ES2643502T3

ES2643502T3 - Interface structure

Info

Publication number: ES2643502T3
Application number: ES13727849.5T
Authority: ES
Inventors: Almerino Canuto
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-03-22
Filing date: 2013-06-03
Publication date: 2017-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-03
Also published as: ITTV20120044A1

Description

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DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION

Estructura de interfazInterface structure

La presente solicitud se refiere a una estructura de interfaz. Son conocidas las estructuras de interfaz, por ejemplo, a partir del documento EP 2429748 B1, sobre el cual se basa el preambulo de la reivindicacion 1 adjunta. Es conocido el documento EP 1346794 B1 que se refiere a una estructura modular, en concreto para el montaje de piezas semielaboradas sobre unos medios de retencion, que da respuesta al problema que surge cuando determinadas operaciones necesitan llevarse a cabo, por ejemplo pintar, limpiar y ensamblar, o la ejecucion de diversas formas de trabajar, como por ejemplo la eliminacion de raeduras, que requieren el bloqueo de la pieza y / o de la pieza semielaborada en una posicion prefijada para su tratamiento.The present application refers to an interface structure. Interface structures are known, for example, from EP 2429748 B1, on which the preamble of claim 1 attached is based. Document EP 1346794 B1 is known which refers to a modular structure, in particular for the assembly of semi-finished pieces on retaining means, which responds to the problem that arises when certain operations need to be carried out, for example painting, cleaning and assemble, or the execution of various ways of working, such as the elimination of scratches, which require the blockage of the piece and / or the semi-finished piece in a predetermined position for treatment.

Asf, son conocidos dispositivos que son indispensables siempre que se requiera el bloqueo estable de un objeto que va a ser tratado por medio de operaciones genericas incluso sencillas, no necesariamente en un entorno puramente industrial.Thus, devices are known that are indispensable whenever the stable blocking of an object that is to be treated by means of even simple generic operations is required, not necessarily in a purely industrial environment.

Un inconveniente importante, del que se resienten los dispositivos convencionales, estriba en el hecho de que, para conseguir un bloqueo estable de la pieza es necesario situar en contacto ambos elementos separadores del dispositivo de bloqueo con dos caras laterales opuestas de la misma pieza.An important drawback, which conventional devices resent, is the fact that, in order to achieve a stable blockage of the piece it is necessary to place both separating elements of the blocking device in contact with two opposite side faces of the same piece.

De esta manera, queda descartada la posibilidad de ejecutar cualquier trabajo en esas caras laterales, las cuales, dado que no resultan afectadas por el contacto, no presentan superficies libres que permitan el contacto con la herramienta o, de forma mas generica, con el componente de cualquier maquina herramienta.In this way, the possibility of executing any work on these lateral faces is discarded, which, since they are not affected by the contact, do not have free surfaces that allow contact with the tool or, more generically, with the component of any machine tool.

De ello se desprende la necesidad de retirar posteriormente la pieza, situarla de acuerdo con una nueva orientacion que permita la exposicion de las dos superficies laterales que quedaron antes parcialmente ocultas por los elementos de bloqueo.It follows the need to subsequently remove the piece, place it according to a new orientation that allows the exposure of the two lateral surfaces that were previously partially hidden by the blocking elements.

Un factor agravante adicional del problema expuesto consiste en que, durante el bloqueo de la pieza, esta ultima presenta al menos tres superficies en las que no puede llevarse a cabo ninguna operacion, siendo la tercera superficie ademas de las superficies laterales adyacentes a los elementos de bloqueo, la superficie inferior que enteramente descansa sobre la superficie de trabajo de la maquina herramienta.An additional aggravating factor of the exposed problem consists in that, during the blockade of the piece, the latter presents at least three surfaces on which no operation can be carried out, the third surface being in addition to the lateral surfaces adjacent to the elements of blockage, the lower surface entirely resting on the working surface of the machine tool.

De ello se desprende la necesidad de tener que recurrir a multiples etapas sucesivas de posicionamiento y de bloqueo asociadas a la pieza, con el factor agravante adicional de cometer posiblemente, de manera repetida, errores sistematicos de posicionamiento, lo que por tanto constituye un efecto negativo sobre la precision que se puede conseguir globalmente al final del trabajo sobre la pieza.It follows the need to have to resort to multiple successive stages of positioning and blocking associated with the piece, with the additional aggravating factor of possibly committing, repeatedly, systematic positioning errors, which therefore constitutes a negative effect. on the precision that can be achieved globally at the end of the work on the piece.

Otro problema del que se resienten los dispositivos convencionales estriba en la necesidad de disponer de un trabajo cualificado para poder llevar a cabo las delicadas operaciones preliminares de posicionamiento y centrado de la pieza.Another problem that conventional devices resent is the need for qualified work to carry out the delicate preliminary operations of positioning and centering of the piece.

Un inconveniente adicional, que a menudo se produce en dispositivos de bloqueo convencionales, consiste en la posibilidad de danar la pieza por deformacion puntual, en las superficies que ya han sido trabajadas y que, posteriormente, son sometidas al contacto con las monturas, con el fin de hacer posible el trabajo de las superficies de la pieza que todavfa no han sido tratadas.An additional drawback, which often occurs in conventional locking devices, consists in the possibility of damaging the part by specific deformation, in the surfaces that have already been worked and that, subsequently, are subjected to contact with the frames, with the in order to make possible the work of the surfaces of the piece that have not yet been treated.

Un problema considerable, ademas de los antes mencionados, se refiere a la inversion de tiempo considerable provocadas por operaciones repetidas, sucesivas, para desbloquear, reposicionar y volver a bloquear una pieza destinada a recibir alguna forma de tratamiento en multiples superficies.A considerable problem, in addition to the aforementioned, refers to the investment of considerable time caused by repeated, successive operations, to unlock, reposition and re-block a part destined to receive some form of treatment on multiple surfaces.

En una solucion parcial a dichos inconvenientes, el documento EP 1346794 B1 reivindica una estructura modular, de montaje, sobre unos medios de retencion, de unas piezas semielaboradas con al menos un asiento, comprendiendo dicha estructura modular al menos una placa plana que presenta una pluralidad de primeros asientos para una conexion separable de unos primeros medios de fijacion para al menos un primer cuerpo y unos segundos medios de fijacion temporal que permitan la conexion separable de dicho primer cuerpo a dicha pieza semielaborada caracterizada porque dichos segundos medios de fijacion temporal permiten la conexion de dicha estructura modular en dicho asiento formado en dicha pieza semielaborada y porque comprende ademas un primer buje de centrado para el centrado automatico de dicho primer cuerpo con respecto a dicho primer asiento, presentando dicho primer buje una primera porcion que puede ser conectada en dicho asiento y una segunda porcion superior de forma truncada que presenta una superficie perimetrica externa aproximadamente de forma truncada que sobresale por encima de la placa una vez que la conexion entre el asiento y el buje se ha establecido, presentando dicha segunda porcion superior de forma truncada una superficie inferior directamente en contacto con la superficie superior de dicha placa plana; dichos primeros medios de fijacion de dicho primer cuerpo a dicha placa comprenden un primer elemento de traccion para la conexion entre dicho primer asiento y dicho primer cuerpo y un primer dispositivo parecido a una prensa de tornillo, que esta asociado con dicho primer cuerpo para bloquear temporalmente dicho primer elemento de traccion; dicho primer cuerpo, cilmdrico, presenta un segundo agujero axial para el confinamiento parcial de dichos primero y / o segundo elementos de traccion, y comprende, en una zona inferior, unIn a partial solution to said drawbacks, EP 1346794 B1 claims a modular structure, for mounting, on retaining means, semi-finished pieces with at least one seat, said modular structure comprising at least one flat plate having a plurality of first seats for a detachable connection of a first fixing means for at least a first body and a second temporary fixing means that allow the detachable connection of said first body to said semi-elaborated piece characterized in that said second temporary fixing means allow the connection of said modular structure in said seat formed in said semi-finished piece and in that it also comprises a first centering bushing for the automatic centering of said first body with respect to said first seat, said first bushing presenting a first portion that can be connected in said seat and a second upper portion truncated that it has an approximately truncated outer perimeter surface that protrudes above the plate once the connection between the seat and the bushing has been established, said second upper portion truncatedly presenting a lower surface directly in contact with the upper surface of said flat plate; said first fixing means of said first body to said plate comprise a first tension element for the connection between said first seat and said first body and a first device similar to a screw press, which is associated with said first body for temporarily blocking said first traction element; said first cylindrical body has a second axial hole for the partial confinement of said first and / or second traction elements, and comprises, in a lower area, a

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tercer agujero pasante que esta formado radialmente y esta concebido para alojar dicho primer dispositivo parecido a una prensa de tomillo, actuando dicho tercer agujero sobre dicho segundo agujero axial aproximadamente en angulo recto; dicho primer dispositivo parecido a una prensa de tornillo esta constituido por un par de primeras mordazas, que pueden quedar acomodadas dentro de dicho tercer agujero y estan dispuestas de forma simetricamente especular en posiciones diametralmente opuestas entre sf, y dichas primeras mordazas, que son sustancialmente cilmdricas, son mutuamente asociables por medio de unos medios de activacion, que estan constituidos por un primer tornillo que esta dispuesto coaxialmente con respecto a un cuarto agujero y a un quinto agujero que son agujeros pasantes y estan formados axialmente a lo largo de dicho par de primeras mordazas.third through hole that is radially formed and is designed to accommodate said first device similar to a thyme press, said third hole acting on said second axial hole approximately at right angles; said first device similar to a screw press is constituted by a pair of first jaws, which can be accommodated within said third hole and are arranged symmetrically specular in diametrically opposite positions between sf, and said first jaws, which are substantially cylindrical , are mutually associable by means of activation means, which are constituted by a first screw that is coaxially arranged with respect to a fourth hole and a fifth hole that are through holes and are axially formed along said pair of first jaws .

Esta solucion, que resuelve los problemas antes mencionados, tambien presenta inconvenientes en cuanto se ha encontrado que en las partes que hay que fijar y, por tanto, en las piezas semielaboradas (designadas con la referencia numeral 50 en el documento EP 1346794 B1), un primer agujero fileteado (designado con la referencia numeral 36 en el documento EP 1346794 B1) se obtiene para un elemento de fijacion (por ejemplo un fuste fileteado, designado con la referencia numeral 39a en el documento EP 1346794 B1) y por tanto un primer asiento (designado con la referencia numeral 34 en el documento EP 1346794 B1) para un buje de centrado (designado con la referencia numeral 37 en el documento EP 1346794 B1): en el curso del proceso de fabricacion de la parte que debe fijarse, algunas etapas de trabajo pueden provocar que vane la forma geometrica de la pieza, dado que el primer asiento puede posteriormente ser recentrado con un tamano mayor y en la posicion adoptada optima para el centrado de la pieza (ligeramente desplazada de la anterior).This solution, which solves the aforementioned problems, also presents drawbacks in that it has been found that in the parts to be fixed and, therefore, in the semi-finished pieces (designated with reference numeral 50 in EP 1346794 B1), a first threaded hole (designated with reference numeral 36 in EP 1346794 B1) is obtained for a fixing element (for example a threaded shaft, designated with reference numeral 39a in EP 1346794 B1) and therefore a first seat (designated with reference numeral 34 in document EP 1346794 B1) for a centering bushing (designated with reference numeral 37 in document EP 1346794 B1): in the course of the manufacturing process of the part to be fixed, some Work stages can cause the geometric shape of the piece to change, since the first seat can later be re-calibrated with a larger size and in the position adopted optimal for centering d e the piece (slightly offset from the previous one).

Se desprende de ello que los diametros del primer agujero y del primer asiento no presentan el mismo eje geometrico.It follows that the diameters of the first hole and the first seat do not have the same geometric axis.

El mismo solicitante en una solucion parcial a los problemas antes mencionados, deposito, el 7/11/2012, la solicitud italiana no. TV 2012A000129 relativa a un dispositivo para compensar la desalineacion en los sistemas de bloqueo automaticos para el montaje, sobre medios de retencion, de piezas semielaboradas que presentan un primer agujero, para un elemento de sujecion, cuyo extremo se dispone un primer asiento para un buje de centrado, caracterizado porque esta constituido por un cuerpo en forma de caja compuesto por un cuerpo de forma hueca y por una base de forma en U que forman un asiento interno para una camisa en forma de piramide truncada, dispuesto coaxialmente con el fuste de dicho cuerpo hueco y por encima de un piston, que presenta la capacidad de desplazarse transversalmente con respecto a dicho fuste, pudiendo disponerse de forma deslizable un elemento de traccion dentro de dicho fuste de dicho cuerpo hueco y axialmente solidario con dicho elemento de fijacion y con el cual dicho buje de centrado esta coaxialmente asociado en una zona superior y puede ser dispuesto en dicho primer asiento que presenta un diametro que sobrepasa el diametro de dicho primer agujero de fijacion y esta dispuesto excentricamente con respecto al ultimo, cooperando dicho elemento de traccion selectivamente con unas esferas que pueden quedar alojadas dentro de dichas aberturas adaptadas dispuestas en dicho fuste y unos segundos asientos adaptados interiores que estan dispuestos en dicha camisa, entre la cabeza de dicho cuerpo hueco y disponiendose dichos elementos elasticamente comprimibles de camisa, disponiendose unos medios para hacer posible un desplazamiento axial temporal de dicho piston.The same applicant in a partial solution to the aforementioned problems, deposit, on 7/11/2012, the Italian application no. TV 2012A000129 relative to a device to compensate for the misalignment in the automatic locking systems for mounting, on retaining means, of semi-finished pieces that have a first hole, for a fastening element, the end of which is a first seat for a bushing centering, characterized in that it is constituted by a box-shaped body composed of a hollow-shaped body and a U-shaped base that form an internal seat for a truncated pyramid-shaped shirt, coaxially arranged with the shaft of said hollow body and above a piston, which has the ability to move transversely with respect to said shaft, a traction element can be slidably disposed within said shaft of said hollow body and axially integral with said fixing element and with the fixing element which said centering bushing is coaxially associated in an upper zone and can be arranged in said first seat that they have ta a diameter that exceeds the diameter of said first fixing hole and is arranged eccentrically with respect to the last one, said traction element selectively cooperating with spheres that can be housed inside said adapted openings arranged in said shaft and second adapted interior seats which are arranged in said jacket, between the head of said hollow body and said elastically compressible sleeve elements being arranged, means being provided to make possible a temporary axial displacement of said piston.

Dicha solucion, a diferencia de la tecnica conocida analizada en la que hay una interfaz mecanica de los diversos componentes que pueden disponerse axialmente entre sf en un estado estable, hace posible, gracias a la presencia del piston, conseguir un ajuste del posicionamiento mediante el uso de unos medios neumaticos que permiten llevar a cabo un desplazamiento axial con respecto a los diversos componentes.Said solution, unlike the known technique analyzed in which there is a mechanical interface of the various components that can be arranged axially between each other in a stable state, makes it possible, thanks to the presence of the piston, to achieve a positioning adjustment through use. of pneumatic means that allow axial displacement with respect to the various components.

Dicha solucion se ha ofrecido para permitir la fijacion tanto de las piezas como de las paletas, que son manipuladas en entornos automatizados.This solution has been offered to allow the fixing of both parts and pallets, which are handled in automated environments.

Aunque dichas dos opciones hacen posible posicionar y bloquear establemente las piezas sobre la plataforma de cualquiera maquina herramienta para llevar a cabo el trabajo deseado, se ha encontrado que las dos opciones deben ser utilizables por separado, la primera para bloquear manualmente las piezas y la segunda para bloquearlas automaticamente.Although these two options make it possible to position and block the pieces stably on the platform of any machine tool to carry out the desired work, it has been found that the two options must be usable separately, the first to manually block the parts and the second to block them automatically.

Las dos soluciones no pueden ser utilizadas en combinacion sobre la misma plataforma, debido a su diversidad mecanica, lo que las hace incompatibles.The two solutions cannot be used in combination on the same platform, due to their mechanical diversity, which makes them incompatible.

El objetivo de la presente invencion, por tanto, es resolver los problemas tecnicos antes mencionados, eliminando los inconvenientes de la tecnica anteriormente citada, proporcionando una invencion que hace posible utilizar, en combinacion y sobre la misma plataforma, ambas soluciones analizadas anteriormente con la finalidad de llevar a cabo el centrado y la fijacion estable de piezas destinadas a ser trabajadas sobre la plataforma de cualquier herramienta y al mismo tiempo son capaces de al mismo tiempo con la posibilidad de variar tanto la altura de posicionamiento de las piezas como de las paletas sobre las cuales tienen que estar posicionadas.The objective of the present invention, therefore, is to solve the aforementioned technical problems, eliminating the drawbacks of the aforementioned technique, providing an invention that makes it possible to use, both in combination and on the same platform, both solutions discussed above for the purpose. to carry out the centering and the stable fixation of pieces destined to be worked on the platform of any tool and at the same time they are capable at the same time with the possibility of varying both the positioning height of the pieces and the pallets on which have to be positioned.

Dentro de la finalidad propuesta, un objetivo de la presente invencion es proporcionar una estructura que, ademas de las caractensticas preferentes, sea tambien de bajo coste y pueda llevarse a cabo con maquinaria y plantas usuales y convencionales.Within the proposed purpose, an objective of the present invention is to provide a structure that, in addition to the preferred features, is also low cost and can be carried out with conventional and conventional machinery and plants.

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Esta finalidad y estos otros objetivos que se pondran de evidencia de manera mas completa en las lmeas que siguen, se obtienen mediante una estructura de interfaz para sistemas de bloqueo automaticos para el montaje de piezas semielaborados que son esenciales con una placa que puede estar asociada con una base para soportar un elemento en forma de T que puede desplazarse axialmente con respecto a un pilar solidario con dicha base y cuyo fuste presenta unas bolas que selectivamente sobresalen por fuera de dicho pilar, caracterizada porque esta constituida por un manguito que esta dispuesto en un solo cuerpo y puede estar asociado de forma separable y coaxialmente con dicho pilar, y esta dispuesto, axialmente con respecto a un primer extremo inferior, con un primer asiento del cual sobresale una arista anular, provista de unos medios de sujecion temporales con dichas bolas, estando dichos medios de sujecion temporales adaptados para determinar la interfaz estable con dicho pilar, presentando dicho manguito, axialmente con respecto a un segundo extremo superior, unos medios para la conexion de mordaza de un pivote dentado con forma de U provisto de un buje de centrado.This purpose and these other objectives that will become more fully evident in the following lines, are obtained through an interface structure for automatic locking systems for the assembly of semi-finished pieces that are essential with a plate that can be associated with a base for supporting a T-shaped element that can move axially with respect to a pillar integral with said base and whose shaft has balls that selectively protrude outside said pillar, characterized in that it is constituted by a sleeve that is arranged in a only body and can be detachably and coaxially associated with said pillar, and is arranged, axially with respect to a first lower end, with a first seat from which an annular edge protrudes, provided with temporary fastening means with said balls, said temporary fastening means being adapted to determine the stable interface with said pillar, present said sleeve, axially with respect to a second upper end, means for the jaw connection of a serrated pivot with a U-shape provided with a centering bushing.

Otras caractensticas y ventajas de la invencion se pondran de manifiesto de manera mas acabada a partir de la descripcion detallada de una forma de realizacion concreta, pero no exclusiva, ilustrada a modo de ejemplo no limitativo, en los dibujos que se acompanan, en los que:Other features and advantages of the invention will become more fully apparent from the detailed description of a specific, but not exclusive, embodiment illustrated by way of non-limiting example, in the accompanying drawings, in which :

La Figura 1 es una vista en tres cuartos parcialmente en seccion de la estructura de interfaz de la invencion asociada con el pilar que es solidario con una placa para el montaje de piezas semielaboradas;Figure 1 is a three-quarter view partially in section of the interface structure of the invention associated with the pillar that is integral with a plate for mounting semi-finished pieces;

la Figura 2 es una vista en seccion diametral de la estructura de interfaz de la invencion de la figura anterior en el estado de interfaz estable con dicho pilar;Figure 2 is a diametrical sectional view of the interface structure of the invention of the previous figure in the stable interface state with said pillar;

la Figura 3 es una vista similar a la figura anterior de la estructura de interfaz de la invencion en el estado de desconexion de dicho pilar;Figure 3 is a view similar to the previous figure of the interface structure of the invention in the state of disconnection of said pillar;

la Figura 4 es una vista en despiece ordenado de la estructura de interfaz de la invencion y de otros componentes;Figure 4 is an exploded view of the interface structure of the invention and other components;

la Figura 5 es una vista en despiece ordenado de la base de soporte, del elemento en forma de T, y del pilar.Figure 5 is an exploded view of the support base, the T-shaped element, and the pillar.

En las formas de realizacion ilustradas, las caractensticas individuales mostradas en relacion a ejemplos espedficos pueden en realidad intercambiarse con otras caractensticas diferentes, existentes en otras formas de realizacion.In the illustrated embodiments, the individual features shown in relation to specific examples may actually be exchanged with other different features, existing in other embodiments.

Con referencia a las figuras, la referencia numeral 1 designa globalmente una estructura de interfaz para sistemas de bloqueo automaticos para el montaje de piezas semielaborados que pueden ser asociadas con una placa 2 con la cual es posible asociarse, por medio de unos primeros tornillos 3, una base 4, que comprende una primera base 5 anular, provista de unos agujeros adaptados para los primeros tornillos 3, y un huelgo 6 axial que aloja y soporta un elemento 7 conformado como una T invertida.With reference to the figures, the numeral reference 1 designates an interface structure globally for automatic locking systems for the assembly of semi-finished pieces that can be associated with a plate 2 with which it is possible to associate, by means of first screws 3, a base 4, comprising a first annular base 5, provided with holes adapted for the first screws 3, and an axial clearance 6 that houses and supports an element 7 formed as an inverted T.

Este ultimo presenta una cabeza 8 que puede encajarse de manera deslizable dentro del huelgo 6 en contraste con una primera junta 9 de estanqueidad que esta dispuesta en un primer asiento 10 adaptado que esta formado en un borde perimetrico de la cabeza 8.The latter has a head 8 that can be slidably fitted into the gap 6 in contrast to a first sealing gasket 9 that is arranged in a first adapted seat 10 that is formed on a perimeter edge of the head 8.

El elemento 7 presenta ademas un fuste 11 que esta conectado a la cabeza 8 sobre un plano 12 inclinado.The element 7 also has a shaft 11 that is connected to the head 8 on an inclined plane 12.

Dispuestos radial y axialmente en el fuste 11 se encuentran un primer tubo 13 y un segundo tubo 14 que estan mutuamente conectados, para el paso de aire.Arranged radially and axially in the shaft 11 are a first tube 13 and a second tube 14 that are mutually connected, for the passage of air.

Proximo a las juntas terminales del fuste 11, hay un segundo asiento 15 para una pluralidad de bolas 16 que pueden quedar alojadas parcialmente dentro de dicho asiento 15.Near the end joints of the shaft 11, there is a second seat 15 for a plurality of balls 16 that can be partially housed within said seat 15.

El elemento 7 puede desplazarse axialmente con respecto a un pilar 17 que presenta esencialmente la forma de una T invertida para formar una segunda base 18 anular sobre la cual estan dispuestos unos agujeros adaptados para unos segundos tornillos 19 conformados de manera complementaria que estan adaptados para convertir en solidario el pilar 17 con la base 4.The element 7 can move axially with respect to a pillar 17 which essentially has the shape of an inverted T to form a second annular base 18 on which holes adapted for a second complementary shaped screws 19 are arranged which are adapted to convert in solidarity the pillar 17 with the base 4.

Dispuestas en el fuste 20 del pilar 17 estan unas aberturas 21 adaptadas que estan adaptadas para permitir la salida parcial de las bolas 16 que por tanto no pueden salir por entero.Arranged in the shaft 20 of the pillar 17 are adapted openings 21 that are adapted to allow the partial exit of the balls 16, which therefore cannot leave completely.

El desplazamiento axial del elemento 17 con respecto al pilar 17 se produce en contraste con los elementos elasticamente comprimibles, adaptados, por ejemplo los muelles 22.The axial displacement of the element 17 with respect to the pillar 17 occurs in contrast to the elastically compressible elements, adapted, for example the springs 22.

Dicho desplazamiento, ademas, se consigue por medio de la inyeccion de aire a traves de un tercer tubo 23 adaptado que esta formado radialmente sobre la primera base 5 anular, inyectando el tubo 23 aire por debajo de la cabeza 8 del elemento 7.Said displacement, moreover, is achieved by means of the injection of air through a third adapted tube 23 which is formed radially on the first annular base 5, by injecting the tube 23 air below the head 8 of the element 7.

El empuje al que el elemento 7 es sometido conduce a la compresion de los muelles 22 los cuales, una vez que la presion de aire ha cesado, retraen el elemento 7 al interior del huelgo 6.The thrust to which the element 7 is subjected leads to the compression of the springs 22 which, once the air pressure has ceased, retract the element 7 into the gap 6.

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La estructura 1 de interfaz para sistemas de bloqueo automaticos para el montaje de piezas semielaboradas esta constituida por un manguito 24, que esta dispuesto en un cuerpo unico que puede ser asociado de manera separable y coaxialmente con el pilar 17.The interface structure 1 for automatic locking systems for the assembly of semi-finished pieces is constituted by a sleeve 24, which is arranged in a single body that can be associated separably and coaxially with the pillar 17.

El manguito 24 esta dispuesto axialmente con respecto a un primer extremo 25 inferior, con un primer asiento o cavidad 26 desde la cual sobresale radialmente una arista 27 anular que tiene un tamano que permite su desplazamiento axial con respecto a la superficie 28 lateral del fuste 11 del elemento 7.The sleeve 24 is arranged axially with respect to a first lower end 25, with a first seat or cavity 26 from which an annular edge 27 radially protrudes having a size that allows its axial displacement relative to the lateral surface 28 of the shaft 11 of item 7.

La arista 27 anular esta dispuesta, en el estado estable para su acoplamiento con el pilar 17 en una zona encarada hacia las bolas 16 que sobresalen del fuste 20 del pilar 17 pero ligeramente mas baja con respecto a ellas.The annular edge 27 is arranged, in the stable state for coupling with the pillar 17 in an area facing the balls 16 protruding from the shaft 20 of the pillar 17 but slightly lower with respect to them.

La profundidad del primer asiento o cavidad 26 permite el acoplamiento, en el estado estable, con el fuste 11 del elemento 7.The depth of the first seat or cavity 26 allows the coupling, in the stable state, with the shaft 11 of the element 7.

La arista 27 anular presenta una superficie 29 inferior que esta conformada de manera complementaria con la superficie 30 de una arista 31 saliente que sobresale de la segunda base 18 anular del pilar 17 coaxialmente con el fuste 20.The annular edge 27 has a lower surface 29 that is formed in a complementary manner with the surface 30 of a protruding edge 31 protruding from the second annular base 18 of the pillar 17 coaxially with the shaft 20.

La arista 27 anular esta provista de unos medios para su sujecion temporal a las bolas, estando dichos medios adaptados para determinar la interfaz estable con el pilar 17.The annular edge 27 is provided with means for its temporary attachment to the balls, said means being adapted to determine the stable interface with the pillar 17.

Los medios para la sujecion temporal estan constituidos por la superficie 32 superior de la arista 27 anular, presentando la superficie superior una disposicion inclinada que interactua, en el estado de interfaz estable con el pilar 17 mostrado en la figura 2, una porcion, subyacente al plano diametral, de la superficie lateral externa de las diversas bolas 16 que son forzadas a sobresalir por fuera del fuste 20 del pilar por el fuste 11 del elemento 7 empujado hacia arriba por el aire inyectado por el tercer tubo 23.The means for temporary fastening are constituted by the upper surface 32 of the annular edge 27, the upper surface presenting an inclined arrangement that interacts, in the state of stable interface with the pillar 17 shown in Figure 2, a portion, underlying the diametral plane, of the external lateral surface of the various balls 16 that are forced to protrude outside the shaft 20 of the pillar by the shaft 11 of the element 7 pushed up by the air injected by the third tube 23.

En este estado, la superficie 29 inferior de la arista 27 anular esta en posicion adyacente con la arista 31 saliente que sobresale de la segunda base 18 anular del pilar 17; las bolas 16 generan asf un empuje, cuando son forzadas fuera del fuste 20, que es descargado en la superficie 32 superior de la arista 27 anular obteniendo asf una sujecion que convierte en estable la conexion con el pilar 17.In this state, the lower surface 29 of the annular edge 27 is in an adjacent position with the protruding edge 31 protruding from the second annular base 18 of the pillar 17; the balls 16 thus generate a thrust, when they are forced out of the shaft 20, which is discharged into the upper surface 32 of the annular edge 27 thus obtaining a fastener that makes the connection with the pillar 17 stable.

El manguito 24 presenta, proximos a un segundo extremo 33 superior, unos medios para la conexion de mordaza de un pivote 34 dentado con forma de U que esta provisto de un buje 35 de centrado.The sleeve 24 has, next to a second upper end 33, means for the jaw connection of a serrated pivot U-shaped 34 which is provided with a centering bushing 35.

El buje 35, que es de tipo convencional, presenta un ahusamiento doble que esta adaptado para posibilitar una adaptacion de la posicion de un artmulo manufacturado con respecto a la posicion adoptada por el pivote 34.The hub 35, which is of the conventional type, has a double taper that is adapted to allow an adaptation of the position of a manufactured article with respect to the position adopted by the pivot 34.

Dichos medios de acoplamiento de mordaza estan constituidos por unos cuerpos cilmdricos 36a y 36b que pueden ser asociadas de manera deslizable dentro de unos asientos 37a y 37b adaptados que estan dispuestos transversalmente con respecto al manguito 24 y a lo largo del mismo eje geometrico para actuar sobre su asiento o cavidad 38 que esta dispuesta axialmente con respecto al manguito y esta adaptada para alojar una parte del pivote 34 dentado.Said jaw coupling means are constituted by cylindrical bodies 36a and 36b that can be slidably associated within adapted seats 37a and 37b that are arranged transversely with respect to the sleeve 24 and along the same geometric axis to act on its seat or cavity 38 which is arranged axially with respect to the sleeve and is adapted to accommodate a part of the serrated pivot 34.

Los extremos, que estan encarados entre sf, de los dos cuerpos cilmdricos 36a y 36b estan contorneados para interactuar selectivamente con algunos de los dientes existentes en el extremo inferior del pivote 34 dentado.The ends, which face each other, of the two cylindrical bodies 36a and 36b are contoured to selectively interact with some of the teeth existing at the lower end of the serrated pivot 34.

La sujecion de los dos cuerpos cilmdricos 36a y 36b y, por tanto, el bloqueo de pivote 34 dentado se producen por medio de un tercer tornillo 40 adaptado.The fastening of the two cylindrical bodies 36a and 36b and, therefore, the toothed pivot lock 34 is produced by means of a third adapted screw 40.

El cierre hermetico del elemento 7 con respecto al pilar 17 se hace posible por la presencia de una segunda junta 41 dispuesta coaxialmente sobre el fuste 11.The sealing of the element 7 with respect to the pillar 17 is made possible by the presence of a second joint 41 arranged coaxially on the shaft 11.

En la practica, se ha encontrado que la invencion ha completamente obtenido la finalidad y los objetivos propuestos, habiendose obtenida una estructura de interfaz que puede ser utilizada sobre la misma plataforma, tanto para el bloqueo manual de tanto piezas como paletas, como para obtener dicho bloqueo automaticamente.In practice, it has been found that the invention has completely obtained the purpose and the proposed objectives, having obtained an interface structure that can be used on the same platform, both for manual locking of both pieces and pallets, as to obtain said lock automatically

Naturalmente, los materiales utilizados asf como las dimensiones de los componentes individuales de la presente invencion, pueden ser mas pertinentes para exigencias espedficas.Naturally, the materials used as well as the dimensions of the individual components of the present invention may be more relevant for specific requirements.

Los diversos medios de obtener determinadas funciones diferentes ciertamente no necesitan coexistir solo en la forma de realizacion mostrada, sino que pueden estar presentes en muchas formas de realizacion incluso si no se muestran.The various means of obtaining certain different functions certainly do not need to coexist only in the embodiment shown, but may be present in many embodiments even if they are not shown.

Las caractensticas antes indicadas como ventajosas, convenientes o de este tipo, pueden tambien faltar o ser sustituidas por caractensticas equivalentes.The features indicated above as advantageous, convenient or of this type may also be missing or substituted by equivalent features.

Cunado las caractensticas tecnicas mencionadas en cualquier reivindicacion van seguidas por signos de referencia, esos signos de referencia han sido incluidos con la unica finalidad de incrementar la inteligibilidad de lasWhen the technical characteristics mentioned in any claim are followed by reference signs, those reference signs have been included for the sole purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the

reivindicaciones y, por consiguiente, esos sinos de referencia no tienen ningun efecto limitativo sobre la interpretacion de cada elemento identificado a modo de ejemplo mediante dichos signos de referencia.claims and, consequently, those reference sinuses have no limiting effect on the interpretation of each element identified by way of example by means of said reference signs.

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1. - An interface structure (1) for automatic locking systems for the assembly of semi-finished pieces, comprising a base (4) that can be associated with a plate (2) and supports a T-shaped element (7) which can move axially with respect to a pillar (17) integral with said base (4) and whose shaft (11) has balls (16) that selectively protrude outside said pillar (17), characterized in that it also comprises a sleeve (24 ), which is arranged in a single body and can be detachably and coaxially associated with said pillar (17), and is arranged axially with respect to a first lower end (25), with a first seat (26) from which it protrudes an annular edge (27), provided with means for its temporary fastening to said balls (16), said fastening means being adapted to determine the stable connection with said pillar (17), said sleeve (24) presenting, axially with respect to to a second end (33), about half s for the jaw connection of a U-shaped toothed pivot (34), provided with a centering bushing (35).

2. - The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said annular edge (27) has a size that allows its axial displacement with respect to the lateral surface (28) of said shaft (11) of said element (7).

3. - The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said base (4) comprises a first annular base (5), provided with holes for first screws (3), and an axial recess (6) housing and supports said element (7) similar to that of an inverted T that has a head (8) that is slidably associated within said recess (6) in contrast to a first seal (9) arranged in a first seat (10) formed on a perimeter edge of said head (8), said element being provided with a shaft (11) which is connected to said head (8) on an inclined plane (12), radially and axially provided on said shaft (11), being a first tube (13) and a second tube (14), which are mutually connected, for the passage of air, near the terminal tips of said shaft (11), a second seat (15) being provided for a plurality of said balls (16) that can be partially housed within said seat (15), pu said element (7) being axially displaced with respect to said pillar (17) and being essentially shaped as an inverted T to form a second annular base (18), in which holes adapted for a second shaped screws (19) are arranged in a complementary manner that they are adapted to convert said pillar (17) into a solidarity element with said base.

4. - The structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said openings (21) are arranged in said shaft (20) of said pillar (17) which are adapted to allow the partial exit of said balls (16 ) which, therefore, cannot leave completely, the axial displacement of said element (7) with respect to said pillar (17) taking place in contrast to the elastically compressible elements such as springs (22), said displacement being achieved by means of the injection of air through a third adapted tube (23) that is arranged radially with respect to said annular base (5), said third tube (23) injecting air below the head (8) of said element (7) ), driving the thrust to which said element (7) is subjected to the compression of said springs (22) which, once the air pressure has ceased, retract said element (7) back into said hollow (6) ).

5. - The structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said annular edge (27) is arranged, in the state of stable coupling with said pillar (17), in an area facing said balls (16) which they protrude from said shaft (20) of the pillar (17) but slightly lower with respect to them, the depth of said first seat or cavity (26) being such that it allows the coupling, in the stable state, with said shaft (11) of said element (7), said edge (27) having a lower surface (29) formed in a complementary manner with the surface (30) of the protruding edge (31) protruding from said second annular base (18) of said pillar (17) in the coaxial direction with respect to said shaft (20).

6. - The structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said annular edge (27) is provided with means for its temporary attachment to said balls (16), which are adapted to determine the stable connection with said pillar (17), said temporary clamping means being constituted by the upper surface (32) of said annular edge (27), said upper surface having an inclined arrangement that interacts, in the state of stable connection with said pillar (17), with a portion, underlying the diametral plane of the outer lateral surface of said balls (16).

7. - The structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said balls (16) are forced to protrude outside said shaft (20) of said pillar (17) by said shaft (11) of said element ( 7) pushed up by the air injected through said third tube (23), said lower surface (29) of said annular edge (27) being positioned in this position adjacent to the protruding edge (31) protruding from said second base (18) annular of said pillar (17), said balls (16) generating a thrust, when they are forced out of said shaft (20), which is discharged into the upper surface (32) of said edge (27) cancel what results in a fastening that makes the connection with said pillar stable (17).

8. - The interface structure according to claim 2, characterized in that it also comprises a U-shaped serrated pivot (34) which is provided with a centering bushing (35) that has a double taper that is adapted to allow a adaptation of the position of a manufactured article with respect to the position

adopted by said pivot (34), said sleeve (24) presenting, next to a second lower end (33), means for coupling the jaw of the toothed pivot (34) with a U-shape.

9. The interface structure according to claim 8, characterized in that said jaw coupling means are constituted by two cylindrical bodies (36a, 36b) which can be slidably associated within seats (37a, 37b) adapted that are arranged transversely with respect to said sleeve (24) along the same geometric axis to act on a second seat or cavity (38) that is arranged axially with respect to the sleeve and is adapted to accommodate a part of said pivot ( 34) serrated, the ends, which are facing each other, of said two cylindrical bodies (36a, 36b) contoured to selectively interact with some of said teeth (39) that are present at the lower end 10 of said pivot (34) toothed producing the holding of said two cylindrical bodies (37a, 37b) and the consequent blocking of said pivot (34) toothed by means of a third adapted screw (40).