ES2737373A1 - APPARATUS FOR VERTICALLY ELEVATING AN OCTOGONAL PRISMATIC CORRUGATED CARDBOARD HOLLOWED WITH EIGHT SIDE FACE AND SMOOTH SIDES (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus (50) for vertically raising a drum (80) of hollow octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard equipped with a thin and smooth eight-sided body (85) separated by folds (82) parallel to the vertical direction (Z), closed at its bottom with a base (83) and open at its top The apparatus comprises (50) in use a support (1) with a coupling (2), four pressure members (41) and a suffering structure (6). The sufridera structure (6) comprises about four first side walls (51) flat and parallel to the vertical direction (Z), facing two to two, and defining an octagonal contour (C) of eight sides suitable for introduction by the part top of the drum (80). The octagonal contour (C) is configured so that, in use, each first lateral suffering wall (51) is facing and attached in use with a respective alternating face (81) of the extrados of the drum (80). Thus, by means of the apparatus (50) the drum (80) is raised without chamfering the sheets of corrugated paper that form an integral part of the corrugated cardboard, and without deforming the upper part of the drum (80). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

APPARATUS FOR VERTICALLY LIFTING A CARDBOARD DRUM

OCTOGONAL PRISMAT CORRUGATED HOLLOW GIVEN WITH EIGHT FACES

SLIM SIDES AND LISAS

SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE

The present invention concerns with an apparatus for vertically raising a hollow octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard drum, provided with eight thin and smooth side faces. The term "smooth faces" refers to the fact that said drum to be loaded has no profiles, projections, flanges, perforations or holes to allow it to be lifted. Thus, the lifting is carried out by friction. Said corrugated cardboard comprises at least one sheet of paper plain and a sheet of corrugated paper, adhered to each other.This type of corrugated cardboard is known as single-sided, so the double-sided corrugated cardboard, provided with two outer smooth sheets of paper between which is inserted at least one sheet of corrugated paper, triple-sided corrugated cardboard, etc.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The apparatus of the present invention is useful for lifting the drums described in documents ES2666269A1, P201731463, U201830796, U201830798, U201830802, and U201830797. Said drum is made of prismatic, octagonal and hollow corrugated cardboard. Said drum is provided with a body of eight thin and smooth faces separated by folds parallel to the vertical direction. The drum is closed in its lower part with a base attached to the extrados of the body, and is open in its upper part. Said eight faces define an intrados and an extrados of said drum.

Document US3264027A shows a tool with four hooks facing two to two and distributed around the outer side of a cylindrical wall. The tool manually lifts a substantially cylindrical, hollow, and thin-walled container with ridges. The tool comprises a support with a movable part that, when manually pressed by an operator, moves hooks against a circular flange located in the upper part of a cylindrical wall. The hooks are located on the outside of the cylindrical wall. In the locked position, the hooks press the edge of the container against the circular flange of the cylindrical wall.

A drawback of this tool is that it needs said container flange and said circular flange for lifting the load. The hooks are pusher members that do not press the wall of the cylindrical container on the cylindrical wall, but rather the hooks press the flange of the container against the circular flange. Therefore, the cylindrical wall does not suffer pressure and is not a suffering wall, and the tool is not suitable for lifting a hollow cylindrical container provided with eight smooth faces, that is, free of profiles, perforations, flanges or flanges to allow its hoisting

Document US2327005A shows an apparatus for raising a metal cylindrical barrel with a cylindrical crown free of flanges at its end. Said apparatus is apt to load the barrel vertically by friction. The apparatus comprises a suffering structure with a horizontal tube and a vertical tube welded in an inverted T-shape with two round curved interiors fixed at both ends of the horizontal tube. The apparatus comprises a movable support with respect to the suffering structure. Said movable support comprises a shirt-type support slidably mounted with respect to said vertical tube of the suffering structure and two pressure members materialized in respective arms provided with a curved outer round. The shirt support is provided with a coupling for coupling said device to a lifting device, for example, forklift, hoist, etc. These two arms are diametrically opposite and are pivotally mounted on the sleeve support and on the respective ends of the horizontal tube. When the apparatus is lifted by pulling the coupling, the shirt support rises, the arms swing, the inner rounds of the suffering structure press on the inner wall of the barrel cylindrical crown and the outer rounds press against the outer wall of the cylindrical crown of the barrel. barrel, thus raising the load. The apparatus lifts the barrel by pressing two opposite curved portions of the barrel by friction due to the flat geometry of the apparatus.

Document US20010001525A1 shows in its Figures 10 to 13 an essentially flat apparatus for lifting a cylindrical container of wood conglomerate of thin and smooth walls, that is, the container does not have flanges to allow its lifting. The apparatus comprises a movable support that slides with respect to a suffering structure provided with two curved lateral suffering walls. The movable stand is equipped with a coupling that can be attached to a lifting device, such as a forklift. The apparatus also comprises two arms connected at its end pivotally to the movable support. Furthermore, the apparatus comprises two levers pivotally connected to the respective arms at their other ends, pivotally connected to the suffering structure, and having the respective curved pressure members fixed in use against the respective curved lateral suffering walls of The structure will suffer. The two curved pressure members are arranged on the inside of the respective curved side walls facing each other and facing them. Thus, the curved pressure members press the cylindrical container inside. When lifting the load, the mobile support is raised by pivoting two curved pressure members that trap the inner wall of the cylinder against the curved suffering walls of the suffering structure, which press the outside of the cylinder. Mobile support and wall sufridera are lockable, with the pressure members in open position, by means of a pin inserted in a hole.

A problem with the devices of US2327005A and US20010001525A1 is that they press the load walls only at two diametrically opposite points. Since the container to be raised is metallic and a conglomerate of wood, respectively, this may be sufficient in these applications. However, a number of pressure points greater than two and a larger friction surface are needed to lift the corrugated cardboard drum full of product without breaking, crushing or crushing the corrugated paper sheet or sheets that are an integral part of the cardboard Corrugated and without deforming the top of the drum or its side faces. If a sheet of corrugated paper breaks, crushes or chafa destroying its wavy shape, the expansion and compression resistance of the corrugated cardboard drum decreases dramatically. For example, the drums will resist a lower weight when a drum is stacked on top of the other, after being manipulated with the apparatus to load the drum vertically. Likewise, the upper open part and the sides of the drum must not be subject to deformations due to the use of the apparatus on the corrugated cardboard drum so as not to reduce the resistance of the drum for later use.

Document DE3314806C1 shows an apparatus with eight pressure points. Said apparatus does not exhibit a suffering wall, since the apparatus is suitable for feeding cylindrical articles pressed into round storage containers. It includes a support where a motor connected to a ball screw is mounted.

With the rotation of the motor, the ball screw drives eight arms, which extend radially from the center of the support. However, a hollow octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard drum with thin faces cannot be lifted by this device, since it does not have an internal suffering structure that counteracts the pressure of the eight arms, thus allowing its lifting by friction, avoiding deformation of the faces and the damage by crushing and / or crushing the corrugated corrugated cardboard.

Document FR2939452A shows a clamp for lifting plates with four pressure points and a suffering structure with a cylindrical wall of reduced surface area. Said four pressure points correspond to four pressure members that are moved by a cylinder supported in the cylindrical bearing structure against the outside of the plate to be raised. The suffering structure is fixedly connected to the lifting support, which includes a coupling for connection to a lifting device, for example, a forklift. The cylindrical wall is inserted into the center of the plate to be raised to reduce the deformation of the plate due to the pressure of the four thrust members. These four pressure members have pointed protrusions that are embedded in the cover plate for lifting. Such pointed protrusions would break the wave of corrugated cardboard and decrease the mechanical strength of the corrugated cardboard drum. In addition, the apparatus is configured and is suitable for lifting essentially flat objects, specifically plates. In addition, the cylindrical suffering structure is not even adapted for lifting thin-walled cylindrical objects.

Document FR2752232A1 describes an apparatus to be coupled to a crane hook comprising scissor links with a common pivot fixed to a support frame. The scissor links have lower ends equipped with rounded jaws and upper ends pivoted to a respective auxiliary link. The auxiliary links are connected to a common upper pivot fixed to a coupling attachable to a crane hook. A rotating latch blocks the common pivot to keep the jaws open. An operator lowers and adjusts the jaws on a head of a hemispherical object to be raised. An inverted funnel centers the head of the object to be raised. The operator remotely disconnects a solenoid that supports an arm with weight attached to the rotating latch. When the solenoid is disconnected a rod linked to the solenoid is retracted. The weight arm balances the latch and releases the auxiliary links and the scissor links. Before starting the survey, the coupling goes down so that a notch of the Swivel latch receive the pivot securing the links. After this, the lifting begins and the jaws close with the pivot secured. Thus, the rotary latch provides three positions: a jaw lock position with the jaws open, a jaw position unlocked, and a lock position with the jaws closed during lifting.

GB1326743A describes a clamp for lifting objects comprising a pair of primary arms provided at their free ends with a jaw and joined in a common pivot, and a pair of secondary arms attached to the other ends of the primary arms. The secondary arms are mounted at their other respective ends a second common pivot on which it mounts a coupling suitable for lifting by means of a lifting device, such as a crane. Primary and secondary arms make up a scissor mechanism. The apparatus incorporates an automatic locking device that includes a rotating latch pivotally mounted on a pivot fixed to the primary arm for the movement of the primary and secondary arms between two positions. A rotating latch position prevents the jaw from closing while the other position allows the jaw to be closed on the primary arms. The locking device is automatic because the operator does not intervene in its locking and unlocking, but it locks and unlocks when the clamp is raised and lowered.

The latch has an opening to receive a projection made in a primary arm, the projection being located at the limit of the opening when the jaws are in their fully closed position limited by a stop. When the clamp is lowered so that it is coupled with a load or a surface, the jaws are forced open by the weight of the apparatus and the projection moves down through the opening of the latch to a position of the opening in which the latch is it is in a position of gravitational equilibrium, and the downward movement causes the projection to move into a recess in the opening of the latch which is shaped in such a way that the closure of the jaw is avoided.

The jaw cannot be closed until the projection moves to another gravitational equilibrium position of the latch by opening the jaw further, after which the projection runs along the profile of the opening allowing the jaw to close as it Raise. A second stop limits the amount of jaw opening. The blocking device moves between the equilibrium positions by the reaction between the projection and the opening. Balancing positions can be maintained only by gravity, or assisted or replaced by a spring arrangement on the center of the center of rotation of the rotating latch. Alternatively, an auxiliary locking device can replace the recess of the retention member.

Thus, the latch provides a rotating latch position that prevents the jaw from closing, and another rotary latch position that allows the jaw closure located in the primary arms.

A drawback of documents FR2752232A1 and GB1326743A is that the blocking or unlocking of the blocking device depends on the lifting of the apparatus through the coupling to lift the load or its descent to rest on the ground or on the load. This dependence on the presence or absence of lifting force in the coupling causes that if the load falls on an unstable surface or the load receives lateral impacts, the locking device can be unlocked due to the absence of the lifting force, and the Jaw can open causing the load to fall or tip over. Examples of unstable surfaces are: a surface that is not perfectly flat or an inclined surface, among others. Thus, greater reliability would be achieved during stacking corrugated cardboard drums.

None of the above documents provides an apparatus for vertically raising an octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard drum provided with eight thin and smooth faces, without breaking, crushing or crushing the corrugated paper sheet or sheets that form an integral part of the corrugated cardboard, without deforming the top of the drum or its side faces.

Neither, none of the above documents disclose apparatus for vertically elevating an octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard drum equipped with eight thin and smooth faces, improving the robustness of the locking device of its jaws when the load is unloaded on unstable support surfaces or receives impacts.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention contributes to solve the above and other inconveniences, providing an apparatus for raising, according to a vertical direction, an octagonal and hollow prismatic corrugated cardboard drum. Said drum is provided with a body of eight thin and smooth faces separated by folds parallel to the direction vertical. The drum is closed at the bottom with a base, and is open at the top. Said eight faces define an intrados and an extrados of said drum.

Each face of said body may include one or more layers of corrugated cardboard, which causes its thickness to vary. Said corrugated cardboard comprises at least one sheet of plain paper and one sheet of corrugated paper, adhered to each other. This type of corrugated cardboard is known as simple face. Thus, double-sided corrugated cardboard is provided within the scope of the present invention, provided with two sheets of plain paper between which at least one sheet of corrugated paper is sandwiched, triple-sided corrugated cardboard, etc.

Said apparatus comprises in use a lifting support provided with a coupling attachable to a lifting device. Examples of said lifting device can be a forklift, hoist, bridge crane, among others.

Likewise, four first pressure members facing two to two, connected to said lifting support and which are movable between an open position in which they do not exert pressure against a suffering structure and a closed position in which they exert pressure on a suffering structure .

The apparatus also comprises a suffering structure operatively connected to the lifting support or that is an integral part of the lifting support against which the four pressure members press in use in the closed position.

Likewise, the suffering structure comprises four first lateral suffering walls, which provide respective essentially flat pressure surfaces, essentially parallel to said vertical direction of elevation, and facing two to two.

Said first four lateral suffering walls define an octagonal contour of eight sides suitable for introduction by the top of the drum. Said octagonal contour is configured so that each first side wall is facing and attached in use with a respective alternate face of the extrados of the drum.

Each pair of first essentially flat lateral walls are separated by distances greater than the length of the other pair of first lateral walls, whereby the lateral ends of each first lateral wall define an octagonal contour.

In said apparatus, each first movable pressure member is disposed on the inside of its respective first side wall of the wall structure.

In addition, in the apparatus, each first pressure member presses in use in the closed position a respective alternate face of the drum intrados against a respective first side wall.

Also, in said apparatus the distance between the pressure surface of each first pressure member in its closed position and its respective first alternating side wall is between 3 and 50 mm.

Thus, the present invention provides an apparatus for vertically raising an octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard drum provided with eight thin and smooth faces, without breaking, crushing or crushing the corrugated paper sheet or sheets that form an integral part of the corrugated cardboard, and without deforming the top of the drum or its side faces.

Also, the quality of the corrugated cardboard can be diminished, and therefore, the manufacturing cost of the drum can decrease without the sheets of corrugated paper being crushed or broken when the drum is handled with said lifting device.

Preferably, the suffering structure further comprises four second lateral suffering walls, which provide respective essentially flat pressure surfaces, essentially parallel to said vertical direction of elevation, and facing two to two.

Said four second lateral suffering walls, together with the first four lateral suffering walls, define said octagonal contour of eight sides. The first four and four second side walls are arranged in alternate edges of the octagonal contour. Said octagonal contour is suitable for introduction by the top of the drum. Likewise, said octagonal contour is configured so that in use each of the eight lateral suffering walls is arranged facing and attached with each of the eight faces of the extrados of the drum.

Also preferably, the apparatus comprises four second pressure members, arranged on the inside of the suffering structure, connected to said lifting support.

Said second pressure members are movable between an open position in which they do not exert pressure on the suffering structure and a closed position in which they exert pressure on the suffering structure;

Each second movable pressure member is disposed on the inside of its respective second side wall of the wall structure.

Likewise, each second pressure member presses in use in the closed position a respective alternate face of the drum intrados against a respective second side wall.

The distance between each second pressure member in its closed position and its respective second side wall is between 3 and 50 mm.

Thus, the eight faces of the drum are held in use by the pressure of the first four pressure members against their respective first lateral suffering walls and the pressure of the four second pressure members against the respective four second lateral suffering walls.

In a preferred mode, the apparatus further comprises a linear guide attached to the suffering structure that guides said lifting support with respect to said suffering structure along the vertical axis. In addition, the apparatus comprises four or eight arms mounted radially on an XY plane of the suffering structure perpendicular to the vertical direction. Each of said arms is provided with a respective proximal end and a respective distal end. Likewise, each of the arms is operatively connected by its respective distal end to a respective first or second pressure member. Also, each of the arms is operatively connected by its respective proximal end to a central support.

The central support is connected in a guided way according to the vertical direction to said lifting support. Said central support is movable between a lower position where the first and / or second pressure members are in the open position, and an upper position where the first and / or second pressure members are in the closed position.

Also in this preferred mode, the apparatus comprises a locking device operatively connected to the lifting support and to the central support that locks and unlocks the central support with respect to the suffering structure.

The locking device is provided with a first position, where the first and / or second pressure members are lockable in the closed position and once locked they keep said closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the support of elevation.

Optionally, the locking device is provided with a second position where the first and / or second pressure members are unlocked, being movable between the open and closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the lifting support .

Optionally, the locking device is provided with a third position, wherein the first and / or second pressure members are locked in the open position or locked in the closed position and keep said respective positions open or closed regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support.

In one option, the locking device comprises a rotating latch pivotally mounted on the suffering structure by means of a latch pivot. It also includes a guide groove in the rotating latch. The guide groove has a first guide section, the guide section being provided with a first guide end and a second guide end. The first guide section is associated with the first position of the locking device. It also comprises a guide pin fixed to said lifting support or to said central support. The guide pin is inserted into said guide groove so that it can run along it. It also comprises a rack operatively connected to the central support, a link pivotally supported at its end in the bearing structure by means of a second pivot and provided at its other end with a stop that presses the rack, and a retaining element that presses the stop against the zipper.

With this option the first and / or second pressure members are lockable in closed position when lifting the lifting support and once locked keep said closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the lifting support.

In another option, the guide slot of the locking device further comprises a guide recess adjacent to the second guide end. The guide pin is inserted into said guide recess so that it can run along it. The guide recess is associated with the second position of the locking device.

The rotating latch is operable between the first position and the second position thanks to the rotation of the same environment to the latch pivot between the second guide end and the guide recess.

In the second position the guide pin is inserted into a third guide end of the guide recess, the rotating latch pushes the link, and the link stop does not press against the rack.

With this other option, the first and / or second pressure members are unlocked and moveable between the open and closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the lifting support.

In a further option, the guide slot of the locking device further comprises a second guide recess adjacent to the guide recess. The guide pin is insertable in said second guide recess so that it can run along it. The second guide recess associated with the third position of the locking device. In addition, the rotary latch is operable between the first, second and third positions. Also, in the third position the guide pin is inserted in the second guide recess, the rotating latch does not push the link, and the link stop presses against the rack.

With this additional option, whereby the first and / or second pressure members are locked in the open position or locked in the closed position and keep said respective positions open or closed regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the support of elevation.

In addition, the locking device further comprises a second link pivotally supported at its end in the bearing structure by another second pivot and provided at its other end with another stop that acts as a stop against the rack. Also, the zipper has a tooth edge on each of its two sides, whereby each stop is associated with a respective tooth edge, and the retaining element has a respective stop connected on both sides.

Optionally, the locking device further comprises a second retention element that retains the rotating latch in its upper part in the first, second and third positions.

Optionally, the apparatus comprises two locking devices, one arranged on each side of the lifting support.

Also optionally, each first and / or second pressure member is provided with an essentially flat pressure surface.

According to another option, each of the first four and / or second essentially flat side walls are provided with a respective essentially rectangular pressure surface with two side edges parallel to the vertical direction and essentially coinciding in use with two respective adjacent folds of the eight drum faces.

Optionally, each of the arms is connected by its respective distal end pivotally by means of a respective first axis to a respective first or second pressure member. Also, each of the first or second pressure members pivots in use around a respective supported second axis. in the structure suffridera. Likewise, each of the arms is connected by its respective proximal end pivotally by means of a respective third axis to the central support.

With this, with the locking device in the second position, the central support can rise to its upper position according to the vertical direction by pivoting each arm a respective first or second pressure member to its closed position, and the central support can descend to its upper position. lower position according to the vertical direction by pivoting each arm a respective first or second pressure member to its open position.

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises an inner funnel provided with eight funnel walls connected to the suffering structure that protect the product contained in the drum from the opening and closing movement of the respective first and / or second pressure members. Said funnel walls are facing a respective first or second lateral wall and are in use facing the intrados of the drum.

The terms "corrugated cardboard" and "corrugated cardboard" are synonyms. The term "thin faces" includes faces whose thickness is between 3 and 50 mm.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made of the object of the present invention and to help a better understanding of the characteristics that distinguish it, it is accompanied in the present specification, as an integral part thereof, of a set of drawings, in those that with illustrative and non-limiting nature have represented the following:

Fig. 1 shows a top perspective view of the apparatus according to a first embodiment with the pressure members in the closed position;

Fig. 2 shows the bottom perspective view of Fig. 1, where the inner funnel has not been visualized for clarity;

Fig. 3 shows a top plan view of the apparatus of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 shows a bottom view of the apparatus of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 shows a side view of the apparatus of Fig. 1, where some parts of the apparatus have not been visualized to show in detail the lifting support and the central support, and where the corrugated cardboard drum on which the apparatus with the pressure members in closed position is also shown;

Fig. 6 shows a side view of the apparatus of Fig. 1, where some parts of the apparatus have not been visualized to show in detail the locking device, and where the corrugated cardboard drum on which it is shown is also shown puts the apparatus with the first and second pressure members in the closed position;

Fig. 7 shows a side view of the locking device of the apparatus of Fig. 1 in its first position, with the guide pin inserted in the second guide end of the first section of the guide slot, and with the zipper connected central support in the lower position, in which the first and second pressure members are in the open position;

Fig. 8 shows a side view of the locking device of the apparatus of Fig. 1 in its first position, with the guide pin inserted in the first guide end of the first section of the guide slot, and with the zipper connected to the central support in the upper position, in which the first and second pressure members are in the closed position;

Fig. 9 shows a side view of the locking device of the apparatus of Fig. 1 in its first position, with the guide pin inserted in the second guide end of the first section of the guide slot, and with the zipper connected to the central support in the upper position, in which the first and second pressure members are in the closed position;

Fig. 10 shows a side view of the locking device of the apparatus of Fig. 1 in its second position, with the guide pin inserted therein into the guide recess of the guide slot, and with the zipper connected to the support central in the lower position, in which the first and second pressure members are unlocked, being movable between the open and closed position;

Fig. 11 shows a side view of the locking device of the apparatus of Fig. 1 in its third position with the guide pin adjacent to the second guide recess of the guide slot, in the absence of a lifting force in the lifting support;

Fig. 12 shows a side view of the locking device of the apparatus of Fig. 1 in its third position with the guide pin inserted in the second guide recess of the guide slot, in the presence of a lifting force in the lifting support;

Fig. 13 shows a top perspective view of the corrugated cardboard drum, where a detail IV is indicated;

Fig. 14 is detail view IV; Y

Fig. 15 shows a top perspective view of the apparatus of the present invention placed on the drum with the first and second pressure members in closed position.

DETAILED EXHIBITION OF EMBODIMENTS / EXAMPLES

According to a first aspect of the present invention, Figs. 1 to 12 and 15 show a first embodiment of the apparatus (50) for raising, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard.

An example of said drum (80) is shown in detail in Figs. 13 to 15. Said drum (80) is provided with a body (85) of eight thin and smooth faces (81) separated by parallel folds (82) to the vertical direction (Z). The drum (80) is closed at its bottom, with a base (83), and is open at its top. Said eight faces (81) of the drum (80) define an intrados and an extrados of said drum (80).

In Fig. 14 the layers (86) of the body (85) of said drum (80) are shown in detail. In Figs. 13 and 14 the body (85) comprises two layers (86). Each of the layers (86) of the example may represent a triple-sided corrugated cardboard. The triple-sided corrugated cardboard comprises three smooth sheets (87), two outer and one inner, between which two corrugated sheets (88) are interspersed alternately. In Fig. 14 it is observed that one wave of a corrugated sheet (88) is smaller and the other wave of the other corrugated sheet (88) is larger.

Going back to Figs. 1 and 2, the apparatus (50) comprises a lifting support (1) provided with a coupling (2) The coupling (2) is attachable to a lifting device (not shown).

Figs. 1 to 5 show that the apparatus (50) comprises four first pressure members (41) facing two to two, connected to said lifting support (1) and that they are movable between an open position in which they do not exert pressure against a sufridera structure (6) and a closed position in which they exert pressure on a sufridera structure (6).

Following in Figs. 1 to 6, it is observed that the apparatus (50) comprises a suffering structure (6) operatively connected to the lifting support (1) against which the four pressure members (41) press in use in the closed position. Fig. 6 shows two first pressure members (41) that press against respective first lateral suffering walls (51) belonging to the suffering structure (6) and press in use two faces (81) of the drum (80). Looking at Figs. 5 and 6, two linear guides (16), materialized in respective essentially rectangular plates, which are an integral part of the sufferer structure (6) connect the sufferer structure (6) and the lifting support (1) in a guided way. Fig. 1 shows two covers (17) materialized in two plates protecting respective locking devices (60) from the outside. The locking device (60) will be detailed later.

Said suffering structure shown in Figs. 1 to 6, it comprises four first lateral suffering walls (51) that provide respective essentially flat pressure surfaces, essentially parallel to said vertical direction (Z) of elevation, and facing two to two as detailed in Figs. 3 and 4.

Figs. 2, 3 and 4 show that said first four lateral suffering walls (51) define an octagonal contour (C) of eight sides suitable for introduction by the top of the drum (80). In Figs. 5, 6 and 15 shows said apparatus (50) introduced by the top of the drum (80). Figs. 5 and 6 show that said octagonal contour (C) is configured so that, in use, each first lateral bearing wall (51) is facing and attached in use with a respective alternate face (81) of the extrados of the drum (80).

In Figs. 3 and 4, each pair of first lateral suffering walls (51) facing each other are separated distances greater than the length of the other pair of first lateral suffering walls (51) facing each other, bringing the lateral ends of each wall Side rails (51) define an octagonal contour (C). In Figs. 3 and 4, the first lateral suffering walls (51) aligned according to the X direction are separated a distance greater than the length of the first lateral suffering walls (51) aligned according to the Y direction. Similarly, in Figs. 3 and 4 the first lateral suffering walls (51) aligned according to the Y direction are separated a distance greater than the length of the first lateral suffering walls (51) aligned according to the X direction

Figs. 1 to 6 show in detail that each first movable pressure member (41) is disposed on the inside of its respective first side wall (51) of the wall structure (6).

Fig. 5 shows that each first pressure member (41) presses in use in the closed position a respective alternate face (81) of the drum intrados (80) against a respective first lateral bearing wall (51).

In Figs. 2, 4 and 6, and with particular detail in Fig. 4, the distance between the pressure surface of each first pressure member (41) in its closed position and its respective first alternate lateral bearing wall (51) is comprised between 3 and 50 mm. Said distance is associated with the thickness of the layers (86) of the body (85) of the drum (80).

Figs. 1 to 6 show that the suffering structure (6) of this first embodiment of the apparatus (50) further comprises four second lateral suffering walls (52), which provide respective essentially flat pressure surfaces, essentially parallel to said vertical direction (Z) of elevation, and faced two to two as detailed in Figs. 3 and 4.

In Figs. 2, 3 and 4 the four second lateral wall walls (52) next to the first four lateral wall walls (51) define the octagonal contour (C) of eight sides. The first four and four second lateral suffering walls (51, 52) are arranged in alternate edges of the octagonal contour (C). Figs. 5, 6 and 15 show that said octagonal contour (C) is suitable for introduction by the top of the drum (80) of Fig. 14.

In Figs. 5, 6 and 15, said octagonal contour (C) is configured so that in use each of the eight lateral suffering walls (51, 52) is arranged facing and attached to each of the eight faces (81) of the extrados of the drum (80).

Figs. 1 to 6 show that the apparatus (50) of this first embodiment further comprises four second pressure members (42), arranged by the inner part of the suffering structure (6), and connected to said lifting support (1).

Said four second pressure members (42) are movable between an open position in which they do not exert pressure on the suffering structure (6) and a closed position in which in use they exert pressure on the suffering structure (6).

Figs. 2 and 4 show that each second movable pressure member (42) is disposed on the inside of its respective second side wall (52) of the wall structure (6).

Likewise, in Figs. 5 and 15 each second pressure member (42) presses in use in the closed position a respective alternating face (81) of the drum intrados (80) against a respective second side wall (52).

In Figs. 4 and 5 the distance between each second pressure member (42) in its closed position and its respective second side wall (52) is between 3 and 50 mm. Said distance is associated with the thickness of the layers (86) of the body (85) of the drum (80) of Fig. 14.

In Figs. 5 and 15, the eight faces (81) of the drum (80) are held in use by the pressure of the first four pressure members (41) against their respective first lateral suffering walls (51) and the pressure of the four second members of pressure (42) against the respective four second lateral side walls (52).

Fig. 5 shows in detail that the apparatus (50) further comprises two linear guides (16) embodied in plates attached to the sufferer structure (6) defining a guide cavity (69). The linear guides (16) guide said lifting support (1) with respect to said suffering structure (6) along the vertical axis (Z) through the guide cavity (69). In turn, the lifting support (1) has two elongated members (1a) provided with an upper elbow and a lower elbow at its ends that abut against the suffering structure (6) in the extreme positions of the guide cavity (69). The lifting support (1) is provided with a lifting support opening (13) defined by said elongated members (1a).

Also in this first embodiment, Figs. 1 to 6, and in detail Fig. 3, show that the apparatus (50) comprises a total of twelve arms (7) mounted radially on an XY plane of the suffering structure (6) . The XY plane is perpendicular to the vertical direction (Z). In Figs. 1 to 3 it is observed that the twelve arms (7) are mounted on an octagonal contour plate (35) aligned with the XY plane. The sufridera structure (6) comprises two branches (4) that fixedly connect the octagonal contour plate (35) with the linear guides (16).

Each of said arms (7) is provided with a respective proximal end and a respective distal end. Figs. 1, 5 and 6 show that each of the arms (7) is operatively connected by its respective distal end to a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42). In Figs. 1 to 4 it is shown that each first pressure member (41) is connected to two arms (7) while each second pressure member is connected to one arm (7). In Figs. 1 to 6 it is observed that each of the arms (7) is operatively connected by its respective proximal end to a central support (10). The central support (10) is provided with a central member (11) where respective third axes (E3) are supported on which the respective arms (7) are connected. Fig. 5 shows that the central support (10) is operatively connected to zippers (12), specifically the zippers (12) are made on the central support (10).

In Fig. 5 it is shown that the apparatus (50) further comprises said central support (10), which is connected in a guided manner according to the vertical direction (Z) to said lifting support (1). Said central support (10) is movable between a lower position where the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are in said open position (Figs. 7, 10 to 12), and an upper position where the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are in said closed position (Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9).

Figs. 1 to 3 and 6 show that the locking device (60) is operatively connected to the lifting support (1) and the central support (10). The locking device (60) locks and unlocks the central support (10) with respect to the suffering structure (6).

Figs. 7 to 9 show that the locking device (60) is provided with a first position (P1), wherein the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are lockable in the closed position. Once locked, the first and second pressure members (41, 42) keep said closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1).

Fig. 10 shows that the locking device (60) is provided with a second position (P2), wherein the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are unlocked. The first and second pressure members (41, 42) are movable between said open and closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1).

Figs. 11 and 12 show that the locking device (60) is provided with a third position (P3), wherein the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are locked in the open position or locked in the closed position. The First and second pressure members (41, 42) keep their respective positions open or closed regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1).

Referring to Figs. 6 and 7, the locking device (60) comprises a rotating latch (61) pivotally mounted on the bearing structure (6) by a bolt pivot (67).

The locking device (60) further comprises a guide groove (68) with a first guide section (68a, 68d) made in the rotating latch (61). The guide section (68a, 68d) is provided with a first guide end (68d) and a second guide end (68a). The first guide section (68a, 68d) associated with the first position (P1) of the locking device (60).

Following in Figs. 6 and 7, the locking device (60) comprises a guide pin (64) fixed to said lifting support (1). The guide pin (64) is inserted in said guide groove (68) so that it can run along it.

Likewise, Figs. 6 and 7 show that the locking device (60) comprises a rack (12) made on the central support (10). The rack (12) moves in a guided way through the inside of the lifting support opening (13) of the lifting support (1). The zipper (12) has an edge of teeth on each of its two sides, whereby each stop (71) is associated with a respective edge of teeth, and the retaining element (73) is connected on both sides to a respective stop (71).

Also, in Figs. 6 and 7, the locking device (60) comprises two links (65) pivotally supported by their respective ends in the suffering structure (6) by means of respective second pivots (74). The two links (65) are provided at their respective respective ends with respective stops (71) that press against the cutting edge of the rack (12).

Following in Figs. 5 to 7, the locking device (60) comprises a retaining element (73) embodied in a tension spring that presses the two stops (71) against the rack (12). In Fig. 5 it is observed that the stops (71) run through a linear groove made in a guide piece (72).

Thus, in Fig. 6 the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are in the closed position since the central support (10) and the rack connector (12a) that is part of the central support (10) is in the lower position. In Fig. 7 the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are open. In Fig. 7 the First and second pressure members (41, 42) are lockable to the closed position when the lifting support (1) is lifted. In Fig. 8 the lifting support (1) is raised and the central support (10) is in the upper position.

With this, the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are locked in Fig. 8. The first and second pressure members (41, 42) keep said closed position regardless of the presence (Fig. 8) or absence (Fig. 9) of a lifting force on the lifting support (1).

In Figs. 7 to 12 the guide slot (68) of the locking device (60) further comprises a guide recess (68c) adjacent to the second guide end (68a). In Fig. 10 it can be seen that the guide pin (64) is insertable in said guide recess (68c) so that it can run along it. The guide recess (68c) is associated with the second position (P2) of the locking device (60). Said second position (P2) is shown in Fig. 10.

Figs. 7 to 10 show that the rotating latch (61) is operable between the first position (P1) and the second position (P2) thanks to the rotation of the same environment to the latch pivot (67) between the second guide end (68a) and the incoming guide (68c). In this first embodiment, the latch (67) is manually operable through the handle (62) attached to the latch arm (61c). The handle (62) rotates the latch arm (61c) and the latch (67) in use.

Fig. 10 shows that in the second position (P2) the guide pin (64) is inserted into a third guide end of the guide recess (68c). In Fig. 10 the rotating latch (61) pushes the link (65), and the two stops (71) of the respective links (65) do not press against the rack (12).

Thus, in Fig. 10, the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are unlocked and are movable between the open and closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the lifting support (1) .

Figs. 11 and 12 show that the guide groove (68) of the locking device (60) further comprises a second guide recess (68b) adjacent to the guide recess (68c). In Figs. 11 and 12 the guide pin (64) is insertable in said second guide recess (68b) so that it can run along it. The second guide recess (68c) is associated with the third position (P3) of the locking device (60).

Figs. 7 to 12 show that the rotary latch (61) is operable between the first (P1), second (P2) and third (P3) position. Fig. 12 shows the third position (P3) of the locking device (60), wherein the guide pin (64) is inserted in the second guide recess (68b), the rotating latch (61) does not push the two links (65), and the respective stops (71 ) of said links (65) press against the rack (12).

Thus, in Figs. 11 and 12 the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are locked in the open position or locked in the closed position. The first and second pressure members (41, 42) keep said respective positions open or closed regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the lifting support (1).

In Figs. 6 to 12 it is shown that the locking device (60) further comprises a second retention element (63) that retains the rotating latch (61) at its top in the first, second and third position (P1, P2, P3) . In Figs. 2 and 7 to 12 it can be seen that the second retaining element (63) is embodied in a U-shaped piece with an angled end that fits in use against the rotating latch (61). The retaining element (63) fits into a first or second notch (61b, 61a) made in the rotating latch (61). The first notch (61b) retains the rotating latch (61) in the first position (P1) of the locking device (60). The second notch (61a) retains the rotating latch (61) in the third position of the locking device (60). In the second position (P2) the second retention element (63) is supported on the profile of the rotating latch (61) and retains it.

In Figs. 1 to 12 and 15, the apparatus comprises two locking devices (60), one arranged on each side of the lifting support (1). In Figs. 1 and 2 show that the two rotating latches (61) are attached to the same hand-operated handle (62) that rotates the rotating latches (61) in use.

Figs. 1 to 6 show that each first and / or second pressure member (41, 42) is provided with an essentially flat pressure surface.

In Figs. 1 to 4 it is shown in detail that each of the first four and four second essentially flat side walls (51, 52) are provided with a respective essentially rectangular pressure surface with two side edges (56) parallel to the vertical direction (Z ). In Figs. 5, 6 and 15 said side edges (56) are essentially coincident in use with two respective folds (82) adjacent to the eight faces (81) of the drum (80).

Figs. 1 to 4 and 13 to 15 show that each first and second side wall (51, 52) is provided at its lower edge with a chamfer (54) inclined outwards in order to facilitate the centering of said first and second lateral walls (51, 52) on the faces of (81) of the drum (80).

In Figs. 1 to 6, each of the arms (7) is connected by its respective distal end pivotally by means of a respective first axis (E1) to a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42) through a respective lever (5). In Figs. 1 to 6 show that each first and second pressure member (41,42) is fixed to a respective free end of a lever (5), which pivot in use around their respective second axes (E2).

Following in Figs. 1 to 6, each of the first or second pressure members (41, 42) pivots in use around a respective second axis (E2) supported on the bearing structure (6). Each respective second axis (E2) is supported on a respective hinge element (25) fixed to the bearing structure (6).

In addition, each of the arms (7) is connected by its respective proximal end pivotally by means of a respective third axis (E3) to the central support (10).

Thus, in Fig. 10 with the locking device (60) being in the second position (P2), the central support (10) can be raised by manually activating it to its upper position (Figs. 1 and 8) according to the vertical direction ( Z) pivoting each arm (7) a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42) to its closed position. Also, in this second position of the locking device (60), the central support (10) can be lowered by manually activating it to its lower position (Figs. 1, 2 and 5 to 7) according to the vertical direction (Z) each arm (7 ) pivots a respective first or second pressure member (41.42) to its open position.

Fig. 4 shows in detail that the apparatus (50) comprises an inner funnel provided with eight funnel walls (90, 91) connected to the suffering structure (6) that protect the product contained in the drum (80) from the movement of opening and closing of the respective first and / or second pressure members (41, 42). Said funnel walls (90, 91) are facing a respective first or second lateral wall (51, 52) and are in use facing the intrados of the drum (80).

Claims (16)

1. Apparatus (50) for lifting, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard provided with a body (85) of eight thin and smooth faces (81) separated by folds (82) ) parallel to the vertical direction (Z), closed in its lower part with a base (83) and open in its upper part, wherein said eight faces (81) define an intrados and an extrados of said drum (80), comprising said apparatus (50) in use: - a lifting support (1) provided with a coupling (2) attachable to a lifting device; - four first pressure members (41) facing two to two, connected to said lifting support (1) and which are movable between an open position in which they do not exert pressure against a suffering structure (6) and a closed position in the that exert pressure on a suffering structure (6); - a suffering structure (6) operatively connected to the lifting support (1) or forming an integral part of the lifting support (1) against which the four pressure members (41) press in the closed position, characterized in that the suffering structure (6) comprises: - four first lateral suffering walls (51), which provide respective essentially flat pressure surfaces, essentially parallel to said vertical direction (Z) of elevation, facing two to two, and defining an eight-sided octagonal contour (C) suitable for its introduction through the upper part of the drum (80), said octagonal contour (C) being configured so that each first side wall (51) is facing and attached in use with a respective alternate face (81) of the drum extrados (80); and because - each first movable pressure member (41) is disposed on the inside of its respective first side wall (51) of the wall structure (6), - each first pressure member (41) presses in use in the closed position a respective alternating face (81) of the drum intrados (80) against a respective first lateral bearing wall (51); Y - the distance between the pressure surface of each first pressure member (41) in its closed position and its respective first side lateral wall (51) is between 3 and 50 mm. 2. Apparatus (50) for lifting, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to claim 1, wherein the suffering structure (6) further comprises - four second lateral suffering walls (52), which provide respective essentially flat pressure surfaces, essentially parallel to said vertical direction (Z) of elevation, facing two to two, which together with the first four lateral suffering walls (51) define said octagonal contour (C) of eight sides, wherein the first four and four second lateral side walls (51, 52) are arranged in alternate edges of the octagonal contour (C), said octagonal contour (C) being suitable for introduction by the upper part of the drum (80), and said octagonal contour (C) being configured so that in use each of the eight lateral suffering walls (51, 52) is arranged facing and attached to each of the eight faces (81) from the extrados of the drum (80). 3. Apparatus (50) for raising, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to claim 2, further comprising - four second pressure members (42), arranged on the inside of the suffering structure (6), connected to said lifting support (1), and movable between an open position in which they do not exert pressure on the suffering structure ( 6) and a closed position in which they exert pressure on the suffering structure (6); and where: - each second movable pressure member (42) is disposed on the inside of its respective second side wall (52) of the wall structure (6), - each second pressure member (42) presses in use in the closed position a respective alternate face (81) of the intrados of the drum (80) against a respective second side wall (52), - the distance between each second pressure member (42) in its closed position and its respective second side wall (52) is between 3 and 50 mm; - whereby the eight faces (81) of the drum are held in use by the pressure of the first four pressure members (41) against their respective first lateral side walls (51) and the pressure of the four second pressure members (42) against the respective four second side wall walls (52). 4. Apparatus (50) for raising, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising - a linear guide (16) attached to the suffering structure (6) that guides said lifting support (1) with respect to said suffering structure (6) along the vertical axis (Z), - four or eight arms (7) mounted radially on an XY plane of the suffering structure (6) perpendicular to the vertical direction (Z), where ^or each of said arms (7) is provided with a respective proximal end and a respective distal end, ^or each of the arms (7) is operatively connected by its respective distal end to a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42); ^or each of the arms (7) is operatively connected by its respective proximal end to a central support (10); - a central support (10) connected in a guided manner according to the vertical direction (Z) to said lifting support (1), said central support (10) being movable between a lower position where the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are in said open position, and an upper position where the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are in said closed position; Y - a locking device (60) operatively connected to the lifting support (1) and the central support (10) that locks and unlocks the central support (10) with respect to the suffering structure (6); - the locking device (60) being provided with a first position (P1), wherein the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are lockable in the closed position and once locked keep said closed position independently of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1). 5. Apparatus (50) for raising, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to claim 4, wherein the locking device (60) is provided with a second position (P2 ) where the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are unlocked, being movable between the open and closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1). 6. Apparatus (50) for lifting, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to any of claims 4 or 5, wherein the locking device (60) is provided with a third position (P3), wherein the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are locked in the open position or locked in the closed position and keep said respective positions open or closed regardless of the presence or absence of a force of lifting on the lifting support (1). 7. Apparatus (50) for lifting, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to any of claims 4 to 6, wherein the locking device (60) comprises: - a rotating latch (61) pivotally mounted on the bearing structure (6) by means of a latch pivot (67); - a guide groove (68) made in the rotating latch (61) with a first guide section (68a, 68d), the guide section (68a, 68d) being provided with a first guide end (68d) and a second guide end (68a), the first guide section (68a, 68d) being associated with the first position (P1) of the locking device (60), - a guide pin (64) fixed to said lifting support (1) or to said central support (10), the guide pin (64) being inserted in said guide slot (68) so that it can run along Of the same; - a rack (12) operatively connected to the central support (10); - a link (65) pivotally supported at its end in the bearing structure (6) by a second pivot (74) and provided at its other end with a stop (71) that presses the rack (12), and - a retaining element (73) that presses the stop (71) against the rack (12), whereby the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are lockable in closed position when lifting the lifting support (1) and once locked keep said closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the lifting support (1). 8. Apparatus (50) for raising, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard according to claim 7, wherein - the guide groove (68) of the locking device (60) further comprises a guide recess (68c) adjacent to the second guide end (68a), the guide pin (64) being inserted into said guide recess (68c ) so that it can run along it, the guide recess (68c) being associated with the second position (P2) of the locking device (60); - the rotating latch (61) is operable between the first position (P1) and the second position (P2) thanks to the rotation of the same environment to the latch pivot (67) between the second guide end (68a) and the guide recess (68c); Y - the second position (P2) the guide pin (64) is inserted in a third guide end of the guide recess (68c), the rotating latch (61) pushes the link (65), and the stop (71) of the link does not press against the rack (12); whereby the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are unlocked and are movable between the open and closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the lifting support (1). 9. Apparatus (50) for raising, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to claim 8, wherein - the guide slot (68) of the locking device (60) further comprises a second guide recess (68b) adjacent to the guide recess (68c), the guide pin (64) being inserted into said second guide recess ( 68b) so that it can run along it, the second guide recess (68c) being associated with the third position (P3) of the locking device (60); - the rotary latch (61) is operable between the first (P1), second (P2) and third (P3) position; Y - in the third position (P3) the guide pin (64) is inserted in the second guide recess (68b), the rotating latch (61) does not push the link (65), and the stop (71) of the link makes zipper pressure (12), whereby the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are locked in the open position or locked in the closed position and keep said respective positions open or closed regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the support of elevation (1). 10. Apparatus (50) for lifting, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to any of claims 7 to 9, wherein - the locking device (60) further comprises another link (65) pivotally supported at its end in the bearing structure (6) by another second pivot (74) and provided at its other end with another stop (71) which makes butt against zipper (12); Y - the zipper (12) has an edge of teeth on each of its two sides, whereby each stop (71) is associated with a respective edge of teeth, and the retaining element (73) has connected on both sides a respective stop (71). 11. Apparatus (50) for raising, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to any of claims 7 to 10, wherein the locking device (60) further comprises a second retaining element (63) that retains the rotating latch (61) in its upper part in the first, second and third position (P1, P2, P3). 12. Apparatus (50) for lifting, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to any of claims 4 to 11, comprising two locking devices (60), one arranged in each side of the lifting support (1). 13. Apparatus (50) for raising, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each first and / or second pressure member (41, 42 ) is provided with an essentially flat pressure surface. 14. Apparatus (50) for raising, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each of the first and / or second lateral suffering walls ( 51, 52) essentially flat are provided with a respective essentially rectangular pressure surface with two lateral edges (56) parallel to the vertical direction (Z) and essentially coinciding in use with two respective folds (82) contiguous of the eight faces (81) of the drum (80). 15. Apparatus (50) for lifting, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal corrugated cardboard according to any of claims 5 to 14, wherein - each of the arms (7) is connected by its respective distal end pivotally by means of a respective first axis (E1) to a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42); - each of the first or second pressure members (41, 42) pivots in use around a respective second axis (E2) supported on the bearing structure (6); - each of the arms (7) is connected by its respective proximal end pivotally by means of a respective third axis (E3) to the central support (10); with which the locking device is in the second position (P2), the central support (10) can rise to its upper position according to the vertical direction (Z) by pivoting each arm (7) a respective first or second member of pressure (41, 42) to its closed position, and the central support (10) can lower to its lower position according to the vertical direction (Z) by pivoting each arm (7) a respective first or second pressure member (41,42) to its open position. 16. Apparatus (50) for raising, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises an inner funnel provided with eight funnel walls (90 , 91), facing a respective first or second side wall (51, 52), which remain in use facing the drum intrados (80), and connected to the wall structure (6) that protect the product contained in the drum (80) of the opening and closing movement of the respective first and / or second pressure members (41, 42).