ES2677607B1 - Direct implant dental implantology design and obtaining procedure - Google Patents
Direct implant dental implantology design and obtaining procedure Download PDFInfo
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- ES2677607B1 ES2677607B1 ES201700118A ES201700118A ES2677607B1 ES 2677607 B1 ES2677607 B1 ES 2677607B1 ES 201700118 A ES201700118 A ES 201700118A ES 201700118 A ES201700118 A ES 201700118A ES 2677607 B1 ES2677607 B1 ES 2677607B1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
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Description
DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
Diseno de im p lan to^a dental de carga directa y procedimiento de obtencion.Dental implant design for direct loading and obtaining procedure.
Objeto y campo de la invencionObject and field of the invention
El objeto ^ de la presente solicitud de Patente de Invencion, como su enunciado indica, se refiere a un sistema de implantolog^a dental de carga directa. Este sistema es aplicable principalmente a procedimientos post extraction, no obstante, se puede adaptar a cualquier procedimiento de implantologia dental diferido, ademas, garantiza una recuperation del paciente en un periodo de tiempo menor al actual, sin comprometer la efectividad del producto. La invencion propuesta 'tiene por objeto la fijacion del implante sin necesidad de abrasion o mecanizado de la cavidad osea maxilar.The object ^ of the present invention patent application, as its statement indicates, refers to a dental direct implantology system. This system is mainly applicable to post-extraction procedures, however, it can be adapted to any deferred dental implant procedure, in addition, it guarantees a recovery of the patient in a shorter period of time than today, without compromising the effectiveness of the product. The object of the proposed invention is to fix the implant without the need for abrasion or machining of the maxillary bone cavity.
Estado de la tecnica anteriorState of the prior art
Existen multitud de sistemas de implantologia dental, ya sean subpenosticos u osteointegrados, cilmdricos o conicos, de conexion interna o externa, 'con diferentes acabados superficiales y diferentes tratamientos que favorecen la recuperacion.There are many dental implantology systems, either subpenostic or osseointegrated, cylindrical or conical, with internal or external connection, with different surface finishes and different treatments that favor recovery.
Los implantes dentales de uso comun se componen generalmente de un cuerpo de implante roscado externamente, destinado a ser instalado por roscado en el hueso maxilar, sobre el que se anade un nucleo de incrustation o pilar, destinado a sujetar el cuerpo del implante.Commonly used dental implants are generally composed of an externally threaded implant body, intended to be threaded into the maxillary bone, on which an incrustation core or abutment is attached, intended to hold the implant body.
Los problemas de los sistemas actuales principalmente son dos:The problems of the current systems are mainly two:
a) El tiempo de recuperacion del paciente es muy largo ya que, la invasion que se realiza es alta, ademas, no en todos los casos, durante el periodo de recuperacion el resultado estetico es el exigible por el paciente.a) The recovery time of the patient is very long since, the invasion is high, in addition, not in all cases, during the recovery period the aesthetic result is required by the patient.
b) Desde el comienzo de estos procedimientos, se han conseguido grandes mejoras, pero todas siguiendo la misma lmea, es decir, sin replantearse el concepto y sin incluir grandes avances tecnicos que se han producido en estos ultimos anos y que se seguiran produciendo y mejoraran este procedimiento.b) Since the beginning of these procedures, great improvements have been achieved, but all following the same line, that is, without rethinking the concept and without including great technical advances that have taken place in recent years and that will continue to be produced and improved this procedure.
Por citar algun ejemplo, el documento US2013233456 se refiere a un material metalico que tiene un gradiente de elasticidad desde su superficie' externa a la interna, detallando un procedimiento termomecanico para su obtencion a partir de diversas aleaciones de materiales (composites), como Ti-Nb, con modulos de elasticidad (modulo de Young) en el entorno de 90 a 110 Gpa. Su objeto es conseguir en la parte externa del implante una deformabilidad (elasticidad) similar a la del hueso, a fin de evitar ' tensiones y la consiguiente deformation del hueso durante el masticado. Sin embargo el problema de la fijacion se resuelve mediante roscado sobre el hueso maxilar, no describiendo otras alternativas no invasivas o abrasivas. Descripcion detallada de la invencion To cite some example, document US2013233456 refers to a metal material having a gradient of elasticity from its surface external to internal, detailing a thermomechanical process for its obtaining from various alloys of materials (composites), such as Ti- Nb, with modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus) in the environment of 90 to 110 Gpa. Its purpose is to obtain a deformability (elasticity) similar to that of bone in the external part of the implant, in order to avoid stresses and the consequent deformation of the bone during chewing. However, the problem of fixation is solved by threading on the maxillary bone, not describing other non-invasive or abrasive alternatives. Detailed description of the invention
La invencion constituye una simplification de los actuales sistemas de implantologia dental. Se constituye en varias partes que, unidas, son anatomicamente iguales al diente que el paciente perdio y, por otro lado, se utiliza la dilatation del material implantado para conseguir una prefijacion del implante mientras se produce la osteointegracion, lo que evita tener que taladrar el hueso, tal y como ocurre con los actuales sistemas, evitando asi una invasion mayor en el paciente y un tiempo de cura muy prolongado. The invention constitutes a simplification of the current dental implantology systems. It is constituted in several parts that, together, are anatomically equal to the tooth that the patient lost and, on the other hand, the dilatation of the implanted material is used to achieve a pre-fixation of the implant while the osseointegration takes place, which avoids having to drill the bone, as occurs with current systems, thus avoiding a greater invasion in the patient and a very long healing time.
A continuacion, se describen en detalle cada una de las piezas que intervienen en el conjunto: Implante, pilar y corona.Next, each of the parts that intervene in the set is described in detail: Implant, pillar and crown.
El implante es la pieza que se introduce en la cavidad alveolar. Con el fin de conseguir la osteointegracion del implante con el hueso del maxilar o de la mandfoula, durante el periodo de tiempo que transcurre desde la intervencion hasta que el implante queda totalmente integrado en el cuerpo, es necesaria una prefijacion que evite que el implante se mueva o caiga de su posicion correcta. Dado que el objetivo es la, minima invasion posible en el paciente, el implante se fabrica con la geometria particular de la cavidad alveolar del paciente; se somete a un proceso termico de contraccion mediante enfriamiento y se coloca en la cavidad alveolar. Una vez posicionado, el propio calor del cuerpo humano hace que el material dilate, ejerciendo asi la presion justa y necesaria sobre el hueso de las paredes de la cavidad alveolar, a fin de producir una prefijacion lo suficientemente fuerte como para que el implante sea funcional desde el primer momento.The implant is the piece that is inserted into the alveolar cavity. In order to achieve the osseointegration of the implant with the bone of the maxilla or the mandible, during the period of time that elapses from the intervention until the implant is fully integrated into the body, a pre-fixation is necessary to prevent the implant from being implanted. move or fall from its correct position. Since the objective is the minimum possible invasion in the patient, the implant is manufactured with the particular geometry of the alveolar cavity of the patient; It undergoes a thermal shrinkage process by cooling and is placed in the alveolar cavity. Once positioned, the very heat of the human body causes the material to expand, thus exerting just and necessary pressure on the bone of the walls of the alveolar cavity, in order to produce a sufficiently strong prefixation for the implant to be functional From the first moment.
Cuando se hace referencia a la topografia del implante se refiere a su superficie, es decir, al area que estara en contacto con el hueso de la cavidad alveolar. Esta superficie es recomendable tratarla para que tenga cierta rugosidad, evitando que sea pulida, ya que esta demostrado que la rugosidad favorece el proceso de osteointegracion. A este respecto tambien se puede aumentar la superficie de contacto mediante el diseno distribuido a lo largo de toda ella de pequenos "hoyuelos". Este acabado superficial podria ser semejante al acabado que tiene una pelota de golf. Este acabado supone una mejora en la adherencia puesto que, el conjunto basa su eficacia en la presion y la friccion que el mismo genera para evitar la movilidad del implante. Por otro lado son superficies que se tratan con productos bioactivos que favorecen la cura de la zona y la pronta recuperacion del paciente.When reference is made to the topography of the implant, it refers to its surface, that is, to the area that will be in contact with the bone of the alveolar cavity. This surface is advisable to treat it so that it has a certain roughness, avoiding polishing, since it is demonstrated that the roughness favors the osseointegration process. In this respect, the contact surface can also be increased by means of the design distributed throughout it with small "dimples". This surface finish could be similar to the finish of a golf ball. This finish supposes an improvement in the adherence since, the set bases its effectiveness in the pressure and the friction that the same generates to avoid the mobility of the implant. On the other hand are surfaces that are treated with bioactive products that favor the healing of the area and the prompt recovery of the patient.
El pilar es la pieza de union entre el implante y la corona. Es interior y se une al implante mediante rosca y a la corona mediante "Click" gracias a dos anillos situados en la parte media del pilar y en la parte cercana al extremo correspondiente a' la corona. Por otro lado, en este mismo extremo, el diseno permite su colocacion impidiendo su retirada gracias a la geometria con la que esta disenada, ligeramente de mayor diametro en el extremo que en el cuello.The pillar is the connecting piece between the implant and the crown. It is internal and is attached to the implant by means of a thread and to the crown by means of "Click" thanks to two rings located in the middle part of the abutment and in the part near the end corresponding to the crown. On the other hand, in this same extreme, the design allows its placement preventing its removal thanks to the geometry with which it is designed, slightly larger diameter at the end than in the neck.
Dada la finalidad de esta pieza, se debe fabricar en el mismo material que el implante, ya que, su objetivo, entre otros, es evitar el deterioro del implante por accion de la oxidacion galvanica. Al ser del mismo material ambas piezas en contacto, se evita la aparicion de este incomodo problema, asegurandose asi de que cumple todos los parametros y requisitos necesarios para realizar su funcion.Given the purpose of this piece, it must be manufactured in the same material as the implant, since its objective, among others, is to prevent the deterioration of the implant by galvanic oxidation. Being the same material both pieces in contact, the appearance of this uncomfortable problem is avoided, thus ensuring that it meets all the parameters and requirements necessary to perform its function.
En el caso del pilar, al ser una pieza que no va a interactuar de manera directa con el cuerpo humano, el acabado superficial es menos importante, siempre y cuando cumpla con las tolerancias necesarias y no provoque reacciones alergicas al paciente.In the case of the pillar, being a piece that will not interact directly with the human body, the surface finish is less important, as long as it complies with the necessary tolerances and does not cause allergic reactions to the patient.
En una realizacion la corona se une al implante mediante el pilar. Posee una base hexagonal que se introduce dentro 'del implante para evitar- el giro relativo de uno con otro, aportando una estabilidad optima para poder utilizar el implante desde el primer momento, sin miedo a posibles problemas futuros. Por otro lado, al continuar con la morfologia de un diente natural, permite que la enda se adhiera a la corona, evitando problemas de endas como la piorrea, tal y como ocurre con los implantes que hay en el mercado.In one embodiment the crown is attached to the implant by the abutment. It has a hexagonal base that is inserted inside the implant to avoid the relative rotation of one with another, providing optimal stability to be able to use the implant from the first moment, without fear of possible future problems. On the other hand, by continuing with the morphology of a natural tooth, it allows the enda to adhere to the crown, avoiding problems of endas such as pyorrhea, as occurs with implants on the market.
Conviene destacar que la lmea de union entre el implante y la corona queda dentro del tejido gingival, lo que proporciona un acabado estetico identico al de una pieza dental sana, evitando posibles problemas futuros. It should be noted that the union line between the implant and the crown is inside the gingival tissue, which provides an aesthetic finish identical to that of a healthy tooth, avoiding possible future problems.
En el caso de la corona, en cuanto a la selection del material, se aplican practicamente las mismas restricciones y objetivos que para el implante, con una salvedad: En este caso tambien se tiene en cuenta el acabado estetico, requisito fundamental de esta pieza del sistema.In the case of the crown, as regards the selection of the material, the same restrictions and objectives as for the implant are practically applied, with one exception: In this case the aesthetic finish is also taken into account, a fundamental requirement of this piece of equipment. system.
Un material adecuado en este caso seria la circona bio-ceramic.A suitable material in this case would be the bio-ceramic zirconia.
Interesa que la corona tenga un acabado superficial lo mas parecido a un diente natural, por lo que se le dara la textura y el brillo necesario para cumplir con dicha funcion estetica.It is interesting that the crown has a superficial finish that resembles a natural tooth, so it will be given the texture and the necessary brightness to fulfill said aesthetic function.
Gracias al procedimiento de implantologia descrito, es posible fabricar las tres piezas (implante, pilar y corona) en una unica pieza, constituyendose asi el propio implante con la parte inferior fabricada con la geometria particular de la cavidad alveolar y la parte superior con la geometna particular de una pieza dental.Thanks to the described implantology procedure, it is possible to manufacture the three pieces (implant, pillar and crown) in a single piece, thus constituting the implant itself with the lower part manufactured with the particular geometry of the alveolar cavity and the upper part with the geometry particular of a dental piece.
Otros detalles y caracteristicas de la actual solicitud de Patente de Invention se- iran poniendo de manifiesto en el transcurso de la description que a continuation se da, en la que de manera esquematica se representa una realization preferente. Estos detalles se dan a trtulo de ejemplo, haciendo referencia a una ejecucion practica, pero no queda limitado a los detalles que ah se exponen; por tanto esta descripcion debe ser considerada desde un punto de vista ilustrativo y sin limitaciones de ninguna clase sobre el alcance de la presente Patente de Invencion.Other details and characteristics of the current patent application of Invention will be shown in the course of the description given below, in which a preferred embodiment is represented schematically. These details are given by way of example, making reference to a practical execution, but it is not limited to the details that are exposed there; therefore, this description should be considered from an illustrative point of view and without limitations of any kind on the scope of the present Invention Patent.
Descripcion de los dibujosDescription of the drawings
La figura n°1 representa las vistas del implante.Figure 1 represents the views of the implant.
La figura n°2 representa una vista en perfil y section del implante.Figure 2 represents a view in profile and section of the implant.
La figura n°3 representa las vistas del pilar.Figure 3 represents the views of the pillar.
La figura n°4 representa unas vistas de la corona.Figure 4 represents views of the crown.
La figura n°5 representa una vista en perfil y seccion de la corona.Figure 5 represents a view in profile and section of the crown.
La figura n°6 representa una vista en perfil y seccion del conjunto.Figure 6 represents a view in profile and section of the assembly.
Representation de las referencias numericas:Representation of the numerical references:
(1) Implante.(1) Implant.
(2) Pilar.(2) Pilar.
(3) Corona(3) Crown
Realizacion preferentePreferential performance
En un modo de realizacion preferente de la invencion el implante se puede fabricar por metodos tradicionales, con materiales como el titanio, oxido de circonio u otros con coeficientes de dilatation termica entre 8 y 15 pstrain/°C (de 0,8 a 1,5mm/100°C aproximadamente). Dado el desarrollo de la incipiente tecnologia 3D se puede plantear su fabrication mediante impresion 3D, puesto que el titanio es un material que permite dicho proceso, evitandose asi impurezas derivadas de las soldaduras necesarias mediante otros procedimientos. Otra ventaja a tener en cuenta es que gracias a la impresion 3D se puede conseguir geometnas mas complejas. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the implant can be manufactured by traditional methods, with materials such as titanium, zirconium oxide or others with thermal dilatation coefficients between 8 and 15 pstrain / ° C (from 0.8 to 1, 5mm / 100 ° C approximately). Given the development of the incipient 3D technology can be raised by 3D printing, since titanium is a material that allows this process, thus avoiding impurities derived from the necessary welding by other procedures. Another advantage to be taken into account is that thanks to 3D printing you can get more complex geometries.
El procedimiento de obtencion de la implantologia dental consiste en fabricar el implante en su parte inferior con la geometna particular de la cavidad alveolar del paciente, segun alguna de las tecnologias descritas, ya conocidas; posteriormente se somete a un proceso termico de contraction mediante enfriamiento, sumergiendolo en nitrogeno Kquido, por ejemplo; por ultimo se posiciona en la cavidad alveolar. Una vez colocado, el propio calor del cuerpo humano hace que el material dilate, ejerciendo asi la presion necesaria sobre el hueso de las paredes de la cavidad alveolar, a fin de producir una fijacion lo suficientemente fuerte como para que el implante sea funcional desde el primer momento. El montaje del pilar y corona una vez fijado el implante no representa ninguna dificultad; pudiendo incluso estar configurados implante, pilar y corona en una sola pieza, dado que la fijacion es un proceso relativamente rapido, una vez alcanzada la temperatura corporal. En este ultimo caso es el conjunto el que es sometido al proceso termico descrito, al formar el implante una unica pieza con la parte inferior fabricada con la geometna particular de la cavidad alveolar y la parte superior con la geometna particular de una pieza dental.The procedure for obtaining dental implantology consists of manufacturing the implant in its lower part with the particular geometry of the alveolar cavity of the patient, according to some of the described technologies, already known; subsequently undergoes a thermal process of contraction by cooling, submerging it in liquid nitrogen, for example; finally it is positioned in the alveolar cavity. Once placed, the heat of the human body causes the material to expand, thus exerting the necessary pressure on the bone of the walls of the alveolar cavity, in order to produce a fixation strong enough for the implant to be functional from the first moment. The assembly of the abutment and crown once the implant is fixed does not represent any difficulty; even implant, pillar and crown can be configured in one piece, since the fixation is a relatively fast process, once the body temperature has been reached. In the latter case it is the whole that is submitted to the described thermal process, when the implant forms a single piece with the lower part manufactured with the particular geometry of the alveolar cavity and the upper part with the particular geometry of a dental piece.
El pilar puede ser una pieza estandar dentro del conjunto, que se puede desarrollar en varias medidas, segun la pieza dental que se vaya a sustituir. Esta pieza se puede fabricar mediante un proceso mas tradicionalmente industrial con el fin de abaratar costes.The pillar can be a standard piece within the set, which can be developed in several measures, according to the dental piece that is to be replaced. This piece can be manufactured by a more traditionally industrial process in order to reduce costs.
La corona podria igualmente obtenerse mediante impresion 3D, si bien el principal problema que plantea es que la pieza, una vez impresa, debe ser cocida para obtener las propiedades de dureza necesarias, lo que supone un coste anadido. En tanto que la impresion 3D no consiga los estandares de calidad y precision necesarios, el proceso de fabrication preferente, en lugar de ser aditivo, sera por sustraccion de material mediante mecanizado por fresado de un bloque de material.The crown could also be obtained by 3D printing, although the main problem is that the piece, once printed, must be fired to obtain the necessary hardness properties, which is an added cost. As long as 3D printing does not achieve the necessary standards of quality and precision, the preferred manufacturing process, instead of being additive, will be by subtraction of material by machining by milling a block of material.
No se considera necesario hacer mas extensa esta description para que cualquier experto en la materia comprenda el alcance de la invention y las ventajas que de la misma se derivan. It is not considered necessary to make this description more extensive so that any expert in the field understands the scope of the invention and the advantages derived therefrom.
Se hace constar a los efectos oportunos, que en el objeto que constituye la presente solicitud de Patente de Invencion podran introducirse todas aquellas variaciones y modificaciones de detalle que las circunstancias y la practica pudieran aconsejar siempre y cuando con las variantes que se introduzcan no se altere o modifique la esencia que queda resumida en las siguientes Reivindicaciones. It is stated for the appropriate purposes, that in the object that constitutes the present application for Patent of Invention may be introduced all those variations and modifications of detail that the circumstances and the practice could advise as long as the variants that are introduced are not altered or modify the essence that is summarized in the following Claims.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201700118A ES2677607B1 (en) | 2017-02-03 | 2017-02-03 | Direct implant dental implantology design and obtaining procedure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| ES201700118A ES2677607B1 (en) | 2017-02-03 | 2017-02-03 | Direct implant dental implantology design and obtaining procedure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| ES2677607A1 ES2677607A1 (en) | 2018-08-03 |
| ES2677607B1 true ES2677607B1 (en) | 2019-05-14 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130323677A1 (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2013-12-05 | Thomas Stewart Pearson | Individualized endosseous dental implant |
| CN202724012U (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2013-02-13 | 唐志辉 | Individualized anatomical tooth root implant |
| CN203619701U (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2014-06-04 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | Dental implant |
| US20160270887A1 (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-09-22 | Thomas Stewart Pearson | BioRoot(R) anatomic endosseous dental implant |
| CN106037965A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-10-26 | 天津医科大学口腔医院 | Individualized biomimetic dental implant and manufacture method thereof |
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