ES2677072B1 - Polymeric membranes generating carbon dioxide and obtaining procedure - Google Patents
Polymeric membranes generating carbon dioxide and obtaining procedure Download PDFInfo
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- ES2677072B1 ES2677072B1 ES201700112A ES201700112A ES2677072B1 ES 2677072 B1 ES2677072 B1 ES 2677072B1 ES 201700112 A ES201700112 A ES 201700112A ES 201700112 A ES201700112 A ES 201700112A ES 2677072 B1 ES2677072 B1 ES 2677072B1
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4309—Polyvinyl alcohol
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/50—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyalcohols, polyacetals or polyketals
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
MEMBRANAS POLIMERICAS GENERADORAS DE DIOXIDO DE CARBONO Y POLYMERIC MEMBRANES GENERATING CARBON DIOXIDE AND
PROCEDIMIENTO DE OBTENCION PROCEDURE OF OBTAINING
DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invention se refiere al desarrollo de membranas polimericas generadoras de dioxido de carbono compuestas de un polimero sintetico biodegradable, un acido organico y un carbonato, con posibles aplicaciones en sectores alimentario, medico y farmaceutico. El desarrollo de estas membranas puede realizarse utilizando hilado electrico, tambien llamada electrospinning.The present invention refers to the development of polymeric carbon dioxide generating membranes composed of a synthetic biodegradable polymer, an organic acid and a carbonate, with possible applications in the food, medical and pharmaceutical sectors. The development of these membranes can be done using electric spinning, also called electrospinning.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Actualmente, en el area de la ciencia y tecnologia de polimeros una de las tecnicas de mayor importancia en la fabrication de fibras polimericas es el hilado electrico, electrohilado o electrospinning.Currently, in the field of polymer science and technology one of the most important techniques in the manufacture of polymeric fibers is electric, electrospinning or electrospinning.
Su reciente gran interes se debe a las extraordinarias posibilidades que ofrecen estos materiales por la combination unica de su reducido tamano y alta relation superficie/volumen. De esta forma, existen numerosas aplicaciones derivadas de la obtencion de fibras mediante el proceso de electrospinning. Entre ellas, las de mayor aplicacion potencial son las destinadas al desarrollo de la nanoelectronica, al diseno y desarrollo de materiales nanoestructurados de funcionalidad espedfica y al desarrollo de aplicaciones biomedicas (S. Agarwal, A. Greiner, J.H. Wendorff. Progress in Polymer Science, 38, 963, 2013; T. Jiang, E.J. Carbone, K.W.H. Lo, C.T. Laurencin. Progress in Polymer Science, 46, 1-24, 2015).His recent great interest is due to the extraordinary possibilities offered by these materials for the unique combination of its small size and high surface / volume ratio. In this way, there are numerous applications derived from the obtaining of fibers through the electrospinning process. Among them, those of greater potential application are those destined to the development of nanoelectronics, to the design and development of nanostructured materials of specific functionality and to the development of biomedical applications (S. Agarwal, A. Greiner, JH Wendorff, Progress in Polymer Science, 38, 963, 2013, T. Jiang, EJ Carbone, KWH Lo, Laurencin CT, Progress in Polymer Science, 46, 1-24, 2015).
La obtencion de fibras mediante electrospinning permite la production continua de fibras con diametros micro y/o nanometricos (A. Greiner, J.H. Wendorff. Angewandte Chemie -International Edition, 46, 5670, 2007). Se basa en la deformation uniaxial o elongation de un chorro de liquido generalmente de un material polimerico (fundido o en disolucion) para formar un filamento, que a diferencia del hilado mecanico se forma mediante repulsiones electrostaticas entre superficies cargadas al aplicar un campo electrico de corriente continua de alto voltaje. Como consecuencia, este chorro es expulsado y puede ser atraido por un colector que se encuentra cargado electricamente, con carga opuesta. En el tiempo del desplazamiento, el chorro forma un filamento, evaporandose el disolvente para dar como resultado una marana (no entretejida) de fibras. Dependiendo de las caractensticas de la disolucion polimerica y de los parametros del equipo, pueden obtenerse diferentes tipos de matrices y morfologias (B. Sun, Y.Z. Long, H.D. Zhang, M.M. Li, J.L. Duvail, X.Y. Jiang, H.L. Yin. Progress in Polymer Science, 39, 862, 2014). De la misma forma, estas disoluciones pueden incorporar otros componentes que las doten de nuevas propiedades necesarias para conferirles algun tipo de funcionalidad espedfica (WO2006133118).The obtaining of fibers by electrospinning allows the continuous production of fibers with micro and / or nanometric diameters (A. Greiner, JH Wendorff, Angewandte Chemie-International Edition, 46, 5670, 2007). It is based on the uniaxial deformation or elongation of a jet of liquid usually from a polymeric material (melted or in solution) to form a filament, which unlike mechanical spinning is formed by electrostatic repulsions between charged surfaces when applying a current electric field continuous high voltage. As a consequence, this jet is expelled and can be attracted by a collector that is electrically charged, with opposite charge. In the time of displacement, the jet forms a filament, the solvent evaporating to result in a marana (not interwoven) fiber. Depending on the characteristics of the polymer solution and the parameters of the equipment, different types of matrices and morphologies can be obtained (B. Sun, YZ Long, HD Zhang, MM Li, JL Duvail, XY Jiang, HL Yin.) Progress in Polymer Science , 39, 862, 2014). In the same way, these solutions can incorporate other components that provide them with new properties necessary to confer them some type of specific functionality (WO2006133118).
Por otra parte, existen varios documentos que describen procedimientos para la obtencion de dioxido de carbono usando un acido organico soluble en agua, un material viscoso (que contiene carbonatos) y un espesante (como almidon de patata o goma de xantano) como materia prima, como por ejemplo la patente ES2317998T3 que refiere a una composition topica para preparar agentes de dioxido carbono externos con efectos cosmeticos y medicos.On the other hand, there are several documents describing processes for obtaining carbon dioxide using a water-soluble organic acid, a viscous material (containing carbonates) and a thickener (such as potato starch or xanthan gum) as raw material, as for example the patent ES2317998T3 which refers to a topical composition for preparing external carbon dioxide agents with cosmetic and medical effects.
La patente estadounidense US 2003/6592919, describe un proceso para la obtencion de una bolsa de tamano reducido para la generation de dioxido de carbono con aplicaciones en el envasado de alimentos.The US patent US 2003/6592919 describes a process for obtaining a reduced size bag for the generation of carbon dioxide with applications in food packaging.
La patente estadounidense US 2004/0051080, se refiere a una composicion y metodo para la generacion de dioxido de carbono mediante la incorporation de zeolitas impregnadas de un acido y una disolucion acuosa de carbonatos o bicarbonatos.U.S. Patent 2004/0051080, refers to a composition and method for the generation of carbon dioxide by the incorporation of zeolites impregnated with an acid and an aqueous solution of carbonates or bicarbonates.
Actualmente, no existe ninguna referencia bibliografica que describa la obtencion de membranas polimericas biodegradables generadoras de dioxido de carbono mediante la tecnica del hilado electrico o electrospinning.At present, there is no bibliographic reference describing the obtaining of biodegradable polymeric membranes generating carbon dioxide by means of the electric spinning or electrospinning technique.
DESCRIPCION DE LA INVENCIONDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invention se refiere a una membrana generadora de dioxido de carbono, con posibles aplicaciones en sectores alimentario, medico y/o farmaceutico, que comprende un polimero sintetico biodegradable, un acido organico y una sal y su procedimiento de obtencion mediante la tecnica del hilado electrico o electrospinning.The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide generating membrane, with possible applications in the food, medical and / or pharmaceutical sectors, comprising a biodegradable synthetic polymer, an organic acid and a salt, and its process of obtaining by the spinning technique. electric or electrospinning.
Un primer aspecto de la presente invencion se refiere a una membrana polimerica de la siguiente composicion (segun materia seca): A first aspect of the present invention relates to a polymeric membrane of the following composition (according to dry matter):
a) Entre un 30% y un 90% en peso de un poflmero seleccionado del grupo constituido por hidroximetilcelulosas, hidroxietilcelulosas, hidroxipropilcelulosas, carboximetilcelulosas, acidos maleicos, alginatos, colagenos, oxido de polietileno, alcohol polivinflico o combinaciones de estos.a) Between 30% and 90% by weight of a polymer selected from the group consisting of hydroxymethylcelluloses, hydroxyethylcelluloses, hydroxypropylcelluloses, carboxymethylcelluloses, maleic acids, alginates, collagen, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol or combinations thereof.
b) Entre un 5% y un 40% en peso de un de un acido seleccionado entre el grupo que consiste en acido dtrico, acido malico, acido tartarico, acido lactico, acido acetico o combinaciones de estos.b) Between 5% and 40% by weight of one of an acid selected from the group consisting of dehydric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid or combinations of these.
c) Entre un 5% y un 30% en peso de un de un carbonato seleccionado entre el grupo que consiste en carbonato de potasio, bicarbonato de potasio, carbonato de sodio, bicarbonato de sodio o combinaciones de estos.c) Between 5% and 30% by weight of a carbonate selected from the group consisting of potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or combinations of these.
Un segundo aspecto de la presente invencion se refiere a un procedimiento de obtencion de la membrana polimerica tal y como se ha descrito anteriormente, que comprende las siguientes etapas:A second aspect of the present invention relates to a process for obtaining the polymeric membrane as described above, comprising the following steps:
a) preparacion de una composicion en medio acuoso que comprende:a) preparation of a composition in aqueous medium comprising:
i) entre un 3% y un 15% en peso de un poflmero seleccionado del grupo constituido por hidroximetilcelulosas, hidroxietilcelulosas, hidroxipropilcelulosas, carboximetilcelulosas, acidos maleicos, alginatos, colagenos, oxido de polietileno, alcohol polivinflico o combinaciones de estos.i) between 3% and 15% by weight of a polymer selected from the group consisting of hydroxymethylcelluloses, hydroxyethylcelluloses, hydroxypropylcelluloses, carboxymethylcelluloses, maleic acids, alginates, collagen, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol or combinations thereof.
ii) entre un 10% y 200% en peso, referido al contenido de poflmero, de un acido seleccionado del grupo que consiste en acido dtrico, acido malico, acido tartarico, acido lactico, acido acetico o combinaciones de estos.ii) between 10% and 200% by weight, based on the pofimer content, of an acid selected from the group consisting of dicaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid or combinations of these.
iii) entre un 10% y 200% en peso, referido al contenido de poflmero, de un carbonato seleccionado entre el grupo que consiste en carbonato de potasio, bicarbonato de potasio, carbonato de sodio, bicarbonato de sodio o combinaciones de estos.iii) between 10% and 200% by weight, based on the content of poflimer, of a carbonate selected from the group consisting of potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or combinations thereof.
b) Electro hilado de la composicion obtenida en la etapa (a) aplicando una diferencia de potencial entre el capilar que contiene la composicion y el colector sobre el que se deposita.b) Electro spinning of the composition obtained in step (a) by applying a potential difference between the capillary containing the composition and the collector on which it is deposited.
En otro aspecto de la de la invencion el electro hilado de la etapa (b) se lleva a cabo a una distancia entre el capilar y el colector de entre 4 y 40cm. En una realizacion preferida la distancia entre el capilar y el colector es de entre 5 y 20 cm.In another aspect of the invention, the electro-spinning of stage (b) is carried out at a distance between the capillary and the collector between 4 and 40 cm. In a preferred embodiment the distance between the capillary and the collector is between 5 and 20 cm.
Otro aspecto de la invencion el electro hilado de la etapa (b) se lleva a cabo a una velocidad de deposicion entre 0,02 y 20 ml/h. En una realizacion preferida la velocidad de deposicion es de entre 0,05-1 mL/h. Another aspect of the invention the electro-spinning of step (b) is carried out at a deposition rate between 0.02 and 20 ml / h. In a preferred embodiment the deposition rate is between 0.05-1 mL / h.
En otro aspecto de la invention el electro hilado de la etapa (b) se lleva a cabo a un voltaje entre 5 y 25 kV. En una realization preferida el voltaje es de entre 7 y 20 kV.In another aspect of the invention the electro-spinning of step (b) is carried out at a voltage between 5 and 25 kV. In a preferred embodiment the voltage is between 7 and 20 kV.
La tecnica de electro hilado llevada a cabo en la etapa (b) se realiza empleando una solution introducida dentro de una jeringa con a una aguja conectada a una bomba infusora, la cual es inducida a un alto voltaje, que provoca repulsiones electrostaticas y la formation del hilo de polimero. Posteriormente, este hilo de polimero creado es alargado y va desde la punta del capilar hasta el plato colector que se encuentra cargado electricamente, con carga opuesta. The electro-spun technique carried out in step (b) is carried out using a solution introduced into a syringe with a needle connected to a pump, which is induced at a high voltage, which causes electrostatic repulsions and the formation of the polymer thread. Subsequently, this created polymer thread is elongated and goes from the tip of the capillary to the collector plate that is electrically charged, with opposite charge.
En dicho trayecto el agua se evapora, y finalmente las fibras se solidifican a su llegada al plato colector. Adicionalmente, puede realizarse un post-tratamiento despues o durante la etapa (b) con un agente reticulante seleccionado entre formaldehido o glutaraldehido.In this path the water evaporates, and finally the fibers solidify on arrival at the collector plate. Additionally, post-treatment can be performed after or during step (b) with a cross-linking agent selected from formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde.
Las diferencias en los porcentajes de los componentes presentes en la membrana polimerica frente a los de la disolucion de la etapa a) del procedimiento de obtencion, son debidas a que dicho procedimiento se lleva a cabo en medio acuoso mientras que en la membrana los componentes se encuentran en formato solido, debido a que el agua es evaporada en el proceso de electrohilado.The differences in the percentages of the components present in the polymeric membrane with respect to those of the solution of stage a) of the obtaining process are due to the fact that said procedure is carried out in an aqueous medium while in the membrane the components are They are in solid format, because the water is evaporated in the electrospinning process.
BREVE DESCRIPCION DE LAS FIGURASBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Figura 1. Muestra la imagen obtenida por microscopia optica, donde se observa la estructura de las membranas objeto de la invencion.Figure 1. Shows the image obtained by optical microscopy, where the structure of the membranes object of the invention is observed.
Figura 2. Muestra la imagen obtenida por microscopia electronica de barrido, donde se observan las fibras de las membranas objeto de la invencion.Figure 2. Shows the image obtained by scanning electron microscopy, where the fibers of the membranes of the invention are observed.
Figura 3. Muestra la imagen obtenida por microscopia optica, donde se observa la generation de dioxido de carbono de las membranas objeto de la invencion.Figure 3. Shows the image obtained by optical microscopy, where the generation of carbon dioxide of the membranes object of the invention is observed.
DESCRIPCION DE MODOS DE REALIZACIONDESCRIPTION OF MODES OF REALIZATION
Las siguientes descripciones son los ejemplos del procedimiento para producir membranas polimericas generadoras de dioxido de carbono de acuerdo con la presente invencion. Sin embargo, debe observarse que los ejemplos son ilustrativos y las composiciones para preparar membranas polimericas generadoras de dioxido de carbono de acuerdo con la presente invencion no se limitan a las descripciones indicadas a continuacion.The following descriptions are examples of the process for producing polymeric carbon dioxide generating membranes according to the present invention. However, it should be noted that the examples are illustrative and the compositions for preparing carbon dioxide generating polymer membranes according to the present invention are not limited to the descriptions indicated below.
Ejemplo 1 Example 1
En una primera etapa, se prepara una disolucion acuosa de PVA. La concentracion utilizada de PVA es de un 6% en peso y se agita a una temperatura de 60°C hasta obtener una disolucion homogenea. Posteriormente, se preparan las disoluciones de acido dtrico en PVA y de carbonato de sodio en PVA, cada una de ellas con una concentracion del 30% en peso, respecto al peso del PVA utilizado.In a first step, an aqueous solution of PVA is prepared. The concentration used of PVA is 6% by weight and is stirred at a temperature of 60 ° C until a homogeneous solution is obtained. Subsequently, the solutions of DAP acid in PVA and sodium carbonate in PVA are prepared, each with a concentration of 30% by weight, based on the weight of the PVA used.
Una vez obtenida las disoluciones, estas se emplean para generar la membrana mediante la tecnica de electrohilado con una configuracion vertical. Cada una de las dos disoluciones se introduce en una jeringa de 3 mL conectadas a una aguja de acero inoxidable de diametro 0,6 mm. Ambas agujas se conectan a un electrodo que a su vez esta conectado a una fuente de alimentacion de 0-30 KV. Se aplica un voltaje comprendido entre 14-18 KV y la disolucion se bombea a traves de dichas agujas con un flujo de 0,3 mL/h. El contra-electrodo se conecta a una placa (colector) de acero inoxidable donde se recogen las membranas obtenidas, siendo la distancia entre el capilar y el colector de unos 15 cm. El proceso se lleva a cabo a temperatura ambiente.Once the solutions are obtained, they are used to generate the membrane by means of the electrospinning technique with a vertical configuration. Each of the two solutions is introduced into a 3 mL syringe connected to a stainless steel needle with a diameter of 0.6 mm. Both needles are connected to an electrode which in turn is connected to a 0-30 KV power supply. A voltage between 14-18 KV is applied and the solution is pumped through these needles with a flow rate of 0.3 mL / h. The counter-electrode is connected to a plate (collector) of stainless steel where the obtained membranes are collected, being the distance between the capillary and the collector of about 15 cm. The process is carried out at room temperature.
La membrana obtenida tiene la siguiente composicion:The obtained membrane has the following composition:
• 71% en peso de PVA.• 71% by weight of PVA.
• 21% en peso de acido dtrico.• 21% by weight of DAD.
• 8% en peso de carbonato de sodio.• 8% by weight of sodium carbonate.
Los tamanos de las fibras obtenidas de este modo oscilan entre los 150 nm y los 300 nm. El rendimiento de esta membrana es de aproximadamente 0,175 L de CO2/g de Na2CO3 en condiciones standard.The sizes of the fibers obtained in this way range between 150 nm and 300 nm. The performance of this membrane is approximately 0.175 L of CO 2 / g of Na 2 CO 3 under standard conditions.
Ejemplo 2Example 2
En este ejemplo se prepararon dos disoluciones acuosas de PVA al 7% en peso, a una se le anadio acido dtrico y a la otra carbonato de sodio ambas en un 30% en peso respecto al peso del PVA utilizado. Estas disoluciones fueron electrohiladas de la misma forma y condiciones descritas en el ejemplo 1. En la Figura 2 se representa imagenes obtenidas por microscopia electronica de barrido, donde se observan las fibras obtenidas de este modo. El rendimiento de esta membrana es de aproximadamente 0,181 L de CO2/g de Na2CO3.In this example, two aqueous solutions of PVA at 7% by weight were prepared, one was added with the acidic acid and the other with sodium carbonate, both 30% by weight with respect to the weight of the PVA used. These solutions were electrospinned in the same manner and conditions described in Example 1. Figure 2 shows images obtained by scanning electron microscopy, where the fibers obtained in this way are observed. The yield of this membrane is approximately 0.181 L of CO 2 / g of Na 2 CO 3 .
Ejemplo 3 Example 3
En este ejemplo a dos disoluciones acuosas de PVA al 8% en peso se le anadio un 50% en peso de acido dtrico y de carbonato de sodio, respecto al peso del PVA utilizado. Estas disoluciones fueron electrohiladas de la misma forma y condiciones descritas en el ejemplo 1. La membrana obtenida tiene la siguiente composicion:In this example, two aqueous solutions of PVA at 8% by weight were added 50% by weight of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, based on the weight of the PVA used. These solutions were electroheated in the same manner and conditions described in Example 1. The membrane obtained has the following composition:
• 59% en peso de PVA.• 59% by weight of PVA.
• 30% en peso de acido dtrico.• 30% by weight of DAD.
• 11% en peso de carbonato de sodio.• 11% by weight of sodium carbonate.
El rendimiento de esta membrana es de aproximadamente 0,174 L de CO2/g de Na2CO3. The yield of this membrane is approximately 0.174 L of CO 2 / g of Na 2 CO 3 .
Claims (7)
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| ES201700112A ES2677072B1 (en) | 2017-01-27 | 2017-01-27 | Polymeric membranes generating carbon dioxide and obtaining procedure |
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| ES201700112A ES2677072B1 (en) | 2017-01-27 | 2017-01-27 | Polymeric membranes generating carbon dioxide and obtaining procedure |
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| TWI345473B (en) * | 2002-07-05 | 2011-07-21 | Neochemir Inc | Carbon dioxide agent for external use and the stuff for preparation of the same |
| KR101063130B1 (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2011-09-07 | 조영재 | Carbon dioxide generating sheet and its manufacturing method |
| JP6103594B2 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2017-03-29 | 花王株式会社 | Nanofiber sheet and manufacturing method thereof |
| TWI528978B (en) * | 2014-12-27 | 2016-04-11 | 財團法人紡織產業綜合研究所 | Carbonated fibrous mask |
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