ES2634150T3 - Method and energy saving device by programming the energy supplied for air conditioning, according to the previous and / or expected energy consumption and prior knowledge of the meteorological data - Google Patents

Abstract

Energy saving method in the residential and commercial environmental air conditioning system, which takes into account short-term weather conditions, through an Internet connection to a meteorological center (LKM); - collecting information from remote satellite units (USR) operating in the air conditioning system and associated with a plurality of users of the system, said information comprising the state of the environmental condition, the current energy consumption and the requests sent to the remote satellite units by users; - collecting additional information on the status of the actuators operating in said air conditioning system; being characterized in that it also comprises the following steps: - processing by means of processing (CENT) the information collected to provide a plurality of possible control rules of the different air conditioning system associated with various combined situations to maintain predetermined types of environmental comfort and consumption of energy; - provide users with electronic media, - interactively inspect users by showing the various situations combined to users and collecting user responses through electronic media and, through a computational algorithm, forming a final score; - use the final score to validate a combined situation selected among the various situations combined and a corresponding selected control rule; - store the selected control rule in a database; - boost and control the actuators in accordance with the selected control rule.

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Method and saving device of Jan by programming of the supplied Jan for air conditioning, according to the consumption of previous and / or expected Jan and prior knowledge of the meteorological data

The present invention relates to a method and a device for allowing thermal energy savings for winter heating by programming the energy supply according to the previous and / or expected energy consumption and, among others, prior knowledge of the data Meteorological

The current thermoregulation systems commonly used in ambient air conditioning systems for residential use, service industry and usually for industrial use, are based on the immediate knowledge of the outdoor weather conditions, mainly only the outside temperature. Such systems, according to these conditions, simply set the heat transfer fluid used in the systems (for example, hot water in winter, chilled water in summer).

A small number of systems, mainly those for the conditioning of the hogary, in particular, for heating in winter, are equipped with ambient temperature indicators; however, virtually no prior art system acquires information on meteorological parameters, in addition, as mentioned above, from the outside temperature.

Only recently one system, see Italian patent application MI 2006 A 000671 in the name of Franco Bruno and others, has used solar radiation or information inferred by the weather forecast to know in advance the weather conditions and in particular the expected solar radiation .

However, no system currently used allows users of the air conditioning system to decide automatically or semi-automatically, at any time during the day or at a predetermined or predefined time, how much energy needs to be used or used for the air conditioning itself.

This problem is particularly important and worthy of interest, when the decision does not imply or depend on a single user, but on many users, regardless of their number (for example, the occupying owners in a block of houses, the office staff, buildings with a different intended use, industrial departments characterized by different climatic needs, etc.). This circumstance represents a severe restriction to the prior art, not only as to whether users do not have a real chance to act globally, and not individually, in real time, for example in the thermostat setting on a fan, on or off. shutdown of a terminal of the HVAC system (Heating and Air Conditioning Ventilation) and the like, in central systems, or to choose adjustments and performances of the previous systems, in accordance with not only with criteria of environmental comfort, but to an effective saving and real energy and the reduction of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere, where HVAC systems are supplied with fossil fuel or even with biomass fuel.

Document IE 20 070 331 A1 (Lightwave Technologies LTD, UCD [IE]), November 14, 2007 describes the method of energy consumption controller for use in a building comprising the steps of collecting relevant meteorological data for the building, applying a series of intelligent control techniques to the data of the environmental and climatic conditions before determining the accuracy of the intelligent control techniques and then determining an appropriate control input. WO2006 / 055334 describes a method for controlling a climate in a building in which the detected data is received in a local processor. The detected data received is compared with predictive data to adjust one or more parameters.

It is an object of the present invention to create an articulated and automatic system, which allows the reduction of primary energy consumption for environmental conditioning.

The object of the invention is achieved by an energy saving method described by the independent claim 1 attached. Particular embodiments of the method are shown in dependent claims 2-12.

According to one example, said object is achieved by means of a device for automatically managing and thermoregulating central systems by means of systems that allow direct individual users, only users, in a timely and absolutely democratic way possible, to decide individually how the systems should work, both in terms of work duration and performance and performance.

According to a particular embodiment, the object of the invention is a complex method, which allows the realization of an automatic thermoregulation in rooms, both by the knowledge of immediate meteorological data, and by the information obtained from the meteorological forecast, integrated with the user's decision to restrict or otherwise regulate the consumption of primary energy for the air conditioning of the room, according to the duration of the air conditioning and the expected climatic parameters of the room.

Other particular features of the invention are set forth below. The invention will be described in detail below, by way of example, with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

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Figure 1 shows a diagram of a thermoregulation system design for a common central HVAC (Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning) system, widely used in both existing and newly manufactured systems, according to the prior art;

Figure 2 shows a diagram of a thermoregulation system design for a common central HVAC system, which can be controlled and managed remotely, used in both existing and newly manufactured systems, according to the prior art;

Figure 3 shows a scheme of a thermoregulation system design for a common central HVAC system, which has been recently introduced (Italian Patent Application MI 2006 A 000671 in the name of Franco Bruno et al.) installed in both new and new systems. the existing ones, also capable of obtaining anticipated weather forecasts and more complete external weather data, such as solar radiation, and processing from them a system control rule that takes into account the previous data and in particular solar radiation by an algorithm for calculating the delay time of solar radiation efficiency, of course maintaining and expanding the possibility of remote control and management;

Figure 4 shows a scheme of the design of a thermoregulation system for a common central HVAC system with remote satellite units, in which the sending of heat transfer fluids to units that need air conditioning is controlled by an ambient thermostat of the units corresponding, also with a remote control system for reading energy consumption data;

Figure 5 shows a diagram of an environmental thermoregulation device according to the present invention.

The operational logic of the system according to the invention will be discussed later with reference to the logical-operational scheme of Figure 5, which takes into account:

• future weather conditions known in advance, and automatically, for example, but not limited to, an Internet connection to a weather station or other office capable of providing the required information from the station;

• immediate on-site weather conditions, measured by the sensors in place;

• the immediate solar thermal energy supply, measured directly by the sensors in place;

• knowledge of the state of the actuator, that is, its immediate or programmed real operating conditions;

• knowledge of the environmental and climatic situations of the property and / or production units and the state of the actuator system in the remote satellite units;

• knowledge of energy consumption, not only immediate, but also prior, of the ownership and / or production units and the status of the actuator system in the remote satellite units;

• the knowledge of the will defined by the users of the HVAC system about the required environmental conditions, the scheduled HVAC service hours and restrictions or, in any way, the regulation of the desired energy consumption.

In Figure 1, the design of a thermoregulation system is represented, according to the prior art, widely used in the present plant engineering, with respect to a general central HVAC system, which can be intended for both domestic and industrial users.

In Figure 1, it can be seen that the control of the energy supplied by the user's system is produced only by an actuator, in this example, a three-way mixing valve VLV installed in the heat transfer fluid distribution circuit , which regulates the fluid outlet temperature according to the external temperature detected by a TMP external temperature sensor, according to a generally linear regulation curve, almost always manually adjusted by the system manager and practically never by the end user of the thermal service Such temperature data is transmitted to a CENT control panel comprising a TRM control microprocessor and a CLK programming clock. Sometimes the three-way mixing valve is replaced by a drive for one or more PMP circulation pumps that control the speed of the heat transfer fluid or by a drive for one or more FAN air fans.

The scheme represented in Figure 2 simply represents an evolution of the system illustrated in the previous example, in which the change of the climate regulation curve can be carried out remotely by the system manager by means of a remote PCR computer connected by an iNt Internet connection line together with the readings of a series of system parameters, in most cases represented by the temperature of the heat transfer fluid.

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The scheme represented in Figure 3 represents a further evolution of the systems represented in the previous schemes and is the subject of the patent application mentioned above on behalf of Franco Bruno et al. In such a system, the law of control of the temperatures of the heat transfer fluid or other actuator drives is briefly determined, with reference not only to the local immediate external temperature provided by a TMP sensor, but also by the immediate knowledge of the RDS direct solar energy, of the wind speed provided by a WND air speed indicator and in particular by prior knowledge of the environmental weather conditions provided by an LKM weather station, using INT Internet automatic acquisition connections, with rates of Sampling, fixed over and over again, of the meteorological data predicted by mathematical models and in short evolution of the data itself, all these data are processed in a CENT control panel, which includes an MCP microprocessor unit and a storage unit MEM connected to the Internet through a remote computer pCr. The operating signals of the actuators consisting of a CLK clock, a valve powered by VLV power, a FAN fan and a PMP pump are started from the CENT control panel.

In this way, knowing the parameters related to the heat of the structure of the relative HVAC system and, in particular, its time signs, computational algorithms are created for the control rules, which, stored in the CENT drive and control panel , they can manage HVAC systems, knowing in advance their behavior in the climatic conditions that will be produced shortly, and this is advantageous for both environmental comfort and energy savings attainable in terms of spent primary energy.

The scheme in Figure 4 shows a type of system that the present invention aims to improve. The type of HVAC system is used largely, especially in cases of new buildings where heat transfer fluids are distributed in several units of ownership or production, by subplants or satellites capable of locally controlling the temperature of the fluid supplied for each unit or its flow rate by local thermostatic control and - mandatory by law - recognition of extra energy. Each satellite unit includes an SNA ambient temperature sensor, an SNM delivery temperature sensor, an SNR return fluid temperature sensor, a VLV power valve and a CNT discharge meter. All units are electronically connected to a busbar line that takes the data detected in the various units to the CENT control panel.

In addition, common commercial systems are equipped or equipped with remote control systems, but they almost never work by remotely managing remote satellite units, in regards to air conditioning or energy consumption.

In addition, such a system does not take into account at all:

• short-term weather conditions;

• the immediate direct solar radiation.

However, the most important and important fact to note is that such systems do not allow the large number of users to decide jointly and on a democratic basis what energy consumption can be, which is obtained daily at the level of a central system, because It lacks the ability to survey users and ask them to carry out the establishment of different control rules.

The new system, schematically represented in Figure 5, in which the various components are indicated by the same reference characters used in the previous figures, designed for central HVAC systems with satellite distribution, facilitates that the control panel, comprising The microprocessor and memory, the following units are connected:

RDS, TMP, WND weather sensors;

LKM link with the meteorological station;

TLC drive units through the television control panel; PCU private computers through an INT Internet connection; USR remote satellite units through busbar lines; a remote PCR computer or a CLL mobile phone.

With an HVAC central satellite distribution system that conforms to the present invention, it is therefore possible:

• take into account the expected short-term weather conditions by means of an Internet connection to the LKM meteorological center, helping to predict the processing of control rules for HVAC systems;

• also take into account the immediate direct solar radiation, measured by the RDS radiometer, together with others

5 real-time measurable weather parameters, such as wind speed and direction, detected

by the WND air speed indicator for a more precise calibration of the control rule, which, as a result, not only takes into account the outside temperature;

• obtain information from remote USR satellite units on the environmental status through an SNA sensor and the state of the actuator (for example, three-way VLV mixer valve, bypass valves,

10 two-way on / off valve, optional CLK programming clocks, etc.) in such

units;

• obtain information on the state of the actuator in the heating / cooling and ventilation-exchange systems (for example, burners, pumps, three-way mixers and / or bypass valves, cLk programming clocks, fans, suction fans, exchange bats,

15 humidifier etc.);

• obtain information from users that refer to the multiple USR satellite units regarding the requests sent to the central system (for example, programming time, temperatures and / or expected environmental parameters);

• obtain information from USR satellite units on current energy consumption, store and

20 integrating said data for the cumulative calculation of extradited energy;

• process, in accordance with the data collected above, the possible system control rules for:

■ real-time operation thereof;

■ the operation scheduled for the next day or shift;

25 • process, according to the operation scheduled for the next day or shift, several situations

combined to maintain predetermined types of comfort of the room and energy consumption by introducing different management parameters (for example, temperatures to be maintained in the rooms, expected duration of the air conditioning, introduction of intervals in the programmed period characterized by the deactivation or reduction of the thermal energy supply, etc.);

30 • an interactive examination of the users of the satellite unit, inspecting on video on private televisions

connected to a TV control panel, connected, in turn, to a CENT control panel, using an appropriate remote control TLC or examining video on a private PCU or on a network, or examining on a display CLU CLU private mobile phone, through an ICN information icon, capable of displaying the different options provided to the user;

35 • gather user responses and, through a computational algorithm that refers to a medium

weighted or to condominium association fee criteria or to energy needs criteria, to form a final score;

• use the final punctuation to validate the options provided.

• gather multiple users, the next day, by the same study system, the score of

40 evaluation, the acceptance classification of the control standard previously obtained, communicating to

at the same time the energy savings achieved, both in absolute and percentage terms, from adopting the proposed and chosen control rules and, for example, also reduced CO2 emissions, as a result of the lower consumption of primary fuel used for air conditioning;

• store the consumption data or the chosen control rule in a database in a non-memory

45 volatile that can be referred to when such similar climatic-environmental conditions should occur

during the time that the same chosen rule can be proposed again to the users;

• actuation and control of all the actuators of the place, that is, the CLK clock, the VLV power actuation valve, the FAN fan and the PMP pump, both in the heating / cooling and ventilation / air exchange systems, and of the USR satellite units, each of

50 which includes an SNA ambient temperature sensor, an SNM discharge temperature sensor,

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a SNR return fluid temperature sensor, a VLV power operated valve and a CNT flow rate meter, to carry out the control rules described above;

• carry out the aforementioned by on-site control or by remote control, either by a computer or a mobile phone.

The advantages resulting from the adoption of the system object of the present patent consist essentially in:

a) lower primary energy consumption than control systems for central HVC systems with USR satellite units, for the same operating times and without direct control by service users;

b) further reduce primary energy consumption, due to the opportunity given to users to determine, in accordance with a democratic voting mechanism, criteria to manage and control the environmental climatic parameters calculated from time to time and provided by the system control panel;

cC) greater environmental comfort, in terms of the opportunity to better govern the weather conditions and, in particular, the ambient temperature due to the use of real and advance information on the degree, for example, of the solar radiation provided by the radiometer RDS or wind speed and direction provided by the WIND air speed indicator;

d) a lower production of emissions, present in the combustion of fossil fuels or, also, of biomass combustion, due to the lower use of them in absolute terms, due to the energy savings achieved and attainable.

Just as an example, a possible option will be examined, in the case of central winter heating in a building for residential use. Imagine that, after analyzing the weather forecast obtained from an LKM weather center and taking into account the answers collected the previous day, when surveying users, the CENT control panel:

• proposes to the same multiple users to reduce the internal temperature by 0.7 ° C in all rooms controlled by satellite units (for example: from + 20 ° C to 19.3 ° C);

• also proposes to reduce the total operating time from 14 hours to 13 hours a day, by introducing, for example, a heating attenuation interval of precisely 1 hour during the period in which, from the weather forecast, the outside temperature is expected higher throughout the day or more intense solar radiation, taking into account, of course, in the latter case, the so-called "transfer function", peculiar to the structure of the heated building;

• shows users the expected energy savings, in terms of lower fuel consumption and lower contingent electricity consumption, compared to the normal management of the HVAC system, where the above proposals are accepted with a percentage of 100% of the assents and also the lower CO2 emissions;

• asks users to vote on the proposed management option;

• calculates a final score based on the answers obtained and, according to the established algorithm, which takes into account an arithmetic or weighted average according to criteria of condominium association fees or normal energy needs, calculates that the response has obtained an assent 80% overall.

As a result, the control rule, processed by the system control panel, must guarantee, for the next day, an average internal temperature in the rooms of + 19.44 ° C compared to + 19.3 ° C initially proposed and the attenuation interval will last the day will decrease to only 48 minutes, compared to the proposed 60 minutes.

Claims (12)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five 1. Method of saving Jan ^ a in the residential and commercial environmental air conditioning system, which takes into account short-term weather conditions, through an Internet connection to a meteorological center (LKM); - collecting information from remote satellite units (USR) operating in the air conditioning system and associated with a plurality of system users, said information comprising the status of the environmental condition, the current energy consumption and the requests sent to the remote satellite units by users; - collecting additional information on the status of the actuators operating in said air conditioning system; being characterized in that it also includes the following stages: - processing by means of processing (CENT) the information collected to provide a plurality of possible control rules of the different air conditioning system associated with various combined situations to maintain predetermined types of environmental comfort and energy consumption; - provide users with means of electronic communication, - Interactively inspect users by showing the various situations combined to users and collecting user responses through electronic media and, through a computational algorithm, forming a final score; - use the final punctuation to validate a combined situation selected between the various situations combined and a corresponding selected control rule; - store the selected control rule in a database; - boost and control the actuators in accordance with the selected control rule. 2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the ambient air conditioning system is configured to anticipate the processing of the control rule of the HVAC (Ventilation Heating and Air Conditioning) systems, and also the immediate direct measured solar radiation by the radiometer (RDS), in addition to other real-time measurable weather parameters, such as wind speed and direction detected by the air speed indicator (WND). 3. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the collection of information on the state of the environmental condition includes the use of a sensor (SNA) and the actuators comprise at least one of the following devices: valves three-way mixers (VLV), bypass valves, two-way on / off valves, programming clocks (CLK). 4. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein said actuators comprise at least one of the following additional devices: heating / cooling systems and on-board air ventilation exchange systems, such as burners, pumps , three-way mixing valves and / or VLV deflection), programming clocks (CLK), fans (FAN), suction fans, swap pads, humidifiers. 5. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein: - Requests sent to the air conditioning system by users include: programming times, expected ambient temperatures and / or parameters and information; Y - the information on the energy consumption in progress is stored and integrated for a cumulative calculation of the extracted energy. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein said plurality of control rules of the air conditioning system includes rules for: ■ real-time operation of the air conditioning system; ■ operation scheduled for the next day or shift of the air conditioning system. 7. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the processing of the information collected to provide a possible plurality of air conditioning system control rules includes: 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 introduce different management parameters, such as temperatures that will be maintained in the rooms, expected duration of the air conditioning, introduction of intervals in the programmed period characterized by shutdown or reduction of the thermal energy supply, and the like. 8. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the interactive inspection of the users includes: video inspection on private televisions connected to a TV control panel, in turn connected to a control panel (CENT), using an appropriate remote control (TLC) or inspecting on video on a private computer (PCU) or on a network, or inspecting on a private mobile phone screen (CLU), for an information icon (ICN). 9. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, further comprising: - gather the users, the next day, the acceptance rating of the previously selected control standard and simultaneously communicate the energy savings achieved, both in absolute and percentage terms, by adopting the proposed and chosen control rules and also reducing the CO2 emissions resulting from primary fuel use. 10. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein storing the selected control rule in a database also includes storing consumption data in a non-volatile memory to which it can refer when such conditions Similar environmental climates will occur during the time that the same selected rule can be proposed again to the users, through the survey. 11. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive and control drives include drive and control, namely the clock (CLK), the engine-operated valve (VLV), the fan (FAN ) and the pump (PMP), both the heating / cooling systems and the on-air ventilation / exchange systems, and the satellite units (USR), which include an ambient temperature sensor (SNA), a temperature sensor supply (SNM), a fluid return temperature sensor (SNR), a motor-operated valve (VLV) and a flowmeter (CNT). 12. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive and control are carried out by on-site control or by remote control, either by means of a PC or a mobile phone.