ES2630808T3 - Water heater comprising one or more thermoelectric generators - Google Patents
Water heater comprising one or more thermoelectric generators Download PDFInfo
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- ES2630808T3 ES2630808T3 ES15166357.2T ES15166357T ES2630808T3 ES 2630808 T3 ES2630808 T3 ES 2630808T3 ES 15166357 T ES15166357 T ES 15166357T ES 2630808 T3 ES2630808 T3 ES 2630808T3
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- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
- F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
- F24H1/201—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply
- F24H1/202—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply with resistances
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/40—Arrangements for preventing corrosion
- F24H9/45—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/40—Arrangements for preventing corrosion
- F24H9/45—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means
- F24H9/455—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means for water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
- F24D2101/60—Thermoelectric generators, e.g. Peltier or Seebeck elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2103/00—Thermal aspects of small-scale CHP systems
- F24D2103/10—Small-scale CHP systems characterised by their heat recovery units
- F24D2103/17—Storage tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2105/00—Constructional aspects of small-scale CHP systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
- F24H2250/06—Peltier
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
Calentador de agua (1), que comprende un depósito interno (2) capaz de contener un volumen de agua (3) que calentar, donde dicho volumen de agua (3) es calentado por un medio de calentamiento (4) dispuesto dentro del depósito interno (2) para calentar el agua, donde dicho depósito interno (2) está envuelto por un aislante (5) el cual a su vez está envuelto por una pared metálica de revestimiento (6), caracterizado por el hecho de que comprende uno o varios generadores termoeléctricos (14), que comprenden cada uno un lado caliente (14a), un lado frío (14b) y medios de conexión eléctrica (14c), dispuestos dentro del calentador de agua (1) entre el depósito interno (2) y la pared metálica de revestimiento (6), el lado caliente (14a) del o de los generadores termoeléctricos (14) estando dispuesto contra la pared externa del depósito interno (2) y el lado frío (14b) del o de los generadores termoeléctricos (14) estando configurado para estar en contacto térmico con una fuente fría, los medios de conexión eléctrica (14c) del o de los generadores termoeléctricos (14) estando conectados a una o varias cargas que consumen la corriente generada por el o los generadores termoeléctricos (14).Water heater (1), comprising an internal tank (2) capable of containing a volume of water (3) to be heated, where said volume of water (3) is heated by a heating means (4) arranged inside the tank internal (2) to heat the water, where said internal tank (2) is surrounded by an insulator (5) which in turn is surrounded by a metal lining wall (6), characterized in that it comprises one or several thermoelectric generators (14), each comprising a hot side (14a), a cold side (14b) and electrical connection means (14c), arranged inside the water heater (1) between the internal tank (2) and the metal cladding wall (6), the hot side (14a) of the thermoelectric generator(s) (14) being arranged against the external wall of the internal tank (2) and the cold side (14b) of the thermoelectric generator(s) ( 14) being configured to be in thermal contact with a cold source, the measurements electrical connection terminals (14c) of the thermoelectric generator(s) (14) being connected to one or more loads that consume the current generated by the thermoelectric generator(s) (14).
Description
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DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
Calentador de agua que comprende uno o varios generadores termoelectricosWater heater comprising one or more thermoelectric generators
[0001] La presente invencion se refiere al dominio de la recuperacion de energia, para calentadores de agua, y se refiere en concreto a un calentador de agua que comprende uno o varios generadores termoelectricos, capaces particularmente de alimentar un medio de proteccion anodica.[0001] The present invention relates to the domain of energy recovery, for water heaters, and refers in particular to a water heater comprising one or more thermoelectric generators, particularly capable of feeding an anodic protection means.
[0002] Durante su funcionamiento normal, un calentador de agua produce agua caliente sanitaria (ECS) por calentamiento, por medio de un dispositivo de calentamiento integrado, de agua en el deposito del calentador de agua. Por razones de ahorro, el dispositivo de calentamiento funciona fuera de las horas puntas y esta apagado durante las horas puntas (excepto si se necesita agua caliente). Por lo tanto, por un lado hay agua fria y una fuente de alimentacion electrica de sector activo durante las horas no puntas y, por otro lado, agua caliente con una fuente de alimentacion electrica inactiva durante las horas puntas.[0002] During normal operation, a water heater produces domestic hot water (ECS) by heating, by means of an integrated heating device, water in the water heater tank. For saving reasons, the heating device operates outside the peak hours and is turned off during the peak hours (except if hot water is needed). Therefore, on the one hand there is cold water and an active sector power supply during non-peak hours and, on the other hand, hot water with an inactive power supply during peak hours.
[0003] Ahora bien, los fenomenos de corrosion dentro del deposito del calentador de agua aumentan con respecto a la temperatura del agua.[0003] However, the corrosion phenomena inside the water heater tank increase with respect to the water temperature.
[0004] Cuando la fuente de alimentacion electrica esta apagada y el agua esta caliente, es necesario tener un dispositivo que permita limitar la corrosion dentro del deposito del calentador de agua.[0004] When the power supply is turned off and the water is hot, it is necessary to have a device that allows limiting the corrosion inside the water heater tank.
[0005] Una primera solucion es el anodo de sacrificio de magnesio, colocado en el deposito del calentador de agua, y que se disuelve lentamente en el deposito. Esta primera solucion no necesita ninguna alimentacion electrica, pero, sin embargo, su vida util muy inferior a la de un calentador de agua implica la necesidad de su sustitucion por un servicio postventa especializado. Ademas, sus rendimientos no son homogeneos (el anodo de sacrificio de magnesio es menos eficaz a final de su vida util) y es dificil para el usuario saber exactamente cuando es necesario cambiarlo.[0005] A first solution is the magnesium sacrificial anode, placed in the water heater tank, and which slowly dissolves in the tank. This first solution does not need any electrical power, but, nevertheless, its useful life much lower than that of a water heater implies the need for its replacement by a specialized after-sales service. In addition, its yields are not homogeneous (the magnesium sacrifice anode is less effective at the end of its useful life) and it is difficult for the user to know exactly when it is necessary to change it.
[0006] Otra solucion consiste en generar corriente en el deposito a traves de una bateria electrica autonoma conectada al deposito. Esta solucion presenta el inconveniente de aumentar ligeramente el volumen global del calentador de agua, ya que el volumen de la bateria aumenta segun la duracion de proteccion deseada. Ademas, al igual que para la solucion precedente, al ser limitado el numero de ciclos de carga / descarga de la bateria, es necesario cambiar la bateria durante la vida util del calentador de agua. Es igualmente necesario prever un compartimento adaptado dentro del calentador de agua que acoja la bateria. Finalmente, como para la solucion precedente, los rendimientos son heterogeneos entre el inicio y el final de la vida util de la bateria.[0006] Another solution is to generate current in the tank through an autonomous electric battery connected to the tank. This solution has the disadvantage of slightly increasing the overall volume of the water heater, since the volume of the battery increases according to the desired duration of protection. In addition, as with the previous solution, since the number of battery charge / discharge cycles is limited, it is necessary to change the battery during the useful life of the water heater. It is also necessary to provide an adapted compartment inside the water heater that houses the battery. Finally, as for the previous solution, the yields are heterogeneous between the beginning and the end of the useful life of the battery.
[0007] La solicitud de modelo de utilidad chino CN202303960 describe un dispositivo de calentamiento de agua de gran eficacia con auto-generacion que comprende un elemento de celula termoelectrica dispuesto sobre una pared interna de una tuberia de recogida de conexion cerca de un orificio de salida de agua, donde el elemento de celula termoelectrico genera una fuerza termo-electromotriz para controlar una bomba de agua que ajusta la velocidad de la cantidad de agua en la tuberia de recogida de conexion calculando la diferencia de temperatura entre el agua que esta en la tuberia y el aire en el exterior de la tuberia. Sin embargo este dispositivo esta adaptado para instalarse en una tuberia que permite calentar agua pero no esta adaptado para instalarse dentro de un deposito de calentador de agua domestico. Ademas, este dispositivo no dispone de un medio de proteccion anodica y, por lo tanto, no permite proteger el deposito de un calentador de agua contra una corrosion.[0007] The Chinese utility model application CN202303960 describes a highly efficient water heating device with self-generation comprising a thermoelectric cell element disposed on an internal wall of a connection collection pipe near an outlet orifice. of water, where the thermoelectric cell element generates a thermo-electromotive force to control a water pump that adjusts the speed of the amount of water in the connection collection pipe by calculating the temperature difference between the water that is in the pipe and the air outside the pipe. However, this device is adapted to be installed in a pipe that allows water to be heated but is not adapted to be installed inside a domestic water heater tank. In addition, this device does not have an anodic protection means and, therefore, does not allow to protect the tank of a water heater against corrosion.
[0008] La solicitud de la patente estadounidense US 4 790 290 A y la solicitud internacional PCT WO20l 1/051379 A2 describen el calentador de agua segun el estado anterior de la tecnica.[0008] The US patent application US 4 790 290 A and the international PCT application WO20l 1/051379 A2 describe the water heater according to the prior art.
[0009] El objetivo de la presente invencion pretende resolver los inconvenientes del estado anterior de la tecnica, proponiendo un calentador de agua que comprende uno o varios generadores termoelectricos capaces particularmente de alimentar de manera autonoma un medio de proteccion anodica con el fin de proteger el deposito del calentador de agua contra una corrosion, donde el o los generadores termoelectricos estan dispuestos dentro del calentador de agua entre el deposito interno y la pared metalica de revestimiento del calentador de agua y permiten generar una corriente sin ninguna conexion a una alimentacion electrica por calculo de diferencia de temperatura entre el deposito interno y la pared metalica externa del calentador de agua, permitiendo de este modo generar una potencia de manera autonoma por recuperacion de una energia termica sin aumentar las dimensiones del calentador de agua.[0009] The objective of the present invention is intended to solve the drawbacks of the prior art, by proposing a water heater comprising one or more thermoelectric generators particularly capable of autonomously feeding an anodic protection means in order to protect the water heater tank against corrosion, where the thermoelectric generators or generators are arranged inside the water heater between the internal tank and the metal wall of the water heater lining and allow to generate a current without any connection to an electrical supply by calculation of temperature difference between the internal tank and the external metal wall of the water heater, thus allowing to generate a power autonomously by recovering a thermal energy without increasing the dimensions of the water heater.
[0010] La presente invencion permite igualmente alimentar con potencia un anodo anticorrosion, por ejemplo de titanio, dispuesto dentro del deposito interno del calentador de agua mediante el o los generadores termoelectricos, permitiendo de este modo el suministro de una energia electrica de proteccion de anodo anticorrosion durante las horas puntas, el ahorro de una potencia proveniente de una alimentacion electrica de red y la obtencion de rendimientos homogeneos de la proteccion anodica del deposito del calentador de agua a lo largo de la vida util del calentador de agua.[0010] The present invention also allows an anticorrosion anode to be fed with power, for example of titanium, disposed within the internal tank of the water heater by means of the thermoelectric generators or generators, thus allowing the supply of an anode protection electrical energy. anticorrosion during peak hours, saving a power from a mains power supply and obtaining homogeneous yields of the anodic protection of the water heater tank throughout the life of the water heater.
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[0011] La presente invencion tambien permite librarse de la sustitucion o del mantenimiento de la protection anodica en el deposito del calentador de agua, ya que la vida util del conjunto generador termoelectrico y anodo de titanio anticorrosion es superior o igual a la vida util del calentador de agua.[0011] The present invention also makes it possible to get rid of the replacement or maintenance of the anodic protection in the water heater tank, since the useful life of the thermoelectric generator set and anti-corrosion titanium anode is greater than or equal to the useful life of the water heater.
[0012] El objetivo de la presente invencion consiste, por lo tanto, en un calentador de agua, que comprende un deposito interno capaz de contener un volumen de agua que se ha de calentar, donde dicho volumen de agua se calienta por un medio de calentamiento dispuesto dentro del deposito interno para calentar el agua, donde dicho deposito interno esta ademas envuelto con un aislante, este aislante tambien envuelto con una pared metalica de revestimiento, caracterizado por el hecho de que comprende uno o varios generadores termoelectricos, que comprenden cada uno un lado caliente, una lado frio y medios de conexion electrica, dispuestos dentro del calentador de agua entre el deposito interno y la pared metalica de revestimiento, donde el lado caliente del o de los generadores termoelectricos esta dispuesto contra la pared externa del deposito interno y el lado frio del o de los generadores termoelectricos esta configurado para estar en contacto termico con una fuente fria, donde los medios de conexion electrica del o de los generadores termoelectricos estan conectados a una o varias cargas que consumen la corriente generada por el o los generadores termoelectricos.[0012] The aim of the present invention is therefore a water heater, which comprises an internal tank capable of containing a volume of water to be heated, where said volume of water is heated by means of heating arranged inside the internal tank to heat the water, where said internal tank is also wrapped with an insulator, this insulator is also wrapped with a metal cladding wall, characterized by the fact that it comprises one or more thermoelectric generators, each comprising a hot side, a cold side and electrical connection means, disposed within the water heater between the internal tank and the metallic wall of coating, where the hot side of the thermoelectric generator (s) is arranged against the external wall of the internal tank and The cold side of the thermoelectric generator (s) is configured to be in thermal contact with a cold source, where the The electrical connection of the thermoelectric generators or generators are connected to one or more charges that consume the current generated by the thermoelectric generators or generators.
[0013] Asi, el o los generadores termoelectricos permiten generar una o varias fuentes de tension/corriente autonomas por medio de una diferencia de temperatura entre la pared externa del deposito interno del calentador de agua y la fuente fria, la o las fuentes de corriente/tension autonomas estando conectadas a una o varias cargas dispuestas dentro de o en el exterior del calentador de agua.[0013] Thus, the thermoelectric generator (s) allow one or several autonomous voltage / current sources to be generated by means of a temperature difference between the external wall of the internal water heater tank and the cold source, the current source (s) / Autonomous voltage being connected to one or more loads arranged inside or outside the water heater.
[0014] Ademas, al estar el o los generadores termoelectricos integrados en el calentador de agua (es decir, dispuestos entre el deposito interno y la pared metalica de revestimiento), las dimensiones del calentador de agua permanecen inalteradas.[0014] In addition, since the thermoelectric generator (s) are integrated in the water heater (that is, arranged between the internal tank and the metal cladding wall), the dimensions of the water heater remain unchanged.
[0015] El calentador de agua segun la presente invencion permite alimentar con potencia una o varias cargas sin que estas esten conectadas a una fuente electrica de tipo red o bateria, facilitando de este modo el ahorro de energia y la realization de un aislamiento electrico funcional con respecto a la red electrica.[0015] The water heater according to the present invention makes it possible to power one or more charges without being connected to a grid or battery type electrical source, thus facilitating energy savings and the realization of a functional electrical insulation. With respect to the electricity grid.
[0016] El aislante esta ventajosamente ausente donde estan dispuestos el o los generadores termoelectricos.[0016] The insulator is advantageously absent where the thermoelectric generators or generators are arranged.
[0017] Segun una caracteristica particular de la invencion, la fuente fria es un disipador termico que tiene una parte en contacto termico con un lado frio del o de los generadores termoelectricos y el otro lado en contacto termico con la pared metalica de revestimiento, con el fin de crear un flujo termico en el disipador termico entre una parte caliente constituida por el lado en contacto con el o los generadores termoelectricos y una parte fria constituida por el lado en contacto con la pared metalica de revestimiento.[0017] According to a particular feature of the invention, the cold source is a heat sink that has a part in thermal contact with a cold side of the thermoelectric generator (s) and the other side in thermal contact with the metal cladding wall, with in order to create a thermal flow in the heat sink between a hot part constituted by the side in contact with the thermoelectric generator (s) and a cold part constituted by the side in contact with the metal cladding wall.
[0018] Asi, el lado frio del o de los generadores termoelectricos esta en contacto termico con la pared metalica de revestimiento que esta sustancialmente a temperatura ambiente, lo que permite crear una diferencia de temperatura mas notable entre los lados caliente y frio del o de los generadores termoelectricos y, de este modo, suministrar mas corriente a las cargas.[0018] Thus, the cold side of the thermoelectric generator (s) is in thermal contact with the metal cladding wall that is substantially at room temperature, which allows to create a more noticeable temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of the or thermoelectric generators and, thus, supply more current to the loads.
[0019] Hay que destacar que, para aumentar el contacto termico entre el disipador termico y el o los generadores termoelectricos y la pared metalica de revestimiento, una pasta termica que favorece el flujo termico mediante su buena conductividad termica puede colocarse entre el disipador termico y el o los generadores termoelectricos y entre el disipador termico y la pared metalica de revestimiento.[0019] It should be noted that, in order to increase the thermal contact between the heat sink and the thermoelectric generators or thermowells and the metal wall of the coating, a thermal paste that favors the thermal flow through its good thermal conductivity can be placed between the heat sink and the thermoelectric generators or generators and between the heat sink and the metal cladding wall.
[0020] Segun una caracteristica particular de la invencion, el disipador termico es un radiador, particularmente un radiador de aletas.[0020] According to a particular feature of the invention, the heat sink is a radiator, particularly a fin radiator.
[0021] De este modo, la eficacia del disipador termico se mejora mediante las aletas del radiador, las aletas permitiendo aumentar la superficie de contacto del radiador con el aire ambiente.[0021] In this way, the efficiency of the heat sink is improved by the fins of the radiator, the fins allowing increasing the contact surface of the radiator with ambient air.
[0022] El radiador esta hecho preferiblemente de un metal que tiene buenas propiedades de conduction termica, el metal pudiendo ser, por ejemplo, aluminio.[0022] The radiator is preferably made of a metal that has good thermal conduction properties, the metal being, for example, aluminum.
[0023] Segun una caracteristica particular de la invencion, la fuente fria es la pared metalica de revestimiento embutida de tal manera que esta en contacto termico con el lado frio de cada generador termoelectrico, la pared metalica de revestimiento estando sustancialmente a temperatura ambiente.[0023] According to a particular feature of the invention, the cold source is the embedded metal cladding wall so that it is in thermal contact with the cold side of each thermoelectric generator, the metallic cladding wall being substantially at room temperature.
[0024] Asi, el lado frio del o de los generadores termoelectricos esta directamente en contacto termico con la pared metalica de revestimiento que esta sustancialmente a temperatura ambiente, lo que permite evitar el coste y la instalacion del radiador en el generador termoelectrico, ya que los radiadores de aletas de perfil extruido son relativamente caros.[0024] Thus, the cold side of the thermoelectric generator (s) is directly in thermal contact with the metal cladding wall that is substantially at room temperature, which avoids the cost and installation of the radiator in the thermoelectric generator, since Extruded profile fin radiators are relatively expensive.
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[0025] De manera opcional, una pasta termica puede estar dispuesta entre el lado fria del o de los generadores termoelectricos y la pared metalica de revestimiento con el fin de aumentar el contacto termico entre estos.[0025] Optionally, a thermal paste may be disposed between the cold side of the thermoelectric generator (s) and the metal cladding wall in order to increase the thermal contact between them.
[0026] Segun una caracteristica particular de la invencion, el calentador de agua incluye ademas una cinta de interfaz de aluminio dispuesta entre el lado frio de cada generador termoelectrico y la pared metalica de revestimiento con el fin de mejorar la transferencia de calor.[0026] According to a particular feature of the invention, the water heater also includes an aluminum interface strip disposed between the cold side of each thermoelectric generator and the metal cladding wall in order to improve heat transfer.
[0027] Segun una caracteristica particular de la invencion, el o los generadores termoelectricos estan dispuestos sobre el lado mas caliente de la pared externa del deposito interno al final de un ciclo de calentamiento completo del volumen de agua en el deposito interno, donde el ciclo de calentamiento completo del volumen de agua en el deposito interno es el ciclo necesario para que el medio de calentamiento caliente a una temperatura minima deseada la totalidad del volumen de agua en el deposito interno (sin emision de agua caliente hasta que se alcance la temperatura minima).[0027] According to a particular feature of the invention, the thermoelectric generator (s) are arranged on the hottest side of the outer wall of the inner tank at the end of a complete heating cycle of the volume of water in the inner tank, where the cycle Complete heating of the volume of water in the internal tank is the cycle necessary for the heating medium to heat at a desired minimum temperature the entire volume of water in the internal tank (no hot water emission until the minimum temperature is reached ).
[0028] En los calentadores de agua tradicionales, la parte mas caliente del deposito interno es la parte mas alta del deposito interno, es decir, la parte donde el agua caliente se queda durante mas tiempo en el deposito interno.[0028] In traditional water heaters, the hottest part of the internal tank is the highest part of the internal tank, that is, the part where the hot water stays longer in the internal tank.
[0029] Asi, la diferencia de temperatura entre los lados caliente y frio del o de los generadores termoelectricos es mas importante, lo que permite obtener una potencia que va del o de los generadores termoelectricos hacia la carga o cargas mas importante.[0029] Thus, the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of the thermoelectric generator (s) is more important, which allows obtaining a power that goes from the thermoelectric generator (s) to the most important load or loads.
[0030] Ademas, la diferencia de temperatura entre los lados caliente y frio del o de los generadores termoelectricos persiste durante mas tiempo, hasta que se transvasa la totalidad del agua caliente presente en el calentador de agua, si el o los generadores termoelectricos estan dispuestos al nivel de la parte mas alta del deposito interno.[0030] In addition, the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of the thermoelectric generator (s) persists for a longer time, until all the hot water present in the water heater is transferred, if the thermoelectric generator (s) are arranged at the level of the highest part of the internal deposit.
[0031] Segun una caracteristica particular de la invencion, el calentador de agua comprende varios generadores termoelectricos, dispuestos sobre una misma isoterma en la pared externa del deposito interno o sobre isotermas diferentes en la pared externa del deposito interno, donde al menos uno de dichos generadores termoelectricos esta dispuesto, preferiblemente, sobre la isoterma de temperatura mas alta al final del ciclo completo de calentamiento del volumen de agua en el deposito interno, una isoterma siendo una linea sobre la pared externa del deposito interno que conecta todos los puntos de la pared externa del deposito interno que estan a una misma temperatura.[0031] According to a particular feature of the invention, the water heater comprises several thermoelectric generators, arranged on the same isotherm on the external wall of the internal tank or on different isotherms on the external wall of the internal tank, where at least one of said Thermoelectric generators are preferably arranged on the highest temperature isotherm at the end of the complete cycle of heating the volume of water in the internal tank, an isotherm being a line on the external wall of the internal tank that connects all the points of the wall external of the internal deposit that are at the same temperature.
[0032] De este modo, los generadores termoelectricos pueden estar dispuestos todos sobre una misma isoterma, preferiblemente la isoterma que tiene la temperatura mas alta con el fin de suministrar una corriente maxima, es decir, la isoterma mas alta en el deposito interno, o los generadores termoelectricos pueden estar dispuestos a diferentes alturas sobre el deposito interno con el fin, por ejemplo, de estar lo mas cerca posible de sus cargas respectivas: una carga que consume mas corriente estara conectada asi a un generador termoelectrico sobre una isoterma de temperatura mas alta que una carga que consume menos corriente, que podra estar conectada a un generador termoelectrico sobre una isoterma de temperatura mas baja.[0032] Thus, the thermoelectric generators can all be arranged on the same isotherm, preferably the isotherm having the highest temperature in order to supply a maximum current, that is, the highest isotherm in the internal reservoir, or The thermoelectric generators can be arranged at different heights above the internal tank in order, for example, to be as close as possible to their respective loads: a load that consumes more current will thus be connected to a thermoelectric generator on a more temperature isotherm high than a load that consumes less current, which could be connected to a thermoelectric generator on a lower temperature isotherm.
[0033] Las isotermas, en los calentadores de agua tradicionales en los que el gradiente de temperatura esta en posicion vertical, corresponden a una misma altura en el deposito. Cada isoterma corresponde, por lo tanto, a una altura del deposito.[0033] The isotherms, in traditional water heaters in which the temperature gradient is upright, correspond to the same height in the tank. Each isotherm corresponds, therefore, to a deposit height.
[0034] Ademas, en caso de que los generadores termoelectricos esten dispuestos a diferentes alturas en el deposito interno, los generadores termoelectricos pueden senalar el nivel de agua caliente en el deposito interno, la presencia de una tension en la salida de un generador termoelectrico indica que el agua esta caliente a nivel de la altura donde esta dispuesto el generador termoelectrico y la ausencia de una tension en la salida de un generador termoelectrico que indica que el agua esta fria a nivel de la altura donde esta dispuesto el generador termoelectrico.[0034] In addition, in case the thermoelectric generators are arranged at different heights in the internal tank, the thermoelectric generators can indicate the level of hot water in the internal tank, the presence of a voltage at the output of a thermoelectric generator indicates that the water is hot at the level of the height where the thermoelectric generator is arranged and the absence of a voltage at the outlet of a thermoelectric generator that indicates that the water is cold at the level of the height where the thermoelectric generator is arranged.
[0035] Segun una caracteristica particular de la invencion, el calentador de agua comprende ademas un circuito impreso de tratamiento de la corriente generada por el o los generadores termoelectricos para alimentar la o las cargas.[0035] According to a particular feature of the invention, the water heater also comprises a printed circuit for treating the current generated by the thermoelectric generator (s) for feeding the load (s).
[0036] Asi, el circuito impreso puede usarse para procesar la potencia generada por el o los generadores termoelectricos, con el fin de poner dicha potencia generada en una forma deseada para a continuation liberarla a una o varias cargas.[0036] Thus, the printed circuit can be used to process the power generated by the thermoelectric generator (s), in order to put said power generated in a desired way to then release it to one or more loads.
[0037] Segun una caracteristica particular de la invencion, el circuito impreso comprende un elevador de tension continua a tension continua y opcionalmente un generador de impulsos.[0037] According to a particular feature of the invention, the printed circuit comprises a continuous voltage elevator to continuous voltage and optionally a pulse generator.
[0038] De este modo, se puede usar el circuito impreso para hacer aumentar la tension del o de los generadores[0038] Thus, the printed circuit can be used to increase the voltage of the generator (s).
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termoelectricos, y/o interrumpir la corriente con una relacion dclica adecuada (creando impulsos de fuerte tension) para que el tamano y, por lo tanto, el coste del o de los generadores termoelectricos sean mmimos.thermoelectric, and / or interrupt the current with an adequate dclic relation (creating impulses of strong tension) so that the size and, therefore, the cost of the thermoelectric generators or generators are minimal.
[0039] Segun una caracteristica particular de la invencion, la o las cargas conectadas al o a los generadores termoelectricos son una o varias de entre de un dispositivo de proteccion contra la corrosion en el deposito interno, un dispositivo de control, un dispositivo de visualizacion (por ejemplo, un indicador visual o una pantalla) y un dispositivo de comunicacion.[0039] According to a particular feature of the invention, the load (s) connected to the thermoelectric generators or generators are one or more of a corrosion protection device in the internal tank, a control device, a display device ( for example, a visual indicator or a screen) and a communication device.
[0040] Asi, el dispositivo de proteccion contra la corrosion permite proteger el deposito interno del calentador de agua lleno de Kquido caliente contra la corrosion con una alimentacion autonoma generada por el o los generadores termoelectricos, sin que sea necesaria ninguna conexion a una red electrica o a una bateria con vida util limitada para alimentar con potencia el dispositivo de proteccion contra la corrosion.[0040] Thus, the corrosion protection device allows to protect the internal tank of the water heater filled with hot liquid against corrosion with an autonomous supply generated by the thermoelectric generators or generators, without any connection to an electrical network being necessary. or to a battery with limited life to power the corrosion protection device.
[0041] Ademas, el o los generadores termoelectricos pueden permitir alimentar con potencia uno o varios otros dispositivos de manera autonoma con el fin, por ejemplo, de encender un indicador visual o una pantalla en el calentador de agua o de transmitir por radiofrecuencia (RF) unas informaciones relativas al calentador de agua (nivel de llenado, temperatura del liquido, presion ...) a una pantalla distante, sin que sea necesaria ninguna conexion a una red electrica o a una bateria con vida util limitada para alimentar con potencia estos dispositivos.[0041] In addition, the thermoelectric generator (s) can power one or more other devices autonomously to power, for example, to turn on a visual indicator or a screen in the water heater or to transmit by radio frequency (RF) ) information related to the water heater (filling level, liquid temperature, pressure ...) to a distant screen, without any connection to an electrical network or a battery with limited useful life to power these devices .
[0042] Se debe senalar que se podria usar un acumulador o un supercondensador para alimentar temporalmente el dispositivo de proteccion contra la corrosion y/o uno o varios otros dispositivos para evitar cortas interrupciones de corriente de gran potencia, sin apartarse del marco de la presente invencion.[0042] It should be noted that an accumulator or a supercapacitor could be used to temporarily power the corrosion protection device and / or one or more other devices to avoid short interruptions of high power current, without departing from the framework of the present invention.
[0043] Segun una caracteristica particular de la invencion, el dispositivo de proteccion contra la corrosion es un anodo anticorrosion, el anodo anticorrosion siendo, preferiblemente, de titanio.[0043] According to a particular feature of the invention, the corrosion protection device is an anti-corrosion anode, the anti-corrosion anode being preferably titanium.
[0044] Se debe senalar que el anodo anticorrosion tambien podria ser de acero, de hierro colado, de grafito, de oxidos metalicos o de platino, u de otro metal, sin apartarse del marco de la presente invencion.[0044] It should be noted that the anti-corrosion anode could also be made of steel, cast iron, graphite, metal oxides or platinum, or another metal, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[0045] Asi, se genera una corriente entre el anodo anticorrosion y el deposito interno del calentador de agua con el fin de proteger el deposito interno contra la corrosion mediante el o los generadores termoelectricos, esta solucion siendo casi indestructible y sin necesidad de mantenimiento, al contrario que un anodo de sacrificio.[0045] Thus, a current is generated between the anti-corrosion anode and the internal tank of the water heater in order to protect the internal tank against corrosion by means of the thermoelectric generator (s), this solution being almost indestructible and maintenance free, unlike a year of sacrifice.
[0046] Preferiblemente, el anodo anticorrosion se coloca a nivel de la parte superior del deposito interno del calentador de agua, en la proximidad del o de los generadores termoelectricos.[0046] Preferably, the anti-corrosion anode is placed at the level of the upper part of the internal tank of the water heater, in the vicinity of the thermoelectric generator (s).
[0047] Se debe senalar que se puede asociar varios generadores termoelectricos con el fin de obtener la tension y la corriente necesaria para el tamano del deposito interno del calentador de agua que ha de proteger.[0047] It should be noted that several thermoelectric generators can be associated in order to obtain the voltage and current necessary for the size of the internal tank of the water heater to be protected.
[0048] Para ilustrar mejor el objeto de la presente invencion, se describira a continuacion, a titulo ilustrativo y no limitativo, formas de realizacion preferidas, con referencia a los dibujos anexos.[0048] In order to better illustrate the object of the present invention, preferred embodiments will be described below, by way of illustration and with no limitation, with reference to the attached drawings.
[0049] En estos dibujos:[0049] In these drawings:
- la figura 1 es una vista en seccion transversal de un calentador de agua segun una primera forma de realizacion de la presente invencion;- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a water heater according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
- la figura 2 es una vista en detalle de la parte del calentador de agua que incluye un generador termoelectrico de la figura 1;- Figure 2 is a detailed view of the part of the water heater that includes a thermoelectric generator of Figure 1;
- la figura 3 es una vista analoga a la figura 2 segun una segunda forma de realizacion de la presente invencion; y- Figure 3 is a view analogous to Figure 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Y
- la figura 4 es un diagrama de bloques del conjunto incluyendo el generador termoelectrico, el circuito impreso y el anodo de titanio anticorrosion segun la presente invencion.- Figure 4 is a block diagram of the assembly including the thermoelectric generator, the printed circuit and the anti-corrosion titanium anode according to the present invention.
[0050] Si se observa la figura 1, se puede ver que en esta esta representado un calentador de agua 1 segun una primera forma de realizacion de la presente invencion.[0050] If Figure 1 is observed, it can be seen that a water heater 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0051] El calentador de agua 1 incluye un deposito interno 2 capaz de contener un volumen de agua 3 que se calienta por un medio de calentamiento 4 dispuesto dentro del deposito interno 2 para calentar agua, dicho deposito interno 2 estando ademas rodeado por un aislante 5 el cual tambien esta rodeado por una pared metalica de revestimiento 6.[0051] The water heater 1 includes an internal tank 2 capable of containing a volume of water 3 that is heated by a heating means 4 arranged inside the internal tank 2 to heat water, said internal tank 2 being also surrounded by an insulator 5 which is also surrounded by a metal cladding wall 6.
[0052] El deposito interno 2 es, sin que eso sea limitativo, de forma cilindrica con dos extremos en la direction longitudinal en forma abovedada y esta sellado de manera estanca, la altura del deposito interno 2 favoreciendo la formation de capas de agua estables de diferentes temperaturas.[0052] The internal tank 2 is, without being limiting, cylindrical with two ends in the longitudinal direction in a vaulted shape and is sealed tightly, the height of the internal tank 2 favoring the formation of stable water layers of Different temperatures
[0053] Se debe senalar que el deposito interno 2 tambien podria ser de forma paralelepipedica, sin alejarse del[0053] It should be noted that the internal deposit 2 could also be parallelepipedic, without departing from the
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marco de la presente invencion.framework of the present invention.
[0054] El deposito interno 2 es metalico, como por ejemplo de acero, pero tambien podria ser de material plastico.[0054] The internal tank 2 is metallic, such as steel, but it could also be made of plastic material.
[0055] El aislante 5 es una espuma aislante tal y como el poliuretano que envuelve la totalidad de la pared externa del deposito interno 2.[0055] The insulator 5 is an insulating foam such as the polyurethane that envelops the entire outer wall of the internal reservoir 2.
[0056] Se debe senalar que el aislante 5 tambien podria ser de poliestireno expandido, sin apartarse del marco de la presente invencion.[0056] It should be noted that the insulator 5 could also be made of expanded polystyrene, without departing from the framework of the present invention.
[0057] El espesor del aislante 5 esta, preferiblemente, comprendido entre 20 mm y 60 mm, con el fin obtener un aislamiento termico eficaz.[0057] The thickness of the insulator 5 is preferably between 20 mm and 60 mm, in order to obtain an effective thermal insulation.
[0058] La pared metalica de revestimiento 6 que envuelve el aislante 5 tiene sustancialmente la misma forma que el deposito interno 2 del calentador de agua 1 y tambien esta cerrada de manera sustancialmente estanca.[0058] The metal cladding wall 6 that surrounds the insulator 5 has substantially the same shape as the internal reservoir 2 of the water heater 1 and is also substantially sealed.
[0059] La pared metalica de revestimiento 6 es de metal, por ejemplo de acero pintado.[0059] The metal cladding wall 6 is made of metal, for example painted steel.
[0060] El calentador de agua 1 tambien incluye una tuberia de entrada de agua fria 7 y una tuberia de salida de agua caliente 8, donde la tuberia de entrada agua fria 7 y la tuberia de salida de agua caliente penetran en el deposito interno 2 del calentador de agua 1 a traves de dos orificios 9, 10, respectivamente, formados en la pared inferior de la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, la capa inferior de aislante 5 y la pared inferior del deposito interno 2.[0060] The water heater 1 also includes a cold water inlet pipe 7 and a hot water outlet pipe 8, where the cold water inlet pipe 7 and the hot water outlet pipe enter the inner tank 2 of the water heater 1 through two holes 9, 10, respectively, formed in the bottom wall of the metal cladding wall 6, the bottom layer of insulator 5 and the bottom wall of the inner tank 2.
[0061] En un calentador de agua 1 tradicional, donde el agua mas caliente se situa en la parte superior del deposito interno 2, el extremo de entrada 11 de la tuberia de salida de agua caliente 8 se situa al nivel de la parte superior del deposito interno 2 y el extremo de salida 12 de la tuberia de entrada de agua fria 7 se situa al nivel de la parte inferior del deposito interno 2.[0061] In a traditional water heater 1, where the hottest water is located in the upper part of the internal reservoir 2, the inlet end 11 of the hot water outlet pipe 8 is located at the level of the upper part of the internal tank 2 and the outlet end 12 of the cold water inlet pipe 7 is located at the level of the lower part of the internal tank 2.
[0062] El medio de calentamiento 4 se compone de una resistencia de calentamiento 4a colocada a nivel de la parte inferior del deposito interno 2, en la proximidad del extremo de salida 12 de la tuberia de entrada de agua fria 7, y que se introduce en el deposito interno 2 a traves de un orificio 13 formado en la pared inferior de la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, la capa inferior del aislante 5 y la pared inferior del deposito interno 2, y de una alimentacion electrica 4b conectada a la resistencia de calentamiento 4a y colocada bajo la pared inferior de la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, la alimentacion electrica 4b estando conectada a una red electrica domestica.[0062] The heating means 4 is composed of a heating resistance 4a placed at the level of the lower part of the internal tank 2, in the vicinity of the outlet end 12 of the cold water inlet pipe 7, and which is introduced in the internal tank 2 through a hole 13 formed in the lower wall of the metal cladding wall 6, the lower layer of the insulator 5 and the lower wall of the internal tank 2, and of an electrical supply 4b connected to the resistance of heating 4a and placed under the bottom wall of the metal cladding wall 6, the electrical supply 4b being connected to a domestic electrical network.
[0063] La resistencia de calentamiento 4a del medio de calentamiento 4 es, preferiblemente, una resistencia esteatita, pero tambien puede ser un cuerpo de calentamiento blindado directamente en contacto con el agua.[0063] The heating resistance 4a of the heating medium 4 is preferably a soapstone resistance, but it can also be a shielded heating body directly in contact with water.
[0064] El calentador de agua 1 incluye ademas un generador termoelectrico 14 colocado entre la pared externa del deposito interno 2 y la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, sin que el calentador de agua 1 lleve un aislante 5 en el sitio del generador termoelectrico 14.[0064] The water heater 1 also includes a thermoelectric generator 14 placed between the outer wall of the internal reservoir 2 and the metal cladding wall 6, without the water heater 1 carrying an insulator 5 at the site of the thermoelectric generator 14.
[0065] El generador termoelectrico 14 incluye un lado caliente 14a, un lado frio 14b y medios de conexion electrica 14c.[0065] The thermoelectric generator 14 includes a hot side 14a, a cold side 14b and electrical connection means 14c.
[0066] El calentador de agua 1 tambien incluye un disipador termico 15 que es un radiador de aletas y que esta colocado entre el generador termoelectrico 14 y la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, sin que el calentador de agua 1 comporte un aislante 5 en el sitio del disipador termico 15.[0066] The water heater 1 also includes a heat sink 15 which is a fin radiator and which is placed between the thermoelectric generator 14 and the metal cladding wall 6, without the water heater 1 carrying an insulator 5 in the heat sink site 15.
[0067] Se debe senalar que el disipador termico 15 tambien podria ser una banda de interfaz de aluminio en laminas o una tuberia de circulation de agua fria, sin apartarse del marco de la presente invencion.[0067] It should be noted that the heat sink 15 could also be a sheet of aluminum foil interface or a cold water circulation pipe, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[0068] El lado caliente 14a del generador termoelectrico 14 esta dispuesto contra la pared externa del deposito interno 2, al nivel de la parte superior del deposito interno 2 que constituye la parte mas caliente de la pared externa del deposito interno 2 al final de un ciclo de calentamiento completo del volumen de agua 3 en el deposito interno 2, donde el ciclo de calentamiento completo del volumen de agua 3 en el deposito interno 2 es el ciclo necesario para que el medio de calentamiento 4 caliente a una temperatura minima deseada la totalidad del volumen de agua 3 en el deposito interno 2, sin emision de agua caliente hasta que se alcance la temperatura minima.[0068] The hot side 14a of the thermoelectric generator 14 is disposed against the outer wall of the inner tank 2, at the level of the upper part of the inner tank 2 which constitutes the hottest part of the outer wall of the inner tank 2 at the end of a complete heating cycle of the water volume 3 in the internal reservoir 2, where the complete heating cycle of the water volume 3 in the internal reservoir 2 is the cycle necessary for the heating medium 4 to heat at a desired minimum temperature the entire of the volume of water 3 in the internal tank 2, without hot water emission until the minimum temperature is reached.
[0069] El disipador termico 15 tiene una parte en contacto termico con el lado frio 14b del generador termoelectrico 14 y una parte en contacto termico con la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, con el fin de crear un flujo termico en el disipador termico 15 entre una parte caliente constituida por la parte en contacto con el[0069] The heat sink 15 has a part in thermal contact with the cold side 14b of the thermoelectric generator 14 and a part in thermal contact with the metal cladding wall 6, in order to create a thermal flow in the heat sink 15 between a hot part constituted by the part in contact with the
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generador termoelectrico 14 y una parte fria constituida por la parte en contacto con la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, la pared metalica de revestimiento 6 quedando sustancialmente a la temperatura ambiente de la habitacion en la que se encuentra el calentador de agua 1.thermoelectric generator 14 and a cold part constituted by the part in contact with the metal cladding wall 6, the metallic cladding wall 6 being substantially at room temperature of the room in which the water heater 1 is located.
[0070] Se debe senalar que el calentador de agua 1 podria comprender varios generadores termoelectricos 14, dispuestos sobre una misma isoterma (es decir, una linea sobre la pared externa del deposito interno 2 que conecta todos los puntos de la pared externa del deposito interno 2 a una misma temperatura) en la pared externa del deposito interno 2 o sobre isotermas diferentes en la pared externa del deposito interno 2, al menos uno de dichos generadores termoelectricos 14 estando dispuesto, preferiblemente, sobre la isoterma de mayor temperatura al final del ciclo de calentamiento completo del volumen de agua 3 en el deposito interno 2, sin apartarse del marco de la presente invention.[0070] It should be noted that the water heater 1 could comprise several thermoelectric generators 14, arranged on the same isotherm (that is, a line on the external wall of the internal tank 2 that connects all the points of the external wall of the internal tank 2 at the same temperature) on the external wall of the internal tank 2 or on different isotherms on the external wall of the internal tank 2, at least one of said thermoelectric generators 14 being preferably arranged on the higher temperature isotherm at the end of the cycle of complete heating of the volume of water 3 in the internal reservoir 2, without departing from the framework of the present invention.
[0071] Igualmente, el calentador de agua 1 podria incluir un disipador termico 15 para el conjunto de los generadores termoelectricos 14 o varios disipadores termicos 15 respectivamente para cada generador termoelectrico 14.[0071] Similarly, the water heater 1 could include a heat sink 15 for the set of thermoelectric generators 14 or several heat sinks 15 respectively for each thermoelectric generator 14.
[0072] A traves de la diferencia de temperatura entre la pared externa del deposito interno 2 en la isoterma sobre la cual se situa el generador termoelectrico 14 y la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, el generador termoelectrico 14 genera una corriente, dicha corriente que es transportada hacia una carga que la consume mediante los medios de conexion electrica 14c del generador termoelectrico 14 que conectan dicha carga al generador termoelectrico 14.[0072] Through the temperature difference between the external wall of the internal tank 2 in the isotherm on which the thermoelectric generator 14 and the metal cladding wall 6 is located, the thermoelectric generator 14 generates a current, said current which is transported to a load that consumes it by means of the electrical connection means 14c of the thermoelectric generator 14 that connect said load to the thermoelectric generator 14.
[0073] El calentador de agua 1 incluye ademas un anodo de titanio anticorrosion 16 como dispositivo de protection contra la corrosion en el deposito interno 2, el anodo de titanio anticorrosion 16 estando dispuesto dentro del deposito interno 2, en la parte alta del deposito interno 2, en la proximidad del generador termoelectrico 14, y conectado al generador termoelectrico 14 mediante medios de conexion electrica 14c del generador termoelectrico 14, medios de conexion electrica 14c que pasan por un orificio 17 formado de manera estanca en el deposito interno 2 con el fin de conectar el anodo de titanio anticorrosion 16 al generador termoelectrico 14.[0073] The water heater 1 also includes an anticorrosion titanium anode 16 as a corrosion protection device in the internal reservoir 2, the anticorrosion titanium anode 16 being disposed within the internal reservoir 2, in the upper part of the internal reservoir 2, in the vicinity of the thermoelectric generator 14, and connected to the thermoelectric generator 14 by means of electrical connection 14c of the thermoelectric generator 14, electrical connection means 14c that pass through an orifice 17 formed tightly in the internal tank 2 in order connect the corrosion-resistant titanium anode 16 to the thermoelectric generator 14.
[0074] De este modo, se genera una corriente entre el anodo de titanio anticorrosion 16 y el deposito interno 2 del calentador de agua 1 con el fin de proteger el deposito interno 2 de la corrosion mediante el generador termoelectrico 14, esta solution siendo casi indestructible y sin necesidad de mantenimiento, al contrario que un anodo de sacrificio.[0074] Thus, a current is generated between the anticorrosion titanium anode 16 and the internal reservoir 2 of the water heater 1 in order to protect the internal reservoir 2 from corrosion by the thermoelectric generator 14, this solution being almost indestructible and maintenance free, unlike a year of sacrifice.
[0075] Se debe senalar que el anodo anticorrosion 16 tambien podria ser de un material diferente al titanio, como por ejemplo de acero, de hierro colado, de grafito, de oxidos metalicos o de platino, o de otro metal, sin apartarse del marco de la presente invencion.[0075] It should be noted that the anti-corrosion anode 16 could also be of a material other than titanium, such as steel, cast iron, graphite, metal or platinum oxides, or another metal, without departing from the frame of the present invention.
[0076] Se debe senalar que el generador termoelectrico 14 tambien podria conectarse, mediante medios de conexion electrica 14c, a un dispositivo de control como un dispositivo de reactivation de calentamiento si la tension en los polos del generador termoelectrico Vteg = 0, a un dispositivo de visualization tal como un indicador visual o una pantalla y/o a un dispositivo de comunicacion tal como un circuito impreso de transmision por radio RF, Bluetooth Low energy, Wifi o 868 MHz para transmitir por radiofrecuencia (RF) las informaciones relativas al calentador de agua 1 (nivel de llenado, temperatura del liquido, presion ...) a una pantalla distante, sin apartarse del marco de la presente.[0076] It should be noted that the thermoelectric generator 14 could also be connected, by means of electrical connection 14c, to a control device such as a heating reactivation device if the voltage at the poles of the thermoelectric generator Vteg = 0, to a device of visualization such as a visual indicator or a screen and / or a communication device such as a printed RF transmission circuit, Bluetooth Low energy, Wifi or 868 MHz to transmit by radio frequency (RF) the information related to the water heater 1 (filling level, liquid temperature, pressure ...) to a distant screen, without departing from the present frame.
[0077] Si se observa la figura 2, se puede ver que en esta se representa la parte que incluye el generador termoelectrico 14 del calentador de agua 1 segun la primera forma de realization de la presente invencion.[0077] If Figure 2 is observed, it can be seen that the part that includes the thermoelectric generator 14 of the water heater 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0078] Como se ha mencionado anteriormente, el generador termoelectrico 14 incluye un lado caliente 14a, un lado frio 14b y medios de conexion electrica 14c, y esta colocado entre el deposito interno 2 y la pared metalica de revestimiento 6 del calentador de agua 1, el lado caliente 14a del generador termoelectrico 14 estando dispuesto contra la pared externa del deposito interno 2.[0078] As mentioned above, the thermoelectric generator 14 includes a hot side 14a, a cold side 14b and electrical connection means 14c, and is placed between the internal reservoir 2 and the metal cladding wall 6 of the water heater 1 , the hot side 14a of the thermoelectric generator 14 being arranged against the outer wall of the internal tank 2.
[0079] El disipador termico 15, que es un radiador de aletas, esta dispuesto entre el generador termoelectrico 14 y la pared metalica de revestimiento 6.[0079] The heat sink 15, which is a fin radiator, is disposed between the thermoelectric generator 14 and the metal cladding wall 6.
[0080] Se debe senalar que la parte del calentador de agua 1, entre el deposito interno 2 y la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, que incluye el generador termoelectrico 14 y el disipador termico 15, no tiene aislante 5.[0080] It should be noted that the part of the water heater 1, between the internal reservoir 2 and the metal cladding wall 6, which includes the thermoelectric generator 14 and the heatsink 15, has no insulator 5.
[0081] El disipador termico 15, que es un radiador de aletas, incluye una parte en contacto termico con el lado frio 14b del generador termoelectrico 14 y una parte 18 en contacto termico con la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, una pasta termica 19 estando dispuesta entre el disipador termico 15 y el lado frio 14b del generador termoelectrico 14 y tambien entre el disipador termico 15 y la pared metalica de revestimiento 6 para aumentar el contacto termico entre estos.[0081] The heat sink 15, which is a fin radiator, includes a part in thermal contact with the cold side 14b of the thermoelectric generator 14 and a part 18 in thermal contact with the metal cladding wall 6, a thermal paste 19 being disposed between the heat sink 15 and the cold side 14b of the thermoelectric generator 14 and also between the heat sink 15 and the metal cladding wall 6 to increase the thermal contact between them.
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[0082] Una pasta termica 19 tambien esta dispuesta entre la pared externa del deposito interno 2 y el lado caliente 14a del generador termoelectrico 14.[0082] A thermal paste 19 is also disposed between the outer wall of the internal tank 2 and the hot side 14a of the thermoelectric generator 14.
[0083] La pasta termica puede ser, por ejemplo, una grasa de contacto de la marca registrada DOW CORNING de tipo 340 Heat Sink Compound.[0083] The thermal paste may be, for example, a contact grease of the registered trademark DOW CORNING type 340 Heat Sink Compound.
[0084] El disipador termico 15 incluye ademas varias aletas 20 dispuestas en paralelo desde la parte del disipador termico 15 en contacto termico con el lado frio 14b del generador termoelectrico 14 en direccion de la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, permitiendo aumentar la superficie de contacto termico del disipador termico 15 con el aire ambiente, mejorando asi la eficacia del disipador termico 15.[0084] The heat sink 15 also includes several fins 20 arranged in parallel from the part of the heat sink 15 in thermal contact with the cold side 14b of the thermoelectric generator 14 in the direction of the metal cladding wall 6, allowing to increase the contact surface thermal heatsink 15 with ambient air, thus improving the efficiency of the heatsink 15.
[0085] El radiador de aletas esta hecho preferiblemente de un metal que tiene buenas propiedades de conduccion termica, el metal pudiendo ser, por ejemplo, aluminio anodizado.[0085] The fin radiator is preferably made of a metal that has good thermal conduction properties, the metal being, for example, anodized aluminum.
[0086] Si se observa la figura 3, se puede ver que en esta se representa la parte que incluye el generador termoelectrico 14 de un calentador de agua 1 segun una segunda forma de realizacion de la presente invencion.[0086] If Figure 3 is observed, it can be seen that the part that includes the thermoelectric generator 14 of a water heater 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0087] En esta segunda forma de realizacion, el calentador de agua 1 no contiene disipador termico 15 y el lado frio 14b del generador termoelectrico 14 esta directamente en contacto termico con la pared metalica de revestimiento 6, la pared metalica de revestimiento 6 estando embutida en el lugar donde se encuentra el generador termoelectrico 14 para entrar en contacto con el lado frio 14b del generador termoelectrico 14, la pared metalica de revestimiento 6 estando sustancialmente a temperatura ambiente.[0087] In this second embodiment, the water heater 1 does not contain a heatsink 15 and the cold side 14b of the thermoelectric generator 14 is directly in thermal contact with the metal cladding wall 6, the metallic cladding wall 6 being embedded in the place where the thermoelectric generator 14 is located to come into contact with the cold side 14b of the thermoelectric generator 14, the metal cladding wall 6 is substantially at room temperature.
[0088] Una pasta termica 19 esta dispuesta entre el lado frio 14b del generador termoelectrico 14 y la pared metalica de revestimiento 6 embutida con el fin de aumentar el contacto termico entre estos.[0088] A thermal paste 19 is disposed between the cold side 14b of the thermoelectric generator 14 and the embedded metal wall 6 in order to increase the thermal contact between them.
[0089] Si se observa la figura 4, se puede ver que en esta se representa un conjunto de generador termoelectrico, circuito impreso y anodo de titanio anticorrosion segun la presente invencion.[0089] If Figure 4 is observed, it can be seen that a thermoelectric generator set, printed circuit and anti-corrosion titanium anode according to the present invention are represented.
[0090] El calentador de agua 1 segun la presente invencion tambien puede incluir un circuito impreso 21 de tratamiento de la corriente generada por el generador termoelectrico 14 para alimentar el anodo con titanio anticorrosion 16, y el circuito impreso 21 esta dispuesto en proximidad del generador termoelectrico 14 entre el deposito interno 2 y la pared metalica de revestimiento 6 del calentador de agua 1 o en una caja de plastico fijada.[0090] The water heater 1 according to the present invention may also include a printed circuit 21 for treating the current generated by the thermoelectric generator 14 to feed the anode with anti-corrosion titanium 16, and the printed circuit 21 is arranged in proximity to the generator thermoelectric 14 between the internal tank 2 and the metal lining wall 6 of the water heater 1 or in a fixed plastic box.
[0091] El circuito impreso 21 incluye un elevador de tension continua a tension continua 22 y un generador de impulsos 23, donde el elevador de tension 22 permite aumentar la tension generada por el generador termoelectrico 14 y el generador de impulsos 23 permite a continuation interrumpir la corriente con una relation ciclica adecuada (mediante la creation de impulsos de fuerte tension) con el fin de minimizar al maximo el tamano y, por lo tanto, el coste del generador termoelectrico 14, el anodo de titanio anticorrosion 16 necesitando recibir impulsos de fuerte tension para ser eficaz.[0091] The printed circuit 21 includes a continuous voltage elevator to continuous voltage 22 and a pulse generator 23, where the voltage elevator 22 allows to increase the voltage generated by the thermoelectric generator 14 and the pulse generator 23 allows continuation to interrupt the current with a suitable cyclic ratio (by creating strong voltage impulses) in order to minimize the maximum size and, therefore, the cost of the thermoelectric generator 14, the anti-corrosion titanium anode 16 needing to receive strong impulses tension to be effective.
[0092] La tension generada por el generador termoelectrico 14 se introduce en la entrada del elevador de tension continua a tension continua 22 del circuito impreso 21, a continuacion la tension elevada de la salida del elevador de tension continua a tension continua 22 se introduce en la entrada del generador de impulsos 23 del circuito impreso 21, y luego los impulsos con tension elevada en la salida del generador de impulsos 23 se introducen en la entrada del anodo de titanio anticorrosion 16 para proteger el deposito interno 2 del calentador de agua 1 contra la corrosion.[0092] The voltage generated by the thermoelectric generator 14 is introduced at the input of the continuous voltage booster to continuous voltage 22 of the printed circuit 21, then the high voltage of the output of the continuous tension booster to continuous voltage 22 is introduced into the input of the pulse generator 23 of the printed circuit 21, and then the pulses with high voltage at the output of the pulse generator 23 are introduced into the input of the anticorrosion titanium anode 16 to protect the internal reservoir 2 of the water heater 1 against corrosion
[0093] A titulo indicativo y no limitativo, segun un ejemplo, la tension en la salida del generador termoelectrico 14 es de 350 mV, la tension en la salida del elevador de tension continua a tension continua 22 es de 1,5 V, y la tension de los impulsos en la salida del generador de impulsos 23 es de 10 V.[0093] By way of indication and not limitation, according to one example, the voltage at the output of the thermoelectric generator 14 is 350 mV, the voltage at the output of the continuous voltage elevator to continuous voltage 22 is 1.5 V, and The pulse voltage at the pulse generator output 23 is 10 V.
[0094] Se debe senalar que el circuito impreso 21 del calentador de agua 1 podria incluir solamente un elevador de tension continua a tension continua 22, sin apartarse del marco de la presente invencion.[0094] It should be noted that the printed circuit 21 of the water heater 1 could only include a continuous tension elevator to continuous voltage 22, without departing from the frame of the present invention.
[0095] Se debe senalar que el circuito impreso 21 podria incluir otros circuitos electronicos de procesamiento tales como circuitos integrados de gestion del punto de funcionamiento a optimo rendimiento (Harvesting Integrated Circuits), sin apartarse del marco de la presente invencion.[0095] It should be noted that the printed circuit 21 could include other electronic processing circuits such as integrated operating management circuits at optimum performance (Harvesting Integrated Circuits), without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[0096] Tambien se debe senalar que el calentador de agua 1 podria incluir varios generadores termoelectricos 14 que incluyen cada uno un circuito impreso 21, y cada circuito impreso 21 esta concebido con el fin de proporcionar una tension/corriente adaptada al consumo de la carga a la cual se conecta el generador termoelectrico 14 asociado.[0096] It should also be noted that the water heater 1 could include several thermoelectric generators 14 each including a printed circuit 21, and each printed circuit 21 is designed in order to provide a voltage / current adapted to the load consumption to which the associated thermoelectric generator 14 is connected.
[0097] Se debe senalar que varios generadores termoelectricos 14 tambien podrian asociarse para obtener la tension y la corriente necesarias para el tamano del deposito interno 2 del calentador de agua 1 que se ha de proteger contra la corrosion.[0097] It should be noted that several thermoelectric generators 14 could also be associated to obtain the voltage and current necessary for the size of the internal reservoir 2 of the water heater 1 to be protected against corrosion.
5 [0098] La presente invencion puede ser aplicada por cualquier persona que quiera proteger un deposito o un5 [0098] The present invention can be applied by any person who wants to protect a deposit or a
recipiente metalico lleno de hquido contra la corrosion, o cualquier persona que quiera encender mediante un indicador visual (por ejemplo, uno que se encienda en rojo para indicar que el hquido esta caliente), o cualquier persona que quiera transmitir por radiofrecuencia (RF) informaciones relacionadas con el deposito (nivel de llenado, temperatura del liquido, presion ...) hacia, por ejemplo, una pantalla distante, sin ninguna conexion a una 10 fuente de electricidad de tipo red EDT, pila, acumulador o bateria.Metallic container filled with anti-corrosion liquid, or any person who wishes to turn on by means of a visual indicator (for example, one that turns red to indicate that the liquid is hot), or anyone who wants to transmit by radiofrequency (RF) information related to the deposit (filling level, liquid temperature, pressure ...) towards, for example, a remote display, without any connection to an EDT network source, battery, accumulator or battery.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1454536A FR3021397B1 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2014-05-20 | WATER HEATER COMPRISING ONE OR MORE THERMOELECTRIC GENERATORS |
| FR1454536 | 2014-05-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2630808T3 true ES2630808T3 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES15166357.2T Active ES2630808T3 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-05 | Water heater comprising one or more thermoelectric generators |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2947398B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2630808T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR3021397B1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2947398T3 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT2947398T (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107581890B (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2022-07-08 | 中山市斯乐得电器有限公司 | Intelligent control energy-saving electric cooker |
| CN107726602B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2020-08-18 | 杭州九阳小家电有限公司 | Electric water heater with gas collection and discharge functions |
| IT201900007587A1 (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-11-30 | Luca Tomasini | HYBRID HOT WATER PRODUCTION SYSTEM AND METHOD WITH STATIC HEAT PUMP |
| CN113251657A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2021-08-13 | 青岛海尔新能源电器有限公司 | Heat pump water heater and control method thereof |
| CN211695424U (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-10-16 | 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 | Inner container structure and water storage type water heater |
| US12096693B2 (en) | 2022-03-28 | 2024-09-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Temperature indicator powered by thermoelectric generator |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4790290A (en) * | 1987-09-28 | 1988-12-13 | A. O. Smith Corporation | Method and apparatus for foam insulating a vessel |
| MY147914A (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2013-01-31 | Seers Internat Sdn Bhd | Systems and methods for heating water by absorbing heat in ambient air |
| BR112012010177A2 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2016-04-12 | Colipu As | water heater to heat domestic water. |
| CN202303960U (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2012-07-04 | 南通纺织职业技术学院 | Self-generating high-efficiency water heater |
-
2014
- 2014-05-20 FR FR1454536A patent/FR3021397B1/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-05-05 PT PT151663572T patent/PT2947398T/en unknown
- 2015-05-05 ES ES15166357.2T patent/ES2630808T3/en active Active
- 2015-05-05 EP EP15166357.2A patent/EP2947398B1/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL2947398T3 (en) | 2017-07-31 |
| FR3021397A1 (en) | 2015-11-27 |
| EP2947398A1 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| FR3021397B1 (en) | 2016-06-10 |
| PT2947398T (en) | 2017-06-02 |
| EP2947398B1 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
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