ES2552743B2 - Automatic hook turner - Google Patents
Automatic hook turner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2552743B2 ES2552743B2 ES201430826A ES201430826A ES2552743B2 ES 2552743 B2 ES2552743 B2 ES 2552743B2 ES 201430826 A ES201430826 A ES 201430826A ES 201430826 A ES201430826 A ES 201430826A ES 2552743 B2 ES2552743 B2 ES 2552743B2
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- Prior art keywords
- hook
- turner
- automatic
- automatic hook
- axis
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/22—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
- B66C1/34—Crane hooks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
Volteador para ganchos automático.#Partiendo de la estructuración convencional de ganchos que incorporan un elemento de enganche o gancho (2) propiamente dicho, asociado a un eje de giro (4) para el mismo, cuyo posicionamiento angular se regula a través de un actuador eléctrico, gobernado por un circuito de control de accionamiento remoto, la invención centra sus características en el hecho de que, para alargar sensiblemente la vida útil del actuador, el mismo en vez de asociarse directamente con la biela (9) emergente de dicho eje de giro del gancho, lo hace a través de un amortiguador (13), a través de su brazo extensible (14), estando este elemento asociado a su vez, a través de un casquillo (12) con el brazo extensible del actuador eléctrico que participa en el dispositivo.Automatic hook turner. # Starting from the conventional structuring of hooks that incorporate a hook or hook element (2) proper, associated with a rotation axis (4) for the same, whose angular positioning is regulated through an actuator Electric, governed by a remote-controlled control circuit, the invention focuses its characteristics on the fact that, to significantly extend the life of the actuator, it instead of directly associating with the connecting rod (9) emerging from said axis of rotation of the hook, it is done through a shock absorber (13), through its extensible arm (14), this element being in turn associated, through a bush (12) with the extendable arm of the electric actuator that participates on the device
Description
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DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
VOLTEADOR PARA GANCHOS AUTOMATICO OBJETO DE LA INVENCIONTURNER FOR AUTOMATIC HOOKS OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invention se refiere a un volteador para ganchos automatico, cuya finalidad es la de constituir un elemento de izado de cargas sumamente polivalente, que permita el auto- enganche de dispositivo a infinidad de elementos, todo ello de forma totalmente automatizada, tanto en las maniobras de enganche como de desenganche.The present invention relates to an automatic hook turner, whose purpose is to constitute a highly versatile lifting element that allows the device to be auto-coupled to an infinity of elements, all fully automated, both in the hitching and unhooking maneuvers.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En el ambito de aplicacion de la invencion, son conocidos ,muy diversos tipos de ganchos para la elevation de diferentes tipos de cargas, siendo el problema principal de este tipo de dispositivos el hecho de que la vinculacion del gancho a los medios de izado de la carga de que se trate debe realizarse de forma manual por parte de un operario, tanto en las maniobras de enganche como en las de desenganche, con la consecuente ralentizacion del proceso de manipulation y negativa repercusion en los costes de transporte, asl como en el riesgo para la seguridad del operario.In the field of application of the invention, very different types of hooks are known for the elevation of different types of loads, the main problem of this type of devices being the fact that the connection of the hook to the lifting means of the The load in question must be carried out manually by an operator, both in the hitching and in the disengagement maneuvers, with the consequent slowdown of the manipulation process and negative impact on the transport costs, as well as the risk for operator safety.
Tratando de obviar esta problematica, en el modelo de utilidad 1065520 se describe un dispositivo para manipulacion de contenedores que comprende un gancho situado en medios de elevacion, configurado para articularse respecto a un eje de articulation entre una position de plegado, en la que un espacio que esta por debajo de dicho eje de articulacion queda libre, y una posicion de despliegue, en la que el gancho queda dispuesto por debajo de dicho eje de articulacion, de manera que la articulacion del gancho se lleva a cabo mediante un control automatizado y remoto por radiofrecuencia.Trying to obviate this problem, in the utility model 1065520 a device for handling containers is described comprising a hook located in lifting means, configured to articulate with respect to an axis of articulation between a folding position, in which a space which is below said articulation axis is free, and a deployment position, in which the hook is arranged below said articulation axis, so that the articulation of the hook is carried out by an automated and remote control by radiofrequency.
Si bien este dispositivo cumple la funcion para la que ha sido previsto, presenta en la realidad una serie de inconvenientes entre los que cabe citar los siguientes:Although this device fulfills the function for which it was intended, it actually presents a series of drawbacks, among which the following can be mentioned:
• El medio de enganche es fijo, de manera que no puede adaptarse a diferentes tipos de carga, siendo necesario un dispositivo especlfico para cada caso.• The hitching means is fixed, so that it cannot be adapted to different types of cargo, a specific device being necessary for each case.
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• El mecanismo de giro del elemento de enganche no dispone de medios de amortiguacion, lo que reduce sensiblemente la vida util del motor electrico que participa en el actuador encargado de girar dicho elemento de enganche.• The mechanism of rotation of the coupling element does not have damping means, which significantly reduces the useful life of the electric motor that participates in the actuator responsible for rotating said coupling element.
• El propio gancho esta debilmente protegido frente a posibles impactos exteriores.• The hook itself is weakly protected against possible external impacts.
• No incluye medios de seguridad que impidan el desbloqueo accidental del gancho.• Does not include safety means that prevent accidental unlocking of the hook.
DESCRIPCION DE LA INVENCIONDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El volteador para ganchos automatico que se preconiza ha sido concebido para resolver la problematica anteriormente expuesta, en todos y cada uno de los puntos senalados, de una forma sencilla pero de gran eficacia.The automatic hook turner that is recommended has been conceived to solve the problems described above, in each and every one of the points indicated, in a simple but highly effective way.
Para ello, el gancho automatico que se preconiza se constituye a partir de un chasis o carcasa en cuyo seno queda debidamente protegido frente a golpes los mecanismos de control automatico del elemento de enganche o gancho propiamente dicho.For this, the automatic hook that is recommended is constituted from a chassis or housing in which the automatic control mechanisms of the hook or hook element itself are duly protected against shocks.
De forma mas concreta, sobre el extremo inferior de dicho chasis se establece un eje de giro para el gancho propiamente dicho, dotado de un orificio transversal, con los correspondientes cajeados, para permitir el paso de un perno en el que se rematan superiormente los diferentes elementos de enganche o ganchos propiamente dichos previstos para el dispositivo, de manera que estos elementos se pueden instalar facilmente mediante las correspondientes tuercas en dicho eje de giro.More specifically, on the lower end of said chassis an axis of rotation is established for the hook itself, provided with a transverse hole, with the corresponding holes, to allow the passage of a bolt in which the different ends are topped hooking elements or hooks themselves provided for the device, so that these elements can be easily installed by means of the corresponding nuts on said axis of rotation.
De acuerdo con otra de las caracterlsticas de la invencion, se ha previsto que, del citado eje de giro emerja radialmente una biela, solidaria al mismo, al que se asocia el mecanico de control posicional de dicho eje, y consecuentemente de la posicion del gancho propiamente dicho.According to another of the characteristics of the invention, it is provided that, from the aforementioned axis of rotation, a connecting rod emerges radially, integral with it, to which the positional control mechanic of said axis is associated, and consequently of the position of the hook Properly said.
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De forma mas concreta, y en contra de lo que sucede en el modelo de utilidad anteriormente citado, en el seno del chasis se establece un actuador electrico, con su correspondiente circuito de control, con la particularidad de que el vastago de dicho actuador, en vez de relacionarse directamente con la biela que regula la inclination del gancho, lo hace con un amortiguador, que trabaja tanto a traction como a compresion, siendo el vastago extensible de dicho amortiguador el que finalmente se asocia articuladamente a la comentada biela.More specifically, and contrary to what happens in the aforementioned utility model, an electric actuator is established within the chassis, with its corresponding control circuit, with the particularity that the rod of said actuator, in instead of being directly related to the connecting rod that regulates the inclination of the hook, it does so with a shock absorber, which works both in traction and compression, with the extensible rod of said shock absorber which is finally associated articulated with the said connecting rod.
De esta manera se consigue un sistema de amortiguacion que alarga sensiblemente la vida util del actuador electrico, evitando la apertura del gancho o elemento a girar, si tuviera carga suspendida, ya que aunque el actuador por error se accionara, el propio peso de la carga harla que el amortiguador se extendiera, contrarrestando el desplazamiento del actuador, y consecuentemente manteniendo el gancho en una position de seguridad para la carga, de modo que hasta que esta no este completamente asentada, el gancho no podra adoptar la disposicion elevada de descarga.In this way a damping system is achieved that significantly lengthens the useful life of the electric actuator, avoiding the opening of the hook or element to rotate, if it had a suspended load, since although the actuator by mistake was activated, the weight of the load itself make the shock absorber extend, counteracting the movement of the actuator, and consequently keeping the hook in a safe position for loading, so that until it is completely seated, the hook cannot adopt the high discharge arrangement.
El amortiguador tambien permite volver el desenganche en inteligente de manera que cuando la carga esta apoyada totalmente y a traves del circuito de control se ha dado de forma remota la orden de apertura, pero existen movimiento que provocan tension, como por ejemplo el que se puede dar en el movimiento en un barco, o piezas sobre lechos submarinos o los propios cables de las gruas por cambios en los puntos de gravedad o retorno de tensiones de los aceros de las gruas, dicho amortiguador recibe la nulidad de las tensiones y permite su apertura automaticamente sin necesidad de una nueva orden.The shock absorber also makes it possible to return the release in intelligent so that when the load is fully supported and through the control circuit the opening order has been given remotely, but there are movements that cause tension, such as the one that can be given in the movement in a boat, or pieces on underwater beds or the cranes' own cables due to changes in the points of gravity or return of tension of the steels of the cranes, said shock absorber receives the nullity of the tensions and allows its opening automatically No need for a new order.
Este sistema es muy importante cuando se producen cargas multiples con elementos de izado blandos como eslingas y en el funcionamiento a la vez de varios aparatos como en la carga de buques y demas, en los que debe haber un sincronismo entre dispositivos.This system is very important when there are multiple loads with soft lifting elements such as slings and in the operation at the same time of several devices such as in the loading of ships and others, in which there must be a synchronism between devices.
De acuerdo con otra de las caracterlsticas de la invention, se ha previsto que la embocadura del elemento de enganche, este asistida por un muelle o gatillo, que en la situacion de descenso del gancho entra en contacto con su extremo libre, impidiendo su desplazamiento mas alla de dicho punto en sentido exterior, mientras que es deformable en sentido interno, gatillo que se asocia al propio chasis del dispositivo, de manera que, cuando el gancho propiamente dicho se retrae, se desvincula de este elemento.According to another of the characteristics of the invention, it is provided that the mouth of the coupling element is assisted by a spring or trigger, which in the situation of descent of the hook comes into contact with its free end, preventing its displacement more beyond said point in the outer direction, while it is internally deformable, trigger that is associated with the device's own chassis, so that, when the hook itself retracts, it is detached from this element.
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Adicionalmente, se ha previsto la inclusion de incorporation basculas de pesaje, y sistemas de comunicacion como RFID, GPS o similares.Additionally, the inclusion of weighing scales, and communication systems such as RFID, GPS or similar is planned.
La electronica de control, asl como las baterlas del dispositivo se insertan en sendos alojamientos de la carcasa del chasis, quedando perfectamente protegidas, al igual que el resto de mecanismos de accionamiento del gancho.The control electronics, as well as the batteries of the device, are inserted in individual housings of the chassis housing, being perfectly protected, as are the rest of the hook's actuation mechanisms.
El dispositivo asl descrito es implantable en muy diversos tipos de mecanismos o medios de sustentacion, tales como gruas fijas, gruas moviles, etc, de modo que su diseno exterior permite el auto-enganche del equipo a infinidad de elementos.The device thus described is implantable in very different types of mechanisms or means of support, such as fixed cranes, mobile cranes, etc., so that its exterior design allows the self-hooking of the equipment to infinite elements.
DESCRIPCION DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la description que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprension de las caracterlsticas del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realization practica del mismo, se acompana como parte integrante de dicha descripcion, un juego de dibujos en donde con caracter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that will then be carried out and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, a set of drawings is accompanied as an integral part of said description. where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, the following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra una vista en alzado lateral de un gancho automatico realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invention, en el que el elemento de enganche, o gancho propiamente dicho aparece representado en ambas posiciones extremas de funcionamiento.Figure 1 shows a side elevation view of an automatic hook made in accordance with the object of the present invention, in which the hooking element, or hook itself, is represented in both extreme operating positions.
La figura 2.- Muestra una vista en alzado frontal del conjunto de la figura anterior.Figure 2.- Shows a front elevation view of the assembly of the previous figure.
La figura 3.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva y en despiece en explosion del conjunto de las figuras anteriores.Figure 3.- Shows an exploded perspective and exploded view of the set of the previous figures.
La figura 4.- Muestra un detalle en perspectiva del elemento amortiguador que se asocia al actuador del gancho.Figure 4.- Shows a detail in perspective of the damping element that is associated with the actuator of the hook.
La figura 5.- Muestra, finalmente, una vista en section diametral del conjunto de la figura anterior.Figure 5.- Shows, finally, a diametral section view of the assembly of the previous figure.
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REALIZACION PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIONPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Como se puede ver en las figuras referidas, y en especial en la figura 3, el dispositivo de la invencion se constituye a partir de un chasis (1) a modo de carcasa en el que incluir internamente los mecanismos de control y regulacion posicional de un elemento de enganche o gancho (2) propiamente dicho, chasis (1) en el que se definen inferiormente una pareja de orejetas (3) entre las que se establece el eje (4) sustentador del gancho (2).As can be seen in the aforementioned figures, and especially in figure 3, the device of the invention is constituted from a chassis (1) as a housing in which internally include the control mechanisms and positional regulation of a hook or hook element (2) proper, chassis (1) in which a pair of lugs (3) are defined inferiorly between which the axis (4) supporting the hook (2) is established.
Dicho eje (4) presenta un cajeado (5) y un orificio transversal (6) destinado a permitir el paso selectivo del perno (7) en que se rematan superiormente los distintos tipos de ganchos previstos para el dispositivo, de manera que, si bien en el ejemplo representado en las figuras solo aparece un tipo de gancho, al dispositivo pueden acoplarse diferentes tipos de gancho en funcion de las necesidades especificas de cada caso, como pueden ser ganchos especiales para la sujecion de tubos, o ganchos de perfil fino para facilitar su insercion automatica en determinados tipos de cargas.Said shaft (4) has a recess (5) and a transverse hole (6) intended to allow the selective passage of the bolt (7) in which the different types of hooks provided for the device are topped off, so that, although In the example shown in the figures, only one type of hook appears, different types of hook can be attached to the device depending on the specific needs of each case, such as special hooks for fastening tubes, or thin profile hooks to facilitate its automatic insertion in certain types of loads.
En cualquiera de los casos, el citado perno (7) se fija al eje (4) mediante la correspondiente tuerca (8), estabilizada sobre el cajeado (5).In either case, said bolt (7) is fixed to the shaft (4) by means of the corresponding nut (8), stabilized on the recess (5).
Tal y como se puede ver en la figura 3, radialmente del eje (4) emerge una biela (9), solidaria al mismo, a partir de la que es posible regular la posicion angular de dicho eje, y consecuentemente del gancho (2), de manera que en el seno del chasis (1) se establece un actuador electrico (10), convenientemente fijado al mismo, cuyo vastago extensible (11) en vez de fijarse directamente a la biela (9) lo hace a un casquillo (12) que lo relaciona con un amortiguador (13), el mostrado en detalle en las figuras 4 y 5, de manera que dicho amortiguador trabaja tanto a traccion como a compresion, al establecerse el extremo de su brazo extensible (14) entre una pareja de muelles superior e inferior (15-16), siendo la extremidad libre (17) de dicho brazo extensible, que se materializa en una horquilla, la que se relaciona finalmente con la biela (9) a traves del complementario tornillo (18) y tuerca (19).As can be seen in Figure 3, radially from the shaft (4) a connecting rod (9) emerges, integral with it, from which it is possible to adjust the angular position of said shaft, and consequently of the hook (2) , so that within the chassis (1) an electric actuator (10) is established, conveniently fixed to it, whose extensible rod (11) instead of being fixed directly to the connecting rod (9) makes it to a bushing (12 ) which relates it to a shock absorber (13), the one shown in detail in Figures 4 and 5, so that said shock absorber works both traction and compression, when the end of its extensible arm (14) is established between a pair of upper and lower springs (15-16), the free end (17) of said extendable arm, which materializes in a fork, which is finally related to the connecting rod (9) through the complementary screw (18) and nut (19).
El chasis (1) se cierra lateralmente mediante una tapa (20), que se atornilla al mismo, y en la que se definen dos alojamientos con sus correspondientes tapas (21-22), para el circuitoThe chassis (1) is closed laterally by means of a cover (20), which is screwed to it, and in which two housings with their corresponding covers (21-22) are defined, for the circuit
electronico de control remoto del actuador, y del alojamiento de las correspondientes baterlas, pudiendo incorporar el dispositivo medios de pesado electronico asl como diversos sistemas de comunicacion inalambrica.electronic remote control of the actuator, and the housing of the corresponding batteries, the device can incorporate electronic weighing means as well as various wireless communication systems.
5 En cuanto al gancho propiamente dicho (2), se ha previsto que la embocadura del mismo este asistida por un gatillo (23) cuyos extremos se relacionan con las orejetas (3) del chasis (1), y que en la posicion de extension del gancho (2) impide la salida del contenido del mismo al hacer tope con la extremidad de dicho gancho, mientras que, al tratarse de un elemento elastico, permite el acceso de los elementos de izado por deformacion elastica del 10 mismo, mientras que cuando se retrae el gancho propiamente dicho, este elemento queda independizado del mismo, no oponiendo resistencia a la descarga, constituyendo un elemento adicional de seguridad.5 As for the hook itself (2), it is provided that the mouth of the hook is assisted by a trigger (23) whose ends are related to the lugs (3) of the chassis (1), and that in the extension position of the hook (2) prevents the exit of the contents thereof when abutting the end of said hook, while, being an elastic element, it allows access of the lifting elements by elastic deformation thereof, while when the hook itself is retracted, this element is independent of it, not opposing resistance to discharge, constituting an additional safety element.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201430826A ES2552743B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Automatic hook turner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201430826A ES2552743B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Automatic hook turner |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2552743A1 ES2552743A1 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
| ES2552743B2 true ES2552743B2 (en) | 2016-06-06 |
Family
ID=54652009
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201430826A Active ES2552743B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Automatic hook turner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2552743B2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1583567A (en) * | 1976-09-13 | 1981-01-28 | Androski Edward C | Remotecontrolled safety hook assembly |
| US5178427A (en) * | 1992-01-23 | 1993-01-12 | Jorritsma Johannes N | Self-releasing lift hook |
| GB2293407A (en) * | 1994-09-24 | 1996-03-27 | Derek Anderson | A crane hook having a remotely controlled ejection lever |
| US6375242B1 (en) * | 2000-09-14 | 2002-04-23 | David Zingerman | Load clipping device for crane |
| ES1065520Y (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2007-12-01 | Vidal Oscar Fillol | DEVICE FOR HANDLING CONTAINERS |
-
2014
- 2014-05-30 ES ES201430826A patent/ES2552743B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2552743A1 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
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