ES2710082A1 - Domestic electric network controlled by microprocessor. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Domestic electric network controlled by microprocessor (1, 1', 1 ") where the drive devices (8) indirectly originate a response and by programming, you can assign another, others, and even several different actions as long as they are concatenated, and/or depending on the day, the time, and in its case of temperature sensors, natural lighting, ..., in the lighting devices (5), power socket (6) and electric motors (7), with the particularity that the control (11), and drive (9), and even the power (3) wiring can run together under the same protection, following a continuous path through a whole area and even through a whole house/premises or vehicle. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Domestic electric network controlled by microprocessor.

Field of application of the invention:

5

Domestic electrical network, typical of a local, a house, a building, or a vehicle, including ship, plane, caravan, and the like.

Object of the invention:

10

The invention, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, refers to a microprocessor-controlled domestic electrical network that allows the simplification of both the layout of the electrical wiring in the circuit of lights, plugs and electric motors, 15 and control of the same as reducing the length of the wiring and number of necessary accessories.

The electrical installations inside the houses, but also in the premises and the vehicles are more and more complete and complex, 20 taking into account that it is desired to possess greater control over the lighting and other elements fed by the electric network in the scope of its location. .

To do this, domotics emerged, being currently installed only in 25 very low percentage of the housing stock, even in the new realization.

Said installations are generally based on a control unit that manages the reception of "user commands, programming, and / or sensors" to in turn operate a switch and thereby allow the passage of the electric current, or close this, temporarily or permanently in the corresponding circuit of alimentation.

Mainly the control unit receives the commands transmitted by the actuation of a pushbutton that sends a signal by wiring -bus data- / directly by independent circuits / in other cases 35 by means of decoder superimposing the information on a few cables, and on the others cases through wireless connection.

Finally, there are more and more cases, in which there is no domotic installation, and therefore there is not even a centralized control unit, but each device that is acquired and installed is autonomous, it feeds from the network conventional electricity and receives orders wirelessly eg from a smartphone or the sensor associated with the device.

In the rest of homes there is no domotics, and they are gifted of conventional electrical network. In these, we find the traditional scheme in which the electrical network of the home is configured as:

5 Connection or connection to the general network -counting- general cutting device for excess consumption-safety devices on the entire installation, -various circuits each with its protection depending on the maximum intensity it can withstand- and whose cables are reaching the plugs by derivation, except for the 10 that have independent circuits. In the case of light points, the wiring reaches the luminaire after passing through a switch or switch, which allows / does not allow the passage of the current and thus its on / off.

15 In all these installations, the electrical power wiring runs through tubing for physical protection and marks its route. To installation with more devices, more points of lights and greater adjustment to the needs of the user, originates a greater amount of wiring, tubes and actuating elements. In this type of installation, it is very difficult to vary once the installation is made, the action-action relationship, since the physical wiring, normally embedded in the walls, is direct. Modifications desired even as a test, become the chopping of walls, sometimes of roofs, step of protection, wiring, stacking, and painting, or an annoying and expensive work.

In the event that the wiring and its protection run through drywall and false ceiling, the passage of new wiring and protection is less devastating, however it is still necessary to open guiding gaps and passage of facilities, its stacking and final painting.

30 Therefore, it is not a pleasant actuation either.

All this leads to the fact that the initial installation is hardly modified, except in so far as the dwelling or premises is subject to reform, and generally, the modifications in the electrical installations are derived from it. In other words, it is up to the user to adapt to the home, 35 not the other way around.

The centralized domestic installations, by their operation intervene on more numbers of elements, and therefore its wiring is still more abundant, and the space intended for the installation is both 40 to house the control units, the wiring, and the devices drive increases. In addition to complex, these facilities are expensive derived from the price of the devices and assembly time, and have difficult maintenance, and modification which originates in a few cases, a complexity rather than an ease of management of the house, losing little by little its magic aspect to become a nightmare against repetitive failures, and insecurity about its correct functioning.

On the other hand, it is common for manufacturers of electrical and home automation equipment to present, year after year, a new series that is more aesthetic, more modern or with greater performance than the previous one, which means that after a few years, the material used it no longer exists because it has been discontinued. What forces the user of the system to modify much of the installation if it intends to maintain it with a unitary aesthetic, sometimes simply functional.

As a mere comparison between the facilities described and the proposal, use the following table:

Table - Suitability of current solutions

Especially idoneo Little idoneo

As can be seen, there is no adequate solution for all the required specifications, therefore, and in view of the above, it is desirable that electrical power can be provided to the 5 luminaires, to the devices and devices of a home, local , and / or vehicle in a safe way being able to exercise direct control, with reduced cost, reduced installation and easy maintenance and modification. That is to say, that it has more adequate characteristics than the models currently existing, and for that, a new solution is being provided, in an attempt to save the observed problem.

State of the Technique:

ES2549831 A1 - WO 2016185062 A1 (AULADELL JORDI)

15 corresponds to a simplified home automation unit designed to be connected to pushbuttons and elements to be controlled in a dwelling or local compact unit consisting of preprogrammed domestic modules in a box and terminals of inputs and outputs and has a label and color allowing know which terminal must connect 20 each element.

FR 2991533 A1 (GILOT ALAIN) Installation of electrical power distribution with domotic communication structure for, for example, housing or small tertiary where a server communicates with the outside 25, with an internal link and with manual switches in such a way that allows the electrical and communication control simultaneously.

DE10054069A (THOMAS A. THEURER)

Control circuit for lighting of buildings and accessories with a 30 system with power supply and logic circuit modules with switchable output

WO 2011098681 A1 (ALAIN ROMIEUX) Centralized control and management system of a dwelling that maintains some operational systems in case of failure of its own. By means of a parallel system equipped with a relay, it allows to continue manually operating the electric heating, to raise the blinds and the illumination.

DE 10336462 A1 (HEUSER SOFTWARE AG) Control of Actuators 40 by mobile telephone and sensors so that a control unit receives the status signal in a parallel manner and on the basis of the programming generates command of the actuators that are duplicated, wired one and wirelessly another.

WO 2009033693 A1 (MICHEL KRAUS) Integrated information platform for the home. It allows to order and control different electrical elements, in a centralized and wireless way, placing 5 controlled devices for control of consumption and status as well as a switch in the power points of the different devices, lighting devices, motorized and heating blinds, and it is connected wirelessly with the central device. It mainly establishes the characteristics of the interface managed by the user.

EP2299340 A1 (BARREDOR PATRICK) Center, system and method to control devices in buildings. In which it is established that the central unit has for each independent circuit some inputs and 15 own outputs. Each output element having a relay or any other electric switch controllable in the centralization itself.

20 Description of the invention

In view of what was pointed out in the previous section, and in order to achieve greater aptitude in all the points studied, a model of microprocessor-controlled domestic electrical network is proposed.

25

For this, the invention, resorts to

- Microprocessors, using the capacity of these processing and control units to discern among the possible "orders" what is done and give the desired response, so that there is no direct relationship between drive and response and, always acting on a circuit of very low voltage, in principle inferior to 6V, so that, maintaining the location of a device of accionamiento, can without physical change some in the installation modify the answer (another luminary, part of the installation, another

35 device, ...), give rise to more than one response (if they are concatenated), add, subtract, delete, vary or modify one or more concatenated response. Depending on the drives required, this unit will be zonal or total.

- To drive devices, which may be a mere static plate

40 metal or other conductive material and therefore not subjected to wear or tear, as a tactile surface, or a push button.

- To a drive wiring -continued even- that connects all the drive devices with the processing unit-- to a power wiring, which can also be continuous, not independent circuits are essential for each point to feed and yet be able to maintain full control of these, and that connects them to the connection of the house, local or 5 building -in its case, generator, alternator, batteries, plate system solar, ...-, previous interposition of the corresponding protection and safety elements (magneto-thermal, differential, fuses, ...). - A control wiring of the power management devices to be operated independently that is configured as a hose of several contacts or threads, and can also be continuous.

- to power management devices of the lighting devices, power supply, appliances and motors that are part of or are fed from the domestic electrical network; they configure the same: relays, actuators, contactors, inverters, ...

15 - To a power source, which transforms the input voltage to the house / premises / vehicle to that required for the operation of the microprocessor, the drive circuit and the control circuit of the power management devices.

20 With the particularity that the control, and drive, and even the power wiring can run together under the same protection, following a continuous path through a whole area and even through a whole house / local / vehicle, reaching the different elements and devices one after the other, up to the totality of them -25 which allows to easily interpose new element (s) or device (s) while they are located between two consecutive ones already existing-; and on the other hand, that by not resorting to wireless devices the atmosphere of waves more or less harmful for this and the user is not saturated.

30 Depending on the territorial or sectoral regulations that govern the electrical installations, it may be necessary to differentiate in the supply circuit one for power sockets, another for lighting, another for emergency lighting, etc ..., in which case the wiring may be well configured as a single hose with the number of threads corresponding to all of them, it will be separated into separate wiring, being able to keep all of them grouped and continuous along the entire route, which facilitates its extensions and subsequent modifications -, or in its case until reaching the end point of the individual circuit for the sake of greater economy.

By means of the actuating device (tactile element generally located on a wall), the user produces a variation of the potential in the drive circuit with a touch, as a pushbutton.

Said closure causes the reading by the microprocessor of a voltage variation due to the individual resistance -or identifier of the drive device itself.

10 At different resistance voltage difference occurs, assigning each value obtained to one or another drive device, the microprocessor, when performing a real-time reading of this, discerns which of the user intends a response. - Therefore, with a single circuit corresponding to two electric cables, you can 15 "send" orders from multiple points to a - in your case several microprocessor (s) .- New action on the drive device, leads to investment of the previous one, that is, cancels the previous one.

When assigning - by programming - one (s) output (s) of the microprocessor 20 as the action to be carried out, the corresponding electrical control circuit is closed. -When not requiring high intensity, the section of the electric cable, even operating at low voltage, can be very small, which allows to add large amount of them in a single hose of reduced section, easy to handle and 25 economica.- In this way the actuator / relay / contactor / inverter / inverter, .. -in general management device / power cut- which is located in immediate proximity to the device whose action is required, acts on the supply of this, giving both indirectly 30 response to user activation. -It in turn, allows the power circuit and the control circuit to have different voltages, and that both can be continuous, using the connection clamps and can travel together the same path - Whenever, the drive device originates from indirect form a response, by programming, you can assign another, others, and even several different actions as long as they are concatenated, and / or depending on the day, time, and temperature sensors, natural lighting, ... ...

The drive can also be effected wirelessly by means of a smartphone or the like through the communication port of the processor and a wifi receiver or another, eg, Bluetooth.

The power supply feeds both the microprocessor and the drive circuit and the control circuit of the power management / cutting devices, transforming the input voltage to the housing / local / vehicle to the necessary for these elements.

Description of the drawings:

5

In order to illustrate the explanation that follows, we attach to this description, 3 sheets of drawings, in which with 40 figures grouped into 6 main figures is represented, by way of example and without limitation, the essence of the present invention, and 10 in which we can appreciate the following:

Figure 1 corresponds to a schematic representation in perspective of a sectioned imaginary room that has a series of plugs or power socket (6), devices of drives (8) 15 (equivalent to the traditional push / switch / switch), a motorized roller blinds with its motor (7) in window and balcony door, lighting devices (5) or ceiling and wall luminaires, and a series of common electric appliances (electric / induction / ceramic hob, refrigerator and hood) 20 extractor, an electric radiator and an air conditioning unit), that is, in general, a domestic electrical installation corresponding to a living room-kitchen, in which the elements and mechanisms are reflected as well as a possible route of the wiring -previous to hide it in ceiling and walls- according to the present invention.

It is seen that the wiring is continuous, and in this case incorporates the drive wiring (9) that connects all drive devices with the microprocessor (1) - the power wiring (3) that reaches each power outlet, point of light, engine, and appliances, and -the control wiring (11) of the management / cutting devices of 30 alimentation (10) (not shown) .- And the following elements are also reflected: the connection (4) of the house, and a power supply (2) for the microprocessor (1).

Figure 2 corresponds to a schematic representation of the different elements and connections of a possible configuration of the invention in which it is seen:

- a microprocessor (1) on an electronic board with input and output terminals and equipped with serial communications port, and 40 wifi receiver (13).

-a power supply (2)

- a wiring corresponding to the power circuit (3)

-a connection (4) of the home / premises / vehicle, with its protection and security devices (not illustrated)

- lighting devices (5)

- power outlets (6)

- power outlets electric motors (7)

5 - drive devices (8)

- a wiring corresponding to the drive circuit (9)

- management devices / power cut (10)

- a wiring corresponding to the control circuit (11) or power supply of the management / cutting device (s) (10)

10-connection clamps (12,12 'and 12 ").

It is appreciated that the wiring is continuous, and in this case and for clarity illustrative separate the drive wiring (9) that connects all drive devices with the microprocessor (1) - the power wiring (3) reaching every 15 power socket (6), lighting device (5), electric motor (7), and -the control wiring (11) of the power cut-off devices (10) .-

Figure 3 corresponds to a schematic representation of the 20 different elements and connections of another possible configuration of the invention in which it can be seen:

A series of microprocessor (1.1 ', 1 ", ..) on their corresponding electronic boards with input and output terminals and equipped with serial communication port, and equipped in the case of the microprocessor (1) 25 of a receiver wifi (13).

- a power source (2)

- a wiring corresponding to the power supply circuit (3)

- a connection (4) of the dwelling / local / vehicle, with its protection and security devices (not illustrated)

30 - lighting devices (5)

- power outlets (6)

- power outlet electric motors (7)

- drive devices (8)

- a wiring corresponding to the drive circuit (9)

35 - power cutting devices (10)

- a wiring corresponding to the control circuit (11) or power supply of the management / cutting device (s) (10)

-connection clips (12), (12 ') or (12 ").

40 Both corresponding to figure 2 and figure 3, are reflected some modules called respectively fig.2a, fig.2b, fig.2c, fig.2d, fig.2e, fig.2f, fig.2h, fig.2i , fig.2j, fig.2k, and fig.3a, fig.3b, fig.3c, fig.3d, fig.3e, fig.3f, fig.3g, and that illustrate in a non-exhaustive way possible utilities of the system, to merely indicative for a improvement of the drawings, depending on the type of controlled device, whether lighting (5), power socket (6) or motor (7), depending on whether it has its own or shared drive device, and in case of motors and lighting, whether or not it has a reversal direction module for the first and / or power regulator or variator.

Figures 4 correspond to a schematic representation of a possible realization of an electrical connection keeping the wiring continued -in this case configured by 2 wires-, by means of a connection clamp (12).

By means of 13 flat views in elevation called (Fig 4.a1, Fig 4.a2, Fig 4.a3, Fig 4.b1, Fig 4.b2, Fig 4.c, Fig 4.d), another in 15th floor called ( Fig 4.e), and another in perspective called (Fig 4.f), the process is illustrated depending on the type of wiring used-flat or loose in the (Fig 4.a1 to Fig. 4a3), and composed in the (Fig 4.b1, Fig 4. b2, Fig 4.c and Fig 4.d) - and the final appearance in (Fig 4.and Fig 4.f)).

Figures 5 correspond to a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of an electrical connection keeping the wiring continuous -in this case configured by 2 wires-, by means of a connection clamp (12 ').

By means of 3 flat views in elevation called (Fig 5.a1, Fig 5.a2, Fig 25 5. a3) the process is illustrated, while with another one in the so-called plant (Fig 5.b), and another one in perspective called (Fig. 5.c) the final aspect is illustrated.

Figures 6 correspond to a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of an electrical connection keeping the wiring continuous -in this case configured by 14 wires- by means of a connection clamp (12 ").

By means of 2 flat views in elevation called (Fig 6.a and Fig 6.b), and another 3 in perspective called (Fig 6.c1, Fig 6.c2 and Fig6.c3) a possible process of realization of the connection is illustrated. electrical using the so-called clamp, and final aspects of it.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION:

40

In a first configuration of the invention, which is illustrated by way of example and without limitation with Figure 2, the system consists of

- at least one microprocessor (1) mounted on a plate electronic with homes of inputs and outputs of pin type composed of oscillator and voltage regulator, and a wifi receiver port.

- a switch-type power supply (2) whose purpose is to power the microprocessor (l), the drive circuit (9) and the control circuit (ll) of the power cut-off devices (10).

- A cabling at least bipolar, copper or other conductive material with its protections, and section the necessary -second preferred option 10 not less than 1mm2-, which corresponds to the power circuit (3).

Said wiring connects the external power supply network (4) -in its case alternator and battery, generator or photovoltaic panels up to each of the elements or devices or require electrical power, be lighting devices (5), sockets of 15 current (6) u power socket for motors (7). In preferred option said wiring is continuous going through all these elements and has a wire or ground conductor.

- At least bipolar wiring, copper or other conductive material with its protections, and section the necessary -second preferred option not less than 0.2mm2-, which corresponds to the drive circuit (9), and which is preferred in continuous and passes through each and every one of the drive devices (8) and connects at the other end to the microprocessor (1). Said circuit, if desired, can be integrated into the wiring of the control circuit (11).

25 - At least bipolar wiring, copper or other conductive material with its protections, - according to preferred option between 6 and 21 wires and section not less than 0.2mm2-, corresponding to the control circuit (11) - power supply of the device of management / cutting (10) - of the element fed, one to phase and another to the return, while 30 are n devices, 1 phase and n returns will be necessary, that is, the wiring will have n + 2 threads in the case of integration also the drive circuit (9). In preferred option said wiring is continuous going through all the elements (1,5,6,7 and 8). In the event that its capacity is exceeded, allocated circuits 35 are duplicated or differentiated in a zonal manner. In preferred option, said wiring corresponds to a hose in which the indicated wires are located in two parallel layers.

- At least one clamp (12, 12 'or 12 ") or connection element of the device to the wiring, which connects its terminals with the corresponding wires 40. In a preferred option, said clamp makes it possible not to cut the wires to be connected, but to "eliminate" the non-conductive coating of those to be connected, allowing the appropriate electrical connection. The clamps differ depending on whether it is a power circuit (3), a drive (9) or a circuit control (11).

- At least one actuator / relay / contactor / inverter / inverter / management device / cut-off (10) that powered by the control circuit (11) 5 electronically manages the electrical connection of the device (5,6,7) to the circuit feeding (3).

- At least one driving device (8) by means of which the user "orders an action" on at least one lighting device (5) / a motor (7) / a device connected to a socket (6), for manage your electrical alimentation. In preferred option, corresponds to a mere metal plate or other conductive material and therefore not subjected to wear or breakage, as a tactile surface.

In a second configuration , which is illustrated by way of example and without limitation with Figure 3, and is more appropriate than the first when the installation must support a large number of devices to be controlled, the number of wires is not adjusted of the wiring of the control circuit (11) to the number of elements, but that it remains in two, and another microprocessor (1 ') or (1 ") is incorporated for each controlled element, having an integrated form (1') or in proximity (1 ") the corresponding actuator / relay / contactor / inverter / drive / management device (10). The microprocessor (1) is differentiated from the (1 ') and (1 ")) as soon as the first one is the one in charge of managing the external communications, while the (1') and (1") are responsible for acting on the devices (5,6 and 7) by the relays or management / cutting devices (10). Each microprocessor of type (1 '), (1 "), is electrically powered by the control circuit (11) - power supply of the management device (10) - and receives the action command by the drive circuit (9). ), which passes through each and every one of the drive devices (8). In this second configuration, when the user closes the drive circuit (9) with a touch, as a push button, each microprocessor (1 ') or (1 ") studies the variation of the voltage that occurs due to the resistance of the identifier of the drive device itself that causes a variation of voltage), when real-time reading it and compare it with the assigned values, discerns which of them the user has acted, and therefore if this is your answer , consequently acting on the relay / inverter / inverter, ...- in general management device / power cut- (10), and therefore on the device (5,6,7) it controls.

In both cases and as a preferred option, the system is configured for an installation with n much greater than 1, that is, a multitude of control points and elements to be controlled, given that, under these conditions, the invention allows to minimize the required installation compared to the current 5.

At this point, it is necessary to define that by continuous wiring it should be understood -in relation to the present invention- that it is at the electrical level, going through how many elements configure the installation, one after another, until completing the set of same, and this regardless of whether it is physically when its length makes it essential to splice it, or resort to zoning in the event of an excess voltage drop, in which case it is configured as a closed circuit either the first or second configuration scheme is repeated as 15 more convenient, doubling and / or lengthening the section of the power circuit (3) prior to the connection of the power supplies (2) of the microprocessors (l).

Claims (5)

1. - Domestic electric network controlled by microprocessor 5 characterized by being composed of at least one microprocessor (l), a power supply (2), a continuous wiring corresponding to the power supply circuit (3) that connects the connection (4) of the home / premises / vehicle to the different lighting devices (5), power socket (6), appliances and electric motors (7), a drive device (8), a continuous wiring corresponding to the drive circuit (9) ), a power management / cutting device (10), a continuous wiring corresponding to the control (11) or supply circuit of the management / cutting device (s) (10), and connection clamps (12) , 12 ', 12 "). fifteen 2. - Domestic electric network controlled by microprocessor according to claim 1, characterized in that all the wiring corresponding to the power circuit (3), drive circuit (9) and control circuit (11) -or power supply of the 20 devices management / cut (10-), can run together following a path through how many elements configure the installation, one after another, to complete the set of them. 3. - Domestic electric network controlled by microprocessor according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that all devices are connected to the corresponding wiring-supply circuit (3), drive circuit (9), control circuit (11) or feeding of the cutting devices (10) - by means of at least one clamp (12, 12 'or 12 ") or connection element of the device to the wiring, which connects its terminals with the corresponding wires, without making necessary cuts, splices, no unions. 4. - Domestic electric network controlled by microprocessor according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that each management / cutting device (10) is located in immediate proximity to the lighting device (5), power outlet (6), appliances and electric motors (7) that controls and can be a relay. 5. - Microprocessor-controlled domestic electrical network according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the drive device (8) is configured by a conductive element (static) and can be a metal plate.