ES2698798A1 - COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH SWIVEL BLOCK (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Combustion engine with cylinder block swivel block. It comprises a hollow cylindrical outer body, a cylindrical rotor with a set of cylinders (32), which house respective pistons (40), with the combustion chamber between the part of the piston (40) furthest from the center of rotation of the rotor and the inner surface of the outer body (10), and moving a transmission shaft; And it is characterized by understanding A side covers (20) provided with guides (21) on its inner face, bolts (41) that pass through a portion of the pistons (40), with a length greater than the thickness of the rotor (30), a set of guide grooves (33) formed in the cylinders (32) parallel to their axis that communicate the inside of the cylinders with the outer surface of the rotor (30); so that said bolts (41) pass through the guide grooves (33) and their ends are inserted in the guides (21) of the side covers (20), which determines a radial position of the respective pistons (40) in the rotor (30), depending on the rotational position of the rotor (30). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH ROTARY BLOCK BLOCK

The present invention provides an internal combustion engine with radial arrangement of cylinders and pistons in which the cylinders are formed in a rotating block.

State of the art

The internal combustion engines commonly used are Otto cycle engines, diesel cycle engines and two-stroke cycle engines. In general, these engines are characterized because the reciprocating movement of the pistons is transmitted through a connecting rod to a crankshaft by which the mechanical power of the engine is transmitted.

Besides these motors are rotary or Wankel, characterized engines that consist of a combustion chamber in which e l rotor (or piston) constant turns and eccentrically while the intake, compression and fuel combustion is performed, followed by exhaust of the resulting gases

In addition to these engines, there are different alternatives in which there is a rotor block in which the combustion chambers are arranged. The movement of the rotor occurs because the combustion in the cylinders causes the linear movement caused to rotate because the pistons have different guiding means that force the rotor to rotate. Thus, CN103097661 discloses an internal combustion engine including a rotor formed by a block, a drive shaft and at least one piston assembly, in which all of them rotate together. It further comprises a stator including a housing, first and second rotary fixing means, in which the internal surfaces of the housing are provided with guides that delimit the path of each piston assembly and in which the inner end, close to the pivot axis of the piston assembly, includes a piston head located inside the block, which forms a combustion chamber, and the outer end of said piston assembly is in contact with the guides.

WO2011140155, meanwhile, describes an internal combustion engine in which there is a rotary block motor having unequal compression and expansion characteristics. The pistons transported inside the rotating block have rollers that roll through the inner surface of a guide that surrounds the rotating block. The rotating block is located eccentrically inside the guide, which makes the power and admission shocks unequal. The mechanisms exerted by the injection and exhaust functions are housed by a duct located in the center of the rotary block, around which the rotary block rotates. The conduit and the guide are fixed parts of the motor. The rotating block and the pistons are moving parts of the motor.

Similarly, WO2012032552 describes a rotary internal combustion engine that includes a rotor within which a plurality of pistons reciprocably slide within the respective cylinder. In the center of the rotor, the drive shaft rotates in turn, and is connected to the rotor via a reduction gear. The pistons, with their pin, are guided by a track, eccentric to the center of the rotor.

WO2014191781 describes an engine comprising a group of cylinder blocks mounted inside a housing on rotation supports with combustion chambers facing a center of rotation; an edge with a curvilinear, closed interior rail, which is in contact with pressure-supporting support rollers, mounted on pistons;

WO2015072956 discloses a rotary piston internal combustion engine containing a stator comprising an orbital curvilinear guide provided on its inner side. A rotor, capable of rotating with respect to the stator, is located in the stator. The combustion chambers are positioned symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor. In each combustion chamber, a piston is provided, connected to a support roller that moves along the path delimiting the orbital curvilinear guide due to the force exerted on the piston by the combustion in the chamber. This causes the rotary movement of the rotor.

The closest document found in relation to the object of the invention is the patent WO2015120530A1, which discloses an internal combustion engine with a radial arrangement of cylinders and pistons, the pistons having bolts that include cam followers that engage the surface of the piston. a cam drive guide for transferring reciprocating linear motion in rotary motion, in which between the piston rods and the motor housing are arranged sets of toothed rollers to provide a rolling interface. In this document, the general configuration of the motor object of the invention is disclosed.

The present invention proposes an internal combustion engine with a radial arrangement of cylinders and pistons whose arrangement is simpler than that of the engines discussed, which results in greater reliability due to the existence of fewer parts, need for less maintenance and therefore more economical both in maintenance and manufacturing, which also allows maximum energy use.

Explanation of the invention

The present invention consists of a combustion engine, which in particular performs a four-cycle Otto cycle, which is succinctly characterized by being formed by:

• An outer hollow cylindrical body, provided in different predetermined positions of feeding means, and exhaust means; said means including operating valves for opening and closing communication channels with the combustion chamber; and means of ignition, such as a spark plug; said means are repeated in as many angular positions as cycles per revolution have the motor.

• Lateral covers of said cylindrical body provided with guides on its inside face;

• A shaft for transmitting the rotational movement of the rotor, so that at least one of the side covers is provided with a through hole of said transmission shaft;

• A rotating block, shaped like a cylinder, which forms a set of inner cylinders, and which forms a rotor;

• Grooves made in the sides of each of the cylinders, said grooves being arranged radially with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor, parallel to the axes of the respective cylinders;

• A piston running through each of said cylinders, wherein the combustion chamber is defined between the part of the piston furthest from the center of rotation of the rotor and the inner surface of the outer hollow cylindrical body;

• A bolt that is attached to each of the pistons, and that emerges to opposite faces through the cylinder grooves;

In which the linear movement of the pistons is transmitted to the rotor by means of the action of the bolts on the guides provided in the side covers, and in which the guides, through the bolts, determine a radial position of the respective pistons in the rotor, depending on the position of rotation of said rotor, or, what is the same, the radial position of the rotor is determined by the position of the bolts, and this by the action of expansion in the combustion chamber moves the corresponding pistons, in the guides of the side covers.

The outer part of the motor consists of an outer body, constituted by a hollow cylinder-shaped part, whose inner surface is a polished surface, and according to an embodiment its outer surface is flapped to improve heat transmission and favor its cooling. As discussed above, the outer body is provided in different positions of feeding means, and escape means; said means including operating valves for opening and closing communication channels with the combustion chamber; and means of ignition, such as a spark plug.

A side cover attached to it is disposed on each side face of the outer body. At least one of the side covers has a central hole to allow the passage of the transmission shaft. Each side cover has a groove on its inner side that forms a guide. In a simpler embodiment of the invention, the guide has an ellipse shape, but in more advanced embodiments, the guide is preferably a star-shaped groove with rounded angles and lines. It is also envisaged that the covers may have holes or ports for the circulation of a cooling and / or lubricating medium. The assembly of the outer body with the covers are the static or fixed part of the engine.

Inside the inner body is the rotor. The rotor is a cylindrical part that has the cylinders machined therein, said cylinders being arranged radially. These cylinders form the combustion chambers of the engine. Preferably, the rotor is provided with a central hole for coupling a transmission shaft, for example with a keyway, although other joining means or the shaft is part of the same body of the rotor are within the scope of the invention. In this way, the mechanical power of the rotor is transmitted through the shaft joined together with it. Each of the cylinders extends radially from the outer edge of the rotor to a sufficient distance from the center of the rotor to allow the arrangement of the central hole, and in its case the means of lubrication and / or cooling.

Each of the cylinders is provided with a pair of guide grooves, parallel to the cylinder axis, one on each side of the rotor. The length of the guide grooves is at least the same as the piston travel between its top dead center and its bottom dead center;

A piston is disposed within each rotor cylinder. Each piston is joined together with a bolt through it. The bolt has a length greater than the thickness of the rotor, so that it passes through said rotor on both sides, projecting in each of them a dimension similar to the depth of the grooves forming the guides of the lateral covers. At each of the ends of the bolt protruding from the rotor, a sliding shoe running along the guide of the side covers can be arranged. The section of the pin between the surface of the piston and the runner runs through the groove-guide pin of the rotor. In this way the stroke of the piston is limited by the length of the bolt guide.

The pressure produced in each of the cylinders, between the piston head and the outer surface, by the combustion of the fuel, produces a push of the piston in the direction towards the axis of rotation of the rotor, and with it the bolt, which, for to be able to move longitudinally, it also requires lateral displacement (due to the shape of the guide of the lateral covers where the skate moves), which is only achieved by rotating the rotor. In this way, the bolt runners move along the guide, which also prevents their axial movement. The entire assembly is lubricated with the proper lubricant to prevent seizure.

In the simplest embodiment of the invention, where the guide of the side covers has an ellipse shape, each piston performs a complete cycle per turn. When the skate is at the first end of the minor axis of the ellipse, the piston is located at the bottom of the cylinder and the intake occurs. Next, when the skate is at the first end of the ellipse's major axis, the piston is located at the top of the cylinder producing compression. Next, the expansion and the escape are performed when the skate is at the second end of the minor axis of the ellipse and at the second end of the major axis of the ellipse respectively.

If the guide, instead of being an ellipse, is a star with rounded vertices (the curve equation is not an object of this invention), the number of points of the star will determine the number of cycles that each piston performs in each complete revolution. of the rotor. In particular, for a four-stroke engine and more than one cycle per lap, the number of spikes will be even.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to illustrate the explanation to be followed, we enclose six sheets of drawings in which, in eleven figures, the essence of the present invention according to a particular embodiment is represented by way of example and without limitation, and in which:

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the assembled motor;

Figure 2 shows an exploded view of the engine in which the different elements that form it are appreciated;

Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the motor rotor;

Figure 4 shows a section in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the motor rotor;

Figure 5 shows a perspective view of one of the pistons with the bolt and the runners;

Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the rotor of the engine in which the pistons are mounted with bolts and runners;

Figure 7 shows a section in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor of the engine in which the pistons are mounted with the bolts;

Figure 8 shows a perspective view of one of the covers of the engine in which its inner face is shown;

Figure 9 shows a front view of the inner face of one of the engine covers; Figure 10 shows a longitudinal section of a bolt with the skids;

Figure 11 shows a view of a configuration of the skid with a retainer preventing the excessive passage of oil through the bolt guide;

In these figures we can see the following reference signs:

10 External body

20 Side cover

21 Guide to the side covers

30 Rotor

31 Transmission shaft pitch hole

32 Cylinder

33 pin guide slot

34 Slots of transversal segments

35 Perimeter segment grooves

40 Piston

41 Bolon

42 Pin Skate

43 Pin retainer

44 Bolt cover

45 Bolt pressure washer

Description of the embodiments of the invention

In view of the aforementioned figures, and in accordance with the numbering adopted, it can be observed

in them an example of embodiment of the invention, which comprises the parts and elements that are

indicate and describe in detail below.

Thus, as shown in Figure 1, the outside of the engine consists of an outer body

(10) and two caps (20) arranged on both sides of said outer body (10). The outer body (10)

is a piece with a hollow cylinder shape, whose inner surface is a polished surface, and its

outer surface may be flapped to improve heat transmission and favor its

refrigeration, or arrange liquid cooling ducts. The lateral faces of the outer body

(10) comprise a plurality of threaded holes along the entire face.

A cover (20) is arranged on each side face of the outer body (10). These caps have a

set of holes coinciding with the threaded holes of the lateral faces of the outer body

(10) on which screws are inserted for fixing the side covers (20) on the body

outside (10). At least one of the side covers (20) has a central hole to allow the passage

of a transmission shaft. You can also arrange an additional hole (not shown in the

figures) for the passage of some cooling medium. In figure 1 you can see the assembly of the

motor with the side covers (20) fixed to the outer body (10). Both the outer body (10) and

the covers (20) constitute the fixed part of the motor, that is to say, it has no movement during the

engine operation.

The rotor (30) is located inside the outer body (10). Figure 2 shows an exploded view of the engine where the arrangement of the outer body (10), the side covers (20) and the rotor (30) are observed.

The rotor (30) is a cylindrical part that has the cylinders (32) machined therein, said cylinders (32) being arranged radially. Said cylinders (32) form the combustion chambers of the engine. The rotor also has a central hole (31) normally provided with a keyway or groove for coupling a drive shaft (not shown in the figures). In this way, the motor transmits the mechanical power of the rotor (30) through the shaft joined integrally to said rotor (30). Each of the cylinders (32) extends radially from the outer edge of the rotor (30) to a point located at a sufficient distance from the center of the rotor to allow the arrangement of the central hole (31), and in its case the means of corresponding lubrication. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the rotor (30) has six cylinders (32); it could, however, be arranged a greater or lesser number of cylinders, only by varying the relative dimensions of the elements, and reconfiguring the geometry of the cover guide.

A pair of guide grooves are formed which form the bolt guides (33) and which pass through the rotor (30), in opposite positions of each cylinder (32), said bolt guides (33) radially disposed in the rotor (30). ). The bolt guides (33) are grooves that pass through the side wall of the rotor (10) and communicate the cylinder (32) with the outer surface of said rotor (10). These bolt guides (33) coincide with the cylinders (32) (each cylinder has on both sides, parallel to its central axis two bolt guides).

The rotor (30), moreover, is provided with a set of grooves (34,35) for the insertion of the corresponding segments to seal the combustion chambers, which are located on the outer face of the rotor (30). These grooves (34,35) include a set of cross-section grooves (34) and a set of perimeter segment grooves (35). A perspective view of the rotor in which all the mentioned elements are shown is shown in figure 3. Figure 4 shows a section of the rotor (30) in which the arrangement of the cylinders (32), the hole can be observed central (31) the bolt guides (33) and the cross segment grooves (34).

A piston (40) is disposed within each cylinder (32) of the rotor (30). Each piston is joined integrally with a bolt (41) that passes through it diametrically, the bolt (41) protruding on each of the sides of the piston (40) a dimension similar to the depth of the grooves forming the guides (21) of the side covers Preferably, at each end of the bolt there is a shoe (42), which has the function of guide follower on the guide (21) of the side covers (20). The section of the bolt (41) between the surface of the piston (40) and the skid runs through the bolt guide (33) of the rotor (30). In this way the stroke of the piston (40) is delimited by the length of the bolt guide (33). Figure 5 shows the assembly of a piston (40) with the bolt (41) and the runners (42).

Figure 6 shows the rotor (30) in perspective with the pistons (40) mounted with their corresponding bolts (41) and runners (42). Figure 7 shows a section of the rotor (30) with the pistons (40) mounted with their corresponding bolts (41) and runners (42).

Each side cover (20) has machined on its inside face a guide (21). According to a particular embodiment, the guide (21) is a star-shaped groove with rounded lines and angles. The runners (42) of the bolt (41) move along the guide (21), which also prevents its axial movement. In the embodiment shown in the figures the guide (21) has a star shape with rounded angles, with four points, in which the positions furthest away from the axis of rotation correspond to the top dead center of the piston stroke, and the positions closer to the axis of rotation at its bottom dead center. Figure 8 shows a perspective view of the lid (20) in which the guide (21) of the inside face according to the example shown is observed. Figure 9 shows a front view of the inside face of the side cover (20), for a better appreciation of the shape of the guide (21).

The operation of the motor is based on the displacement of the runners (42) along the guide (21). When an explosion occurs in one of the cylinders (32), the bolt (41) moves along the bolt guide (33), which causes the piston (40) to push in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor (30), and with it the bolt (41), which, to be able to move longitudinally, also requires lateral displacement (due to the shape of the guide (21) of the lateral covers through which the skate moves (42) ), which it only achieves by rotating the rotor.

In the embodiment shown in the figures, each piston (40) performs two complete cycles per revolution. The piston (40) is at its top dead center when the shoe (42) is in the position of the guide (21) furthest from the axis of rotation of the rotor (30). The movement of the piston (40) to its bottom dead center during the first intake phase is performed while the skate (42) moves from the previous position to the next position of the guide (21) closest to the axis of rotation of the rotor (30) The movement of the piston (40) back to its top dead center in the compression phase, induces the movement of the shoe (42) to the next position of the guide (21) furthest from the axis of rotation of the rotor (30). Then, the movement of the piston (40) back to its bottom dead center in the explosion phase, induces the movement of the skate (42) to the next position of the guide (21) closest to the axis of rotation of the rotor ( 30). Finally, the movement of the piston (40) to its top dead center in the ejection phase, induces the movement of the shoe (42) to the next position of the guide (21) furthest from the axis of rotation of the rotor (30). During the combustion cycle of a piston, each skate (42) runs through the middle of the guide (21) of the side covers (20).

In the outer body (10), the intake valves, exhaust valves, injectors and other elements necessary for the operation of the engine (not shown in the figures) are arranged.

A particular embodiment of the assembly of the bolt (41) and the runners (42) is shown in figure 10. It shows how the runners (42) are disposed at the ends of the bolt (41). At the inner end of the shoe (42) a retainer (43) is arranged, for example, welded or screwed to the shoe (42), to prevent excessive passage of oil through the pin guide (33). On the outside of the skate (42) a cover (44) normally screwed is arranged. Between the cover (44) and the shoe (42) a pressure washer (45) is arranged to move the shoe (42) in the opposite direction to the cover (44) and prevent together with the cover (44) the excessive passage of oil to the cylinders (32).

In a particular embodiment shown in Figure 11, the detents (43) have an elongated and wider shape at the front, as well as the skid (42), which is also wider at the front than at the rear for facilitate the rotation in the angles of the guide for a smooth follow-up.

Claims (1)

Combustion motor with cylinder block cylinder block comprising: • An outer body (10), hollow cylindrical; • A rotating block forming a rotor (30), which has a cylindrical shape, in which a set of cylinders (32), which house respective pistons (40), are radially formed; • wherein the combustion chamber is defined between the part of the piston (40) furthest from the center of rotation of the rotor and the inner surface of the hollow cylindrical outer body (10); • A drive shaft for the rotation of the rotor; Characterized by understanding, in addition: • Side covers (20) of said cylindrical body provided with guides (21) on its inner side facing the rotor (30); • Bolts (41) passing through a portion of the pistons (40), said bolts (41) having a length greater than the thickness of the rotor (30); • A set of bolt guide grooves (33) made in the rotor (30), on the sides of each of the cylinders (32), which communicate the inside of the cylinders with the outer surface of said rotor (30) ; said grooves being parallel to the axis of the respective cylinders (32); • so that said bolts (41) pass through the guide grooves (33) and their ends are inserted in the guides (21) of the side covers (20); • in which the guides (21), through the pins (41), determine a radial position of the respective pistons (40) in the rotor (30), as a function of the rotational position of said rotor (30). Combustion motor with cylinder block swivel block, according to claim 1, characterized in that in a single cycle motor per revolution the guide has the shape of an ellipse. Combustion motor with cylinder block swivel block, according to claim 1, characterized in that in a motor with more than one cycle per turn, the guide has a star shape with rounded corners. 4. - Combustion motor with cylinder block rotary block, according to claim 3, characterized in that in a four-stroke engine, the number of vertices is even. 5. - Combustion engine with cylinder block swivel block, according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outer body is provided in predetermined positions of feeding means, exhaust means, and means of ignition, and because said means are repeated in as many angular positions as cycles per revolution the motor has. 6. - Combustion engine with cylinder block swivel block, according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the outer body is provided with supply and exhaust valves. 7. - Combustion engine with cylinder block swivel block, according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the bolts (41) are provided at their ends sliding skids on the guides (21). 8. - Combustion engine with cylinder block swivel block, according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the bolts (41) are provided with seals. 9. - Combustion motor with cylinder block rotary block, according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cylindrical surface of the rotor (30) is provided with a set of grooves for housing sealing segments. 10. - Combustion motor with cylinder block rotary block, according to claim 9, characterized in that the grooves for housing the sealing segments are perimetral and transverse.