ES2593262B1 - Procedure for decreasing water absorption in aggregates - Google Patents

Procedure for decreasing water absorption in aggregates Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2593262B1
ES2593262B1 ES201530797A ES201530797A ES2593262B1 ES 2593262 B1 ES2593262 B1 ES 2593262B1 ES 201530797 A ES201530797 A ES 201530797A ES 201530797 A ES201530797 A ES 201530797A ES 2593262 B1 ES2593262 B1 ES 2593262B1
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Prior art keywords
aggregate
aggregates
procedure
water
water absorption
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Withdrawn - After Issue
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ES201530797A
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Spanish (es)
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ES2593262A1 (en
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Modest PRENAFETA PASTOR
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Sofeskal S L
Sofeskal SL
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Sofeskal S L
Sofeskal SL
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/08Fats; Fatty oils; Ester type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Abstract

Procedimiento para la disminución de la absorción de agua en áridos aplicado a la fabricación de morteros y hormigones destinados a la construcción de edificios y obras de ingeniería, consistente en el tratamiento realizado directamente sobre áridos porosos de baja calidad o de procedencia reciclada, aplicando un aditivo líquido a base de oleato potásico mediante una ducha o espray que esparce uniformemente dicho producto sobre un árido extendido en una cinta transportadora con velocidad regulada.Procedure for the reduction of water absorption in aggregates applied to the manufacture of mortars and concrete intended for the construction of buildings and engineering works, consisting of the treatment carried out directly on porous aggregates of low quality or of recycled origin, applying an additive Liquid based on potassium oleate by means of a shower or spray that spreads said product evenly over an aggregate extended on a conveyor belt with regulated speed.

Description

Procedimiento para la disminución de la absorción de agua en áridos. Procedure for the decrease of water absorption in aggregates.

5 la presente invención se aplica a la fabricación de morteros y hormigones destinados a la construcción de edificios y obras de ingeniería. En el proceso de elaboración de dichos morteros se emplean actualmente diversos componentes sólidos, los cuales se mezclan en determinadas proporciones y se introducen en sacos para ser posteriormente ut ilizados en la obra añadiéndoles agua. los componentes principales de la mezcla son, en una proporción 5 The present invention applies to the manufacture of mortars and concrete intended for the construction of buildings and engineering works. Various solid components are currently used in the process of manufacturing these mortars, which are mixed in certain proportions and introduced into sacks to be subsequently used in the work by adding water. The main components of the mixture are, in a proportion

10 aproximada, de un 75%, árido; de un 20 a un 25%, cemento y cal; V, entre un O y un 5%, aditivos; finalmente, se añade un 10% de agua. El mortero se destina a la unión de ladrillos o baldosas, como material de revoco o enlucido de superficies, revestimiento de paredes y suelos, relleno o reparación de desperfectos. 10 approximate, 75%, arid; from 20 to 25%, cement and lime; V, between 0 and 5%, additives; finally, 10% water is added. The mortar is intended for joining bricks or tiles, as a plaster or surface plastering material, wall and floor covering, filling or damage repair.

15 Con independencia de su concreta aplicación, el árido es el componente principal del mortero, por lo que su estructura y características son muy importantes para la calidad del producto final. Hay distintos tipos de áridos con propiedades y porosidad diversas. Los áridos de procedencia silícica, debido a su estructura cristalina y menor porosidad, presentan una absorción de agua muy baja. Los áridos de procedencia calcárea, caliza, arcillas, etc., tienen una 15 Regardless of its specific application, aggregate is the main component of the mortar, so its structure and characteristics are very important for the quality of the final product. There are different types of aggregates with diverse properties and porosity. The aggregates of silicic origin, due to their crystalline structure and lower porosity, have a very low water absorption. Aggregates of limestone, limestone, clays, etc., have a

20 porosidad más alta. Otro tipo de áridos, de origen artificial, generalmente subproductos de procesos industriales como desechos de explotaciones mineras, escorias, o procedentes del machaqueo y clasificación de productos de demolición y del reciclado de construcciones antiguas, también tienen altos índices de absorción del agua. 20 highest porosity. Other types of aggregates, of artificial origin, generally by-products of industrial processes such as waste from mining, slag, or from the crushing and classification of demolition products and the recycling of old buildings, also have high rates of water absorption.

25 Una alta absorción del árido obliga a la adición de una mayor cantidad de agua cuando se elabora la masa, lo cual supone un fraguado más lento, así como una pérdida de resistencia del material y una disminución de la impermeabilidad. Por otro lado, una mayor porosidad hace que los diferentes aditivos que se introducen en la composición sean absorbidos por el árido y, al no disolverse correctamente en la masa, pierdan su eficacia, con lo cual, el mortero no adquiere 25 High aggregate absorption forces the addition of a greater amount of water when the dough is made, which means a slower setting, as well as a loss of resistance of the material and a decrease in impermeability. On the other hand, a greater porosity causes the different additives that are introduced into the composition to be absorbed by the aggregate and, when not dissolved properly in the dough, lose their effectiveness, whereby the mortar does not acquire

30 la consistencia, densidad, elasticidad y adherencia adecuadas. 30 consistent consistency, density, elasticity and adhesion.

Debido a que los áridos silícicos tienen una absorción de agua muy baja, son muy apreciados en la construcción . Sin embargo este tipo de áridos se extrae de yacimientos f luviales y marinos, lo cual supone un grave problema, debido al deterioro que sufren playas y ríos, y a la Because silicic aggregates have a very low water absorption, they are highly appreciated in construction. However, this type of aggregates is extracted from f luvial and marine deposits, which is a serious problem, due to the deterioration suffered by beaches and rivers, and the

35 agresión constante a la que se somete a la naturaleza. La utilización de áridos no silícicos, de 35 constant aggression to which one submits to nature. The use of non-silicic aggregates, of

menor calidad, obliga a tratar el mortero con aceites, siliconas o geles de sílice que se aplican sobre el mortero, mediante la inmersión o mezcla física de todos los componentes que forman la lower quality, forces to treat the mortar with oils, silicones or silica gels that are applied on the mortar, by immersion or physical mixing of all the components that form the

masa del mortero, lo cual crea una película homogénea que impide la correcta humectación, por lo que el producto final no adquiere la consistencia, plasticidad y uniformidad adecuadas. mortar mass, which creates a homogeneous film that prevents proper wetting, so that the final product does not acquire adequate consistency, plasticity and uniformity.

5 la patente en cuestión consiste en un procedimiento mejorado de tratamiento de áridos 5 the patent in question consists of an improved aggregate treatment procedure

porosos o de baja calidad que disminuye la absorción de agua y la mantiene dentro de los límites porous or poor quality that decreases water absorption and keeps it within limits

adecuados que requiere su uso, mediante la aplicación de un ester del ácido aleieo en forma de suitable that its use requires, by applying an alloy of aleieo acid in the form of

ducha o rociado de espray que se deja caer directamente sobre el árido antes de realizar shower or spray spray that is dropped directly onto the aggregate before performing

10 cualquier operación de mezclado del mismo con los otros componentes o aditivos que formarán el mortero. Así como los tratamientos actuales se realizan juntando todos los componentes y aditivos en el mismo momento que se ejecuta la operación de mezclado con máquinas mezcladoras, el procedimiento patentado se realiza tratando cada tipo de árido por separado mediante una sencilla instalación en el propio yacimiento o en el lugar de reciclado y 10 any mixing operation thereof with the other components or additives that will form the mortar. Just as the current treatments are carried out by bringing together all the components and additives at the same time that the mixing operation is performed with mixing machines, the patented procedure is performed by treating each type of aggregate separately by means of a simple installation in the reservoir itself or in the recycling place and

15 almacenamiento de los áridos artificiales, empleando medios como una cinta transportadora, un contendor, una bomba y un aspersor que rocía el árido en cuestión con un aditivo líquido a su paso por la cinta transportadora. 15 storage of artificial aggregates, using means such as a conveyor belt, a container, a pump and a sprinkler that sprays the aggregate in question with a liquid additive as it passes through the conveyor belt.

El procedimiento es inmediato, se realiza sobre el árido directamente, lo cual facilita su The procedure is immediate, it is performed on the aggregate directly, which facilitates its

20 aplicación, mejora la eficacia del producto y simplifica la obtención final del mortero. El rociado uniforme del producto sobre el árido permite una óptima impregnación del árido, cuyos poros absorben el producto en la proporción adecuada, reduciendo, de este modo, la absorción del agua entre un 30% y un 50%, según el tipo de árido de que se trate, independientemente de los componentes que posteriormente se puedan añadir a la mezcla. 20 application, improves the effectiveness of the product and simplifies the final obtaining of the mortar. The uniform spraying of the product on the aggregate allows an optimum impregnation of the aggregate, whose pores absorb the product in the appropriate proportion, thus reducing water absorption between 30% and 50%, depending on the type of aggregate concerned, regardless of the components that can subsequently be added to the mixture.

Dibujo y exposiciÓn detallada de un modo de realizaciÓn de la invenciÓn Drawing and detailed exposition of an embodiment of the invention

Para una mejor comprensión de cuanto antecede, a continuación se reproduce y explica un dibujo que representa un ejemplo ilustrativo y no limitativo de realización de la patente . For a better understanding of the foregoing, a drawing that represents an illustrative and non-limiting example of patent realization is reproduced and explained below.

30 El dibujo consta de una sola figura que muest ra esquemáticamente el proceso, en el cual se destaca una cinta transportadora mecánica (1), sobre la cual se extiende en cantidades regulares el árido (2) que se va desplazando a lo largo de la cinta, y, sobre ella, está situada un espray o difusor (3) conectado a un contenedor (4), en el cual se ha depositado un ester del 30 The drawing consists of a single figure that schematically shows the process, in which a mechanical conveyor belt (1) stands out, on which the aggregate (2) that moves along the length of the surface is extended in regular quantities. tape, and, on it, a spray or diffuser (3) connected to a container (4) is placed, in which an ester of the

35 ácido oleico, concretamente oleato potásico, (18' K, en disolución con agua en proporción aproximada de un 10% (ester) y 90% (agua), el cual es impulsado mediante una bomba eléctrica (5), que dispone de un variador de frecuencia para la adapt ación de la dosificación requerida, la cual se estima en una proporción de 5 a 10 litros por tonelada de árido, obteniéndose con ello una reducción de absorción de agua situada entre un 30% y un 50%, aunque se puede ajustar a 35 oleic acid, specifically potassium oleate, (18 'K, in solution with water in an approximate proportion of 10% (ester) and 90% (water), which is driven by an electric pump (5), which has a frequency inverter for the adaptation of the required dosage, which is estimated at a ratio of 5 to 10 liters per ton of aggregate, thereby obtaining a reduction of water absorption between 30% and 50%, although can adjust to

las necesidades concretas del destino final de cada árido modificando dicha dosificación. the specific needs of the final destination of each aggregate by modifying said dosage.

Claims (2)

REIVINDICACIONES 1.-Procedimiento para la disminución de la absorción de agua en áridos aplicado a la fabricación de morteros y hormigones destinados a la construcción de edificios y obras de 5 ingeniería, consistente en un tratamiento de áridos porosos de baja calidad o de procedencia reciclada, que se lleva a cabo, previamente a cualquier operación de mezclado con otros 1.-Procedure for the reduction of the absorption of water in aggregates applied to the manufacture of mortars and concretes destined to the construction of buildings and works of engineering, consisting of a treatment of porous aggregates of low quality or of recycled origin, which is carried out, prior to any mixing operation with others componentes del mortero, aplicando directamente sobre el árido un aditivo líquido a base de Mortar components, directly applying a liquid additive based on the aggregate oleato potásico, C18' K, en disolución con agua en una proporción aproximada de un 10% (ester) y 90% (agua), mediante un espray o difusor que esparce uniformemente dicho producto sobre 10 el árido previamente extendido en una cinta transportadora que avanza con velocidad regulada, en una proporción de 5 a 10 litros de aditivo por tonelada de árido. potassium oleate, C18 'K, in solution with water in an approximate proportion of 10% (ester) and 90% (water), by means of a spray or diffuser that spreads said product evenly over the aggregate previously spread on a conveyor belt that advances with regulated speed, in a proportion of 5 to 10 liters of additive per ton of aggregate. 2.-Procedimiento para la disminución de la absorción de agua en áridos aplicado a la fabricación de morteros y hormigones destinados a la construcción de edificios y obras de 2.-Procedure for the reduction of water absorption in aggregates applied to the manufacture of mortars and concrete intended for the construction of buildings and works of 15 ingeniería según la reivindicación primera, caracterizado porque el aditivo líquido está colocado en un contenedor y es impulsado hacia el espray o difusor mediante una bomba eléctrica con variador de frecuencia, que permite adaptar la dosificación del aditivo a las características de cada árido y a la aplicación final de mismo. Engineering according to the first claim, characterized in that the liquid additive is placed in a container and is propelled towards the spray or diffuser by means of an electric pump with frequency converter, which allows the dosage of the additive to be adapted to the characteristics of each aggregate and to the application end of it.
ES201530797A 2015-06-05 2015-06-05 Procedure for decreasing water absorption in aggregates Withdrawn - After Issue ES2593262B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201530797A ES2593262B1 (en) 2015-06-05 2015-06-05 Procedure for decreasing water absorption in aggregates

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ES2593262B1 true ES2593262B1 (en) 2017-06-13

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5262240A (en) * 1992-07-06 1993-11-16 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Aggregate treatment
WO2001060941A1 (en) * 1998-08-05 2001-08-23 Cargill, Incorporated Disposable water resistant foamed concrete cover for bulk salt
US8747550B1 (en) * 2011-11-30 2014-06-10 Acm Chemistries, Inc. Water-repellent admixtures for cementitious materials
US9267063B2 (en) * 2012-11-19 2016-02-23 Benetech, Inc. Dust suppression formulas using plasticized cellulose ethers

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