ES2568614T3 - Nozzle adjustment assistant for a liquid spray nozzle, method to improve the spray and the use of the installation of the elements treated in it - Google Patents

Abstract

Nozzle adjustment assistant (A) for a nozzle (B) sprayed with liquids to verify, position or / and adjust at least one nozzle (B) for spraying in surface technique installations, characterized in that the assistant ( A) Nozzle adjustment features a nozzle adapter (F) and at least two light sources (H, M) positioned and oriented with a sharp concentration or / and lightning focus, with the help of which at least two can be generated light rays (J, P) approximately along the central line (D) of the nozzle or / and approximately along a line (marginal margin of the theoretical spray zone (C) or approximately along of at least two marginal lines (R) preferably facing each other, which essentially must indicate the position and size of the theoretical spray zone (C), which can be visualized in luminous points of the surface of the element, in pendants, in mechanisms of transport o / y in p installation sites, because the angle formed by the light rays (J, P) corresponds approximately to the angle (N, O) of the average or full theoretical spray and why the light rays (J, P) are placed in less an essentially centro-symmetric section through the theoretical spray zone (C).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Nozzle adjustment assistant for a spray nozzle of Kquidos, method to improve the spray and the use of the installation of the elements treated in it

The invention relates to a nozzle adjustment assistant for a liquid spray nozzle for the purpose of verifying, positioning and / or adjusting a spray nozzle, especially as regards the direction of spray or / and the spray angle , and a method to improve spraying in an installation of surface technology as well as the use of an installation of surface technique with improved nozzles and the use of the elements treated in said installation.

See document GB 2 431 344 as the next state of the art.

When spraying, a liquid jet is directed through a spray nozzle towards an element to be sprayed to: a) wet it as evenly and completely as possible with the liquid or / and b) wet it with the liquid only in a certain part, this Last, especially in the case of elements of different materials or components. The liquid jet can be widened in the form of a fan, focus more strongly or / and be a spray mist.

Spraying can also be called sprayed. Usually, the word "spray ..." is used in this application instead of "spray ...", although both concepts must have the same meaning within the meaning of this application. In any case, these are not some common concepts, such as "spray ring" to "spray ring".

Spraying is used in surface technology especially when cleaning, degreasing, deoxidating, stripping, washing with water, with an aqueous solution or / and with a liquid containing an organic solvent; in spraying with aqueous conversion compounds, anticorrosive solutions, passivation solutions, primers, lacquers, insulators, sealing materials, glues or / and liquids containing their partial components.

As spraying installations, the following installations are used in the surface technique, in particular, the following: installations of cameras, installations of public cameras as well as, for example, installations of reversible public cameras with continuous conveyor chains alternately forward and backward, permanent installations such as tunnel installations or / and immersion spray installations. In an immersion spray installation, the elements to be treated are sprayed in at least one section of the installation and immersed in at least one other section of the installation.

The various spray devices are often arranged in spray nozzle assemblies such as nozzle crowns, spray alignments or / and spray rings. As spray devices, nozzles of different construction shapes, different construction sizes or / and different compression zones are especially possible. As nozzles, especially flat jet nozzles, spoon nozzles or / and tongue nozzles are used, for example, as special forms of flat jet nozzles, powerful jet nozzles, hollow conical nozzles or / and powerful conical nozzles. Powerful conical nozzles can essentially produce substantially circular or substantially rectangular forms of sprays. Flat jet nozzles essentially produce rectangular spray shapes with very different dimensions depending on the direction. The nozzles are often made of plastic according to the conditions of use, for example, based on polyethylene or / and stainless steel. The nozzles must be selected or / and adjusted, if necessary, a suitable adapter for each nozzle.

It is especially necessary in the case of flat jet nozzles, hollow conical nozzles or / and powerful conical nozzles, to perform as precise a jet orientation of the flat jet or of the spray cone or / and an angular adjustment as precise as possible . In addition, it is also necessary to control the orientation of the jet and the sufficient coverage of the element to be sprayed with the spray zone. This can be done both by replacing a nozzle, in case of renewed fixation or / and of a renewed adjustment, for example, after a nozzle cleaning.

In the verification or / and adjustment of a nozzle, it is necessary the majority of the times to stop the installation, let all the aerosols and mists of the installation escape, and let the installation and its atmosphere cool, before the interior can be accessed of the installation, if necessary with rubber suit, respiratory protection and goggles. This comes to last according to the installation frequently from 0.5 to 2 hours. Until now, the nozzles have been adjusted approximately without auxiliary means, for example, in a cleaning or in a replacement of nozzles. A fine adjustment is not usual. A control of the adjustment or / and an optimization of the adjustment of nozzles is carried out, in particular, as regards the direction of spraying, sufficient soaking of the entire surface of the element to be sprayed and, if necessary, sufficient overlap of the area sprayed with the spray zone of a neighboring nozzle. A control of the adjustment of each nozzle is only possible visually approximately and also takes place, if necessary, with a short connection of the spray pumps and with a short spray of the elements to be treated. When there are several sets of spray nozzles such as, for example, nozzle crowns, spray alignments or / and spray rings closely attached one after the other, they can only be estimated visually halfway, usually, in that case, from the sides of the installation. first and last sets of spray nozzles, but not sets

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of intercalated spray nozzles, if no more time is expected. In the event that the nozzles of the first or / and of the last sets of spray nozzles have been insufficiently or erroneously adjusted, the installation must be stopped again and must be verified or / and adjusted again at least one of the nozzles. In that case, it is not always expected sufficiently under the pressure of time, until the installation is in an appropriate state to be able to access and evaluate it by the specialist, since it has been observed eventually that, under given circumstances, the facilities prematurely, which can be risky by labor legislation and, if necessary, also for the results of the estimate.

In each nozzle cleaning and in each nozzle replacement, it is necessary to place and orient a nozzle correctly. In that case, a nozzle can be moved in the direction of lateral spraying or / and vertically, or / and turned laterally or / and vertically, or / and, if necessary, remove or add it. In addition, spray nozzle assemblies may / may also be displaced such as, for example, nozzle crowns, spray alignments or / and spray rings in the spray direction, move laterally or / and vertically, or / and turn laterally or / and vertically or / and, if necessary, removed or / and added.

Spray nozzles are used, especially, in the following process stages of surface technology: when cleaning, degreasing, deoxidating, stripping, washing with water, with an aqueous solution such as, for example, with a so-called rinse solution or sealing liquid or with a liquid containing an organic solvent; when spraying with liquids, which contain aqueous conversion compounds, anticorrosive solutions, passivating solutions, primers, lacquers, insulators, sealing materials or / and glues, especially metal surfaces, but also when cleaning, degreasing, washing with water, with an aqueous solution such as, for example, with a so-called rinse solution or sealing liquid or with a liquid container of an organic solvent, when spraying antistatic compounds, mineralization liquids, passivation solutions, primers, lacquers, insulators, sealants or / and liquids containing glue, especially plastic surfaces.

Problems or / and worse treatments appear, especially when an incomplete coating of the surface of the element with the spray zones takes place, for example, so that the spray liquid cannot wet the entire surface of the element. O / and when, for example, only certain parts of the surface of the element must be sprayed, for example, in some applications, especially with insulating material, sealing material or / and glue so that it can take place, in case of improper adjustment of the nozzles, the element becomes dirty in undesired places and, if necessary, can no longer be repainted, although it should also be overlaid there. In this case, it can be given, in particular, with a sealing material to rough unwanted surfaces. In addition, in general, all liquids can lead to unnecessary consumption of liquid or / and an unnecessarily high number of nozzles or / and nozzle assemblies in an installation.

For example, in the case of alkaline cleaning of a welded car body, a good cleaning can occur differently, especially of liquid, pasty or / and dry impurities such as, for example, cooling lubricants, pressure oils, other auxiliary process means, metal wear or / and dusts, when the bodywork is not sprayed to the same extent on all sides with the cleaning liquid or / and the spray liquid cannot act substantially as energetically on all sides. Then it can happen that parts of the cleaned body are still slightly dirty and that the subsequent conversion coating is not wet and evenly and completely coated everywhere. In the treatment of bodybuilders, a tunnel is used today, which includes cleaning, washing with water or with an aqueous solution, if necessary, acid pickling and then, washing with water or with an aqueous solution, pretreatment with a conversion coating compound, for example, based on zinc phosphate or silane based, washing with water or with aqueous solution or / and, if necessary, also other treatment steps. All these treatments can be done basically with spraying, using the spray more frequently than a dive or as a spray dive, in which it is partially sprayed and partially submerged in an installation. In many installations, from 1000 to 4500 nozzles are used per installation. When at least one of these process steps a wrong or bad nozzle adjustment is made, only a defective product can be avoided, when working for an unnecessarily long time or / and with an unnecessary amount of nozzles by itself or / and in a treatment liquid per body. Then the process gives rise either to a certain number of defective bodies, which have to be touched up individually expensively and the majority of times by hand or / and an unnecessarily long time rhythm, to a multiplicity of spray nozzles, nozzle assemblies from spraying or / and unnecessary partial process steps by themselves, to a really unnecessary overuse of treatment liquids (s) or / and in a really unnecessary volume of circulating water, evacuated water and dirty process liquid (s) . In this case, the greatest expense is usually the cost of subsequent machining, for example, by grinding the defective body parts after the coating, especially with a cathode immersion paint or / and after the coating, in particular, with a cathode immersion paint or powder paint and at least one additional paint. In unfavorable production situations, more than one third or rarely more than two thirds of the painted carriages can present, in each case, at least one place to be further machined. In that case, they especially disturb the marks, that is to say, superficial irregularities, that are obvious when observing the painting, such as orange peel, gutters or / and the mapping, or / and in rare cases the detachment of insulation, sealing or / and glue materials, for example, from the interior space of the body or / and the components added by the insulation, sealing or / and bonding. The marks may be a consequence of an irregular conversion coating or / and a partially non-existent or insufficient conversion layer, for example, due to insufficient

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adhesion on metal surfaces insufficiently cleaned. These can occur in approximately one to more than twenty places per body. They must be further machined then in those places. A part of the carcasses to be machined later, when the carpentry is ground to the bare metal, it is taken back to the continuous tunnel and, for example, by cleaning stages, if necessary, pickling, is then conducted and dried to the pretreatment with a conversion compound and some washing steps. In case the subsequent machining expense is too high, in all special cases the entire defective body is taken to the scrap metal.

For example, in the manufacture of aluminum wheels for use in car construction, paint occlusions, insufficient corrosion protection as recognized in a scratch test and subsequent saline spray test, at insufficient adhesion can occur. of paint as can be recognized in a reticular cutting test or / and discoloration. They appear, especially when the alkaline cleaning solution or / and the acid pickling solution does not occur or act sufficiently uniformly on the surface of the wheels. For the treatment of wheels from an aluminum alloy, the following process sequence is frequently used, especially in a treatment tunnel. First, alkaline cleaning of the wheels mayona of the times just treated mechanically, washing with water or / and aqueous solution, pickling with an aqueous acid pickling solution, washing with water or with an aqueous solution, conversion coating with an aqueous conversion compound, washed with water or / and with an aqueous solution, if necessary, conversion coating with a second aqueous conversion compound of another type and again washed with water or / and with an aqueous solution, dried, for example, in a contact moisture dryer and at least once painted, for example, with powder paint, with water-based paint or / and solvent and subsequent drying or / and oven drying. When the paint adhesion is insufficient, the coated wheels must detach from the paint in a solution the sometimes alkaline mayone of a paint extractor and again undergo the entire treatment process. In the case of occlusions of metal wear and / or dust, the coated wheels are hand-rectified and again subjected to the complete treatment process. Therefore, the possible theoretical capacity of the treatment facility can be clearly reduced, for example, by up to 25%.

In this case, defects such as, for example, discolorations, especially on glossy surfaces, may occur and give rise to similar or equal types of treatment or / and the treatment sequence.

These problems temporarily or permanently lead to touch-ups in subsequent mechanization or / and repeated treatment, where there is hardly an installation that works more than half a year absolutely without failures.

The applicant does not know of any nozzle adjustment assistant, offered to avoid failures in surface technology. Rather, there has been a demand for many years to be able to verify and optimally adjust the nozzles in a simple way in their adjustment and operation.

The nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention can be used basically for all types of nozzles and nozzle assemblies in all genres of cameras, dical cameras and tunnels installations. For this, two, at least four, at least six, or at least eight nozzle adjustment assistants are advantageously used simultaneously to work properly, comfortably or / and economically saving time. Well, with the simultaneous use of several nozzle adjustment assistants, you can work much more rationally and you can control the overlap zones better and more easily.

The nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention can also be used in existing installations to select the correct nozzle angle, taking into account the distance from the nozzle hole to the surface of the element. If, for example, the size of the element to be subjected to the action should be modified, the mounting angle, the orientation or / and the position of the nozzle must also be adapted, if necessary, or / and another appropriate nozzle selected. Since the coating zone = actual spray zone varies with the distance of the nozzle from the surface of the element, such verification, modification or / and adjustment with at least one nozzle adjustment assistant is easily possible.

In the case of reduced pressures, the spray jet may fall slightly as a result of the force of gravity and the air passing through, so that the actual spray zone may be smaller or / and, for example, displaced downwards compared to the theoretical spray zone. The theoretical spray zone is predetermined especially by the constructive shape of the nozzle, the position and orientation of the nozzle. The standard data for the different nozzles are normally tabulated. The difference between theoretical and real spray zones may not be given frequent attention when working with a sufficient overlap of the neighboring nozzles. When an area larger than that achievable only with a nozzle must be covered, at least two nozzles are used in such a way that their actual spray zones overlap at least somewhat.

There was therefore the problem of proposing auxiliary means and method, which made possible a better or more precise control and adjustment of the nozzles and the spray conditions. They can temporarily or lastingly help to reduce the proportion of failures and, thereby, lead to savings in liquid, waste, manual treatment or / and repeated treatments. Such auxiliary means or methods should be as simple and robust as possible,

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sufficiently accurate and able to be installed with the least possible time. For a longer time use can mean a fall in production.

It is currently found that it is good, sufficiently precise and simply possible to optimize the spray zone of the spray nozzles with a nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention, which is provided with at least two laser pointers or at least two others. light sources, which emit light forming a measured or focused beam. Laser pointers have, in this case, the advantage that they can penetrate well, unlike other light sources, also aerosols and fogging. With this, the spray nozzles can be adjusted, for example, in a pretreatment installation, in a sufficiently precise manner on the elements to be sprayed, for example, bodywork. It is advantageous that an assistant could be proposed that was not too large or too heavy to be used by such a facility and that could withstand the harsh working conditions.

It is currently found that, with a nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention, approximately one third and sometimes even approximately half of the service time can be saved in many installations and application cases including verification and adjustment of the nozzles. It is also currently found that in some facilities approximately 10% of the nozzles can be saved. It was also found that a considerable proportion of circuit water, waste water and process liquids can be saved. Therefore, due to better control possibilities and adjustment of the nozzles, considerable savings and improvement can result. With this, pre-spraying and over-spraying can now be minimized or even completely avoided.

The problem is solved with a nozzle adjustment assistant A for a liquid spray nozzle B to verify, position or / and adjust at least one nozzle B for spraying in surface technique installations, characterized in that the Nozzle adjustment assistant A has a nozzle adapter F and at least two light sources H o / y M oriented with a measured beam or / and with focus, with the help of which at least two J rays can be generated and / or P luminous approximately along the central line D of the nozzle or / and at least along a marginal line R of the edge of the theoretical spray zone C or / and approximately along at least two lines R marginal, which are preferably facing each other, which must basically mean the position and size of the theoretical spray zone C, which can be observed at luminous points on the surface of the element, in pendants, in transport mechanisms or / and in walls of the i installation; because the angle formed by the luminous J or / and P rays corresponds approximately to half or to the entire angle N, O of theoretical spray; and because the luminous J or / and P rays are placed in at least one essentially central section through the theoretical spray zone C. The central luminous J, P rays, the central line D of the nozzle and the marginal R lines are preferably cut at approximately one point on an axis, which runs perpendicularly through the central Z point. The specular G plane is also cut with at least about said axis.

With the at least two light sources H, M, at least two light rays J, P and at least two light spots can be generated on the surfaces facing the nozzle, which represent at least one marginal R line or at least one marginal point at the edge of the theoretical spray zone C and, if necessary, also the central line D of the nozzle in a flat section and, if necessary, substantially centersimetric through the spray zone C Theoretical

The central axis D of the nozzle generally indicates the direction or / and the zone of the highest spray pressure. However, a downward spray pressure often has no influence on the quality of the treatment. It depends, above all, on the uniform wetting with the respective liquid and on a sufficient wetting duration. Therefore, well-wetted surfaces of the element are usually sufficient, in which the spray nozzles are optimally adjusted and in which neighboring sprayed areas C overlap something to make possible a uniform treatment over the entire surface of the wetted object.

In many embodiments, it is sufficient to generate with two light sources of the second genus M and M two light rays P and P basically in a plane through the central line D of the nozzle, for example, left or right of the It shows the central D of the nozzle, which allows two luminous points to be seen on a surface facing the nozzle, which represent at least approximately the marginal points of the theoretical spray zone C in a flat and basically centrally sectioned section through the zone C of theoretical spray. If necessary, a light source of the first genus H is additionally used for the approximate representation of the central line D of the nozzle with a luminous ray J.

The smaller the light source adapter and the light sources, the more light source adapters and light sources can be fixed simultaneously on a nozzle adjustment assistant A and thus more total angles O of different sizes can be illuminated and, with it, C zones of spraying of various sizes, for example, alternating with luminous P rays. In different embodiments of the nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention, the light source adapters with the light sources are preferably so small that more than two of them can be fixed respectively on the base plate E of the nozzle adjustment assistant. The set-up assistant can then comprise together with the base plate E and the nozzle adapter F together 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 light source adapters with light sources, which are either just sources luminaires of the second genre M or which are a light source of the first genre H and several light sources of the second genus M. In that case, the adapters of light sources and

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the light sources of the second genus M are preferably arranged in pairs to represent various total angles O and, if necessary, the central line D of the nozzle.

With the nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention, the light source adapters with the light sources of the second genre M are preferably arranged in pairs to be able to illuminate various total angles O without assembly work. In several preferred embodiments, the light source adapters of the light sources H, M, can be fixed approximately symmetrically with respect to a plane around the central line D of the nozzle, the plane G specular or / and the central light ray J of the light source of the first genus H.

Preferably, the light source adapters of the light sources H, M are mounted, positioned and oriented with certain angular adjustments by means of conventional construction auxiliary means such as, for example, threads, nuts, screws or / and by positioning aids such as, for for example, large recesses, perforations, fixing pins, notches, grooves or / and interlocking points on a base plate E.

In several preferred embodiments, the light source adapters of the light sources H, M can be fixed basically symmetrically with respect to a plane around the central line D of the nozzle, the plane G specular or / and the central light ray J of the light source of the first genus H.

In preferred embodiments, the light source adapters of the light sources H, M can be fixed by at least a first coaxial recess of the base plate E compared to the coaxial arrangement of perforations, positioning aids, aids for the angular orientation or / and at least a second recess in the base plate E to be able to adjust the light sources H, M as continuously as possible in angles N, O of various sizes, where the axis for the coaxial means runs substantially perpendicular to the base plate E, through the central Z point or / and in the specular G plane.

Alternatively or additionally, it is possible that in at least one of the light source adapters a fixed support is installed / installed to perform an angular adjustment and an exact orientation, as long as the end of the supported support is fixed / fixed in the central place of the nozzle adapter F or / and of the nozzle B at the cut-off point of all angles N, M, which preferably coincide with the central point Z.

The invention is explained by way of example by the following drawing:

Figure 1 shows by way of example a nozzle adjustment assistant, which together with the base plate E and the light source adapter F together comprise 2 light source MA adapters with two light sources of the second genus M. The HA adapters of light sources with a light source of the first genre H and other details have not been represented. The light sources are in this case preferably laser pointers. The light sources can be fixed, for example, by bayonet locks, wing nuts, wing screws or / and tensioning rings. The positioning and orientation of the light source adapters and, therefore, of the light sources is also carried out, in this case, preferably by means of perforations, fixing pins and recesses, in which the fixing pins can be interlocked. From the left, a nozzle may not be inserted and fixed to the housing hole not shown of the nozzle adapter F conveniently made.

List of reference signs:

A Nozzle adjustment assistant

B Nozzle as a liquid spray nozzle

C Spray zone

D Central nozzle nozzle

E Motherboard

F Nozzle adapter

G Mirror plane

H First gen light source

I Height of the center light beam J of a light source on the base plate E

J Central light ray of the light source of the first genre H or the second genre M

K Height of the center line D of the nozzle on the base plate E

L Plate plate E base

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M Second gen of the light source

HA and MA Light source adapters

N Half Angle

O Full angle

P Central light beam of a light source of the second genre M

Q Structure perpendicular to the base plate E with at least one other light source MA adapter

R Marginal line of the edge of the theoretical spray zone C

Z Center point

An especially preferred embodiment of the nozzle adjustment assistant is shown below as shown by way of example in a variant embodiment in Figure 1.

The nozzle adjustment assistant A has preferably been made and fixed to the respective nozzle B to verify or / and adjust the nozzle B so as to conform to a substantially centrally sized arrangement for the light J or / and P rays of the sources H and M or H and H or M and M and H of the assistant A for the adjustment of nozzles, which coincides at least approximately with the substantially centrally arranged arrangement of the nozzle B and the spray zone C with the central line D of the nozzle. It is based on the fact that the central line D of the nozzle generally represents the central line of the spray zone C, which should also be largely correct in the rigorous practice with geometrically correct and clean nozzles. The flat base plate E, which can be made, for example, from a sheet or a plastic plate, preferably has an approximately specular symmetrical basic shape. On the one hand, a nozzle adapter F for a nozzle B can be fixed or fixed in a conventional manner. To this end, the nozzle B is inserted and fixed in a housing hole not shown in detail of the nozzle adapter F. The nozzle adapter F is preferably made so that it is suitable for connection with at least one particular nozzle B. The nozzle adapter F is prepared so that it is centrally installed in the specular G plane of the adjustment adjustment wizard A nozzles, where the specular plane G is preferably perpendicular to the plane of the base plate E and preferably also coincides at least approximately with the central line D of the nozzle and in additional speech also with the central luminous ray J of the light source of the first genus H. The nozzle adapter F can be adapted / discretionally adapted to the type, size and shape of the nozzle. If necessary, it can be carried out in such a way that it has a quick fastening mechanism or another fast service fixing mechanism for the nozzle fixation. If necessary, a light source of the first genus can be fixed / fixed in the mirror plane G and in the direction of the central line D of the nozzle on the base plate E. The adapter F of nozzles as well as the adapters HA or / and MA of light sources, which fix the light sources of the first genus H or / and of the second genus M on the base plate E in its position and its angle with respect to the line D center of the nozzle, preferably they are not part of a piece with the base plate, so that an exchange of nozzle adapters F can take place according to the constructive form of the nozzle B to be checked or / and adjusted, so that they can be move the light source adapters with the light sources, for example, to form the half-angle N of different size or / and the full angle O, where the latter must approximately characterize the spray zone C. The nozzle adapter F and the light source adapter can be made, for example, of metal or plastic and made of blocks. As light sources, commercial elements or / and own constructions can be used, preferably those that have the smallest dimensions and that can be operated with batteries or accumulators to work without electricity. Each light source adapter is appropriately constructed so that it can receive a light source, for example, by an appropriate housing hole, in which the light source can then be oriented and fixed. As a light source, anyone who emits light in a beam or focused in suitable constructive shape and size, such as a small laser pointer, is basically suitable. The adapter F of nozzles and, if necessary, also the adapters of light sources are preferably not fixed durably, but, for example by means of gluing, welding or / and mechanical fixing techniques simple and easily releasable and simple to fix by means conventional construction such as threads, nuts or / and screws or / and installation aids such as, for example, cranes, recesses, perforations, fixing pins, notches, grooves or / and interlocking positions, for example, to accommodate the protruding parts of the fixing pins, which allow the positioning and orientation of the adapter F of nozzles or / and the adapter of light sources if necessary. To position and orient the light source adapters and, consequently, the light sources can serve, for example, perforations or / and recesses for the protruding parts of the fixing pins, which, for example, allow to adjust and also use semiangles N or / and complete angles of different sizes easily. With suitable preparation, said perforations or / and recesses may be suitable for forming with the light source adapters and the light sources a half-angle N of, for example, 5 °, 10 °, 15 ° or 20 ° for some or all angles respectively higher at, for example, 5 °, 10 ° or 20 ° up to, for example, 60 ° or 80 °, which are limited by the light J and P rays. With

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suitable preparation, said perforations or / and recesses may be suitable to form with the light source adapters and the complete or angular angled sources of, for example, 10 ° or 20 ° for all or some major angles of, for example, respectively 5 °, 10 °, 15 ° or 20 ° up to, for example, 120 ° or 160 °, which are limited by luminous P and P rays.

Preferably, the light source adapter of one of each of the light sources H, M together with each light source is made and fixed in such a way that the height I of the central lightning J, P of each light source is substantially identical at the height K of the central line D of the nozzle on the base plate E. Preferably, all the central light J, P rays of the light sources and the central line D of the nozzle run in approximately one plane, which runs parallel or substantially parallel to the plane L of the base plate E and as much as possible through the central Z point. If necessary, at least one light source of the second genus M on the base plate E may be fixed / fixed at an angle defined laterally to the direction of the specular plane G. When more than one light source of the second genus M is fixed / fixed on the base plate E, said light sources are preferably fixed in pairs. In this case, it is preferred to select and adjust, in each case, at least one light source of the second genre M on the left and respectively at least one light source of the second genre M on the right of the central line D of the nozzle , of the specular G plane and of the central luminous ray J of the light source of the first genre H, with approximately equal half angle N to the left and right respectively.

In a first variant embodiment, two light sources of the second genre M are fixed to the left and right sideways to the central line of the nozzle. If necessary, a light source of the first genus H may also be additionally fixed / fixed. In a second embodiment, a light source H of the second genre is fixed / fixed together with a light source D of the first genre. Therefore, the N or / half triangles and the complete O angles are taken into account, which are preferably adjusted / adjusted according to the theoretical spray angle to values of, for example, a multiple of 5 ° or 10 °.

Special embodiments are, for example, the following:

1.) The nozzle adjustment assistant A includes, together with the base plate E and the nozzle adapter F in total 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 light source adapters with light sources, which Either they are only light sources of the second genre M or they are a single light source of the first genre H and at least one light source of the second genus M. The smaller the light source adapters and the light sources, the more light source adapters and light sources can be fixed simultaneously on a nozzle adjustment assistant A and so many more full angles OR of different sizes can be illuminated and therefore spray areas C of different sizes, for example, alternating or simultaneously with luminous P rays. Preferably only some of the many light sources M in operation are used in a work process. If all the complete angles O used in an installation with fixed M light sources are available, it is only potentially possible, if necessary, to change the adapter F of nozzles to adapt it to another nozzle. In the event that one of the fixed nozzle adapters F is the only one necessary for such installation, the change of the nozzle adapter F is also suppressed. In these cases, it may be worthwhile, if necessary, to fix several or all of the adapters F, HA, HM in the long run on the base plate E or to make them with one piece or two pieces.

2.) Exactly the same or similarly as in the preceding embodiments, several nozzle adapters with light sources together with the base plate E and the nozzle adapter F can also be used in this assistant A for adjusting nozzles. Especially in the case where intermediate angular values are needed or that the light source adapters with light sources, installed especially in pairs, must be adjusted in smaller numbers but simply and flexibly, it can be replaced, for example, by a longer recess provided coaxially around an axis perpendicularly to the base plate E and through the central Z point, which in comparison with the previous embodiments can replace a row of perforations, and if necessary by a second longer recess coaxially arranged, than in comparison With the previous embodiments, you can substitute a row of perforations or recesses or other aids to orient the angles such as notches, grooves, grains, interlocking positions etc. In this way, a simple, quick and flexible useable nozzle adjustment assistant A can be created. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible to install a fixed support in at least one of the light source adapters to perform an angular adjustment and an exact orientation, while the end of the chosen support is fixed / fixed in a central place of the adapter F of nozzles or / and of the nozzle B at the cut-off point of all angles N, M, which preferably coincides with the central point Z.

3.) The preceding embodiments of the nozzle adjustment assistant A have been remarkably accredited for the verification and adjustment of nozzles, when the spray zone C is substantially conical with approximately constant radial cross-sectional diameters or in a shape of transition between substantially conical to substantially pyramidal with approximately quadratic cross section. In a third special embodiment of the nozzle adjustment assistant A, which can be configured in the base mechanism exactly the same or similarly as the previous embodiments, all the essential elements of the variants of

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previous realization. In addition, it may be interesting, especially for the verification and adjustment of flat jet nozzles, to configure the nozzle adjustment assistant A such that it additionally presents at least one structure Q preferably perpendicular to the base plate E approximately in the plane of the G plane specularly or parallel to it, so that it is configured so that it has at least one light source adapter with a light source on the upper face or / and on the lower face of the base plate E. This structure Q may, if necessary, correspond basically or partially to the base plate E and its structures. In this case, the light source adapter with light sources of the first genus H may disappear if necessary, when the light source adapter with light source is used both on the upper face and on the lower face. In this case, it is preferred to install 4 to 20 light source adapters with light sources together. With this it is possible to indicate a spray zone C approximately with luminous rays or luminous points, which has very different longitudinal extensions in its two main directions.

For example, a single maintenance of a car coating installation with, for example, 10 to 14 baths with nozzles, where each bath has, for example, 20 to 40 floors of nozzles with, for example, 8 nozzles respectively, which is maintained, if necessary, one to four times monthly, can conventionally last for maintenance service with cleaning and verification, for example, one to two hours per bath and approximately 10 to 24 hours per installation without adjustment assistant of nozzles, when all the nozzles are changed, cleaned or / and adjusted grossly. Using at least two nozzle adjustment assistants according to the invention, said change or / and said nozzle adjustment may last from 6 to 16 hours. The use of at least two nozzle adjustment assistants according to the invention is useful to be able to monitor and optimize coatings of the spray zones. In comfortable service situations, two are preferably applied, for example four, for example six or for example eight nozzle adjustment assistants, to be able to control or / and maintain in the best possible way the entire set of spray nozzles with the lowest expense possible, so that the use of time before descends even more in comparison with the control or / and the adjustment with only two nozzle adjustment assistants. With a saving of, for example, 8 hours of maintenance time, the production of such an installation in about 80 to 120 vehicles can be increased in certain circumstances.

In addition, the nozzle adjustments, after the adjustment of the nozzles with the aid of the nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention, should not be further controlled or readjusted, but remain unchanged until the next maintenance. Therefore, not only a multiple advantage is achieved by lower maintenance times, but also by elimination of additional control and adjustment times, as well as by a better quality of spray and treatment clearly better.

With the regular use of nozzle adjustment assistants, it is also possible to clearly reduce the number of nozzles installed, the amount of process liquid (s) used, the amount of excess process liquid (s) according to the set of spray nozzles and their position (= pre-sprayed or / and over-sprayed) as, for example, with cleaning stages, pretreatment stages and washing stages, the unnecessary amount of process liquid and excess wastewater in the process, amount of waste and the volume of manual touch-up work and / or repeated treatments. In addition, loss of unnecessary production in the respective facilities is avoided due to lower maintenance work. The costs of personnel, materials and waste disposal are also reduced as a result. In many installations, it is possible to save even up to about 15% of the nozzles and, if necessary, also of the nozzle assemblies, since frequently too many nozzles are obviously installed, in case of doubt, which due to the defective adjustment develop a insufficient efficiency When there are several facilities built in the same way, it is sufficient to adjust the nozzles of the first installation optimally in detail with the nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention and transfer the experience acquired to the second installation.

The problem is also solved with a method to improve the spraying of a surface technique installation, which is characterized by the fact that to verify, position or / and adjust at least one liquid spray nozzle B of a surface technique installation , a nozzle adjustment assistant A according to at least one of the product claims is used.

The method according to the invention is characterized, in particular, by verifying, positioning or / and adjusting at least one nozzle B or / and at least one nozzle floor with at least one nozzle B, line D is improved center of the nozzle, the distance from the nozzle orifice to the surface of the element, the theoretical spray zone C, the actual spray area of the surfaces of the sprayed elements, the semi-angle N, which laterally departs from the central line D of the nozzle, the total angle O between at least two light rays J, P preferably facing or / and the overlap of the spray zone of a first nozzle with the spray zone of at least one other nozzle.

The problem is further solved using a surface technique installation with nozzles B or / and at least one nozzle floor with at least one nozzle B, which is adjusted / adjusted at least partially with the adjustment assistant A of nozzles.

The problem is finally solved with the coated elements and then treated further in a surface technique installation with nozzles B at least partially better adjusted or / and with products manufactured in the car construction according to the method claims characteristic of the method, such as elements

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Examples and comparative examples

A) Test in a tunnel pretreatment facility for passenger car bodies:

Prior to the optimization of the nozzle adjustment with a nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention in a tunnel pretreatment installation for bodybuilders, zinc phosphate layers could not be applied throughout the interior of the vehicle or especially in the ceiling area sufficiently closed, sufficiently uniform or uniformly thick, which results, due to the nozzles only grossly adjusted, to a reduced corrosion protection in that area and, therefore, to a serious quality defect exposed in approximately 30% of the vehicles .

After the optimization of already half of the nozzles with at least one nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention, the phosphate layers were almost always and almost everywhere closed and uniformly configured and presented in the previous problem areas layer weight clearly higher than before. Therefore, corrosion protection was clearly improved, for example, in the roof area, due to the optimized nozzle adjustment. The necessary quality of the corrosion protection was guaranteed in at least 95% of the vehicles or even in each vehicle without further work.

B) Test in a tunnel pretreatment facility for car body vans:

Due to a clearly wrong nozzle adjustment, when spraying rear gates of vehicles with a heavily inclined rear with respect to the roof in a tunnel pretreatment installation for car body vans, it turned out that the rear areas with misting nozzles with a wash water surfactants were incompletely wet. Due to this, said surface areas showed after coating with cathode immersion paint sensitive marks with paint tears, the so-called streams or / and mapping, that is, plastic marks similar to those of a plane, which all of them even after Application of the loading pigment and ceiling paint were clearly identifiable in lateral vision. Before the optimization of the nozzles with a nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention, marks could be found in one or several places of the vehicle in about 50% of all the vehicles, so that all such places should be treated costly by grinding and new coating, if necessary, with a pretreatment and several layers of paint.

Due to the optimal orientation of the fogging nozzles with at least one nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention, the marks produced with a tear of paint and the mapping, which were caused by said bad wetting with surfactant wash water could be substantially avoided . After the optimization of the spray nozzles with at least one nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention, the percentage of vehicles with places to grind due to marks on the vehicle was only 5%.

C) Installation of pretreatment in tunnel for aluminum wheels:

In the manufacture of lacquered aluminum wheels, due to a poor adjustment of the nozzles in a tunnel pretreatment installation, the so-called stelae in the screw holes in the water wash stage can be caused, because a strongly acidic liquid is stuck in the screw holes, which causes white discolorations and a strong pickling effect. In this case, it is caused by the effect of pickling on previously turned bright surfaces to striated or white-colored discolorations in the form of clouds, which cause the affected surfaces to be again turned bright, pretreated and lacquered only by that.

After the adjustment of the nozzles with the help of a nozzle adjustment assistant according to the invention, there have hardly been any such streaks, strong pickling effects, white discolorations and touch-up work in said installation.

Claims (13)

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Five fifty 1. - Assistant (A) for adjusting nozzles for a spray nozzle (B) with Kquidos to verify, position or / and adjust at least one nozzle (B) for spraying in surface technical installations, characterized in that the nozzle adjustment assistant (A) has a nozzle adapter (F) and at least two light sources (H, M) positioned and oriented with a measured concentration and / or lightning focus, with the help of which at least two light rays (J, P) can be generated approximately along the central line (D) of the nozzle or / and approximately along a line (marginal R of the edge of the area ( C) of theoretical spraying or approximately along at least two marginal lines (R) preferably facing each other, which must essentially indicate the position and size of the theoretical spray zone (C), which can be visualized at luminous points on the surface of the element, in pendants, in transport mechanisms or / and on the walls of the installation, because the angle formed by the luminous rays (J, P) corresponds approximately to the angle (N, O) of average or complete theoretical spray and because the luminous rays (J, P) are placed in at least one essentially centrally sized section through the theoretical spray zone (C). 2. - Nozzle adjustment assistant according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two light sources (H, M) can generate at least two light rays (J, P) and on the surfaces facing the nozzles at least two luminous points, which represent at least one marginal line (R) or at least one marginal point on the edge of the theoretical spray zone (C) and, if necessary, also the line (D) center of the nozzle in a flat and substantially metric section through the theoretical spray zone (C). 3. - Nozzle adjustment assistant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that with two light sources of the second genre (M and M) two rays (P and P) are generated substantially in a plane across the line ( D) central of the nozzle, which allow two luminous points to be visualized on a surface facing the nozzle, which represent the marginal points of the theoretical spray zone (C) in a flat section and, if necessary, substantially centersimetric through the theoretical spray zone (C), 4. - Nozzle adjustment assistant according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the light source adapters of the light sources (H, M) are applied, positioned and oriented in certain angular positions by means Conventional construction aids or / and by means of positioning aids in the base plate E. 5. - Nozzle adjustment assistant according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the light source adapters with the light sources are so small that more than two of them can be fixed simultaneously in each case on the base plate E of the nozzle adjustment assistant (A). 6. - Nozzle adjustment assistant according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the light source adapters with the light sources of the second genre (M) are arranged in pairs, 7. - Nozzle adjustment assistant according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the light source adapters of the light sources (H, M) are fixed symmetrically specularly around the line (D ) center of the nozzle, the specular plane (G) or / and the central light beam (J) of the light source of the first genre (H). 8. - Nozzle adjustment assistant according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the light source adapters of the light sources (H, M) are fixed by at least a first coaxial recess in the plate (E) base compared to the coaxial arrangement of perforations, positioning aids, aids for angular orientation or / and at least a second recess in the base plate (E), in order to adjust the light sources (H, M) as continuously as possible of the angles (N, O) of various sizes, where the axis for the coaxial means runs substantially perpendicular to the base plate (E), through the central Z point or / and in the plane (G ) speculate. 9. - Nozzle adjustment assistant according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it preferably presents approximately perpendicularly to the base plate (E) in approximately the plane of the plane (G) specularly or parallel to it at least less a structure (Q), which has been configured such that it has at least one light source adapter with a light source on the upper face or / and the lower face of the base plate (E). 10. - Nozzle adjustment assistant according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one of the light source adapters has been installed a support to perform an angular adjustment and an exact orientation, while the end of the support is fixed in the central place of the adapter (F) of nozzles or / and of the nozzle (B) at the cut-off point of all angles (N, M). 11. - Method to improve spraying in a surface technique installation, characterized in that to verify, position or / and adjust at least one nozzle (B) for liquids in a surface technique installation a wizard is used (A ) adjusting nozzles according to at least one of claims 1 to 10. 12. - Method according to claim 11, characterized in that when verifying, positioning or / and adjusting at least one nozzle (B) or / and at least one nozzle floor with at least one nozzle (B), the central line (D) is improved of the nozzle, the distance from the nozzle orifice to the surface of the element, the theoretical spray zone (C), the actual spray zone on the sprayed element surfaces, the half angle (N) that starts laterally from the line (D ) central of the nozzle, the complete angle (O) between at least two mutually facing light rays (J, P) or / and the overlap of at least one other nozzle. 10 13.- Use of a surface technique installation with nozzles (B) or / and at least one floor of nozzles with at least one nozzle (B), which is adjusted / adjusted at least partially better with the nozzle adjustment assistant (A) according to at least one of claims 1 to 10. 14.- Use of coated objects and then treated further in an installation of the surface technique with at least one nozzle (B) improved partially adjusted according to at least one method according to 15 claims 11 and 12, or / and of the products manufactured according to the method according to claims 11 or 12 in the construction of automobiles, as architectural elements of construction or in the manufacture of apparatus and machines such as, for example, electronic devices or domestic appliances.