ES2560894A1 - Electrical consumption measurement system with direct fixing to cables (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention refers to a system of measurement of electrical consumption, autonomous and easy to install, by means of two elements that are assembled hugging the cables. One of the elements is passive and consists of ferrous nuclei in "U" and the other element is active and also consists of ferrous nuclei in "U" that together with those of the passive part and a winding form the current transformers that allow to measure the intensity that circulates through the cables. In the active element, the voltage and supply reference is taken through a pointed screw or a blade that perforates the insulation of the cables. An electronic plate in the active element allows calculating the rest of consumption values. It does not require any fastening element since the device is suspended from the cables in which the electrical measurement is made. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Power consumption measurement system with direct cable fixing.

Technology Sector

The present invention relates to an autonomous power consumption measurement system of easy installation by means of two elements that are assembled by hugging the cables, either in single-phase installation (2 cables) or three-phase installation (4 cables) so that both signals are collected of intensity (the two elements enclose the wires in ferrite core transformers) and voltage (the two elements press against the wires piercing the insulation) to calculate from all these two measures all the consumption values including powers, energies, frequency, etc.

This system is applicable to consumption measurements in electrical panels in any type of existing or new installation.

Background of the invention

At present, consumption measurement systems are known for installation in electrical panels. In order for these devices to perform their tasks, the measurement of voltage and intensity is necessary, so that from this data the rest of the values associated with consumption can be calculated, such as power, energy, frequency, etc.

Conventional systems use current sensors such as current clamps for measuring the intensity that are connected by a cable to the measuring equipment. These current sensors can be of the transformer type of open core, closed core or flexible type such as Rogowski coils.

In some equipment, especially in residential applications, a fixed voltage value is estimated and calculations are made based on the actual intensity data and the estimated voltage data.

In most applications, it is also necessary to have the voltage measurement, which is usually done by wiring from the electrical panel to the measuring equipment.

In the cases mentioned, the main disadvantage is that additional space is needed in the electrical panels to place the meter, and installation time to install the current transformers and carry the cables to the meter, as well as to connect the measuring cables of the tension to the paramenta and also take these cables to the meter.

In some cases. The measuring equipment can be compact and have internal current transformers so that the meter has holes through which the cable is passed and this allows the intensity to be measured, and the voltage is measured by means of perforating screws the isolation. This type of meter has the disadvantage that the cables have to be disconnected to redirect them through the meter, which implies a shutdown in the electrical panel, and has complications of space in the panels.

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Other market solutions use the direct connection to the paramenta for the taking of the voltage data, for example by magnetic connection, which limits the position of the meter and hinders the placement of the current sensor that offers adequate precision.

Explanation of the invention

The present invention relates to an easy-to-install electrical consumption measurement system consisting of two elements that embrace the cables in an electrical panel. One element is placed behind the cables (2 in single-phase installations, 4 in three-phase installations) and another in the front part so that they join together to embrace the cables with a fast mechanism, for example of the click type.

The union of the two elements constitutes a system that allows measuring the two fundamental parameters that are involved in the measurement of consumption: intensity and voltage.

The intensity is measured by the current induced in the ferrite core transformers that is formed with the union of the two parts of the system. The measurement is carried out in the case of single-phase 1-wire or 2 if you want to measure the neutral current, and in the case of three-phase, 3-wire or 4 if you want to measure the neutral current. The two pieces, when joined together, have configured the complete current transformers that allow for good measurement accuracy, typically 1%.

The voltage is measured by perforating the insulation of the cables that is done by mechanically joining the two pieces by pressing the cable. An additional screw type mechanism can be used on each cable to improve pressure and ensure electrical contact. The rear part design is preferably made with a "V" shape so that the cable is centered by mechanically joining the rear and front parts and the insulation perforation mechanism is facilitated.

The system. from the measurement of intensity and voltage, calculate the rest of the values associated with consumption, such as powers, energies, frequency, etc.

In the system each of the two elements that constitute it plays a specific function:

• The back element is basically mechanical and passive, so that it does not include active components or operate with any type of power supply. It is a plastic housing that houses the "U" shaped ferrites. The housing houses 2 cables in the case of single-phase (with 1 or 2 "U" of ferrite) or houses 4 cables in the case of three-phase (with 3 or 4 ferrites in the form of "U"). It has a quick closing mechanism that fits perfectly with the previous element.

• The previous element has on the one hand the other "U" of the ferrites that close the current transformer, with its corresponding winding, as well as the system for capturing the voltage data through perforation of the insulation and the active components that allow the consumption calculations based on the intensity and voltage captured, as well as the visualization and communications components. The active components are fed through the voltage captured from the cables, conveniently adapted.

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The two elements that embrace the cables, depending on the size of the ferrite cores that are used, can maintain the same distance between the cables that mark the used paramenta or may require some additional separation that thanks to the installation method is very easy to obtain and regulate, since the rear element just channels the position of the cables, which is fixed when superimposing and finishing assembling the upper part.

The equipment can operate as an autonomous system by means of light indicators or a display or by sending the measurements in a wired or wireless way to other devices in its proximity or remotely.

The operating mode that is considered as most useful is that in which the system wirelessly communicates the data captured and calculated by means of communications such as WIFI, Bluetooth, narrowband, GPRS, 3G, 4G, etc.

The two-element measurement system is placed very easily and quickly anywhere on the electrical panel. Its small size, especially in height, of a few centimeters allows it to be freely located without the need to make a specific space in the electrical panel. In those versions of the system that connect wirelessly, the ease of installation will be even greater.

The measuring system can be used, with different sizes, for different nominal current values of the circuits. For greater nominal intensity, the size of the cables will be greater and a design of the larger elements will be required to accommodate the appropriate "U" ferrites and the necessary winding.

Brief description of the drawings

In the drawings

Figure 1 shows the two elements not joined together, which form the set of a preferred embodiment of the system claimed in the present invention; the active element is shown in front and the passive behind;

Figure 2 shows the two elements of the assembly of a preferred embodiment of the system but mechanically assembled, in this case by means of flanges; the active element is shown in front and the passive behind;

Figure 3 shows a section of the active element in which the winding, ferrous core and tension reference tap system can be seen;

Figure 4 shows the detail of the passive element, in which the other part of the ferrous core and the routing system for the location of the cables can be seen;

Figure 5 shows the detail of a section of the system in a preferred embodiment in which the reference of voltage and power supply of the assembly is carried out by means of a screw in the shape of a tip at its end that pierces the insulation of the cable to make physical contact ;

Figure 6 shows in perspective the assembly of the two elements assembled in a preferred embodiment and are shown next to a panel of an electrical panel for

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get a better idea of its size and placement, although the placement can be next to the wall or not, since you only need to clamp the cables to have the set installed.

The different parts of a preferred embodiment of the system object of the invention are indicated below: (1) V-channels of the passive element that will allow the tension reference to be taken, (2) location of the pointed screws for the taking of the voltage reference of the cables that pass through the device, (3) LCD screen for data visualization and device configuration, (4) keypad for the selection of the different functions of the device, (5) active element , contains the electronic part of the device, (6) passive element that wraps the cables and fixes the system, (7), closing through a tongue with click, (8) screw ended in tip for the power supply of the own cables, piercing the insulating cover thereof, (9) ferrous core winding, embedded in the active element, (10) ferric core of the current transformer. embedded in the passive element, (11) channels or gulas for the cables that facilitate the taking of the reference and feeding of the cables by the pointed screw, (12) ferric cores of the current transformer, in each of the elements active and passive, (13) cable routed through the device, (14) pointed screw for the reference and power supply of the equipment, (15), drilling by the screw of the cable insulation cover.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

A preferred embodiment is shown in the figures. In particular, Figure 1 shows the two elements the asset (front) and the liability (behind). Both elements are shown in figure 1 not assembled and in figure 2 assembled. This example shows a three-phase system that once assembled houses the 3 phase and neutral wires.

The passive element is a piece (6) of plastic material that houses half of the ferrous cores (10) as shown in Figure 4. It has a V-shape (1 and 11) so that the cable is well located when closing is performed together with the active element. In this embodiment it is provided that the closure be by means of flanges as shown in the figures (7).

The active element is a piece of plastic material that houses the other half of the ferrous cores, as well as the corresponding winding so that together with the complete ferric core they form a current transformer in which a voltage proportional to the current of the current will be induced. cable. Likewise, the active element houses a mechanism for taking the reference voltage and the power supply of the assembly through a screw guide (2). Figures 3 and 5 show the detail of the bolt of the screw (8) terminated in tip and the way in which the insulation of the cable passes through to make the contact.

Once the assembly is assembled, the active element has the voltage and intensity data, so with the appropriate electronics that must be incorporated, it is able to measure the consumption parameters such as mainly power and energy, and additionally others values such as frequency, harmonics, etc.

The active element has also incorporated an information display (3) and a simple keyboard (4), to allow visualization, as well as its configuration.

In Figure 6 the advantages of the system are especially appreciated, since it can be seen how the assembly is installed simply by placing the two elements, passive part behind the cable and active part in front of the cable, and are joined by pressing. Depending on the voltage contact system, the 5 screws must also be slightly tightened or if a knife system is used, ensure adequate pressure. In addition to the simplicity of installation, the system can be placed in any part of the electrical panel without the need for it in one or another position relative to the wall.

A typical paramenta of the electrical installations has been included in figure 6 so that their joint representation with the measurement system object of the present invention allows to appreciate the reduced size of the same, but it is not intended to indicate the relative position of the measurement system with respect to the paramenta, since there is no limitation in this regard.

15 In the preferred embodiment shown. and in order to maintain the simplicity of the installation, it is foreseen that the data will be sent wirelessly, either to a local or remote system to manage the captured data.

Since the display and the keyboard are not an essential part of the operation of the system, 20 this preferred embodiment is contemplated in the different versions, with or without a display, with or without a keyboard, being able to replace the display with another type of display as led indicators .

Claims (10)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 1. Three-phase power consumption measurement system characterized by its direct cable fixing system by means of two elements (figure 1) that embrace the cables and are coupled to each other by means of pestar.as (7) to form a set (figure 2 and 6), so that the back element (figure 4) is passive and mainly has the mission of housing half of the ferrite cores (10) and the previous element is active and has the mission of housing the other half of the ferrite cores (12), the corresponding winding, and a system of contact with the cables by means of screw ended in tip (14) that perforates the insulation to take the reference of voltage and its own feeding; the position of the cables is established by a V-shaped groove (11); In addition, the active element has the necessary electronics to measure consumption parameters (powers, energies, frequency, harmonics, etc.) from the intensity data (captured by the current transformer that constitute the ferrite cores and the winding) and voltage (picked up by the contact system with the conductive part of the cables). The active element has a display (3) and keyboard (4) to interact with the user. 2. Electrical consumption measurement system according to claim 1a, characterized in that for constructive reasons both elements are active, so that there is a signal passing connector or voltages both elements so that the two can house electronic components.
3. Electricity measurement system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by omitting in the active part the display indicator, so that the interface with the user is carried out by means of a device external to the system (PC, mobile, tablet, etc.) communicated with the device.
4. Electricity measurement system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by using led indicators instead of the display.
5. Electricity measurement system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by omitting in the active part the keyboard, so that the interface with the user is carried out by means of a device external to the system (PC, mobile, tablet, etc.) communicated with the device.
6. Electricity measurement system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by closing system of both elements by means of half-turn screws to obtain a more solid fixation and that offers more pressure. 7. Electric consumption measurement system according to claims 1 or 2, characterized by contact system with the conductive part of the cables by means of a blade that is held pressed to pierce the insulation. 8. Electrical consumption measurement system according to claims 1 or 2, characterized by sending system of the captured and / or calculated consumption data, as well as configuration parameters, by means of wireless communications with either WIFI, BLUETOOTH technology, Narrowband , GPRS, 3G, 4G, etc. 9. Electrical consumption measurement system according to claims 1 or 2, characterized by sending system of the consumption data captured and / or calculated, as well as configuration parameters, by cable, either serial bus, Ethernet or any other type of bus. 10 Measurement system for electricity consumption according to claims 1 or 2, 5 characterized by its adaptation to single-phase installations, so that it is hugged to 2 wires, phase and neutral, instead of 4 as is the case of three-phase. 11. Electrical consumption measurement system according to claims ia or 2a, characterized in that the active element, although it feeds on the voltage it takes from the contact with the cables, has a small battery for those operations that need to preserve configuration data or operation when the cables have no voltage.