los rellenos de arena y caucho que comprende el césped artificial tras finalizar su vida útil, particularmente el que se utiliza en campos de futbol u otras instalaciones similares, y que suponen un problema de almacenamiento para muchas instalaciones, consiguiendo un producto reciclado en forma de pellets apto para ser utilizado en la industria del plástico en un segundo uso como objetos de formas diversas.Specifically, what the invention proposes, as noted above, is a procedure that aims to recycle, for reuse, at least the components of plastic materials of artificial grass that imitate grass, that is, the strands or fibers made basically made of polyethylene, polypropylene and latex, without also ruling out, optionally, a reuse of the sand and rubber fillings that artificial grass comprises after the end of its useful life, particularly that used in soccer fields or other similar facilities, and that pose a storage problem for many facilities, achieving a recycled product in the form of pellets suitable for being used in the plastics industry in a second use as objects of various shapes.
Para ello dicho procedimiento, tras recopilar las mantas de césped artificial con nivel de desgaste tal que precisa de su retirada, comprende, esencialmente, las siguientes etapas:For this, said procedure, after collecting the artificial grass blankets with a level of wear such that they need to be removed, essentially comprises the following stages:
- En primer lugar, un tamizado del césped artificial para descartar la arena y el caucho SBR (caucho estireno butadieno, más conocido como caucho SBR de sus siglas en inglés, Styrene-Butadiene Rubber), y quedarse con la parte plástica del césped que, en su mayor parte, son fibras de PE (de color verde) y, en menor proporción, fibras de PP (de color negro), pudiendo existir también elementos o partículas negras de látex, cauchos y otros elastómeros.- First, a sieving of the artificial grass to discard sand and SBR rubber ( Styrene-Butadiene Rubber , better known as SBR rubber from its acronym in English, Styrene-Butadiene Rubber), and keep the plastic part of the grass that, For the most part, they are PE fibers (green in color) and, to a lesser extent proportion, PP fibers (black), and there may also be black elements or particles of latex, rubbers and other elastomers.
Dado que el césped artificial suele contener una gran cantidad de tierra y arena, se efectúa este tamizado. El contenido aproximado de tierra y SBR (estireno- butadieno), es del 50% en peso. Por esta razón, se considera necesario eliminar al máximo este tipo de impropios con la finalidad de mejorar la procesabilidad de los componentes plásticos del césped.Since artificial grass usually contains a large amount of soil and sand, this screening is done. The approximate content of soil and SBR (styrene-butadiene) is 50% by weight. For this reason, it is considered necessary to eliminate this type of improper as much as possible in order to improve the processability of the plastic components of the lawn.
- A continuación, se procede a la trituración de los elementos plásticos.- Next, the plastic elements are crushed.
Preferentemente, dicho triturado, se efectúa mediante un proceso que consiste en triturar el material plástico obtenido en el paso previo mecánicamente y hacerlo pasar por unas prensas ranuradas que, por el rozamiento que producen entre sí, provocan la fusión del material, de tal modo que, desde el centro de estas prensas y ya fundido, va pasando por unas ranuras existentes en los elementos metálicos de modo que va saliendo en forma de partículas y virutas que se depositan en un recipiente de enfriamiento mediante ventilación en seco.Preferably, said crushing is carried out by means of a process that consists of mechanically crushing the plastic material obtained in the previous step and making it pass through grooved presses that, due to the friction they produce between them, cause the material to melt, in such a way that From the center of these presses and already melted, it goes through some existing grooves in the metallic elements so that it comes out in the form of particles and chips that are deposited in a cooling container by means of dry ventilation.
- Finalmente, se procede al conformado de pellets como producto de césped artificial reciclado útil para la fabricación de otros objetos a partir de la mezcla de partículas y virutas de material plástico obtenido en la etapa anterior.- Finally, we proceed to the shaping of pellets as a recycled artificial grass product useful for the manufacture of other objects from the mixture of particles and chips of plastic material obtained in the previous stage.
Preferentemente, los pellets son obtenidos por extrusión de dicha mezcla de partículas y virutas de material plástico obtenido en la etapa anterior. Preferably, the pellets are obtained by extruding said mixture of particles and chips of plastic material obtained in the previous step.
Cabe destacar que, ventajosamente, en todo el proceso no se utiliza agua ni tampoco se vierte ningún residuo en las redes de saneamiento ni de ningún otro tipo. Por ello, se puede afirmar que se trata de un procedimiento que es del todo respetuoso con el medio ambiente, y no emite ningún lixiviado en el proceso.It should be noted that, advantageously, no water is used throughout the process, nor is any waste dumped in the sewage networks or of any other kind. Therefore, it can be said that it is a process that is completely respectful with the environment, and does not emit any leachate in the process.
Opcionalmente, sin embargo, previamente al triturado descrito, se puede efectuar una limpieza de las partes plásticas obtenidas tras el tamizado, preferentemente mediante sistemas mecánicos, tales como cepillado, sacudido para no usar agua, pero sin que se descarte el uso de la misma.Optionally, however, prior to the described grinding, the plastic parts obtained after sieving can be cleaned, preferably by mechanical systems, such as brushing, shaking so as not to use water, but without ruling out the use of it.
Asimismo, también de manera preferida, previamente al tamizado se procede al corte de la bobina de césped, preferentemente, mediante una muela de corte eléctrica, en que se segmenta la bobina en dimensiones cómodas para su manipulación.Likewise, also preferably, prior to screening, the grass coil is cut, preferably by means of an electric cutting wheel, in which the coil is segmented into dimensions that are convenient for handling.
Además, el procedimiento comprende, opcionalmente, otra etapa de troceado del césped previa al triturado mediante una máquina tronzadora industrial en que se obtienen trozos de césped artificial de 10 y 15 cm donde los componentes aún están unidos y tejidos. Esta etapa es preferible para lograr una trituración óptima y eficiente del material plástico.Furthermore, the method optionally comprises another stage of chopping the grass prior to shredding by means of an industrial cutting machine in which pieces of artificial grass of 10 and 15 cm are obtained where the components are still attached and woven. This stage is preferable to achieve optimum and efficient crushing of the plastic material.
Por otra parte, un segundo aspecto de la presente invención se refiere al producto de césped artificial reciclado que es obtenido con el procedimiento descrito, es decir los pellets de plástico que, con una composición que, básicamente, comprende partículas de color verde de PE y partículas negras de PP, así como opcionalmente otras partículas negras de látex, cauchos y otros elastómeros, resulta un producto especialmente apto para ser utilizado en la industria del plástico para la fabricación de objetos de formas diversas.On the other hand, a second aspect of the present invention refers to the recycled artificial grass product that is obtained with the described process, that is, the plastic pellets that, with a composition that basically comprises green colored particles of PE and black particles of PP, as well as optionally other black particles of latex, rubbers and other elastomers, it is a product especially suitable to be used in the plastics industry for the manufacture of objects of various shapes.
Para ello, dadas las características de la antedicha composición de los pellets y el rango de viscosidad que les otorga, preferentemente, se aplicarán técnicas de inyección, termo-compresión o extrusión, siendo esta última la opción preferida, ya que permitirá homogeneizar al máximo la mezcla y mejorar su procesabilidad obteniendo un material más uniforme y reduciendo el riesgo de obtener productos con alto contenido de infundidos o material degradado.To do this, given the characteristics of the aforementioned composition of the pellets and the viscosity range that gives them, preferably, injection, thermo-compression or extrusion techniques will be applied, the latter being the preferred option, since it will allow the maximum homogenization of the mixing and improving its processability obtaining a more uniform material and reducing the risk of obtaining products with a high content of infused or degraded material.
Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la presente invención, así como la manera de ponerla en práctica, no se considera necesario hacer más extensa su explicación para que cualquier experto en la materia comprenda su alcance y las ventajas que de ella se derivan. Having sufficiently described the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to make its explanation more extensive so that any expert in the field understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
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ES202030741A ES2790498B2 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | RECYCLING PROCEDURE FOR ARTIFICIAL GRASS AND RECYCLED ARTIFICIAL GRASS PRODUCT |
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ES202030741A ES2790498B2 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | RECYCLING PROCEDURE FOR ARTIFICIAL GRASS AND RECYCLED ARTIFICIAL GRASS PRODUCT |
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ES2790498A1 true ES2790498A1 (en) | 2020-10-27 |
ES2790498B2 ES2790498B2 (en) | 2023-02-20 |
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Citations (4)
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US20030075824A1 (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2003-04-24 | Moore Roy E. | Method for recycling carpet and articles made therefrom |
WO2010075098A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-07-01 | Textile Management Associates, Inc. | Method of recycling synthetic turf and infill product |
US8110131B1 (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2012-02-07 | Dell Orco Sergio | Carpet reclamation system |
CN105713230A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-06-29 | 四川大学 | Method for recycling waste artificial turf based on solid-phase mechanochemistry technology and material recycled by same |
-
2020
- 2020-07-16 ES ES202030741A patent/ES2790498B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030075824A1 (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2003-04-24 | Moore Roy E. | Method for recycling carpet and articles made therefrom |
US8110131B1 (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2012-02-07 | Dell Orco Sergio | Carpet reclamation system |
WO2010075098A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-07-01 | Textile Management Associates, Inc. | Method of recycling synthetic turf and infill product |
CN105713230A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-06-29 | 四川大学 | Method for recycling waste artificial turf based on solid-phase mechanochemistry technology and material recycled by same |
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