ES2698698B2

ES2698698B2 - MOLD FOR OVEN MANUFACTURING, OVEN MANUFACTURING PROCESS WITH SUCH MOLD, AND OVEN OBTAINED

Info

Publication number: ES2698698B2
Application number: ES201731005A
Authority: ES
Inventors: Redondo Roberto Puente
Original assignee: ALFARERIA ROSA S L
Current assignee: ALFARERIA ROSA S L
Priority date: 2017-08-02
Filing date: 2017-08-02
Publication date: 2020-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-02
Also published as: ES2698698A1

Description

DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION

MOLDE PARA LA FABRICACION DE HORNOS, PROCESO DE FABRICACIÓN DE HORNOS CON DICHO MOLDE, Y HORNO OBTENIDOMOLD FOR OVEN MANUFACTURING, OVEN MANUFACTURING PROCESS WITH SUCH MOLD, AND OVEN OBTAINED

OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

La invención, tal como expresa el enunciado de la presente memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un molde para la fabricación de hornos, a un proceso de fabricación de hornos con dicho molde, y al horno obtenido, todo lo cual aporta ventajas y características, que se describirán en detalle más adelante, que suponen una destacable novedad en el estado actual de la técnica.The invention, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, refers to a mold for the manufacture of furnaces, to a process of manufacturing furnaces with said mold, and to the furnace obtained, all of which provide advantages and characteristics, which they will be described in detail later, which represent a remarkable novelty in the current state of the art.

Más en particular, el objeto de la invención se centra en un molde ideado específicamente para fabricar hornos, hornillas u otros elementos similares de barro, en especial los aplicables para cocinar alimentos aunque sin que ello suponga una limitación, cuya principal ventaja es que permite fabricarlos de una sola pieza, sin la existencia de uniones en tales elementos destinados a ser expuestos al calor, evitando la posibilidad de fugas de calor así como la formación de posibles fisuras, como ocurre con los hornos fabricados hasta ahora, siendo asimismo objeto de la presente invención el procedimiento de fabricación del horno con dicho molde y el horno obtenido con dicho proceso.More particularly, the object of the invention focuses on a mold specifically designed to manufacture ovens, burners or other similar clay elements, especially those applicable to cooking food, although without this being a limitation, the main advantage of which is that it allows them to be manufactured. in a single piece, without the existence of joints in such elements intended to be exposed to heat, avoiding the possibility of heat leakage as well as the formation of possible cracks, as occurs with furnaces manufactured up to now, also being the subject of this Invention the manufacturing process of the oven with said mold and the oven obtained with said process.

CAMPO DE APLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNFIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

El campo de aplicación de la presente invención se enmarca dentro del sector de la industria destinada a la fabricación de hornos, centrándose particularmente en el ámbito de los hornos de barro.The field of application of the present invention falls within the sector of the industry for the manufacture of furnaces, with a particular focus on the field of clay furnaces.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Como referencia al estado actual de la técnica, cabe señalar que, al menos por parte del solicitante, se desconoce la existencia de ningún otro molde, proceso ni horno de aplicación similar que presenten unas características técnicas, estructurales y constitutivas iguales o semejantes a los que aquí se reivindica. As a reference to the current state of the art, it should be noted that, at least on the part of the applicant, the existence of any other mold, process or furnace with a similar application that have the same or similar technical, structural and constitutive characteristics is unknown. here it is claimed.

El problema que existe actualmente y que la presente invención pretende resolver es que, aunque son ampliamente conocidos todo tipo de hornos fabricados en diferentes materiales, también de barro, la fabricación tradicional de estos últimos conlleva la existencia de uniones entre diferentes piezas, las cuales, al ser expuesto el horno a la acción del calor tras el uso, son susceptibles de sufrir fisuras por la contracción y dilatación sucesiva del material, lo cual, a su vez, conlleva a la fuga de calor y, consecuentemente, a un mal funcionamiento del horno y, lo que es peor, a un progresiva debilidad de las paredes del mismo.The problem that currently exists and that the present invention seeks to solve is that, although all kinds of furnaces made of different materials, including clay, are widely known, the traditional manufacture of the latter involves the existence of unions between different parts, which, As the oven is exposed to the action of heat after use, they are susceptible to cracks due to the contraction and successive expansion of the material, which, in turn, leads to heat leakage and, consequently, to a malfunction of the oven and, what is worse, a progressive weakness of the walls of the same.

EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNEXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

Así, el molde para la fabricación de hornos, el proceso de fabricación de hornos con dicho molde, y el horno obtenido que la invención propone se configuran como una destacable novedad dentro de su campo de aplicación, ya que a tenor de su implementación y de manera taxativa se alcanzan satisfactoriamente los objetivos anteriormente, estando los detalles caracterizadores que los distinguen, convenientemente recogidos en las reivindicaciones finales que acompañan a la presente descripción del mismo.Thus, the mold for the manufacture of furnaces, the furnace manufacturing process with said mold, and the obtained furnace that the invention proposes are configured as a remarkable novelty within its field of application, since according to its implementation and the objectives above are satisfactorily achieved, the characterizing details that distinguish them being conveniently included in the final claims that accompany the present description thereof.

Más concretamente, lo que la invención propone, tal y como se ha apuntado anteriormente, es, por una parte, un molde dotado específicamente de características y técnicas, estructurales para fabricar hornos de barro, u otros elementos similares de barro para cocer alimentos, permitiendo poder fabricarlos de una sola pieza, es decir, sin que existan uniones entre distintas piezas, proporcionando la ventaja de evitar la formación de posibles fisuras y la posibilidad de fugas.More specifically, what the invention proposes, as previously pointed out, is, on the one hand, a mold specifically endowed with structural characteristics and techniques, for making clay ovens, or other similar clay elements for cooking food, allowing to be able to manufacture them in a single piece, that is, without the existence of joints between different pieces, providing the advantage of avoiding the formation of possible cracks and the possibility of leaks.

Para ello, dicho molde se distingue, esencialmente, por estar conformado a partir de una pluralidad de piezas acoplables entre sí que, una vez montadas, definen superiormente la silueta de la parte interior del horno a fabricar, dejando ya el hueco de puerta de acceso, que es, posteriormente, por donde se sacan, de nuevo desmontadas, las piezas del molde.For this, said mold is distinguished, essentially, by being formed from a plurality of interlocking parts that, once assembled, define superiorly the silhouette of the interior part of the oven to be manufactured, leaving the access door opening. , which is, later, where the mold parts are removed, again disassembled.

Conviene señalar aquí que la forma y tamaño del horno son variables, si bien, en cualquier caso siempre define un habitáculo hueco que comprende una base plana y una cúpula abovedada en la que se encuentra el mencionado hueco de acceso.It should be noted here that the shape and size of the oven are variable, although, in any case, it always defines a hollow compartment that includes a flat base and a domed dome in which the mentioned access hole is located.

Para la unión de las distintas piezas del molde, éstas cuentan con uno o más medios de anclaje, los cuales, preferentemente, comprenden unas bisagras que permiten la unión articulada entre las distintas piezas, una estructura interior a la que se acoplan las piezas sirviendo de soporte y de guía para su correcta colocación, y tornillería con que se fijan las piezas a dicha estructura.For the union of the different pieces of the mold, they have one or more means of anchorage, which preferably comprise hinges that allow the articulated union between the different pieces, an internal structure to which the pieces are attached serving as a support and guide for their correct placement, and screws with which the pieces are fixed to said structure.

Opcionalmente, además, las piezas del molde cuentan con medios de sujeción interiores, por ejemplo ganchos, para facilitar la extracción de las mismas a través del hueco de puerta del horno, una vez realizado este.Optionally, in addition, the mold parts have internal fastening means, for example hooks, to facilitate their extraction through the door opening of the oven, once this is done.

Para facilitar la formación del molde, las piezas que lo forman pueden estar numeradas en caso de que cada una corresponda a una parte concreta del horno, o pueden ser simétricas y alternarse entre sí en distintas posiciones.To facilitate the formation of the mold, the pieces that make it up can be numbered if each one corresponds to a specific part of the oven, or they can be symmetrical and alternate with each other in different positions.

Un segundo aspecto de la presente invención se refiere al procedimiento de fabricación del horno de barro con el molde descrito, el cual comprende, esencialmente, las siguientes etapas:A second aspect of the present invention refers to the manufacturing process of the clay oven with the described mold, which essentially comprises the following steps:

En primer lugar, se confecciona con barro la base del horno.First, the base of the oven is made with clay.

Sobre dicha base, y previamente al secado completo del barro con que se ha confeccionado, se coloca el molde, montando las diferentes piezas que lo forman, en la realización preferida, uniéndolas entre sí con las bisagras, y con tornillería a la estructura interior de soporte y guía.On said base, and prior to the complete drying of the clay with which it has been made, the mold is placed, assembling the different pieces that form it, in the preferred embodiment, joining them together with the hinges, and with screws to the interior structure of support and guide.

Una vez montado el molde sobre la base de barro, con todas sus piezas unidas entre sí convenientemente, se comienza a poner barro alrededor y por encima de la cúpula abovedada que definen dichas piezas del molde una vez montadas hasta cubrirla totalmente fundiéndose con la base sobre la que se encuentra, para lo cual dicha base, preferentemente, se confecciona de modo que sobresale perimetralmente al molde formando un alero.Once the mold is assembled on the clay base, with all its parts connected to each other conveniently, mud begins to be placed around and above the domed dome that define these mold parts once assembled until they completely cover it, melting with the base on the one found, for which said base is preferably made so that it protrudes perimetrically from the mold forming an eave.

Una vez completada esta labor, comenzara el proceso de secado del horno, que puede ser forzado o no, y cuya duración vendrá determinada por las dimensiones y grosor del mismo en cada caso. Once this work is completed, the oven drying process will begin, which can be forced or not, and whose duration will be determined by its dimensions and thickness in each case.

Una vez seco, o casi seco, el barro, se procede al desmontaje de las piezas que forman el molde, y a la extracción de las mismas a través del hueco de puerta del horno, para lo cual, en primer lugar se desmonta la tornillería que fija las piezas a la estructura de soporte y guía, se extrae dicha estructura, que también está costa de varios segmentos, y, seguidamente, se desmontan las bisagras que unen las piezas del molde entre sí, despegándose de la pared interior de horno y extrayéndose una a una a través del hueco de puerta del horno.Once the mud is dry, or almost dry, the parts that make up the mold are disassembled, and their extraction is made through the oven door opening, for which, firstly, the screws that are removed are removed. fixes the pieces to the support and guide structure, said structure is removed, which is also at the cost of several segments, and then the hinges that join the mold parts to each other are removed, detached from the interior wall of the oven and removed one by one through the oven door opening.

Finalmente, se procede a la limpieza de las piezas que conforman el molde para permitir el uso del mismo en la fabricación de un nuevo horno, comenzado de nuevo todo el proceso.Finally, the parts that make up the mold are cleaned to allow their use in the manufacture of a new oven, and the entire process has begun again.

Por último, un tercer aspecto de la invención hace referencia al horno de barro obtenido con el descrito molde y del descrito procedimiento de fabricación, el cual, siendo, como se ha dicho, de forma y tamaño variables que en todo caso define un habitáculo hueco que comprende una base plana y una cúpula abovedada con un hueco de acceso, se caracteriza por estar conformado a partir de una sola y única pieza de barro, sin uniones de ningún tipo.Finally, a third aspect of the invention refers to the clay oven obtained with the described mold and the described manufacturing procedure, which, being, as has been said, of variable shape and size that in any case defines a hollow interior comprising a flat base and a domed dome with an access hole, it is characterized by being made from a single and unique piece of clay, without joints of any kind.

Visto lo que antecede, se constata que el descrito molde para la fabricación de hornos, proceso de fabricación de hornos con dicho molde, y horno obtenido representan innovaciones de características técnicas estructurales y constitutivas desconocidas hasta ahora para el fin a que se destina, razones que unidas a su utilidad práctica, les dotan de fundamento suficiente para obtener el privilegio de exclusividad que se solicita.In view of the foregoing, it is verified that the described mold for the manufacture of furnaces, the furnace manufacturing process with said mold, and the furnace obtained represent innovations of structural and constitutive technical characteristics hitherto unknown for the purpose for which it is intended, reasons that together with their practical usefulness, they provide them with sufficient grounds to obtain the exclusive privilege that is requested.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, de un juego de planos, en los que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present descriptive memory is attached, as an integral part thereof, to a set of plans, in which with character illustrative and not limiting the following has been represented:

La figura número 1.- Muestra una vista en planta inferior de un ejemplo de realización del molde para la fabricación de hornos, objeto de la invención, apreciándose su configuración desde dicha parte inferior y las principales partes y elementos que comprende. Figure number 1.- Shows a bottom plan view of an example of embodiment of the mold for the manufacture of furnaces, object of the invention, its configuration being appreciated from said lower part and the main parts and elements it comprises.

La figura número 2.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva superior del ejemplo del molde de la invención mostrado en la figura 1, apreciándose en este caso su configuración y su disposición sobre la base del horno, en fase previa a la fabricación de la cúpula del mismo sobre dicho molde.Figure number 2.- Shows a top perspective view of the example of the mold of the invention shown in Figure 1, showing in this case its configuration and its arrangement on the base of the oven, in a phase prior to the manufacture of the dome of the same on said mold.

Y la figura número 3.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva superior del molde, según la invención, una vez efectuada la fabricación de la cúpula del horno sobre el mismo, apreciándose su configuración de una sola pieza sin uniones.And figure number 3.- Shows a top perspective view of the mold, according to the invention, once the furnace dome has been manufactured on it, showing its one-piece configuration without joints.

REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

A la vista de las mencionadas figuras, y de acuerdo con la numeración adoptada, se puede apreciar en ellas un ejemplo de realización no limitativa del molde para la fabricación de hornos preconizado, así como del horno obtenido, los cuales comprenden las partes y elementos que se indican y describen en detalle a continuación.In view of the aforementioned figures, and according to the numbering adopted, an example of non-limiting embodiment of the mold for the manufacture of recommended ovens, as well as the obtained oven, which comprise the parts and elements that they are indicated and described in detail below.

Así, tal como se observa en las figuras 1 y 2, el molde (1) en cuestión se distingue, esencialmente, por estar conformado a partir de una pluralidad de piezas (2) acoplables entre sí que, una vez montadas, definen superiormente la silueta de la parte interior del horno (3) de barro a fabricar y su hueco (4) de acceso.Thus, as seen in Figures 1 and 2, the mold (1) in question is distinguished, essentially, by being formed from a plurality of pieces (2) that can be coupled together, which, once assembled, define the upper part of the silhouette of the interior part of the clay oven (3) to be manufactured and its access hole (4).

Para la unión de dicha piezas (2), éstas cuentan con unos medios de anclaje, los cuales, preferentemente, comprenden bisagras (5) que permiten la unión articulada entre las distintas piezas (2) y una estructura interior (6) de soporte y guía a la que se acoplan las piezas (2) fijadas mediante tornillos (7), estando dicha estructura interior (6) formada, a su vez, por varios segmentos igualmente desmontables. En todo caso las piezas (2) y los segmentos de la estructura (6) tienen un tamaño apto para poder atravesar el hueco (4) de acceso del horno (3) a fabricar.For the union of said parts (2), these have anchoring means, which preferably comprise hinges (5) that allow the articulated union between the different parts (2) and an internal support structure (6) and guide to which the parts (2) fixed by means of screws (7) are attached, said inner structure (6) being, in turn, formed by several equally removable segments. In any case, the pieces (2) and the segments of the structure (6) have a suitable size to be able to cross the access hole (4) of the oven (3) to be manufactured.

Opcionalmente, además, las piezas (2) del molde (1) y los segmentos de la estructura interior (6) cuentan interiormente con medios de sujeción (8), por ejemplo ganchos, para facilitar su extracción a través del hueco (4) de acceso del horno (3). Optionally, in addition, the pieces (2) of the mold (1) and the segments of the inner structure (6) have internally holding means (8), for example hooks, to facilitate their extraction through the hole (4) of oven access (3).

Además, las piezas (2) del molde (1) pueden ser todas distintas, de manera que cada una corresponde solo a una parte concreta del horno (3), para lo cual pueden estar numeradas y facilitar así su montaje, o pueden ser simétricas y alternarse entre sí en distintas posiciones.Furthermore, the pieces (2) of the mold (1) can all be different, so that each one corresponds only to a specific part of the oven (3), for which they can be numbered and thus facilitate their assembly, or they can be symmetrical and alternate with each other in different positions.

Atendiendo a la figura 3, se observa el horno (3) una vez realizado, en su fase previa a la extracción de las piezas (2) que forman el molde (1), apreciándose que, independientemente de su forma y tamaño que pueden ser variables, está conformado por una sola y única pieza de barro, sin uniones de ningún tipo, la cual define un habitáculo hueco con una base plana (3a) y una cúpula abovedada (3b) donde se encuentra el hueco (4) de acceso a su interior.Referring to figure 3, the oven (3) is observed once it has been made, in its phase prior to the extraction of the pieces (2) that make up the mold (1), showing that, regardless of their shape and size, which may be variables, it is made up of a single and unique piece of clay, without joints of any kind, which defines a hollow interior with a flat base (3a) and a domed dome (3b) where the access hole (4) is located. its interior.

Preferentemente, la base (3a) determina un alero perimetral que sobresale a la cúpula abovedada (3b) al ser de mayor dimensión perimetral que el molde (1).Preferably, the base (3a) determines a perimeter eave that protrudes from the domed dome (3b) as it is of greater perimeter dimension than the mold (1).

Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la presente invención, así como la manera de ponerla en práctica, no se considera necesario hacer más extensa su explicación para que cualquier experto en la materia comprenda su alcance y las ventajas que de ella se derivan, haciéndose constar que, dentro de su esencialidad, podrá ser llevada a la práctica en otras formas de realización que difieran en detalle de la indicada a título de ejemplo, y a las cuales alcanzará igualmente la protección que se recaba siempre que no se altere, cambie o modifique su principio fundamental. Once the nature of the present invention has been described, as well as the way to put it into practice, it is not considered necessary to make its explanation more extensive so that any expert in the matter understands its scope and the advantages derived from it, stating that: within its essentiality, it may be put into practice in other forms of implementation that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and which will also achieve the protection that is provided provided that its fundamental principle is not altered, changed or modified .

Claims

1. - MOLD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF OVENS, in particular clay ovens (3), or other similar clay elements for cooking food, of which, being of variable shape and size, define a hollow interior comprising a flat base ( 3a) and a domed dome (3b) with an access hole (4), characterized in that said mold (1) is formed from a plurality of pieces (2) that can be coupled to each other, which, once assembled, define the silhouette superiorly of the interior part of the clay oven (3) to be manufactured and its access hole (4), said pieces (2) being of a size suitable to be able to pass through the access hole (4) of the oven (3) to be manufactured.

2. - MOLD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF OVENS, according to claim 1, where the pieces (2) have anchoring means for joining them.

3. - MOLD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF OVENS, according to claim 2, wherein the anchoring means for the union of the parts (2) comprise hinges (5) that allow the articulated union between the different parts (2) and an internal structure (6) of support and guide to which the parts (2) fixed by means of screws (7) are attached.

4. - MOLD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF OVENS, according to claim 3, where the interior structure (6) is, in turn, made up of several removable segments that have a size suitable to be able to cross the access hole (4) of the oven (3) to manufacture.

5. - MOLD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF OVENS, according to any of claims 3 or 4, where the parts (2) of the mold (1) and the internal structure (6), have internally holding means (8) to facilitate their extraction through the access hole (4) of the oven (3).

6. - MOLD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF OVENS, according to any of claims 1 to 5, where the pieces (2) are all different, so that each corresponds only to a specific part of the oven (3).

7.- MOLD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF OVENS, according to any of claims 1 to 5, where the pieces (2) are symmetrical and can alternate with each other in different positions.

8. - OVEN MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE, with a mold (1) as described in any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

- the flat base (3a) of the oven (3) to be manufactured is made with mud;

- on said base (3a), and prior to the complete drying of the clay with which it has been made, the mold (1) is placed, assembling the pieces (2) that form it;

- once the mold (1) is mounted on the clay base (3a), mud begins to be placed around and above the domed dome that define the pieces (2) of the mold (1) once assembled, until it is completely covered merging with the base (3a) on which it is located;

- once this work is completed, the oven drying process begins, forced or not, and of a duration determined by the dimensions and thickness of the oven (3) in each case;

- once the mud is dry or almost dry, the parts (2) are removed from the mold (1) and their extraction is made through the access hole (4).

9. - OVEN MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE, according to claim 8, wherein the flat base (3a) is made so that it protrudes perimetrically from the mold (1) forming an eave.

10. - OVEN obtained following the procedure described in any of claims 8 or 9, using a mold (1) as described in any of claims 1 to 7, which, consisting of a clay oven (3), or other similar clay elements for cooking food, of variable shape and size that define a hollow interior comprising a flat base (3a) and a domed dome (3b) with an access hole (4), characterized by being made up of a single and the only piece of clay, without unions of any kind, which defines said hollow interior with the flat base (3a) and the vaulted dome (3b) where the access hollow (4) is located.

11. OVEN, according to claim 10, where the flat base (3a) determines a perimeter eaves that protrudes from the domed dome (3b).