ES2652164A2 - Method to determine a pupilar distance of a person (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for determining a pupil distance of a patient without physically measuring said distance with a device. The method does not require the trip or expense of a visit to the doctor, and is optimized for comfort and cost-effectiveness. In a general embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method for determining a pupillary distance of a patient. The method includes receiving a frontal face image of the person, estimating a singing distance of an axis of a person from the frontal facial image and determining an estimated pupillary distance of the person from the frontal facial image. The method also includes determining a scale of the image based on the estimated singing distance and a specified singing distance, and applying the scale of the image to the estimated pupillary distance to determine the pupil distance of the person. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

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METHOD FOR DETERMINING A PUPIL DISTANCE OF A PERSON

DESCRIPTION

Background

The present disclosure refers in general to the determination of the graduation of glasses and / or contact lenses for a patient with a refractive error that needs correction. Many people have refractive errors of the eye that causes them to have myopia (commonly known as short vision) or farsightedness (commonly known as hyperoplate). One of ordinary skill in the art will understand that myopia refers to a refractive defect in the optical properties of the eye that causes the images to be focused in front of the retina (ie, a refractive error). These optical defects are normally caused, among other things, by corneal defects, lengthening of the structure of the eye, other states, or a combination of those states. Hypermetropla, on the other hand, refers to a refractive error of the optical properties of the eye that causes the images to focus behind the retina. These optical defects are the result when the optical components of the eye are not strong enough along the length from front to back of the eye. Nearsightedness and farsightedness have a component, a spherical measure, that indicates the strength or power needed to correct optical defects.

Astigmatism refers to a refractive error that causes the light entering the eye to focus on two points instead of one. It is caused by an irregular power of the cornea. Astigmatism has two components, an axis measurement, which indicates the angle along which any image the patient sees is distorted, and a cylinder measurement, which indicates the strength or power of the distortion. Nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism are the main refractive errors that cause patients to seek treatment to correct their vision problems.

An analysis of overt refraction is a diagnostic tool used by ophthalmologists and optometrists through which a patient's refractive error is tested to indicate if the patient will benefit from correction with glasses or contact lenses. As part of that technique, a patient looks through a foroptero while the ophthalmologist or optometrist evaluates each of the patient's eyes. A retinal reflex diagnostic technique is often used to assess the magnitude of refractive error.

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present in the patient's eyes. The subjective response of the patient is used to refine the manifest refraction, which implies that the patient makes decisions between the image quality as different lenses that have different powers in place in the foropter slip. These refractive errors can be corrected with lenses, usually glass lenses, known as glasses, or contact lenses, which are applied directly to the eye. They can also be corrected with various types of surgery. At the end of the analysis of the manifest refraction, the ophthalmologist or optometrist can extend a graduation for glasses, contact lenses and / or refractive surgery.

Other methods for determining a patient's refractive error include known diagnostic devices such as wavefront sensors, refractometers, and others that are well known in the art. Some of these diagnostic devices use computers to assist in determining the patient's refractive error. For example, an implementation of a wavefront type refractor that is well known in the art uses a "Hartmann-Shack" sensor to measure the wavefront of a beam of light generated from a projected lighting point. on the retina and that is passed through the optical components of the eye. In a wavefront type refractor of this type, a laser probe beam or a superluminescent diode is projected onto the retina through the eye's optical components. The light scattered by the retina passes through the optical components of the eye, and exits through the pupil of the eye. The wavefront of the outgoing beam carries refractive information related to the optical components of the eye. For example, if the eye is emetrope (that is, the optical components of the eye have no refractive error), the wavefront of the outgoing beam must be flat. The optical transmission components transmit the wavefront that leaves the pupil of the eye over the Hartmann-Shack sensor. The Hartmann-Shack sensor measures wavefront distortion and provides that information to a computer to calculate refractive errors of the eye due to aberrations of the eye's optical components.

Each of the techniques described above to determine a patient's refractive error requires that the patient move to a place where such machines or doctors are present and available to perform the determination. And, having moved to a doctor's office, a patient then has to pay for the doctor's time and services, which may or may not be covered by his health insurance. This can be expensive and uncomfortable for a patient.

For a patient who wants contact lenses, a second charge is usually applied

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for an "adaptation". This charge is often unnecessary because most contact lens manufacturers only offer a combination or a few combinations of base curve and diameter, which means that there is only one or a few possible "adaptations" for that contact lens. When a patient has worn contact lenses before and is comfortable with their previous brand, there is no need to perform an “adaptation”. Despite this, doctors' consultations commonly require that an “adaptation” be made, and the associated fees are charged. Health insurance rarely covers these fees. In some cases, the doctor may require the patient to make another visit to the independent consultation to receive his “adaptation”. Therefore, determining a contact lens graduation can be even more expensive and uncomfortable for a patient.

In addition, the cost of the machinery described above (foroptero, wavefront refractor, etc.) is prohibitive for an individual who does not practice medical practice, so that patients do not have the option of determining their own eyeglass or contact lens graduation outside a medical practice environment.

In addition, subjective tests for astigmatism in consultation generally only determine the axis graduation of a patient with an accuracy within 10 °.

Therefore, there is a need for a more comfortable, less expensive, more accurate way for patients to determine and receive graduations of glasses and contact lenses.

Brief description of the invention

The present disclosure refers generally to a method for determining the refractive error of a patient, more particularly determining the refractive error of the patient using a computerized screen or other suitable visual tool, and providing the patient with a graduation of corrective lenses of the type of Corrective lenses preferred by the patient. The method does not require the trip or expense of a visit to the doctor, and is optimized for comfort and profitability.

The method for determining a person's pupillary distance without physically measuring the pupillary distance with a device comprises several stages. A stage to receive a frontal facial image of the person. A stage to estimate a singing distance of an eye of a person from the frontal facial image. A stage to estimate a distance

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pupillary of the person from the frontal facial image. A step to determine an image scale based on the estimated singing distance and a specified singing distance. A stage to apply the image scale to the estimated pupillary distance to determine the pupillary distance of the person.

Optionally, the method allows the person to enter demographic information; and determines from the demographic information of the person the estimated singing distance of the person, in which the demographic information is at least one of the following characteristics: age, race, sex, height and weight of person.

Optionally, the method is associated with an eye refraction exam provided through the Internet, and results in a prescription of corrective lenses for the person who has reviewed and approved at least one physician.

Optionally, the person's frontal facial image includes snapshots recorded during the refractive eye exam.

Optionally, the person's frontal facial image is recorded by at least one of the following devices: a digital camera, a camera phone, a personal computer equipped with a camera, a tablet computer equipped with a camera, a personal terminal equipped with camera and a cabin equipped with a camera.

Optionally, receiving the person's frontal facial image further comprises allowing the person to select a previously recorded frontal facial image.

Optionally, the method includes another step to determine a center of each of the person's pupils in the received image, in which determining the estimated pupillary distance of the person is based on determining a distance between the determined center of each of the pupils of the person in the image received.

Optionally, determining the scale of the image based on the estimated singing distance further comprises determining an initial singing point and an ending point of singing in the received image and scaling the image based on the estimated singing distance and a distance between the starting point of singing and the ending point of singing in the received image.

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Optionally, the person is a first person (patient) and the method further comprises allowing a second person (assistant) to create at least two pupil location entries to determine the estimated pupil distance, in which the at least two entrances are used. to locate centers of the pupils of the first person in the image received; and determine the pupillary distance of the first person based on the determined scale of the image and the at least two pupil location entries.

Optionally, the method allows the first person or the second person to enter demographic information; and determine from the demographic information of the first person the estimated singing distance of the first person, and in which the demographic information is at least one of the following: age, race, sex, height and weight of the first person (patient).

Optionally, the method is associated with an eye refraction exam provided through the Internet.

Optionally, the frontal facial image of the first person includes snapshots recorded during the refraction eye exam.

Optionally, the refractive eye exam results in a prescription of corrective lenses for the first person who has reviewed and approved at least one physician.

Optionally, the front face image of the first person recorded by at least one of the following devices: a digital camera, a camera phone, a personal computer equipped with a camera, a tablet computer equipped with a camera, a personal terminal equipped with camera and a cabin equipped with a camera.

Optionally, receiving a frontal facial image of the first person further comprises allowing the first person to select a frontal facial image recorded previously.

Optionally, the first person and the second person are the same person.

Optionally, determining the scale of the image based on the estimated singing distance further comprises determining an initial singing point and an ending point of singing in the received image and converting the image to scale based on the estimated singing distance and a distance between the starting point of singing and the ending point of singing in the image

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received

The object of the invention is also a non-transient computer readable medium that includes a plurality of instructions, which when executed by at least one processor, make the processor at least work with a visualization device and an input device to determine a pupillary distance of a person who understands the following stages:

determine the pupillary distance of a person without physically measuring the pupillary distance with a device by, (i) receiving a frontal facial image of the person, (ii) estimating a singing distance of an eye of a person from the facial image frontal, (iii) determine an estimated pupillary distance of the person from the frontal facial image, (iv) determine an image scale based on the estimated singing distance and a specified singing distance, and (v) apply the image scale at the pupil distance estimated to determine the pupillary distance of the person.

In a general embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method for determining a graduation of a patient's corrective lenses. The method includes, separately, for each eye of the patient, to determine the astigmatism graduation of the patient by means of a computerized screen.

In one embodiment, determining the astigmatism graduation of the patient through the computerized screen includes presenting a first diagram to the patient through the computerized screen and allowing the patient to select at least one entry. The input corresponds to an axis measurement. The method also includes presenting a second diagram to a patient through the computerized screen and allowing the patient to select at least one entry. The input corresponds to a cylinder measurement.

In a further embodiment, the first diagram and the second diagram are the same diagram. In a further alternative embodiment, the first diagram and the second diagram are different diagrams.

In another additional embodiment, the first diagram is a rotating line. In a still further embodiment, the rotating line is composed of at least two alternate colors. In still a further embodiment, the at least two alternate colors are selected from the group consisting of the red family and the green family, respectively.

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In one embodiment, the method is provided through the Internet.

In one embodiment, the method includes sending the determined astigmatism graduation to at least one physician for review and approval.

In an alternative embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method for determining a graduation of corrective lenses of a patient. The method includes, separately, for each eye of the patient, to determine the astigmatism graduation of the patient by means of a computerized screen, and to determine the power of the graduation of corrective lenses of the patient by means of the computerized screen.

In a further embodiment, the method also includes, separately, for each eye of the patient, allowing the patient to provide an input of at least one data selected from the group consisting of a base curve of a previous graduation of contact lenses, a diameter from a previous contact lens graduation, a previous contact lens brand name and a previous contact lens manufacturer. The base curve and the diameter are determined from the at least one data.

In a further embodiment, the method also includes, separately, for each uncorrected eye of the patient, determining whether the patient is nearsighted or hypermetrope by presenting a color block diagram to the patient through the computerized screen and allowing the patient to select a corresponding entry apart from the color block diagram.

In another additional embodiment, the method also includes, separately for each corrected eye of the patient, determining if the patient has an excess correction or default correction by presenting a color block diagram to the patient by means of the computerized screen and allowing the patient to select an entry corresponding to part of the color block diagram.

In one embodiment, determining the power of the patient's corrective lens graduation through the computerized screen includes presenting a first figure to a patient through the computerized screen. The first figure is too small for the patient to see clearly. The method also includes allowing the patient to provide at least one entry to increase the size of the first figure until the patient can barely distinguish it. The at least one entry corresponds to one

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First sphere measure. In a further embodiment, the method includes presenting a second figure to a patient through the computerized screen. The second figure is large enough for the patient to see clearly. The method allows the patient to provide at least one entry to decrease the size of the second figure until the patient can no longer distinguish it. The at least one entry corresponds to a second sphere measurement. In another additional embodiment, the method includes determining a final sphere measurement based, at least in part, on the first sphere measurement and the second sphere measurement.

In a further embodiment, the first figure and the second figure are different figures. In a further alternative embodiment, the first figure and the second figure are the same figure.

In another additional embodiment, the first figure and the second figure comprise at least one symbol selected from the group consisting of letters and numbers.

In yet another additional embodiment, at least one set of the presentation of the first and second figures, which allows the patient to provide entries, and that entries are received from the patient is repeated at least once.

In a further embodiment, the method includes sending the astigmatism and potency graduations determined to at least one physician for review and approval.

In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a non-transient computer readable medium. The non-transient computer-readable medium includes a plurality of instructions, which when executed by at least one processor, make the at least one processor work with at least one display device, at least one memory device, and at least one input device to determine a graduation of corrective lens of the patient. The corrective lens graduation comprises an astigmatism graduation and a power. The non-transient computer readable medium determines the graduation of the patient's glasses by determining, for each eye of the patient, the astigmatism graduation of the patient. The non-transient computer readable medium determines the astigmatism graduation of the patient by presenting a first diagram to the patient through a computerized screen and allowing the patient to select an entry. The input selected by the patient corresponds to an axis measurement. The non-transient computer readable medium also determines the graduation of

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astigmatism of the patient presenting a second diagram to a patient using the computerized screen and allowing the patient to select at least one entry. The input selected by the patient corresponds to a cylinder measurement. The non-transient computer readable medium also determines the graduation of the patient's corrective lenses by determining, for each patient's eye, the power of the patient's corrective lens graduation. The non-transient computer readable medium determines the power of the graduation by presenting a first figure to a patient through the computerized screen. The first figure is too small for the patient to see clearly. The non-transient computer readable medium also determines the power of the graduation by allowing the patient to provide at least one entry to increase the size of the first figure until the patient can barely distinguish it. The at least one entry corresponds to a first sphere measurement. The non-transient computer readable medium also determines the power of the graduation by presenting a second figure to a patient by means of the computerized screen. The second figure is large enough for the patient to see clearly. The non-transient computer readable medium also determines the power of the graduation by allowing the patient to provide at least one entry to decrease the size of the second figure until the patient can no longer distinguish it. The at least one entry corresponds to a second sphere measurement. The non-transient computer-readable medium determines a final sphere measurement based, at least in part, on the first sphere measurement and the second sphere measurement to be determined.

An advantage of the present disclosure is to provide a patient with more comfort in determining and receiving a graduation of glasses and / or contact lenses.

An advantage of the present disclosure is to reduce the cost and expense for the patient of determining and receiving a graduation of glasses and / or contact lenses.

Another advantage of the present disclosure is to determine a graduation of glasses and / or contact lenses without the need for expensive equipment only viable for use in the consultation of a doctor.

Another advantage of the present disclosure is to determine a graduation of glasses and / or contact lenses without putting the lenses in front of the patient's eyes.

Yet another advantage of the present disclosure is to determine a faster

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graduation of glasses and / or contact lenses.

An additional advantage of the present disclosure is to determine more accurately the axis and cylinder astigmatism graduations of a patient.

Additional features and advantages are described herein, and will be apparent from the following detailed description and figures.

Brief description of the figures

Figures 1A and 1B are a flow chart illustrating an example method of operation of a realization of the system of the present disclosure.

Figure 2A illustrates a screenshot of an example of a realization of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays requests for information regarding a previous graduation of the patient, a refillable form for the patient to enter data concerning their previous graduation, and requests for information regarding what refractive errors the patient may have.

Figure 2B illustrates a screenshot of an example of a realization of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a request for information regarding a previous graduation of the patient and a request for information regarding what refractive errors may have the patient.

Figure 3 illustrates a screenshot of an example of a realization of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a diagram and allows a patient to provide an input, in which the input corresponds to an axis measurement. of the patient.

Figure 4A illustrates a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which a diagram is shown as seen by an eye corrected with astigmatism, or an eye without astigmatism.

Figures 4B, 4C, 4D, and 4E illustrate screenshots of examples of embodiments of the system of the present disclosure, in which each diagram is shown as seen by an uncorrected eye with astigmatism along a given axis.

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Figure 5 illustrates a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the diagram is shown as seen by an eye corrected with astigmatism after the patient has provided at least one entry, in which the input corresponds to a measurement of the patient's cylinder.

Figure 6 illustrates a screenshot of an example of a realization of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system calibrates the amount of distance between a camera mounted on the computerized screen and the patient.

Figures 7A and 7B illustrate screenshots of examples of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system visualizes a figure and allows a patient to provide at least one entry to change the size of the figure, in the that the at least one entry corresponds to a measurement of the patient's sphere.

Figures 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D illustrate screenshots of examples of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a color block diagram and allows a patient to provide at least one input for select a part that seems more defined in the diagram, in which the entry corresponds to a determination that the patient is short-sighted or hypermetrope (if you do not wear corrective lenses), has an excess or default correction (if you wear corrective lenses ), or another.

Figure 9A illustrates a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system visualizes a figure and allows a patient to provide at least one entry to affect the rotation of the figure, in the that the at least one input corresponds to an axis measurement.

Figure 9B illustrates a screenshot of an example of a realization of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system visualizes a figure and allows a patient to provide at least one entry to affect the separation or size of various parts of the figure, in which the at least one entry corresponds to a cylinder measurement.

Figure 10A illustrates a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system visualizes in which the system displays a line diagram and allows a patient to provide at least one entry, in which the at least one input corresponds to a cylinder measurement.

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Figure 10B illustrates a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the figure of 10A can rotate to align with the determined axis of astigmatism of a patient.

Figure 11A illustrates a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a thin radius diagram, which is a smaller angular part of the radius diagram of Figure 12B, and it allows a patient to provide at least one entry, in which the at least one entry corresponds to a fine axis measurement.

Figure 11B illustrates a screenshot of an example of a realization of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system visualizes a diagram 1105 of concentric half circles and allows a patient to provide at least one input, in which the minus one input corresponds to a measure of axis and / or cylinder.

Figure 12A illustrates a screenshot of an example of a realization of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a line diagram, and allows a patient to provide at least two entries, in which at least Two inputs correspond to a cylinder size.

Figure 12B illustrates a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a radius diagram 1205 and allows a patient to provide at least one input, in which the at least an input corresponds to an approximate axis measure.

Figure 13 illustrates a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a line diagram 1304, and allows a patient to provide at least one entry, in which the minus one input corresponds to a cylinder measurement.

Figures 14A-D are screenshots of exemplary embodiments of the system of the present disclosure demonstrating that the alternate parts may be of different sizes or separation, but still perform tests for the same determination in determining the intensity of astigmatism.

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Figure 15 is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, which shows that the alternate parts may be of different sizes or separation, but still perform tests for the same astigmatism axis determination.

Figure 16 is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, which shows that a figure for the approximate determination of the axis of astigmatism can be modified in terms of size and shape, and stretched in a minor way, and It can still be used by the system to determine an axis of astigmatism for a patient.

Figure 17 is a screenshot of an example of a realization of the system of the present disclosure, which demonstrates a possible configuration for a macular degeneration test.

Detailed Description

Figures 1A and 1B illustrate a flow chart of an example of a method or method 100 according to an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure. In various embodiments, one or more processors execute a set of instructions to implement the procedure 100. Although the procedure 100 is described with reference to the flow chart shown in Figures 1A and 1B, the system can employ many other methods of realizing the actions associated with this illustrated procedure. For example, the system can change the order of certain blocks of the illustrated blocks. The system may also make certain blocks of the illustrated blocks optional, the system may repeat certain blocks of the illustrated blocks, and / or the system may not employ certain blocks of the illustrated blocks.

As indicated by block 102, the system displays on a computerized screen a refillable form for a patient to provide at least one entry from a graduation of glasses or contact lenses, brand name of contact lenses and / or lens manufacturer of previous contact.

A computerized screen according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes, without limitation: a monitor, a television screen, a plasma screen, a screen of

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liquid crystal (LCD), a screen based on light emitting diodes (LED), a screen based on a plurality of organic light emitting diodes (OLED), a screen based on light emitting polymeric diodes (PLED), a screen based on a plurality of surface conduction electron emitters (SED), or any other suitable electronic device or visualization mechanism. In certain embodiments, as described above, the computerized screen includes a touch screen. It should be appreciated that the computerized screen can be of any suitable size, shape and configuration.

The computerized screen displays a refillable form, refillable fields, or other vehicle for the patient to enter data, if the patient has such data, including a previous graduation of glasses, a previous graduation of contact lenses, a previous brand name of lenses of contact and / or a previous manufacturer of contact lenses. The data related to the previous graduation of contact lenses can be information from a patient's contact lens case, which you can still have in your possession. In one embodiment, the computerized screen is part of a patient terminal, which the patient can use to access the system and procedure.

In another example embodiment, the refillable form may ask the patient regarding his satisfaction with his current glasses or contact lenses, as! as how often you wear glasses or contact lenses.

As indicated by block 104, the system receives at least one entry from a previous graduation of glasses, a previous graduation of contact lenses, a previous brand name of contact lenses and / or a previous manufacturer of contact lenses . It should be appreciated that the system can automatically fill out or complete the form, fields, or other vehicle based on other data entered by the patient. As a non-limiting example, the patient can enter a previous brand name of contact lenses. The system can then use a query table or other method to retrieve the corresponding base curve and / or diameter aspects of the previous graduation from memory. This is especially possible with respect to the brand name or contact lens manufacturers that provide only one or a few possible base curve and / or diameter sizes.

In a possible alternative to block 104, the system may receive an entry that the patient either does not have or does not wish to enter the previous graduation information

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requested, as indicated by block 106. In a possible embodiment, block 106 is not part of procedure 100, and the patient must enter previous graduation information before continuing to the next block. In another possible embodiment, block 106 is part of the procedure 100 and the patient is not required to enter any previous graduation information before continuing to the next block.

The system displays on the computerized screen a question to the patient regarding whether he is nearsighted or hypermetrope, as indicated by block 108, and receives at least one input from the patient in response to the question regarding whether he is nearsighted or farsighted, such as indicated by block 110.

In block 112, the system displays a first diagram to the patient on the computerized screen intended for a first eye (either the right or the left) of the patient. It should be appreciated that the patient should see the first diagram with his first uncorrected eye, that is, if he wears glasses or contact lenses, he must take them off and see the diagram without the correction of his glasses or contact lenses.

The system receives a patient input referring to how the first diagram with its first eye sees, in which the patient's input corresponds to an axis measurement for astigmatism, as indicated by block 114. It should be appreciated that the measurement of axis can be used as at least a part of a deviation function that the system can apply to other diagrams and figures displayed for the first eye. In one embodiment, the system receives an entry from a patient, in which the entry indicates that it has no astigmatism in the eye that is being tested, as indicated by block 120. In this embodiment, the patient may either advance to blocks 122 to 130 with your first eye, or you can repeat block 112 with your second eye.

If the patient provides an input that indicates an axis measurement according to block 114, the system displays a second diagram on the computerized screen, as indicated by block 116. In one embodiment, the first diagram and the second diagram are the same diagram. In another embodiment, the first diagram and the second diagram are different diagrams. In one embodiment, the second diagram is distorted based on the partial deviation of the axis measurement determined from the patient's entry into block 114. For example, the second diagram can be stretched or lengthened by some unit along the axis. patient identified In another embodiment, the second diagram is not initially distorted.

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The system receives at least one input from the patient, in which the at least one entry corresponds to a cylinder measurement of the first eye, as indicated by block 118. It should be appreciated that the cylinder measurement can be used as at least one part of a deviation function that the system can apply to other diagrams and figures displayed for the first eye. The deviation function is intended to correct any astigmatism that the patient may have in the eye that is being tested. As such, the deviation function will make any diagram or figure to which it applies appear distorted for a corrected eye, while it seems clear for a corrected eye.

It should be appreciated that blocks 112 to 120 must be repeated, separately, for the patient's second eye. After repeating blocks 112 to 120 for the second eye, it should also be appreciated that the axis measurement and the cylinder measurement for the second eye can be used as parts of a deflection function that the system can apply to other diagrams and figures displayed for the second eye in the same way that it was described that these measures were used for the first eye. It should also be appreciated that, in one embodiment, immediately after finishing blocks 112 to 120 for a first eye, the patient can switch to his second eye and go through blocks 112 to 120 again. In an alternative embodiment, the patient can continue with other blocks, for example, blocks 122 to 130, with its first eye, before returning to blocks 112 to 120 for its second eye.

In block 122, the system displays a first figure to the patient on the computerized screen intended for a first eye (either the right or the left) of the patient. The first figure is displayed so that it is too small for the patient to see clearly. It should be appreciated that the patient must see the first figure with his first uncorrected eye, that is, if he wears glasses or contact lenses, he must take them off and see the figure without the correction of his glasses or contact lenses. In an exemplary embodiment, the first figure is distorted by the deflection function determined with the patient entries of blocks 114 and 118 for the patient's first eye. In another example embodiment, the first figure is not distorted by the deviation function.

The system receives an input from the patient regarding how the first figure sees with his first eye, in which the patient's input corresponds to a first sphere measurement, as indicated by block 124.

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As indicated by block 126, the system displays a second figure on the computerized screen, in which the second figure is displayed so that it is large enough for the patient to see clearly. In one embodiment, the first figure and the second figure are the same figure. In another embodiment, the first figure and the second figure are different figures. In one embodiment, the second figure is distorted. It should be appreciated that the patient must see the second figure with his first uncorrected eye, that is, if he wears glasses or contact lenses, he must take them off and see the figure without the correction of his glasses or contact lenses. In an exemplary embodiment, the second figure is distorted by the deflection function determined with the patient entries of blocks 114 and 118 for the patient's first eye. In another example embodiment, the second figure is not distorted by the deviation function.

The system receives an input from the patient referring to how the second figure sees with its first eye, in which the patient's input corresponds to a second sphere measurement, as indicated by block 126. The system calculates the average of the First and second sphere measurements to determine a final sphere measurement, as indicated by block 130. One skilled in the art should appreciate that the system can determine a final measure in any suitable manner, and it is not necessary that its measurement final be the product of a direct average. For example, the system may use only the result of the last entry, only the result of the first entry, a certain weighted average based on the statistical variance of other entries, or the system may completely ignore entries that it considers to have a statistical variance so large compared to other entries that they are likely to be a mistake.

It should be appreciated that blocks 122 to 130 must be repeated, separately, for the patient's second eye. It should also be appreciated that, in one embodiment, immediately after finishing blocks 122 to 130 for his first eye, the patient can switch to his second eye and go through blocks 112 to 130 for his second eye. In an alternative embodiment, the patient may have already completed blocks 112 to 120 with his second eye.

It should also be appreciated that the system can repeat sets of blocks 122 and 124 any number of times, in any order, and can alternate sets of blocks 122 and 124 with sets of blocks 126 and 128 any number of times. In an example embodiment, the system goes through blocks 122 to 128 for a patient's eye,

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then repeat blocks 122 and 124 again for the same eye before advancing to block 130. In this example embodiment, the average of the three resulting sphere measurements is calculated to determine the final sphere measurement in block 130. In Another example embodiment, the system goes through blocks 122 and 124, then repeats blocks 122 and 124, then also goes through blocks 126 and 128 twice. In this exemplary embodiment, the average of the four resulting sphere measurements is calculated to determine the final sphere measurement in block 130.

As indicated by block 132, the system displays on the computerized screen a question to the patient regarding whether a graduation of glasses, a graduation of contact lenses, or both would like it. In block 134, the system receives an input from the patient regarding their desired graduation or graduations.

The system displays patient price information, and allows the patient to conventionally select a payment method and provide payment information, as indicated by block 136. Allow the patient to select their payment method and provide payment information It can be achieved through a fillable form, fillable fields, or some other way, as is well known in the art. The system receives at least one input from the patient regarding their desired payment method and payment information, as indicated by block 138, and provides the patient with their graduation or graduations requested and paid, as indicated by the block. 140.

In one embodiment, before the patient receives his graduation, he is sent to one or more doctors to sign the various measures of refractive error determined. For example, the system can send the axis measurement for a doctor to sign, the cylinder measurement for another doctor to sign, and the sphere measurement for a third doctor to sign. In an alternative example, the system can send all three measures to the same doctor for signature. It should be appreciated that any combination of physicians who sign any part of the graduation can be employed for any combination of cost and time saving considerations.

It should be appreciated that the system can allow the patient to provide an entry regarding how or where to send their selected graduation after receiving it. In one embodiment, the system can send the graduation data to the consultation of an optometrist or ophthalmologist, a central provider of glasses and / or contact lenses, a retail establishment of glasses and / or contact lenses (physical or virtual) , or similar. In a

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Additional realization, the patient can select where to send the graduation by choosing it from a list, a map, entering a name, or some other method.

In another embodiment, the system may allow a patient to navigate glasses frames. In such an embodiment, the system can display an image of the patient with mock spectacle frames displayed above the patient's face, and may allow the patient to modify the appearance of the frames, for example, by changing the size, shape, the color, the material, the texture, etc. of mock mounts. In another additional embodiment, the system can determine a location for simulated lenses on the patient's face in any suitable manner, such as by known facial or pupil recognition systems, or by a physical mount recognizable by the system provided to and worn. an user. In another additional embodiment, the system can display instructions for a patient to acquire their desired mounts online, at a physical store, or to be sent to a desired location.

A person skilled in the art should appreciate that the applicant has surprisingly discovered, and disclosed in this document, a novel inversion of the conventional method of determining refractive error for a patient. In conventional technique, the patient is located away from a figure or a diagram, and lenses of various forces and configurations are placed in front of the patient's eyes. The patient provides a subjective response on which of the lenses provides a better quality of vision. The doctor or technician refines the graduation by changing the lenses placed in front of the patient's eyes, until the subjective response of the patient indicates that the best quality of vision has been achieved through one of the lenses provided. In contrast, the embodiments of the present disclosure do not require any lenses. It should be appreciated that the diagrams and figures themselves are adjusted by the patient inputs, and therefore the necessary graduation, in whole or in part, can be determined from factors such as: the distance between the patient and the computerized screen, the original size of the diagram or figure on the computerized screen, the size adjusted by the patient of the diagram or figure on the computerized screen, the number of entries received from the patient, the amount of incremental effect of each entry, and other relevant factors .

It should also be appreciated that, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the patient may indicate to a second person what input they should contribute. In those embodiments, the second person will enter the computerized screen,

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based on patient instructions. The second person can be any suitable person, including a friend of the patient, a member of the patient's family, physician, assistant to the consultation, technician of the consultation, or any other person.

It should also be appreciated that the present disclosure is not limited to a single computerized screen. In some embodiments, the patient may use more than one computerized screen, in one or more patient terminals, to interact with the system. In another embodiment, the patient and the second person can interact with the system in the same patient terminal and / or computerized screen. In yet another embodiment, the patient and the second person can interact with the system in different patient terminals and / or computerized screens.

In another embodiment, the system may allow a patient to begin the procedure and method in one location, such as a physical store, and continue or finish the procedure and method in at least one other location, such as at home. It should be appreciated that in such an embodiment, some kind of unique patient identification will be used to authenticate that the same patient is interacting with the system at the first location and the additional location (s). Such authentication systems are known in the art and are described below.

In another embodiment, a patient may use a computerized screen to control another computerized screen. For example, the system may allow a patient with a smart phone (smartphone) to use the smart phone as a remote control to control another patient terminal with a computerized screen, such as a booth, personal computer or tablet-type computer to interact with the system In an example of such an embodiment, the system will send a patient a link to their remote device, such as by email or SMS text message. The patient is allowed to access the link to launch an interface, such as through a browser, which can then be used to interact with the system in a unique portable way. In another example embodiment, the remote device interacts with the system through an application stored in the remote device, commonly known as an "application." The remote device can be any suitable device, such as a cell phone, smart phone, tablet, laptop, or other remote device, which can interact almost instantly with the system to receive instructions and allow the patient to provide at least one entry to the system on at least one communication interface, such as the Internet, text messages, email , voice or data, for

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Control the computerized screen remotely. A person skilled in the art should appreciate that such a system is unique because it allows a patient to perform a medical examination with their own smartphone or other remote device, and be able to fully control the examination.

In another embodiment, the system uses a voice recognition system to allow a patient to provide at least one entry. In a further embodiment, the system includes a voice recognition system for performing an eye exam, or a secondary exam of an eye exam. In such an embodiment, the system will allow a user to provide an input speaking to the system, equipped with a microphone and conventional voice recognition software. As is known in the art, microphones and voice recognition software are readily available commercially and use standard speech recognition formulas that include a conventional machine learning system, so that the system can adapt to more difficult languages over time . The system will receive patient voice inputs to record and analyze using conventional voice recognition software. A person skilled in the art should appreciate that allowing a patient to provide tickets by voice will provide several benefits. First, the patient who is performing constituent tests of an exam, such as an eye exam, will not need to see the details of the screen perfectly clearly, and will be able to use his elbow instead (communicated through spoken instructions) and your voice (to provide tickets back to the system), which is easier for the user since it is easier to use and provide additional options to enter answers. This is especially relevant for parts of the system where the patient is using an uncorrected eye, is somewhat away from the computerized screen, or both. Another benefit of such a system is that it allows a patient to use their hands for purposes other than providing tickets to the system. For example, the patient may then be free to hold the test object, or cover their eyes. In addition, the use of a system that speaks to the patient and allows the patient to respond by speaking in turn simulates a subjective eye examination in the most typical doctor's office, and can help the patient to assimilate the system of the present disclosure.

Referring now to Figures 2A and 2B, an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. The example system of Figure 2A includes a display 200 that the system shows on the computerized screen described above. Display 200 includes a progress bar 202, 204, 206 and 208. It should be noted that the bar

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Progress can be any suitable progress meter. In the embodiment of Figure 2A, the progress bar 202, 204, 206 and 208 is a sectioned progress bar in which section 202 in which it is currently indicated is indicated to be a darker color than the other sections . It should be noted that for a sectioned progress bar, or other types of progress meters, the indication of the section in which it is located may be any variation in color, size, font, text, or other. In another embodiment, the sections of the progress bar can be selected by the patient, so that the patient can move through the procedure 100 by selecting the section of the procedure to which he wishes to go. In a different embodiment, the sections cannot be selected by the patient so that the patient moves through the various sections.

In the embodiment illustrated by Figures 2A and 2B, the system provides instructions for the patient regarding how to go through section 202, and also provides verbal instructions that the patient can control, activate, deactivate and / or adjust by articulating elements 210 of Verbal instruction control.

As illustrated by the embodiment shown in Figures 2A and 2B, the system asks the patient regarding whether he has the previous graduation 212 of glasses or contact lenses. The patient is allowed to answer the question by selecting one of the 214 or 216 selection buttons. It should be appreciated that the system can use any other method to accept an answer to a patient's question, such as a drop-down list, a fillable field and / or a checkbox.

In the embodiment of Figure 2A, when the patient selects the selection button 214 corresponding to "YES", the system provides the form 218-264 refillable. The system allows the patient to upload a photograph of a previous graduation 218 of glasses and / or a previous graduation 236 of contact lenses. The system also allows the patient to enter their previous graduation data in the 220-223 and 238-264 conventional refillable fields. Specifically, the refillable form has fields for the graduation of glasses of the patient's right eye, or "OD", 220, 222, 224 and 226. "OD" is the common acronym for the term in Latin "oculus dextrus", which means "right eye". The refillable form also has fields for the graduation of glasses of the patient's left eye, or “OS”, 228, 230, 232 and 234. “OS” is the common acronym for the Latin term “oculus sinister”, which means “ left eye". More specifically, the refillable fields 220 and 228 are for sphere measurement, or "SPH", or power of the patient's right and left eyes,

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respectively. The sphere measurement represents the degree of myopia or hypermetropla of the patient. The unit of the sphere measurement is the diopter. A positive "+" sign in front of the sphere measurement indicates the amount of hypermetropla of the patient, while a negative "-" sign in front of the sphere measurement indicates the amount of myopia of the patient. The more positive (for hypermeter people) or negative (for myopic people) the sphere measurement is, the more intense the refractive error is, and therefore, the more powerful the corrective lenses must be to correct the error.

Cylinder fields 222 and 230, or "CIL", for the right and left eyes, respectively, and axis fields 224 and 232, for their right and left eyes, respectively, indicate that the patient has astigmatism in the corresponding eye . If astigmatism is not present, the cylinder and axis fields are left blank in a conventional manner. The cylinder measurement indicates the intensity, in diopters, of astigmatism in the patient's eye. The higher the cylinder size, the more intense the astigmatism of the patient. The axis measurement is a number between 0 ° and 180 °. The unit of axis measurement is degrees. The axis measurement indicates the axis along which the patient's vision is distorted due to imperfections in the curvature of the cornea.

The combination of the sphere, cylinder and axis measurements make up the far vision part of the conventional graduation of glasses or contact lenses. The rest of the glasses graduation refers to the near vision part of the graduation, and is generally for reading glasses or the reading part of bifocal corrective lenses. The addition fields 226 and 234, respectively for the patient's right and left eyes, represent the additional refractive power, in diopters, that must be added to the spherical power to allow the patient to read closely if he has presbyopia. If the patient does not need correction for distance vision, the power of addition alone will be the graduation of the patient for conventional reading glasses, available in most pharmacies and / or usual stores.

In an example embodiment, the system allows a patient to determine the power of addition for those patients who require it. These patients are called emetropes (those who do not require distance correction with glasses) with presbyopia, and their presbyopia is usually the result of aging, which usually appears around approximately 40 years of age. This is the age period in which a patient usually begins to need reading glasses. However, in the past, to determine the correct number of reading glasses added, or to create contact lenses or progressive bifocals without proper line, it was necessary for patients to attend

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to the consultation of an eye doctor to obtain the appropriate measure. However, applicants have surprisingly found a system to determine the power for both upper and lower parts of bifocal lenses that avoids the need to visit a doctor's office or endure a long and complete examination in the consultation. The system asks the patient regarding his age, the size of figures he can see with his eyes uncorrected (by any of the methods or procedures disclosed in this document), and the distance for which he wishes correction ( that is, a patient may want a single pair of glasses to see both books at 16 inches and see other objects at 21 inches (or any other combination of upper segment and lower segment). It should be appreciated that the desired distances can be determined by any suitable method, such as by means of a computerized screen as disclosed herein (such as a smart phone), a simple printable paper measurement assistant, by estimation with a paper strip. The system can also allow a patient to estimate the distance margin he most wishes to correct, such as the distance margin he uses most often, in easily estimated terms, such as the length of the arms, farther than the length of the arms. arms or closer than the length of the arms. The system uses such patient entrances to determine a personalized graduation for single reading glasses or bifocals without a line without doing it by chance or requiring a trip to a doctor's office and its associated expenses.

As shown in Figure 2A, the contact lens graduation includes many of the same measurement fields as the eyeglass graduation. Specifically, the sphere measurement fields, 238 and 252; the measuring fields of cylinder, 240 and 254; the axis measurement fields, 242 and 256; and the addition measurement fields, 244 and 258, for the right and left eyes, respectively, are also present in the contact lens graduation. Although the fields have the same names and abbreviations, the contact lens graduations and the glasses graduations may be different, in part because the glasses lenses are farther from the surface of the eye than the contact lenses.

In addition, the system provides additional measuring fields for the base curve, or "CB", 246 and 260, the diameter, or "DIAM", 248 and 262, and the brand name and / or manufacturer of the contact lenses , 250 and 264. During the time when only hard, gas permeable contact lenses were available, base curve and diameter measurements were necessary to ensure the comfort of the rigid lenses. With the appearance of lenses

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Soft, flexible contact, many contact lens manufacturers only provide one, two or a few different base curve or diameter options for their lenses. If the base curve and diameter measurements are known from a previous graduation, and the patient was comfortable with those lenses, then it is highly likely that other lenses with those same measurements are also comfortable for the patient, even if the manufacturer is different. If the manufacturer is the same, it is even more likely that the patient is comfortable with lenses with the same measure. In this way, it should be noted that an "adaptation" of contact lenses is generally unnecessary for those who have previously worn contact lenses, provided the patient was comfortable with their previous lenses. In one embodiment, for brand names or previous manufacturers of contact lenses identified by the patient, the system may consult the base curve and diameter measurements in a query table or other memory database. In another embodiment, the system can automatically fill in or complete any possible field 246, 248, 260 and / or 262 with the base curve and diameter measurements consulted.

In one embodiment, the system can use the previous graduation information as a check with the current determined graduation. In a further embodiment, the system may require further testing of a patient to confirm the current graduation if there is a statistically significant difference between a value of the previous graduation and the corresponding value of the determined graduation.

In one embodiment, the system can read the loaded photograph or exploration of the previous graduation 218 of glasses and / or the previous 236 graduation of contact lenses. In a further embodiment, the system can automatically fill in or complete any possible field refillable with information available from the previous graduation 218 of glasses and / or the previous graduation 236 of charged contact lenses. In another embodiment, the patient can load a photograph or exploration of a previous contact lens case or box and the system can automatically fill in or complete any possible field refillable with information from the photo or exploration loaded from the previous case or lens case. contact. In another embodiment, the system may recognize conventionally encoded information, such as information from a barcode, QR code, matrix code, Aztec code, or other known types of encoded information. In a further embodiment, the system can explore the encoded information of a previous graduation of glasses or contact lenses, and / or a previous case or box of glasses or contact lenses. In a still further realization, the system can fill in or

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Automatically complete any possible field that can be filled in with information from the previous graduation of glasses or contact lenses and / or a previous case or case of scanned glasses or contact lenses.

After filling in the patient any data available to the patient from previous graduations, the system asks the patient regarding what seems more blurry or unfocused when he is not wearing corrective lenses. Again, in the exemplary embodiment of Figure 2A, the system provides selection buttons 270, 272 and 274 for the patient to select an answer, but any suitable method for allowing an entry to the question will be acceptable. If the patient selects 270 as the fuzziest, this may suggest that he is nearsighted, and may have some astigmatism. If the patient selects about 272 as the fuzziest, this may suggest that it is hypermetrope, and may have some astigmatism. If the patient selects that both are equally blurred 274, he may be myopic or hypermetrope, and is likely to have astigmatism.

As illustrated in the embodiment of Figure 2B, when the patient answers "NO" to the question regarding whether he has a previous graduation, the system does not display the refillable form and fields 218 to 264, as in Figure 2A. Instead, in the embodiment of Figure 2B, the system goes directly to a presentation of question 268 and allows the patient to respond using the selection buttons 270, 272 and 274, as in Figure 2A.

Referring now to Figure 3, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. At this stage of the procedure, the system displays visualization 200, and the progress bar indicates that the patient is currently in section 204 of the astigmatism angle. Oculometer 302, 304 indicates which eye is the one being tested. It should be appreciated that the oculometer can be any suitable progress meter. In the embodiment of Figure 3, the oculometer 302, 304 is a sectioned oculometer in which section 302 corresponding to the eye being tested is indicated as being darker in color than the other section corresponding to the other eye. It should be noted that for a sectioned oculometer, or other types of progress meters, the indication of the eye being tested may be any variation in color, size, font, text, or other. In another exemplary embodiment, sections of the oculometer 302, 304 may be selected by the patient, so that the patient can change the eye being tested by selecting the section corresponding to the other eye. In a

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Different realization, the sections cannot be selected by the patient to change the eye being tested.

As can be seen by reference to Figure 3, the oculometer 302, 304 indicates that the eye being tested is the left eye, indicated by the darker shading of the left eye section 302. Written instructions 306 are provided to the patient, along with verbal instructions, which the patient can control with verbal instruction control elements 210. In the example embodiment shown in Figure 3, the written instructions say "Cover your right eye. Select the line that is darker, thicker or more prominent. If three lines are darker, thicker or more prominent then select the intermediate, if two lines are darker, thicker or more prominent then select the middle button between those lines. ”Instructions 306 refer the patient to diagram 310. Diagram 310 is a known diagram to diagnose the axis of astigmatism. with astigmatism they will see the lines around the axis of their astigmatism as more stressed, or more focused, than the other lines in the diagram.The lines correspond to angle measures.In this example embodiment, the lines are regularly spaced at intervals of 15 ° It should be appreciated that diagram 310 can employ any suitable angular range.The system allows the patient to provide an entry of a line, or the part and more focused on a group of lines, which are more prominent when the patient looks at the diagram. It should be noted that the patient is looking at the diagram with his uncorrected eye.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the letters 308 A through S, as! as buttons 310 of smaller letter combinations to indicate the axis angle of the patient. It should be appreciated that it is not necessary that the selectable axis line icons 308, 310 be letters, but that they may be numbers, angle measurements, drawings, symbols or any other suitable icon. As shown in Figure 3, the letter 308a "A" corresponds to a 0 ° axis, the letter 308b "G" corresponds to a 75 ° axis, the letter 308c "J" corresponds to a 90 ° axis , the letter 308d "O" corresponds to an axis of 165 ° and the letter 308e S corresponds to an axis of 180 °. In another example embodiment, the system provides a button for the patient to indicate that none of the lines in the diagram appear darker, thicker or more prominent, indicating that the patient has no astigmatism in that eye. In a further exemplary embodiment, when the patient provides at least one entry indicating that he has no astigmatism in the eye that is being tested, the system goes on to test the other eye to detect astigmatism. In another embodiment, when the patient provides at least one input that

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It indicates that there is no astigmatism in the eye that is being tested, the system passes the eye test for that same eye, skipping the section that tests the intensity of astigmatism for that eye. In an alternative embodiment, when the patient provides at least one entry indicating that he has no astigmatism in the eye being tested, the system still tests the intensity of any astigmatism in that eye as a double check that the patient does not He has astigmatism in that eye.

It should be noted that, after selecting the line or lines of the patient's axis measurement for the patient's left eye, as shown in Figure 3, the system can repeat the same test with diagram 310 for the right eye by moving the Oculometer 302, 304 to indicate that the right eye 304 is the one being tested, and adjusting written instructions 306 to reflect that the right eye is now the one being tested. In another embodiment, the patient continues to go through the sections of the progress bar with the left eye, and, after completing the astigmatism intensity test 206 for the left eye, will repeat the two astigmatism sections 204 and 206 for the right eye. before going to the 208 eye test for any eye. In another embodiment, the patient goes through all sections 204, 206 and 208 with one eye, the left eye, for example, before returning to each section 204, 206 and 208 with the other eye, in this example, the right eye. It should also be appreciated that any trial order, with any order of the eyes being tested, is adequate. It should also be appreciated that by providing sections 204, 206 and 208 of progress bar selectable by the patient, and sections 302 and 304 of the oculometer, the patient can select which order he prefers.

Referring now to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 4A, another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. At this stage of the procedure, the system displays visualization 200, and the progress bar indicates that the patient is currently in section 206 of astigmatism intensity. The oculometer 302, 304 indicates that the left eye 302 is the one being tested. Written 406 instructions say: "Cover your right eye. 1. Keep your right eye covered. 2. Click (+) until the grid is all perfect squares." Written instructions refer to diagram 408a, which shows a large square divided into several smaller squares.The system provides icons 410 and 412 selectable by the patient to adjust the diagram until the patient sees the entire grid of diagram 408a as perfectly square.When the patient sees the entire grid of diagram 408a as

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perfectly square, the patient selects the icon 414 selectable by the patient. If the system is malfunctioning in any way, the system provides a 418 button to request assistance for the malfunction. It should be noted that button 418 is optional, but useful in case the animation of the changing diagram is not visible to the patient. It should also be noted that diagram 408a in Figure 4A is illustrated as it would seem to a patient without astigmatism, or to a patient with astigmatism who wears his corrective lens in the eye being tested. In other words, the boxes in diagram 408a are square in Figure 4A, but they will seem distorted to an uncorrected eye with astigmatism.

The applicant has surprisingly found that the use of the grid shown as diagram 408a can be used to determine a patient's cylinder graduation by measuring the amount of distortion that is necessary, along the axis of astigmatism of the patient, so that the patient see the figure as square with his uncorrected eye.

Referring now to the embodiments illustrated in Figures 4B, 4C, 4D and 4E, other embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated. In the embodiments of these figures, the patient has selected 308a, 308b, 308c, 308d and 308e of Figure 3, respectively. Therefore, the corresponding diagrams of those figures, 408b, 408c, 408d and 408e, respectively, are illustrated as being stretched along the axis selected by the patient for that figure. Specifically, Figure 4B shows the distorted diagram 408b along the 75 ° axis, Figure 4C shows the distorted diagram 408c along the 90 ° axis, Figure 4D shows the distorted diagram 408d along the axis of 165 ° and Figure 4E shows the distorted diagram 408e along the 180 ° axis. If the patient selects the “+” 412, the diagram lengthens along the axis. If the patient selects "-" 410, the diagram contracts along the axis. In this way, the patient can manipulate the diagram until the grids seem square with his uncorrected eye. As the patient manipulates the diagram, the 416 scale provides a visual representation of the patient when the diagram 408b, 408c, 408d or 408e has changed.

It should be appreciated that the system can distort the diagram in any suitable way, at any suitable speed and with any suitable increase. In one embodiment, the system automatically distorts the diagram before allowing the patient to provide input. In another embodiment, the system automatically begins to distort the diagram, and continues to distort the diagram until the patient contributes

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an input to stop distortion. In a further embodiment, the patient can further adjust the distortion of the diagram by providing at least one input. In another additional embodiment, the patient cannot further adjust the distortion of the diagram by providing any input. In another embodiment, the system does not distort the diagram before receiving at least one patient input.

Referring now to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. As shown in Figure 5, the patient has manipulated diagram 408f so that, for the uncorrected eye of the patient, the boxes appear square. Scale 416 shows that diagram 408f has been manipulated. At this point, the patient can click the icon 414 indicating that he sees the boxes in diagram 408f as squares. The system determines, from the amount of manipulation in diagram 408f, a cylinder measurement for that patient's eye.

It should be appreciated that the combination of the axis measurement and the cylinder measurement for a given eye of the patient can be used by the system to determine a deviation function to be applied to additional diagrams and figures intended for the given eye. In this way, astigmatism will not affect the results of the eye test, for example, because the figures used in the eye test will have been modified to counteract the effect of astigmatism.

Referring now to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 6, another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. At this stage of the procedure, the system displays visualization 200, and the progress bar indicates that the patient is currently in the eye test section 206. Specifically, the display 200 in Figure 6 is directed to calibrate a camera that can be coupled to the computerized screen to determine the patient's distance from the computerized screen. The system must know the patient's distance to accurately calculate the sphere measurements of the eye tests. If the patient's computerized screen does not have a camera, the system will provide the patient with a specified distance to which they should stay away from the screen. This distance may be the same or different for each case of the "small to large" eye test (described in blocks 122 and 124 of Figure 1A) and / or each "large to small" eye test case (described in blocks 126 and 128 of figure 1A).

Written instructions 606 of the exemplary embodiment illustrated in Figure 6 say: "1. Hold a credit card with the magnetic strip directed towards the camera. 2. Place the

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11 "card from the camera. 3. Use a piece of paper to measure 11 ”. Roll the paper lengthwise. Place one end in contact with the screen near the camera and the other in contact with the credit card. Remove the paper and keep the card in place. Click on the Calibrate button. 4. Click on the magnetic strip in the image. 5. When the magnetic strip is highlighted, click on the Done button. The camera display 610 shows the patient what the camera is seeing. The patient can follow the instructions to click on the 612 calibrate button and the 614 button made according to the written instructions. It should be appreciated that any other suitable or conventional method of calibration of the distance between the patient and the computerized screen can be used.

It should be appreciated that any suitable distance between the patient and the screen can be used. In one embodiment, the distance between the patient and the screen is determined based on whether the patient is myopic or hypermetrope. In a further embodiment, the system determines that the distance between the patient and the screen is the same for a myopic patient and a hypermetrope patient. In another embodiment, the system determines that the distances between the patient and the screen are different for a myopic patient and a hypermetrope patient. In one embodiment, the system can determine the distance between the patient and the screen depending on the class, type, dimensions or other characteristics of the screen. In another embodiment, the patient may be allowed to provide an entry concerning whether the determined entry is difficult for the patient to use. In a further embodiment, the system can determine a new distance between the patient and the screen after the patient provides an input regarding whether the determined input is difficult for the patient to use.

In another example embodiment, the patient system or terminal may use mirrors to simulate a greater or lesser distance between the patient and the computerized screen, as is conventional in projection technology, or, for example, an optometrist's office. In a further exemplary embodiment, the mirrors are adjustable based on the location of the patient, such that the patient can move and the mirrors can be adjusted to compensate for movement to maintain the same simulated distance.

In a further exemplary embodiment, the system can ask the patient his shoe size and sex and, using that information, causes the patient to estimate his distance from the computerized screen by heel toe measurement and enter that

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distance in the system. In an alternative example embodiment, the system can indicate to the patient that a certain number of steps with the heel attached to the tip of the other foot from the computerized screen, placing the patient at a fairly exact distance from the computerized screen.

Referring now to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 7A, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. At this stage of the procedure, the system displays visualization 200, and the progress bar indicates that the patient is currently in the eye test section 206. Oculometer 302, 304 indicates that the left eye 302 is being tested. For systems with cameras, the system provides a calibration box 708 with an estimation of the patient's distance from the computerized camera / screen. In one embodiment, the system uses the distance measured by the patient's camera from the screen to determine a source size or an icon size to display it to the patient as part of Figure 710.

Written 706 instructions say: "Cover your right eye. Move your face 28 inches from the screen. Click" I can see "when you can barely recognize the letters from that distance. DO NOT WAIT UNTIL THIS CLEAR! Use + and - to make sure the letters are only barely recognizable. ” Written instructions refer to Figure 710, which in this embodiment is a series of letters. It should be appreciated that any suitable class or number of visual signs, symbols, shapes or icons may constitute Figure 710, such as letters, numbers, drawings, or the like. As shown in Figure 7A, the system provides icons 712 and 716 selectable by the patient to adjust the figure until the patient sees the figure so that he can only barely distinguish the letters in the figure. When the patient sees the figure and can only distinguish the letters, the patient selects the icon 414 selectable by the patient. In one embodiment, Figure 710 begins small enough so that the patient cannot clearly see the figures, and the patient must provide at least one entry to increase the size of the figure until he can barely distinguish it. In another embodiment, shown in Figure 7B, the figure begins large enough so that the patient can see it clearly, and the patient must provide at least one entry to reduce the size of the figure until the figure can no longer be distinguished.

The system determines a sphere measurement from at least one input of an eye test "from small to large." The system determines another sphere measurement from at least one input of an eye test "large to small." As commented

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previously, the "small to large" eye test and the "large to small" eye test can be performed any number of times, in any order, for each eye, each eye test giving as a result a determined sphere measurement from The at least one patient input. In one embodiment, the system can perform only the "small to large" eye test, and not the "large to small" eye test. In another embodiment, the system can perform only the "large to small" eye test, and not the "small to large" eye test. Either or both eye tests may be performed one or more times per patient's eye. When the system has performed all cases of the eye test with both eyes, the system calculates the average of the sphere measurements of the eye test cases to determine a final sphere measure. It should be noted that the system may determine not to use a given sphere measurement in the final sphere measurement if a statistically significant unit of measurement is remote from the average of the resulting resulting sphere measurements. In one embodiment, the system takes the average of the resulting sphere measurements as the final sphere measurement.

It should be appreciated that the system can adjust the size of the figure in any suitable way, at any suitable speed and with any suitable increase. In one embodiment, the system automatically increases (for the "small to large" test) or reduces (for the "large to small" test) the figure before allowing the patient to provide an entry. In another embodiment, the system automatically begins to increase or decrease the figure, and continues to increase or decrease the figure until the patient provides an input to stop the increase or reduction. In a further embodiment, the patient can further adjust the size of the figure by providing at least one input. In another additional embodiment, the patient cannot further adjust the size of the figure by providing any input. In another embodiment, the system does not increase or reduce the figure before receiving at least one patient input.

It should be appreciated that the embodiments of the present disclosure described above may be implemented according to, or in conjunction with, one or more of a variety of different types of systems, such as, but not limited to, those described below.

Referring now to Figures 8A, 8B, 8C and 8D, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated, in which the system displays at least one diagram 800 of colored blocks and allows a patient to provide at least one entry for select a part that seems more defined in the diagram, in which the entry corresponds to a

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Determination that the patient is nearsighted or farsighted (if he does not wear corrective lenses), has excess or default correction (if he wears corrective lenses), or otherwise. The 800 color block diagram can be presented once, twice, or more in a series, for each eye. The 800 color block diagram may be the same or slightly different for each presentation to the patient. In the examples shown in Figures 8A, 8B, 8C and 8D, the color block diagrams 800 are slightly different.

Color block diagram 800 has at least two parts, shown as part 802 and part 804. In the embodiment shown in Figures 8A-D, parts 802 and 804 are half circles having a background color. In the examples shown in Figures 8A-D, part 802 has a brighter background color, while part 804 has a more muted background color. One skilled in the art should appreciate that any brighter and more dull color suitable as a background color of parts 802 and 804, respectively, can be used. In one embodiment, the 802 part has a background of the family of colors of green (including the various colors of green from dark to light, from bright to dark, and mixed with other colors, ie yellowish green or teal), while that part 804 has a background of the family of colors of red (including the various colors of red from dark to light, from bright to dark, and mixed with other colors, ie purple red or reddish orange). In another embodiment, part 802 has a background of the yellow family, while part 804 has a background of the purple family.

Parts 802 and 804 also include a plurality of lines 806 of various lengths that, when placed close to each other and viewed from a short distance, appear as an arrowhead shape. In each of Figures 8A-D, the directions of the arrows are directed facing each other, and are composed of horizontal or vertical lines 806. One skilled in the art should appreciate that any suitable number of lines (straight or curved, in any suitable density) can be used, arranged in any suitable direction, constituting any suitable aggregate form. In another additional embodiment, the lengths 806 may be replaced by filled or semi-filled shapes, such as calculations, squares, triangles, letters, numbers, etc. It should also be appreciated that parts 802 and 804 may be different forms of semicircles, such as semi-squares, semi-triangles, etc.

As mentioned earlier, the 800 block color diagram, in one or more of its configurations, can be used to determine if a patient is nearsighted or

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Hypermetrope if you don't wear corrective lenses. The system may instruct the patient to remove any corrective lens, such as glasses or contact lenses, before using the system. The system presents a color block diagram to an eye of the patient, and allows the patient to provide an entry regarding which of the arrow parts seems more clear to the uncorrected eye. In one embodiment, the patient may select that the 802 part with the brightest background appears sharper (i.e., lighter or more defined), that the 804 part with the brighter background appears sharper, or that the arrows on the 802 and 804 parts are approximately equal. In general, a selection that the 802 part with the brightest background is sharper than the 804 part with the brighter background suggests that the patient is hypermetrope. In general, a selection that the part 804 with the background more muted is sharper than the part 802 with the background brighter suggests that the patient is myopic. One skilled in the art should appreciate that performing two or more tests per eye with color block diagrams that have arrows pointing differently will help mitigate any subjective error of the patient. In one embodiment, the patient is presented with figures 8A to 8D in any order, for the first eye, then 8A to 8D, in any order, for the second eye. The system uses the results of one, two, three, four, or more color block diagram tests to determine the patient's nearsightedness or farsightedness.

It should be appreciated that the tests shown as an example in Figures 8A to 8D can also be used to determine if a patient has excess or default correction if performed while wearing corrective lenses. In an example embodiment, the patient performs the same steps described just above, individually for each eye, while wearing their corrective lenses. In this exemplary embodiment, a selection that the part 802 with the brightest background is sharper than the part 804 with the background more muted suggests that the patient has excess correction with their current corrective lenses, while a selection of which The 804 part with the bottom off is warmer than the 802 part with the brighter background suggests that the patient has default correction for their current corrective lenses.

Referring now to Figure 9A, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 9A is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a line diagram 900 and allows a patient to provide at least one input to perform the rotation of the diagram of lines, in which the at least one input corresponds to an axis measurement. In the example embodiment shown in Figure 9A, the line diagram 900 is a line, or

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a long thin rectangle on a solid background. The rectangle / line consists of alternate parts 902 and 904. Alternate parts 902 and 904 are of different colors. In the embodiment of Figure 9A, part 902 has a brighter background color, while part 904 has a more muted background color. One skilled in the art should appreciate that any brighter and more dull color suitable as a background color of parts 902 and 904, respectively, can be used. In one embodiment, part 902 has a background of the family of colors of green (including the various colors of green from dark to light, from bright to dark, and mixed with other colors, ie yellowish green or teal), while that part 904 has a background of the family of colors of red (including the various colors of red from dark to light, from bright to dark, and mixed with other colors, that is purple red or reddish orange). In another embodiment, part 902 has a background of the yellow family, while part 904 has a background of the purple family.

Alternate parts 902 and 904 may be of any suitable shape or size. For example, in Figure 9A, the alternate parts 902 and 904 are squares that constitute the rectangle / line of the line diagram 900, without any space between the parts. One skilled in the art should appreciate that two or more alternate parts can be used.

The system presents the 900 line diagram to the patient. In one embodiment, the system begins to rotate diagram 900 around its center. In another embodiment, the patient provides an input to begin the rotation of diagram 900 around its center. The turn is slow enough for the patient to identify the changes. In one embodiment, the patient may provide an entry to accelerate or slow down the rotation of diagram 900. In another embodiment, diagram 900 does not rotate automatically, and the patient must provide an entry corresponding to each rotation of diagram 900.

The applicant has surprisingly found that the use of a line diagram, such as line diagram 900, can be used to determine the graduation of a patient's axis with an accuracy within 1 °. Since the effect of astigmatism is to distort, or stretch, the view of a patient along an axis, when the line diagram 900 is near or on the axis of astigmatism of the patient, the alternate parts 902 and 904 will join blurred way and will appear a different color from any of the parties individually. In an exemplary embodiment in which part 902 is green and part 904 is red, the line appears yellow on or near the axis of astigmatism of the patient. One skilled in the art should appreciate that if the patient does not have astigmatism, the line does not

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It will seem to change color.

The axis of rotation of the line diagram 900 is made up of angles ranging between 0 degrees and 360 degrees. However, in an optical graduation, the angles are written in 0 degrees to 180 degrees. Therefore, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the angles of 0 ° and 180 ° are the same, 170 ° and 350 ° are the same, 100 ° and 280 ° are the same, etc. The axis line extends below the 180 ° point, and therefore the angles above 180 ° also have a corresponding equivalence below 180 °.

In one embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, the system presents the patient with the 900 line diagram, which can be rotated by indication of the system or the patient, as described above. The patient who is looking at the diagram with one corrected eye each time, is allowed to provide an entry corresponding to when he sees that the line seems to change color. In one embodiment, the patient is prevented from providing an entry that the line does not change color until at least one or more complete turns of the line have been completed. In another embodiment, once a patient provides an entry that indicates that the line appeared to change color, the patient is allowed to provide additional fine adjustment inputs that cause small turns of the line until the patient provides another entry corresponding to the angle in which the changed color seems sharper (that is, more intense, darker or lighter). In one embodiment, the fine adjustment inputs cause a rotation of 1 °. One skilled in the art should appreciate that other fine adjustment increments, such as 2nd, 5th or 10th, can be used. Since conventional subjective axis determination techniques use increments of 10 °, and since astigmatism can be along any axis (in any degree), any increase below 10 ° must provide a more accurate determination than the system of foroptero used by eye care professionals in the office. The angle selected by the entry corresponding to the angle at which the color changed seems sharper is the graduation of the patient's axis. Then the system repeats the procedure for the other uncorrected eye of the patient.

In one embodiment, the system allows the patient to provide an entry that reflects that the line did not appear to change color. One skilled in the art should appreciate that such an entry will suggest that the patient has no astigmatism in that eye. In a further embodiment, the system performs for the patient an additional axis test for that eye, such as that described in Figure 3. In a different additional embodiment, the system allows the patient to skip the cylinder test, and pass directly to an axis test for the

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another eye, or another kind of test, such as the power test.

Referring now to Figure 9B, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 9B is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a line diagram 906 and allows a patient to provide at least one input to affect separation or separation. size of various parts of the line diagram 906, in which the at least one input corresponds to a cylinder measurement.

The applicant has surprisingly found that the use of a line diagram, such as line diagram 906, can be used to accurately determine a patient's cylinder graduation. Since the effect of astigmatism is to distort, or stretch, the view of a patient along an axis, when the alternate parts are stretched to correspond with the intensity of the astigmatism of the patient, the patient's eye can once again convert the Alternate parts in their real colors. One skilled in the art should appreciate that if the patient does not have astigmatism, the line will only appear with the alternate parts in their real colors.

The line diagram 906 shown in the exemplary embodiment of Figure 9B is different from Figure 9A in that it is used to determine the intensity of astigmatism for a patient. If it was previously determined that the patient has an axis of astigmatism, this is the next test to determine how much astigmatism that individual has. The line diagram 906 is shown first in the astigmatism angle that was determined in the axis determination test with reference to Figure 9A, and has alternate parts 902 and 904, similar to those described above with reference to Figure 9A. As previously confirmed during the test described with reference to Figure 9A, the line diagram 906 should appear to be a different color from that of alternate parts 902 and 904. In the example in which the alternate parts 902 and 904 are green and red, respectively, the line diagram 906 in the axis of astigmatism for the patient undergoing the test should appear yellow to the patient.

The system presents diagram 906 of lines to an uncorrected eye of one patient at a time. In one embodiment, the system automatically increases the size (ie, length and / or width) of the alternate parts 902 and 904 until the patient provides an entry indicating that he can see the colors of the alternate parts again. The patient is allowed to provide fine adjustment inputs to change the size of the alternate parts

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to the size where you can see alternate colors for the first time. In an embodiment in which the 906 line diagram appears first yellow to a patient although parts 902 and 904 are green and red, respectively, the patient will provide an input when he begins to see again parts 902 and 904 green and red In another embodiment, the system does not automatically change the size of the alternate parts, and allows the patient to provide entries corresponding to all size changes.

In another embodiment, the system begins by inserting a space between alternate parts 902 and 904 until the patient provides an entry indicating that he can see the colors of the alternate parts again. The patient is allowed to provide fine-tuning entries to change the separation of the alternate parts to the size in which he can see alternate colors for the first time. In another embodiment, the system does not automatically change the separation of the alternate parts, and allows the patient to provide inputs corresponding to all separation changes.

One skilled in the art should appreciate that changes in size and separation can be made in the same test, at the same time, or sequentially in any order. In an exemplary embodiment, the size of the alternate parts 902 and 904 changes until the patient provides an input, at which time the system allows the patient to provide fine-tuning inputs that affect the size, separation, or both of The alternate parts. In another exemplary embodiment, the separation of alternate parts 902 and 904 changes until the patient provides an input, at which time the system allows the patient to provide fine-tuning inputs that affect the separation, size, or both. of the alternate parts. The system determines the intensity of astigmatism, or the patient's cylinder graduation, from the final size and / or separation of the alternate parts. Then the system repeats the procedure for the other uncorrected eye of the patient.

Referring now to Figures 10A and 10B, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 10A is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a line diagram 1101 and allows a patient to provide at least one entry, in which the at least an input corresponds to a cylinder measurement. Figure 10B is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure in which the figure of 10A can rotate to align with the determined axis of astigmatism of a patient.

In the example embodiment shown in Figures 10A and 10B, diagram 1001/1004 of

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Lines is a series of lines, or long thin rectangles on a solid background. The series of lines includes lines of different sizes. In the example embodiment shown in Figure 10A, the lines increase in size as they are seen from the top of diagram 1001 to the bottom of diagram 1001. The rectangles / lines are made up of alternate parts 1002 and 1003. The alternate parts 1002 and 1003 are of different colors, one brighter and the other more muted, similar to the alternate parts 902 and 904 discussed above. In the embodiment of Figure 10A, part 1003 has a brighter background color, while part 1002 has a more muted background color.

One skilled in the art should appreciate that the size of the alternate lines or parts, and the separation between the alternate lines or parts, can be of any suitable amount. For example, Figures 10A and 10B show the lines separated by a space, but the alternate parts of each line are immediately adjacent. In another exemplary embodiment, the alternate parts may have a space between them and the lines may be immediately adjacent.

The system presents diagram 1001 or 1104 of lines to an uncorrected eye of one patient at a time. The patient is allowed to provide at least one entry to select one or more lines that appear different in color from the remaining lines. In an exemplary embodiment in which part 1003 is green and part 1002 is red, a line of alternate parts appears yellow below the cylinder, or the astigmatism intensity of the astigmatism of the patient. The selection can be done in any suitable way, such as by selecting and clicking on a line, or a button representing a line, such as buttons 1000.

The applicant has surprisingly found that the use of a line diagram, such as line diagrams 1001 and 1004, can be used to accurately determine a patient's cylinder graduation. Since the effect of astigmatism is to distort, or stretch, the view of a patient along an axis, when the alternate parts are stretched to correspond with the intensity of the astigmatism of the patient, the patient's eye can once again convert the Alternate parts in their real colors. One skilled in the art should appreciate that if the patient does not have astigmatism, the lines will only appear with alternate parts in their real colors.

Referring now to Figure 11B, another embodiment of the present is illustrated.

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disclosure. Figure 11B is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a diagram 1105 of concentric semicircles and allows a patient to provide at least one input, in which the minus one input corresponds to a measure of axis and / or cylinder.

In the example embodiment shown in Fig. 11B, the semicircle diagram 1105 is a semi-circle on a solid background. The half circle consists of alternate parts 1107 and 1108, arranged in concentric half circles. The alternate parts 1107 and 1108 are of different colors, one brighter and the other more muted, similar to the alternate parts 902 and 904 discussed above. In the embodiment of Figure 11B, part 1108 has a brighter background color, while part 1107 has a more muted background color.

The alternate parts 1107 and 1108 may be of any suitable shape or size, with any suitable separation between them. For example, in Fig. 11B, the alternate parts 1107 and 1108 are concentric curved rectangular sections that make up the half circle of diagram 1105, without any space between the parts. One skilled in the art should appreciate that two or more alternate parts can be used. In the exemplary embodiment of Figure 11B, the semicircle diagram 1105 is divided into portions by radial lines 1009. It should be appreciated that the radial lines can be placed at any suitable angular distance from each other, such as at 1, 2, 5, 10 or 30 degrees, or at any other degree increase. It is preferable that the angular distance can be divided evenly into 180 degrees. As shown in Figure 11B, radial lines 1009 are placed 20 degrees apart.

The system presents the 1105 diagram of half circles to an uncorrected eye of one patient at a time. The patient is allowed to provide at least one entry to select one or more portions that appear different in color from the remaining portions. The selection can be made in any suitable manner, such as by selecting and clicking on a portion, or a button representing a portion, such as buttons 1106.

The applicant has surprisingly found that the use of a semi-circle diagram, such as the semi-circular diagram 1105, can be used to determine the graduation of a patient's axis. Since the effect of astigmatism is to distort, or stretch, the view of a patient along an axis, in the part of the half circle diagram near the axis of astigmatism of the patient, alternate parts 1107 and 1108 will blur together Y

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they will appear of a different color from that of any of the parts individually. In an exemplary embodiment in which part 1108 is green and part 1107 is red, a part of a portion appears yellow on or near the axis of astigmatism of the patient. One skilled in the art should appreciate that greater blurring of colors away from the center of the calculation diagram indicates a more intense astigmatism cylinder measurement. One skilled in the art should appreciate that if the patient does not have astigmatism, none of the portions of the portions will appear to change color.

Referring now to Figure 12B, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 12B is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a radius diagram 1205 and allows a patient to provide at least one input, in which the at least an input corresponds to an approximate axis measure.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 12B, the radius diagram 1205 is a series of lines, or long thin rectangles on a solid bottom, arranged as radial lines on a semi-circular dark background 1209. In the example embodiment shown in Figure 12B, the lines are approximately the same size. The rectangles / lines are composed of alternate parts 1207 and 1208. The alternate parts 1207 and 1208 are of different colors, one brighter and the other more muted, similar to the alternate parts 902 and 904 discussed above. In the embodiment of Figure 12B, part 1207 has a brighter background color, while part 1208 has a more muted background color.

The system presents the 1205 radius diagram to an uncorrected eye of one patient at a time. The patient is allowed to provide at least one entry to select one or more lines that appear different in color from the remaining lines. In an exemplary embodiment in which part 1207 is green and part 1208 is red, a line of alternate parts appears yellow on or near the astigmatism axis of the patient. The selection can be done in any suitable way, such as by selecting and clicking on a line, or a button representing a line, such as buttons 1206.

Referring now to Figure 11A, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 11A is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays a thin radius diagram 1002, which is a smaller angular part of the radius diagram 1205, and

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it allows a patient to provide at least one entry, in which the at least one entry corresponds to a fine axis measurement.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 11A, the radius diagram 1102 is a series of long thin lines, or rectangles on a solid background, arranged as radial lines on a part of a semicircular dark background. In the example embodiment shown in Figure 11A, the lines are approximately the same size. The rectangles / lines are composed of alternate parts 1103 and 1104. The alternate parts 1103 and 1104 are of different colors, one brighter and the other more muted, similar to the alternate parts 902 and 904 discussed above. In the embodiment of Figure 11A, part 1104 has a brighter background color, while part 1103 has a more muted background color.

The system presents the radius diagram 1102 to an uncorrected eye of one patient at a time. The patient is allowed to provide at least one entry to select one or more lines that appear different in color from the remaining lines. In an exemplary embodiment in which part 1104 is green and part 1103 is red, a line of alternate parts appears yellow on or near the axis of astigmatism of the patient. The selection can be done in any suitable way, such as by selecting and clicking on a line, or a button representing a line, such as buttons 1101. A person skilled in the art should appreciate that the fine radius diagram 1102 represents the part from the approximate radius diagram 1205 that the patient previously selected as appearing different in color from the other parts of the diagram. It should also be noted that the fine radius diagram 1102 uses smaller angular increments between the radial lines to provide a more accurate angular axis determination. In another exemplary embodiment, the patient may first select a portion of the half circle diagram 1105, then use the fine shaft diagram 1102 to fine-tune the axis determination. In such an example, the angular part used in diagram 1102 corresponds to the section or portion sections selected by the patient as appearing different from the rest of the portions in 1105.

The applicant has surprisingly found that the use of a radius diagram, such as radius diagrams 1102 and 1205, can be used to accurately determine the graduation of a patient's axis. Since the effect of astigmatism is to distort, or stretch, the view of a patient along an axis, in the part of the radius diagram near the axis of astigmatism of the patient, alternate parts 1103 and 1104 of diagram 1102, and

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Parts 1207 and 1208 of diagram 1205 will be blurred together and appear to be a different color from that of any of the parts individually. One skilled in the art should appreciate that if the patient does not have astigmatism, none of the lines will appear to change color. It will also be appreciated that any suitable size, separation or shape of the alternate parts can be used as long as they are along the various axes.

Referring now to Figure 12A, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 12A is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays the line diagram 1201, and allows a patient to provide at least two entries, in which the minus two entries correspond to a cylinder size.

In the example embodiment shown in Figure 12A, the line diagram 1201 is a line, or a long thin rectangle on a solid dark background. The rectangle / line is composed of alternate parts 1202 and 1203. The alternate parts 1202 and 1203 are of different colors, one brighter and the other more muted, similar to the alternate parts 902 and 904 discussed above. In the embodiment of Figure 12A, part 1202 has a brighter background color, while part 1203 has a more muted background color.

The applicant has surprisingly found that when a patient with astigmatism sees a diagram like 1201, he will see a double line, or two lines, instead of the individual line presented in the diagram. The applicant has also surprisingly found that the amount of distance between the two lines that appear corresponds to the patient's cylinder size. It should be appreciated that a patient without astigmatism will only see the individual line.

The system displays the 1201 line diagram to an uncorrected eye of one patient at a time. The patient is allowed to provide at least two entries to select the edge of a first line that appears and to select the edge of the second line that appears, as shown by arrows 1200 and 1204 in Figure 12A. In this way, the patient is identifying the distance between the two lines that appear. The patient is also allowed to select that he only sees one line, which indicates that he has no astigmatism, or that the size of the alternate parts is greater than his cylinder axis. In such an example, the system can resubmit diagram 1201 with smaller alternate parts. The selection of the starting and ending points of the two lines that

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Appear can be done in any suitable way.

Referring now to Figure 13, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 13 is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, in which the system displays the line diagram 1304, and allows a patient to provide at least one entry, in which the minus one input corresponds to a cylinder measurement.

In the example embodiment shown in Figure 13, the line diagram 1304 is a line, or a long thin rectangle on a solid bottom, in which the width and height of the line increases when viewed from left to right. The rectangle / line is composed of alternate parts 1301 and 1302. Alternate parts 1301 and 1302 are of different colors, one brighter and the other more muted, similar to the alternate parts 902 and 904 discussed above. In the embodiment of Figure 13, part 1302 has a brighter background color, while part 1301 has a more muted background color. It should be appreciated that any suitable arrangement of lines of different sizes is appropriate. For example, the width and height of the line can decrease from left to right, or the line can be oriented vertically (or at any angle with respect to the horizontal) as contraposition to horizontally. In another example, there may be a space between the line segments of different sizes. In the example embodiment shown in Figure 13, there is no space between the line segments of different sizes.

The system displays the diagram 1304 of lines to an uncorrected eye of one patient at a time. The patient is allowed to provide at least one entry to select one or more line segments that appear different in color from the remaining lines. In an exemplary embodiment in which part 1302 is green and part 1301 is red, a line segment of the alternate parts appears yellow below the cylinder, or the astigmatism intensity of the astigmatism of the patient. The selection can be done in any suitable way, such as by selecting and clicking on a line segment, or a button representing a line segment, such as buttons 1303.

The applicant has surprisingly found that the use of a line diagram, such as line diagram 1304, can be used to accurately determine a patient's cylinder graduation. Since the effect of astigmatism is to distort, or stretch, the view of a patient along an axis, when the alternate parts are stretched to

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Corresponding to the intensity of the astigmatism of the patient, the patient's eye can once again convert the alternate parts into their real colors. One skilled in the art should appreciate that if the patient does not have astigmatism, the lines will only appear with alternate parts in their real colors.

Referring now to Figures 14A-D, other embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated. Figures 14A-D are screenshots of exemplary embodiments of the system of the present disclosure demonstrating that the alternate parts may be of different sizes or separations, but still perform tests for determination in determining the intensity of astigmatism. From figure 14A to figure 14D, the separation between alternate parts increases. However, as long as the size and separation are known, each of figures 14A to 14D can be used by the system.

Referring now to Figure 15, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 15 is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, which demonstrates that the alternate parts may be of different sizes or separations, but still perform tests for the same determination of the astigmatism axis. Compare, for example, Figure 12B with Figure 15, which has larger alternate parts. However, as long as the size and separation are known, each of Figures 12B and Figure 15 can be used by the system.

Referring now to Figure 16, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 16 is a screenshot of an example of an embodiment of the system of the present disclosure, which shows that a figure of approximate determination of the axis of astigmatism can be modified in terms of size and shape, and be stretched secondarily, and It can still be used by the system to determine an axis of astigmatism for a patient. For example, Figure 16 shows a slight horizontal stretch compared to the perfectly semicircular figure of Figure 11B. Figure 16 also shows, in comparison with Figure 11B, smaller alternate parts and a larger number of portions of the figure that do not coincide at a central point of the semicircular figure.

In another example embodiment, the system can test or confirm the astigmatism axis of a patient by visualizing only certain axes. For example, the system can visualize a set of shapes (such as calculations) filled with lines of alternate colors (bright and dull), as described above. In this

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For example, all the lines in a given calculation will have the same axis, and the lines in the remaining calculations may have other axes. The system will allow the patient to provide at least one entry to select a calculation that appears blurred for each of their uncorrected eyes, tested individually. For example, in the case where the bright color is selected from the family of green and the off color is selected from the family of red, the patient can select the circle that appears yellow. Based on the at least one patient input, the system can determine or confirm the graduation of the patient's axis. For example, in a situation where the test is being carried out to confirm a graduation, the system will determine if the graduation is confirmed by comparing the axis of the calculation or the selected patient calculations with the axis previously determined. If the axis measurements coincide or are close, then the graduation is confirmed. It should be appreciated that the system can use any suitable number of forms, any suitable number of axes, and any suitable number of iterations of the test to initially test or to confirm a graduation of the axis for a patient.

In another example embodiment, the system can test or confirm the graduation of a patient's cylinder by visualizing separate forms. The applicant has surprisingly found that separate forms located along the axis of astigmatism of the patient and correspondingly separated with the patient's cylinder (or more) will appear to be in contact when seen with the uncorrected eye of the patient (each eye individually). For example, the system can visualize two or more points in a grid or any other suitable pattern, in which at least two of the points are separated along the axis of astigmatism of the patient. The system will allow the patient to provide at least one entry to select or otherwise identify the points that appear to be in contact for each of their uncorrected eyes, individually tested. Based on the at least one patient input, the system can determine or confirm the patient's cylinder graduation, in which the actual distance between the points that appear to be in contact for the uncorrected eye of the patient corresponds to a cylinder measurement . For example, in a situation in which the test is being performed to confirm a graduation, the system will determine if the graduation is confirmed by comparing the cylinder of the selected points of the patient with the cylinder that was previously determined. If the cylinder measurements match or are close, then the graduation is confirmed. It should be appreciated that the system can use any suitable number of shapes, any suitable number of axes, any suitable color, and any suitable number of iterations of the test to test

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initially or to confirm a cylinder graduation for a patient. It should also be appreciated that the separate shapes may be separated at different intervals, or that more than one visualization (with varying intervals between the shapes) may be used in order to fine-tune the cylinder determination.

It should be appreciated that all astigmatism determination tests described with reference to Figures 9A to 16 may consist of alternate parts of any suitable form, including, but not limited to, the squares and rectangles represented in the figures, and any number or combination suitable alternate colors in any suitable color family. It should also be appreciated that whenever a patient cannot see a color change with respect to the other figures displayed, it may be due to one of the following issues: (1) the patient does not have astigmatism; (2) the size of the alternate parts displayed corresponds to a cylinder error greater than that of the patient; and / or (3) the diagram is not in the axis of astigmatism of the patient. To deal with the situation (1), the system may allow a patient to provide an entry that indicates he has no astigmatism. To deal with the situation (2), the system can reduce the size of the alternate parts, re-visualize the diagram, and ask the patient again regarding any perceived color change. To address the situation (3), the system can re-determine the axis by presenting the patient with the same or a different axis test.

Referring now to Figure 17, another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 17 is a screenshot of an example of a realization of the system of the present disclosure, demonstrating a possible configuration for a macular degeneration test. Using such a test, the system allows a patient to perform an examination of the locations in which he has lost a partial amount or total amount of vision. As is well known in the art, it is common practice for optometrists to test this using a simple grid on a sheet of paper (lines from left to right and from top to bottom) with a marked center. The patient is told to stare at the center with one eye at a time and draw with a pencil any area that seems distorted, missing, or otherwise different from the rest. The optometrist notes in the patient's history that parts of his retina are damaged. Such a test is useful for macular degeneration, in which patients lose their central vision, as well as other retinal problems such as diabetic retinopathy, in which specific parts of a person's vision disappear or become blurred. . In contrast to this prior art system, the system of the present disclosure is more advanced. The system displays a figure that includes a

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set of curved lines. In the embodiment shown in Figure 17, Figure 1700 has lines 1702 generally semicircular curves open to the right, and a central region 1704. The system tells the patient to focus their sight on the central region with a single uncorrected eye each time, and allows the patient to select any line that appears to have blurred or missing parts. Alternatively, the system allows the patient to select the parts of the lines that appear to be blurry or missing. Then the system visualizes a similar set of curved lines, but this time with the opening directed towards some other direction, such as to the left. In one embodiment, the second figure is displayed open to the opposite side of the first figure. It should be appreciated that the orientation of the curved lines may differ in terms of their actual vertex shape or angle, and may be any suitable vertex shape or angle. The system increases the intensity of the lines or parts of lines selected by the user and allows the patient to provide at least one entry regarding whether their vision improves in those areas based on the increase in intensity. One skilled in the art should appreciate that the at least one entry corresponds to a level of increase for that region of a patient's vision, which corresponds to a particular location in the patient's retina that has experienced at least some vision loss. . The system can then use the determined magnification level for the creation of lenses to create a specific custom lens with precise additional magnification levels in certain locations to assist in the patient's overall ability to see throughout his entire field of vision. . In one embodiment, the system can be used to track macular degeneration (or other degenerative eye disease) at home, and monitor changes as vision changes progress. One skilled in the art should appreciate that such routine tests are important for those with, or at risk of, vision problems since a sudden change or threshold level of change may be harmful, and may need immediate evaluation by a physician.

In another exemplary embodiment of a vision loss test, the system uses straight lines instead of the curved lines described above with reference to Figure 17. In an example embodiment of this type, the first figure displayed includes vertical lines, and the system allows the patient to provide at least one entry to select the line or lines, or parts of lines, that appear distorted or have missing parts. Then the system visualizes horizontal lines and allows the patient to provide at least one entry to select the line or lines, or parts of lines, that appear distorted or have missing parts. A person skilled in the art should appreciate that the lines can have any angle or format, any thickness or color, and they can also

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be used with a combination of straight and curved lines, or a combination of semi-straight or modified lines in any suitable combination as long as the patient is allowed to identify, and therefore the system can determine, the coordinates of the section (s) in the patient's retina that correlates (n) with missing or altered vision. It should also be appreciated that if the lines identified by the patient are of a type of circular distortion or loss of circular vision, a system such as the one described above can easily identify that type and can therefore isolate any future vision changes that differ of the original regions. An example of vision loss of this type occurs in those with diabetic changes, or those with advanced macular degeneration. Traditional visual exams usually only monitor these changes every six months to a year and do not allow a constant analysis of progression to take place. In the system described by this disclosure, tests and analysis can be carried out easily and conveniently more frequently so that any such change can be detected more accurately and urgently. In addition, it is contemplated that the results of such tests can be stored and accumulated in a generic database so that the system can compare data of loss of vision of a specific patient with those of the general population, analyzing data points of loss of vision between right and left eye of an individual with those of right and left eye intervals of those of the entire population or the set of patient data stored in the system database.

In one embodiment, the system includes determining the deviation, and therefore, the quality, of a patient's progressive lenses. Progressive lenses, also called progressive addition lenses (PAL), progressive power lenses, progressive graduation lenses, and varifocal or multifocal lenses, are corrective lenses used in glasses to correct presbyopia and other disorders. Progressive lenses include at least two different graduations in different parts of the lens, and a gradient between them. Generally, progressive lenses begin with the graduation of the patient's distance near the top of the lens and progresses to the graduation of addition power (or reading glasses) near the bottom of the lens. The gradient can be as regular or long as necessary for patient comfort. However, the progression of the graduations in these lenses creates regions of aberration away from the optical axis, causing blurring or deviation, which varies in relation to the quality of the lens. The higher the quality of the lens, the lower the blur, while the lower the quality of the lens, the greater the blur. Therefore, it is advantageous to inform patients of the blurring inherent in progressive lenses, their causes, and options for reducing

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blur and increase clarity. In an example embodiment, the system displays a figure. In a further exemplary embodiment, the displayed figure is a grid of lines, similar to that shown with reference number 408a in Figure 4A, or the one described above with reference to the macular degeneration test of the technique. previous based on optometrist. It should be appreciated that the system can fill an entire computerized screen with such a grid, or a part of the computerized screen. The system tells the patient to look at the displayed figure with a corrected eye (wearing a progressive lens) each time. The system allows the patient to provide at least one entry to identify areas of distortion or blur. It should be appreciated that any suitable method of user input can be allowed, such as contouring or drawing with a cursor, simple selection of pointing and clicking, by means of a touch screen, by a remote control, by voice control, or by any other known device and input method. Then the system can describe the amount of distortion present in the lens by a simple percentage (that is, if the patient selects 5 percent of the blocks as distorted or blurred, it will have a distortion of 5%) and warn the patient that reduction At the distortion level it can provide a higher quality lens.

It should also be noted that both the vision loss test and the progressive lens check test described in the preceding paragraphs can be used by the system that displays a simple Amsler grid image with lines running from top to bottom and from left to right. and allowing a patient to select areas that appear blurry or missing by any means of entry and proper selection. It should also be appreciated that any suitable color combination can be used, such as black lines on a white background (black on white), blue on yellow, blue on red, white on red, or any other suitable color combination.

In another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the system includes a visual field test. Normally, a patient tests their visual field using a specific machine located in the consultation at a doctor's view. The conventional visual field test machine works as follows: a patient places his head against or inside a machine and looks through a viewfinder. The machine tests each eye individually (for example, blocking the view of the eye that is not being tested) and instructs the patient to focus the eye on a central point, and click on a button (or other device entry) with your hand to select when

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You can see a point that is projecting in your field of vision through the viewfinder. The machine projects points as a flash relatively quickly, and if a patient does not provide an entry that saw a point, the machine marks the point associated with that point as having some vision loss. Frequently, the machine will retest these areas later, lengthening the procedure to test the patient. When performed in a doctor's office, the test is often difficult and uncomfortable for a patient to perform. Many patients find it difficult to concentrate for such a long period of time, and often elderly patients end up falling asleep while they are doing the test. However, a visual field test is an important diagnostic tool used for the determination and routine monitoring of patients with glaucoma, brain tumors, diabetes and many other conditions. Therefore, it would be advantageous to provide a visual field test that can be performed in a location away from a doctor's office and comfortable for the patient, such as at the patient's home. Additionally, in a remote location, the patient can take his time with the test, and stop the test if he is distracted or tired, providing so! A more accurate result. In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the system includes a visual field test that allows a patient to be performed at a location away from a doctor's office. In such a system, the patient may be instructed to focus his sight on a central point (or other form) as is conventional, or he may be instructed to focus his sight on a cursor present on the computerized screen. Typically, the system tests one patient's eye at a time while focusing their eyes on one location. A weak point (or other suitable shape or figure) is displayed on the screen, in an area corresponding to a part of the patient's visual field, and the patient is allowed to provide at least one entry to imply that he saw the point. The system can use any suitable input method, such as allowing the patient to move their mouse over the area where the point appeared and click on it, touch the area (if a touch screen device is being used), select a button , voice control or other suitable methods. If the patient is too slow to provide at least one entry, the system will flash another point on the computerized screen and mark that area to retest or as having some vision loss. The time interval for displaying the point on the computerized screen is generally fast, and can be any suitable amount of time, such as 0.2 seconds. The system allows the patient to provide at least one input to make the visualization of the point (longer or shorter) be adjusted. Once the system has at least completely tested the locations in the patient's visual field and has

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After receiving any associated patient input, it determines the patient's visual field based on those registered entries, and any absence of registered entries. The system can further adjust the light intensity of the displayed shape or figure, or display the shape or shape in any suitable color or combination of colors.

A possible problem with such a system is that a patient can move during the test (although he is told not to do so) which will cause the location of the points on the screen to be associated with a new position in the eye of the patient. Therefore, the system may include a method to determine if the patient has moved during the test. One possible method is to determine and periodically check the location of the patient's blind spot. As is known in the art, each person has a physiological blind spot in each eye in which the optic nerve passes through the optic disc of the retina since there is no photoreceptor cell that detects light in that location. The location of the blind spot can be determined by methods well known in the art, such as visualizing two shapes or figures separated by a known distance and instructing the user to cover one eye, look at the shape or figure opposite that eye, and move the eye closer or farther from the screen until the shape or figure disappears. The other side of the blind spot is determined when the opposite effect occurs. The system can also periodically visualize points in the patient's blind spot. If the patient provides at least one entry that implies that he sees a point that should have been in his blind spot, the system will determine that the test has become inaccurate and will recalibrate based on the patient's new location. It should be appreciated that the system can employ any suitable method of determining whether a patient has moved in addition to, or instead, the methods described above.

Another possible problem with such a system is that the patient needs to know how far from the screen to place the eye. Therefore, the system may include a method to determine how far the patient should be. One possible method is to use the determined location of the patient's blind spot, as is conventional and described above. Alternatively, the system can use any method of calculating the appropriate distance, such as those known in the art or described herein.

One skilled in the art should appreciate that the system can use a system based on static questions, as opposed to a system based on changing images.

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dynamically. In an example realization of a system based on static questions, the system can visualize four figures, three identical and one different. The system will allow the patient to provide at least one entry to identify the different figure. In such a system, the figures can begin with a relatively large size, and as the patient correctly selects the different figure, the system will continuously reduce the size of the figures displayed until the patient can no longer correctly select the different figure. . One skilled in the art should appreciate that if the initial size, the speed of reduction of the size, and the number of correct entries are known, the system can calculate the appropriate sphere measurement for the patient's graduation. It should also be appreciated that any kind of figure may be used, such as letters, numbers or shapes, that any suitable number of figures may be used greater than one, such as 2, 3, 4 or more, and that any suitable number of figures may be used. Similar or different. For example, the system can display five figures, three identical and two different. It should also be appreciated that any suitable input device can be used, such as clicking by a cursor, mouse, or touch pad, by a touch screen, by a remote control, by voice control, or by any other input method and method known.

In another embodiment, the system includes measuring the surface of a patient's cornea. In such a system, the patient's eye is illuminated with a series of concentric rings of any suitable number, such as two, three, four, five, six, or more, which have a known distance between each ring. In an exemplary embodiment, the rings are each separated by the same known distance. In another exemplary embodiment, at least one ring is separated a known distance different from its adjacent rings. Illumination of the patient's eye can occur in any suitable manner, such as by projection. After the patient's eye has been illuminated, the system takes a picture of the patient's eye illuminated with the concentric rings. In an alternative embodiment, the system allows the patient (or a patient assistant) to take the picture using the system, or using another mode of the patient terminal in which the system is being used. In another alternative embodiment, the system tells the patient (or a patient's assistant) to take the picture using a separate camera device, such as a digital camera, a camera phone, a computer or tablet equipped with camera, or any other suitable camera device. Applicants have surprisingly found that the distortion in the separation between the concentric rings as they appear illuminated in a patient's eye corresponds to the topology of the patient's cornea. In particular, applicants have found

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Surprisingly, when the illuminated concentric rings appear closer to each other, the cornea structure is steeper, while if the illuminated concentric rings appear farther away, the cornea structure is more flat. Therefore, the system can determine the exact steepness of the cornea based on the separation distance between the illuminated cornea rings compared to the original known separation between the concentric rings. The system can also detect if the patient's cornea has a malformed surface, such as keratoconus or an injury based on the appearance of the illuminated concentric rings above the patient's eye.

In another embodiment the system includes a module for measuring pupillary distance. One skilled in the art should appreciate that most of the distances of the innermost (medial) and outer (lateral) song are routinely within a small range of about 3 cm in all cultures, races and sexes, provided that the individual is in adulthood (generally considered to be 18 years of age or older). Applicants have surprisingly found that, from this known interval, the system can determine the scale of an image, and therefore calculate additional desired distances, such as the pupillary distance of a patient. Once the system has determined the pupillary distance of the patient from an image of the patient based, in part, on the scale of the image and the known singing intervals, the system can allow the patient to view virtual different frames of glasses sized to fit the image of your face, and your determined pupillary distance. In such an embodiment, the system can display an image of the patient with mock spectacle frames displayed above the patient's face, and may allow the patient to modify the appearance of the frames, for example, by changing the size, shape, the color, the material, the texture, etc. of mock mounts. One skilled in the art should appreciate that the system can determine other desired facial measures based on known singing distances, and that it can "adapt" virtually any other desired garment or accessory by the methods disclosed herein. A person skilled in the art should also appreciate that the methods disclosed herein can be applied outside the context of the facial structure to any part of a human or animal body that is known to have a habitual or approximately habitual size, and therefore they can be used to navigate virtually and "adapt" any suitable type of clothing or accessory, which matches the size of the underlying image.

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A person skilled in the art should also appreciate that the pupillary distance module described above can be used to calculate other facial features or biometric data that can be used to uniquely identify an individual. For example, the system can use the known singing distance to calculate the width and / or height of the face of a patient positioned in any suitable manner, such as facing the camera, or in full or partial profile. It should be appreciated that the biometric data calculated by the system (such as pupillary distance, or other facial dimensions) can be used by a camera equipped device to block or unlock access to various applications in the device (or the device itself) based on a comparison between the biometric data known to the device and the biometric data of the person detected by the camera of the device. If the known biometric data and the detected biometric data are similar with a sufficiently high degree (such as equal, separated by a statistically insignificant difference, or almost equal within a confidence interval) then the device will identify the detected person as the known person and will allow access to the detected person. It should be noted that such a biometrics-based system works because certain proportions and facial measurements are unique to individuals. Possible problems with such a system include that a person unknown to the system may attempt to deceive the system to authenticate a photograph or video of the known person. Then the system will recognize the biometric data of the photo or video and will allow access without the known person being really present. To avoid these problems, the system can tell the person you want to access to blink with one eye (or to blink with either or both of the eyes in a random or predetermined combination or pattern). One skilled in the art should appreciate that any facial expression or combination of facial expressions suitable and recognizable by the system (for example a smile and a wink, sticking out the tongue, etc.) can be used. If the device equipped with a camera is also equipped with flash, the system can activate the flash to determine if a real person is present (as opposed to a recording or photograph). When the flash is activated, a person will still be visible to the camera sensor, but the photo or video will be dimmed and difficult to detect. The system can also perceive or detect shadows on the face (and if they change) to confirm that a real person is present.

In a further embodiment, the pupil distance measurement system / biometric access system may allow the known person access to block or unlock access to various applications on the device (or the device itself). In

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In this additional embodiment, different facial expressions or combinations of facial expressions suitable and recognizable by the system can be used to access, or exit from, different applications (or the device itself). For example, the patient can take out the tongue to access the device, can guide the right eye and then the left eye to access an application, such as an inbox, then can guide the left eye followed by the right eye to access to a second application. It should be appreciated that these combinations of facial expressions suitable and recognizable by the system can be used as shortcuts to perform actions within an application as well as to provide access to (or close) applications or the device itself.

In another embodiment, the system includes a tonometer test with breath of air. Such a test can be implemented for a mobile device, in an autonomous location, in a cabin-like environment, or in any suitable location, such as using a small and simple dockable reflective device that expels an air force through a tiny opening by methods known in the art. One skilled in the art should appreciate that the breath of air will be forced on the cornea of a human or non-human eye, in order to measure its intraocular pressure. A coupling device such a reflective device may include a high power photographic lens system that will allow the camera to determine how much the cornea has flattened in response to the breath of air. In an alternative embodiment, the system includes a sensor to measure a recoil or return of air to the sensor after the air has been blown into the patient's cornea. A person skilled in the art should appreciate that the sensor can measure the amount of air return both in terms of intensity and delay. In such an embodiment, the system determines the patient's intraocular pressure based on the sensor measurements. It should also be appreciated that the system can use more than one form of measurement and / or more than one measurement iteration to ensure accuracy. By using such a docking device, this allows the patient to measure their intraocular pressure in the most convenient or comfortable way for the patient.

In another embodiment the system includes the ability to allow the patient to consult a database of spectacle frames. In an example realization of such a system, the system allows a patient to photograph glasses frames that he likes, or already has, and to introduce the image into the system. In a further embodiment, the system may instruct the patient to take a picture of the front frames, as well as with one or two side views of the frames, with the frames either placed on the patient or alone. The system uses the photograph or photographs to determine characteristics of the

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frame such as size, shape, size, color, texture, materials or any other suitable feature to consult the database of frames known by the system to find matching or similar frames that the patient may prefer. The system can determine the characteristics of the photographed frames in any suitable manner, such as a quick wire mesh analysis of the frames on the patient's face. As disclosed herein, the system is allowed to determine the necessary dimensions of the patient's face to accurately determine selections of matching or similar mounts to visualize the patient. In an exemplary realization of such a system, patients can navigate mounts in their local optics, and take photographs of their preferred mounts, then use the mobile phone application on line disclosed, or a cabin-based system, to buy a pair of frames that are similar in shape, size, color or any other feature. In another example embodiment, the system can query the database based on a photograph of someone other than the patient, such as a photograph provided by the patient of someone unknown to the system, or a photograph of a publication, such as a magazine .

In another embodiment, the system includes an acoustic vibration eye pressure sensor to determine a patient's eye pressure. One skilled in the art should appreciate that such a system is based on the known fact that objects will vibrate in response to sound waves. Applicants have surprisingly found that the various types and frequencies of sound waves correlate directly with the associated vibration that occurs in the cornea based on eye pressure, and that these vibrations can be measured by a camera sensor that captures changes in the luminous reflections from a camera or by means of a microphone or other suitable sensor that captures the frequency of the sound reflected back from the eye subject to pulses. The system sends sound wave pulses at any conventional or variable frequency suitable against the cornea structure of the patient, then measures the vibration of the cornea to determine the pressure within the cornea. Applicants have surprisingly found that changes in light reflections from a camera or the measured frequency of sound reflected from an eye subject to pulses correlate with the vibration in the cornea based on eye pressure. Applicants have also surprisingly found that such systems are functional using ultrasonic sound waves, infrasonic sound waves and / or acoustic sound waves. In an example embodiment, pulses of a combination of infrasonic and acoustic sound waves with various time intervals and intensities and sound / decibel levels are sent,

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and the patient's cornea vibrates according to the various levels and according to its internal pressure. One skilled in the art should appreciate that any suitable device or speaker can generate sound waves, such as the conventional speaker in a cell phone, tablet or personal computer.

In another embodiment, the system includes a high power positive lens to isolate the hypermetropla and hyperopic graduations. This lens can be included or simulated in any suitable application, such as in a personal computer application, a mobile phone application, or in a cabin-based application. A person skilled in the art should appreciate that a high power positive lens allows the system to correct latent farsightedness, as! how to prevent the patient from using the natural adaptive capacity of their eye muscles to focus through a slightly incorrect graduation, thus allowing the system to provide a more accurate graduation.

In another embodiment, the system includes an additional method for determining the distance between the patient and the computerized screen of the patient's terminal, or other desired distances, such as pupillary distance. The system is based on the known singing distance of the adult patient and an additional data point to calculate the distance between the terminal or the camera and the patient. The additional data point can be any suitable data point, such as the height of the patient (if the terminal or the camera can see the full height of the patient), or known camera specifications of the patient terminal or particular device. The system uses this known information to determine the distance between the terminal or the camera and the patient. In an exemplary embodiment, the system may know that the patient's singing distance is about 3 cm, and may determine that in the patient's image from a known camera device (such as from a manufacturing camera known) the singing distance is represented by a certain number of pixels, so the system can identify, from these known points, the scale of the patient's image, and therefore the distance between the terminal or the patient. In an alternative embodiment, the system uses (or instructs the patient to use one or more of) two camera devices vertically or horizontally separated by a known distance to measure the desired distance (distance between the patient and the camera devices, or some other desired distance). One skilled in the art should appreciate that such a system can also be used to determine pupillary distance.

It should be appreciated that each of the above disclosures can be implemented in a

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Cab type system, separately, individually, or in combination with several cabins, to provide a complete eye exam to evaluate various parts of the eye and the refractive system. Examples of various types of known systems that can be incorporated into such a system include: an eye pressure measurement system, a photographic system for photographing the front and / or back of the eye, a refraction system, and a system to measure all auxiliary tests of an eye exam. In an example embodiment, the system includes a distance telemeter to determine the distance a patient moves the eye away from a screen, and allows the patient to provide an input to the distance at which they first observe that an image is Clear with each individual eye. It should be appreciated that in such a realization, the test will be performed with each eye independently, and any suitable number of times, such as once, twice, three times, or more. The system determines a part of a graduation for the patient based on these one or more tests, and based partly on the principle that the focal point of an eye corresponds to the dioptric power error of an eye, in which the measure of focus Initial fence is 1 / distance, where the distance is in meters. It should be noted that such a system works without the need for the patient to move his standing position away from his current position.

In another additional embodiment, the system is an all-in-one corrective lens production device that will determine the patient's graduation in the ways described herein, and allows a patient to select a spectacle frame and a type, color and coating for a lens, as is known in the art. The system will then create the mount while the patient waits using a 3D printer or other known method, and will create the lens with a gel-type system that creates the lens and hardens the lens while the patient waits, or by any other method that is knows in the art for the creation of lenses. A complete system according to this realization advantageously provides comfort for the patient, since it contains the three components necessary to finalize a pair of glasses: a graduation, a frame and lenses.

One skilled in the art should appreciate that for various modules or parts of the present disclosure that do not require entry by a patient, or that are not subjective in nature, the patient may be any suitable patient. For example, the patient may be a non-human animal, such as a pet or a wild animal. In another example, the patient may have an age or skill level that makes communication difficult, such as a child or a person with developmental delay. Should

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It should also be appreciated that for such patients, the system can tell a patient assistant about the appropriate placement and any necessary entry.

In another embodiment, the system determines the previous graduation of glasses (myopic, hypermetrope, astigmatic or any combination thereof) of a patient without requiring a written graduation copied into a form filled in by the patient. The system only requires a camera, a computerized screen and a pair of glass lenses. The patient places the camera lens at a known distance from a computer monitor. In an exemplary embodiment, a simple way to establish or determine the known distance is to use a conventional piece of paper (8.5 x 11 inches) to select the placement of the camera device and / or the computerized screen. In one embodiment, the system instructs the patient to place the camera device 11 inches (or some other distance) from the computerized screen. In another example embodiment, the patient selects the distance between the camera device and the computerized screen and the system allows the patient to enter the selected distance. Once the camera device has been placed at a known distance from the computerized screen, the patient takes a control photograph of the computerized screen, then places one of the glass lenses against the camera lens and takes a second photo of The computerized screen. Then the patient places the other glass lens against the camera lens and takes a third photograph of the computerized screen. The computerized screen can display any suitable high contrast figure, such as a grid or separate points. The system receives the control photo, the photo of the first lens, and the photo of the second lens of the camera device by means of data transfer methods that are well known in the art, such as through a cable connection ( usb, firewire, thunderbolt, etc.), wireless connection (bluetooth, etc.), or through Internet connections or cellular data. One skilled in the art will appreciate that placing the glass lens on the camera lens will distort, or change, the visual appearance of the figure displayed by the system on the computerized screen. The applicants have surprisingly found that by measuring the amount and direction of the distortion of the first and second photographs with respect to the control photograph over a known distance, the system can determine the graduation of the first and second glass lenses without a written graduation document.

In another example embodiment the system uses a screen that can focus its light rays in more than one direction, and at various points in space, so that

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You can specifically focus light rays within a small space designated to provide a more optimal visualization location. Therefore, this visualization unit will allow a patient to see a focused image, regardless of their correction for vision, because the visualization will direct the rays towards the patient and can adjust the light rays and their position for the user in real time. .

In a further embodiment, the system determines both the cylinder and axis measurements of a patient's refractive error for each eye each time using a single figure on a screen. The patient is allowed to see the figure (using an uncorrected eye each time) and is allowed to enter into the system the degree and extent of the patient's perception of any duplication or overlapping effect. One skilled in the art should appreciate that any suitable way of measuring or introducing the effect of duplication or overlapping, such as through additional concentric or expanded figures, or allowing the patient to place markers on the external limits of the effect of perceived duplication or overlapping can be used. . It should also be appreciated that the system can use any suitable figure such as a simple shape, symbol, icon. Applicants have surprisingly found that the effect of perceived duplication or overlap corresponds to the axis measures (demonstrating that the angle along which astigmatism causes distortion) and cylinder (demonstrating the degree of astigmatism distortion) of the patient.

In another embodiment, the system can determine either a cylinder or an astigmatism axis by visualizing a rotary symbol and allowing a patient to see the rotary figure with an uncorrected eye each time and provide an input when the figure looks like a single figure without no effect of duplication or residual overlap. It should be appreciated that the system can use any suitable figure such as a simple shape, symbol, icon. Applicants have surprisingly found that the disappearance of the duplication or overlap effect caused by astigmatism corresponds to the axis measures (demonstrating the angle along which the astigmatism causes distortion) and cylinder (demonstrating the degree of astigmatism distortion) of the patient.

In another embodiment, the system can determine either a cylinder or an astigmatism axis by visualizing a rotary symbol and allowing a patient to see the rotary figure with an uncorrected eye each time and provide an input when the figure looks like a single figure without no effect of duplication or residual overlap. It should be appreciated that the system can use any suitable figure such as a simple shape, symbol, icon.

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Applicants have surprisingly found that the disappearance of the effect of duplication or overlap caused by astigmatism corresponds to the axis measures (demonstrating the angle along which astigmatism causes distortion) and cylinder (demonstrating the degree of astigmatism distortion) of the patient.

In another additional embodiment, a system may allow a patient to undergo an additional number of exams after their initial examination. In an exemplary embodiment, at least one of the additional exams is performed by the patient using corrected eyes based on the graduation determined by the system at its initial examination. The system can use the additional number of exams to improve the correlation of the tests performed by the system to obtain the most accurate measurement of patient graduation.

In one embodiment, the system includes determining any particular area of reduction or loss of vision of a patient throughout his entire field of vision. In an example embodiment, the system displays a figure. In a further exemplary embodiment, the displayed figure is a grid of lines, similar to that shown in reference number 408a in Figure 4A. The system tells the patient to look at the displayed figure with an uncorrected eye every time, and look towards or at a central point in the figure. The central point of the figure may be marked or otherwise identified. Then the system allows the patient to provide at least one entry to select areas in the figure that appear distorted, missing or that are different from the rest in another way. The system can use this at least one entry to further test the areas of vision loss either by increasing those certain points of vision loss, or by altering its forms or intensities to determine if the patient can see an improvement in vision. . The patient continues to look towards or to the center of the figure while the system adjusts at least one of the shape, intensity, color or other suitable characteristic of each area of vision loss identified. The system allows the patient to provide at least one entry for each previously identified vision loss zone to imply one or more of the following: (i) the adjustment helped to make the area clearer / less distorted, (ii) the adjustment did not help to make the area lighter / less distorted, (iii) the adjustment made the area clear and undistorted, and (iv) the area is still missing, blurred or distorted despite the adjustment. Then the system can iteratively adjust at least one of the appropriate shape, intensity, color or other characteristic of each zone of vision loss identified and again allow the patient to provide one or more of the four inputs previously identified. This iterative procedure can continue until each zone identified

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it has been adjusted to appear clear and not distorted to the uncorrected eye of the patient, in which the adjustment of the size, intensity or other characteristic of each zone corresponds to an increase in a particular location of a glass lens. In an example embodiment, the adjustment correlates with the base curve of the lens at that particular location. As an example, if it was found that the patient did not have graduation from afar, but the system identified two areas of vision loss that needed a greater increase with 2 levels of increase (diopters), an example base curve modification will be -4 diopters in the back curve of the lens, and +4 diopters in the front, but a +6 curve in areas that need 2 levels of magnification. This is because a lens has two curved surfaces that affect the vision of the person wearing it: the front surface and the back surface. The corrective power of a lens is determined by adding the front curve to the back curve. This is expressed by the equation: F1 + F2 = FTotal. Applicants have surprisingly found that adjusting a figure to correct vision loss in particular areas correlates with base curve measurements for the corresponding locations of a glass lens. Possible applications of the system described above include helping patients with macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy or other retinal diseases that cause loss of part or all of vision in certain locations.

In a further embodiment, the system includes grinding or laser cutting custom lenses based on the results and the graduations of the tests described herein. As is well known in the art, eyeglass lenses may be composed of glass or plastic, such as light polycarbonate plastic, CR-39 plastic, or high index plastic lenses. The lenses generally begin as "primordios", which are already cut with an approximate base / power curve and only need to be fine tuned to the graduation of each patient. These "primordium" lenses are then processed conventionally by grinding and polishing, or laser cutting, edge finishing and coating. In one embodiment, the system grinds lenses for a patient who has an especially narrow or wide angle of astigmatism. In another embodiment, the system grinds lenses with different base curve values (diopters) in different locations to correct vision loss in those particular areas due to diseases such as macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy or other diseases of the retina. It should be appreciated that such a lens will increase or reduce some parts of the patient's vision to adjust the patient's weakness in parts of his vision. In a further embodiment, the transitions between the base curve changes are smooth (since they are in bifocal lenses without a line).

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The present disclosure contemplates a variety of different systems that each have one or more of a plurality of different features, attributes or characteristics. It should be appreciated that a "system" as used herein refers to various configurations of: (a) one or more central servers, central controllers or remote host computers; and / or (b) one or more patient terminals, such as desktop computers, laptops, tablet computers or computer devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), mobile phones such as smart phones, cabin type devices, and others mobile or stationary computer devices.

For reasons of brevity and clarity, unless specifically mentioned otherwise, "patient terminal" as used herein represents a patient terminal or a plurality of patient terminals, and "central server, central controller or remote host "as used herein represents a central server, central controller or remote host or a plurality of central servers, central controllers or remote host computers.

As indicated above, in various embodiments, the system includes a patient terminal in combination with a central server, central controller or remote host. In such embodiments, the patient terminal is configured to communicate with the central server, central controller or remote host through a data network or remote communication link.

In certain embodiments in which the system includes a patient terminal in combination with a central server, central controller or remote host, the central server, central controller or remote host is any suitable computing device (such as a server) that includes at least one processor and at least one memory device or storage device. As further described below, the patient terminal includes at least one processor configured to transmit and receive data or signals representing events, messages, commands, or any other suitable information between the patient terminal and the central server, central controller. or remote host. The at least one processor of that patient terminal is configured to execute the events, messages or commands represented by such data or signals along with the operation of the patient terminal. In addition, the at least one central server processor, central controller or

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Remote host is configured to transmit and receive data or signals representing events, messages, commands, or any other suitable information between the central server, central controller or remote host and the patient terminal. The at least one processor of the central server, central controller or remote host is configured to execute the events, messages or commands represented by such data or signals along with the operation of the central server, central controller or remote host. It should be appreciated that one, more, or each of the functions of the central server, central controller or remote host can be performed by the at least one processor of the patient terminal. It should also be appreciated that one, more, or each of the functions of the at least one processor of the patient terminal can be performed by the at least one processor of the central server, central controller or remote host.

In certain embodiments of this type, the central server, central controller or remote host executes computerized instructions to control any screen, visualization or interface displayed by the patient terminal. In such "thin client" embodiments, the central server, central controller or remote host remotely controls screens, displays or interfaces displayed by the patient terminal, and the patient terminal is used to display such screens, displays or interfaces. and to receive one or more inputs or commands In other embodiments of this type, computerized instructions for controlling screens, displays or interfaces displayed by the patient terminal are communicated from the central server, central controller or remote host to the patient terminal and are stored in at least one memory device of the patient terminal. In such "heavy client" embodiments, the at least one processor of the patient terminal executes the computerized instructions to control screens, displays or interfaces displayed by the patient terminal .

In certain embodiments in which the system includes a patient terminal configured to communicate with a central server, central controller, or remote host through a data network, the data network is a local area network (LAN) in the that the patient terminal is located substantially close to the central server, central controller or remote host. In one example, the patient terminal and the central server, central controller or remote host are located in a retail establishment of glasses and / or contact lenses. In another example, the patient terminal and the central server, central controller or remote host are

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located in the consultation of an optometrist or ophthalmologist.

In other embodiments where the system includes a patient terminal configured to communicate with a central server, central controller or remote host through a data network, the data network is a wide area network (WAN) in the that the patient terminal is not necessarily located substantially close to the central server, central controller or remote host. For example, the client terminal is located: (a) in an area of a retail store of glasses and / or contact lenses other than an area of the retail store of glasses and / or contact lenses in which the server is located central, central controller or remote host; or (b) in a retail establishment of glasses and / or contact lenses other than the retail establishment of glasses and / or contact lenses in which the central server, central controller or remote host is located. In another example, the central server, central controller or remote host is not located in a retail store of glasses and / or contact lenses in which the patient terminal is located. In yet another example, the client terminal is located: (a) in an area of the consultation of an optometrist or ophthalmologist different from an area of the consultation of the optometrist or ophthalmologist in which the central server, central controller or computer is located remote principal; or (b) in the consultation of an optometrist or ophthalmologist other than the consultation of the optometrist or ophthalmologist in which the central server, central controller or remote host is located. In another example, the central server, central controller or remote host is not located in the office of an optometrist or ophthalmologist in which the patient terminal is located. It should be noted that in certain embodiments where the data network is a WAN, the system includes a central server, central controller or remote host and a client terminal each located in a retail establishment of glasses and / or contact lenses different in the same geographical area, such as the same city or the same state. It should be appreciated that systems in which the data network is a WAN are substantially identical to systems in which the data network is a LAN, although the number of patient terminals in such systems may vary with respect to one another.

In additional embodiments in which the system includes a patient terminal configured to communicate with a central server, central controller or remote host through a data network, the data network is the Internet or an intranet. In certain embodiments of this type, an Internet browser of the computer terminal can be used to access an Internet page from any location where it is

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Internet connection available. In such an embodiment, after accessing the Internet page, the central server, central controller or remote host identifies a patient before allowing that participant to enter any data or participate in any test. In one example, the central server, central controller or remote host identifies the patient by requiring a patient's patient account to log in by entering an unique combination of username and password assigned to the patient. However, it should be appreciated that the central server, central controller or remote host computer can identify the patient in any other suitable way, such as validating a patient tracking identification number associated with the patient; validating a unique patient identification number associated with the patient by the central server, central controller or remote host; or identifying the patient terminal, such as identifying the MAC address or the IP address of the Internet provider. In various embodiments, once the central server, central controller or remote host identifies the patient, the central server, central controller or remote host allows the introduction of any data and participation in any test, and visualizes those tests. and screens, visualizations and interfaces through the Internet browser of the patient terminal.

It should be appreciated that the system of the present invention can be implemented by any suitable method, such as any computer readable medium. In one embodiment, the computer-readable medium is software incorporated into a website. In another embodiment, the computer-readable medium is software on a non-transient medium, such as a CD-ROM, storage in local memory in the patient terminal, or the like. In another embodiment, the system is provided in an application programming interface ("API") from which individual licenses can be delivered to third parties for inclusion in their websites or other media.

It should be appreciated that the central server, central server or remote host and the patient terminal are configured to connect to the data network or remote communications link in any suitable manner. In various embodiments, such a connection is achieved through: a conventional telephone line or another data transmission line, a digital subscriber line (DSL), a T-1 line, a coaxial cable, a fiber cable optical, a wireless or cable routing device, a connection to mobile communications network (such as a cellular network or mobile Internet network), or any other suitable means. It should be noted that the expansion in the number of devices

Informatics and the number and speed of Internet connections in recent years increases the opportunities for patients to use a variety of patient terminals to participate in eye tests from a growing number of remote sites. It should also be appreciated that the enhanced bandwidth of digital wireless communications 5 can make such technologies suitable for some or all communications, particularly if such communications are encrypted. Faster data transmission speeds can be useful to enhance the sophistication and response of visualization and interaction with participants.

10 One skilled in the art should appreciate that the diagrams and static figures (ie, non-dynamic) described with reference to the figures can also be used in the form of physical means, such as paper, poster, plastic, or other printed forms. In such embodiments, the physical means may be presented visually to the patient at any suitable location, such as at home, in a consultation or at a retail establishment of corrective lenses. The physical media can be seen by the patient alone, or he can see them with the help of one or more other people, such as an assistant or doctor. In addition, in such embodiments, the results may be entered into a terminal as described above for the determination of appropriate graduation measures.

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It should be understood that various changes and modifications of the presently preferred embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present object and without diminishing its intended advantages. Therefore, it is intended that such changes and modifications be covered by the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. Method for determining the pupillary distance of a person without physically measuring the pupillary distance with a device characterized by comprising: 5 receive a frontal facial image of the person, estimate a singing distance of a person's eye from the frontal facial image, 10 estimate a pupillary distance of the person from the frontal facial image, determining an image scale based on the estimated singing distance and a specified singing distance, where determining the scale of the image 15 further comprises determining an initial point of singing and an end point of singing in the image received, and to scale the image based on the estimated singing distance and a distance between the initial singing point and the final singing point in the received image, and 20 apply the image scale to the estimated pupil distance to determine the pupillary distance of the person. 2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the person's frontal facial image includes snapshots recorded during the refraction eye exam. 25 3. Method according to claim 1, wherein the front face image of the person is recorded by at least one of the following devices: a digital camera, a camera phone, a personal computer equipped with a camera, a tablet computer equipped with camera, a personal terminal equipped with camera and a 30 cabin equipped with camera. 4. Method according to claim 1, wherein receiving the person's frontal facial image further comprises allowing the person to select a previously recorded frontal facial image. 35 5. Method according to claim 1, further comprising: 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 determining a center of each of the person's pupils in the received image, in which determining the estimated pupillary distance of the person is based on determining a distance between the determined center of each of the person's pupils in the image received 6. Method according to claim 1, wherein the person is a first person and the method further comprises: allow a second person as an assistant to create at least two pupil location entries to determine the estimated pupil distance, in which the at least two entries are used to locate centers of the first person's pupils in the received image; Y determine the pupillary distance of the first person based on the determined scale of the image and the at least two pupil location entries. 7. Method according to claims 6, wherein the method is associated with an ocular refraction examination provided through the Internet. 8. Method according to claim 7, wherein the front facial image of the first person includes snapshots recorded during the refraction eye exam. 9. Method according to claim 6, wherein the front face image of the first person recorded by at least one of the following devices: a digital camera, a camera phone, a personal computer equipped with a camera, a tablet computer equipped with a camera, a personal terminal equipped with a camera and a cabin equipped with a camera. 10. Method according to claim 6, wherein receiving a frontal facial image of the first person further comprises allowing the first person to select a frontal facial image recorded previously. 11. Method according to claim 6, wherein the first person and the second person are the same person. 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 12. Method according to claim 6, wherein determining the scale of the image based on the estimated edge distance also comprises: determine an initial singing point and an ending point of singing in the received image and scale the image based on the estimated singing distance and a distance between the starting point of singing and the ending point of singing in the received image. 13. Non-transient computer-readable medium that includes a plurality of instructions, which when executed by at least one processor, make the at least one processor work with at least one visualization device and at least one input device to determine a pupillary distance of a person comprising: determine the pupillary distance of a person without physically measuring the pupillary distance with a device by, (i) receive a frontal facial image of the person, (ii) estimate a singing distance of an eye of a person from the frontal facial image, (iii) estimate a pupillary distance of the person from the frontal facial image, (iv) determine an image scale based on the estimated singing distance and a specified singing distance, where determining the image scale also includes determining an initial point of singing and an end point of singing in the received image, and scale the image based on the estimated singing distance and a distance between the initial singing point and the final singing point in the received image, and (v) apply the image scale to the estimated pupillary distance to determine the pupillary distance of the person.