ES2549545B1 - Canopy-single-axis solar tracker with Y-pillars - Google Patents

Abstract

Photovoltaic solar tracker of an axis architecturally integrated in a parking canopy, capable of making a rotation of the plane of the roof of the canopy constituted by the PV solar panels on the north-south space axis, obtaining complete ortho-sunset tracking and maintaining the maximum perpendicularity between the plates and the solar radiation. # The design of this tracker gives it reliability and lightness by reducing its manufacturing cost and assuming a saving in the investment in construction of parking lots with carport, as this follower is a carport itself ; so that its use makes possible the implementation of PV solar installations with exploitation in tariff parity and high returns for developers. # This PV canopy, optionally, houses chargers for electric vehicles (VE). It can be exploited, isolated from the grid, by feeding industrial refrigeration equipment isolated from the public network during the time in which its electricity is not demanded to recharge VE. In this way, the investment of the marquee is amortized, in about three years, by supplying electricity to cold equipment, making its profitability independent of the transit of VEs. # This way of exploitation, supplying electricity to consumption facilities isolated from the network, avoids the payment of taxes, fees and the backup toll enshrined, in Spain, in the Electric Sector Law of December 27, 2013.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Canopy-solar tracker with an axis with Y-pillars.

Technical sector 5

The invention is part of the renewable energy sector, more specifically in the generation of electricity, in a special regime, by means of photovoltaic modules supported in a carport with a tracking plane, on one axis, of the daily solar movement.

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State of the art

Today, solar panels are installed on the surface of the parking canopies, with or without added inclination. However, there are no canopies with tracking of an axis in commercial exploitation in Spain, or in any other country. fifteen

The current systems are based on the simple coupling of PV plates in the fixed structures of the car park, rendering this system a very low energy production that does not make them economically profitable. This system does not architecturally integrate the solar panel, therefore, the photovoltaic installation is an additional cost to the construction of the 20 parking canopies and its exploitation does not yield benefits.

Technical problem raised

In Spain, the Technical Building Code (CTE) requires large areas to install part of the power of the installation with renewable energy.

It is usual that a photovoltaic field (PV) is arranged on the canopies used for parking, on the surface, of large areas.

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This arrangement, with inclinations of 5º to 10º and orientation defined by purely architectural criteria, produces very little energy. In addition, the current backup toll for self-consumption, embodied in the Electric Sector Law 24/2013, of December 27, makes these PV installations in Spain totally unrepeatable.

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At the moment, there are no PV solar trackers architecturally integrated in parking canopies in the market, whose greater specific electric production allows to make their exploitation profitable.

Proposed Solution 40

Galio Técnicas Energéticos, S.L., has invented a single-axis solar tracking system for parking canopies with unmatched reliability and efficiency. We use the aeronautical technology of control of movement of surfaces of control in airplanes for the forwarding of the movement of active surfaces FV. Four. Five

This solar tracking canopy architecturally integrates the PV panel. Its monitoring system improves electrical production compared to current fixed systems.

The electricity generation that propitiates the one-axis system is estimated at an increase of up to 40% compared to conventional fixed systems at 10 degrees of inclination and without south orientation. fifty

On the other hand, the geometry of our one axis follower is, in itself, that of a parking canopy. In this way, our client eliminates the cost of construction of the car parks and that of a PV installation that is not profitable, replacing it with our

PV system, of high profitability and that, in addition, does the functions of parking. All this allows the PV installation in car parks to stop being a double cost for a project and become a high return investment.

This system is in line with the strategy of the European Commission, approved in the 5 Laperrouze report, in February 2009, which proposes as objectives:

• Guarantee the energy supply.

• Lower the energy bill. 10

• Set sustainability goals for 2020.

The follower, based on its design, employs a three-phase motor with a shared reducer to drive a variable number of PV solar panels. This characteristic allows a very important saving in the motor drive system of the installation, making it lighter, more reliable and economical.

This tracker, optionally, incorporates charging points for electric vehicles (VE), in order to fit the objective of the EU Horizon 2020, which aims to implement 20 795,000 charging points for VE before 2020.

Technical Description of the Invention

The present invention is based on a device consisting of pillars on which a rectangular armature that supports the photovoltaic panels rotates. The rotation of the plane allows tracking the movement of the sun from east to west, by orienting the axis of rotation in the north-south direction.

This movement pursues the sunrise to the east and its decline until sunset in the west. 30

The invention of this system allows the drive of the carport with an electric motor and its respective reducer. The motor converts the rotation into a linear movement when transferred by means of steel cable wound in a drum. This drum allows the transmission of the movement generated in the motor, being transmitted to a pulley that allows the torque to be multiplied.

The geometry of the system, with axes of rotation that are, at the same time, axes of symmetry, relieves the mechanism of most of the dynamic and static stresses that it could suffer. This allows considerable savings in manufacturing material and drive power. 40

The canopies are mounted in series, using pillars with double support for the rotation of two PV planes.

Brief description of plans

 Four. Five

Figure 1: side elevation view of the canopy-follower with PV panels.

Figure 2: Isometric view of the marquee-follower for eight vehicles.

Figure 3: Marquee-follower plan view for eight vehicles. fifty

Figure 4: Axonometric view of half of the drum drive system, 180º pulley, 360º driving pulley and steel cables.

Figure 5: Isometric view of the drive system fixing.

Figure 6: Isometric view of the fixing of the drive system with the support pillar and the clamping arms.

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Figure 7: Axonometric view of the drum drive system, two 180º pulleys, two 360º driving pulleys and steel cables.

Figure 8: Isometric view of the marquee-follower for 8 vehicles with 32 PV panels in half-day tracking position. 10

Figure 9: Isometric view of the marquee-follower for 8 vehicles with 32 PV panels in ortho tracking position.

Figure 10: Isometric view of the marquee-follower for 8 vehicles with 32 PV panels in 15 tracking position for sunset.

Figure 11: Marquee-follower plan view for eight vehicles with 32 PV panels.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIGURE 7: A three-phase industrial motor with reducer (3) transmits the rotation to a drum (7) by means of the pull-pull winding and winding system of a steel cable (5) on a drum (7) or cylinder. The drum system (7) allows the same rotation movement to be transmitted to the 180 ° semicircular pulley, which produces torque multiplication and generates the rotation of the PV panel or PV plane panel structure.

The semicircular pulley (4) will rotate + -30º and has a 360º driving pulley (8) that allows the return of the steel cable (5) to the drum (7) that is integral with the axis of rotation of the industrial gearbox ( 3). 30

Innovation in the system of transmission of movement of drum (pull-pull), that provides the movement of rotation in the axis x (north-south) of the plane of support of solar panels, obtaining the follow-up of the solar crossing east west.

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The marquee pillars can house chargers for electric vehicles.

Parts List:

Claims (1)

1. One-axis solar tracker in parking canopy geometry for photovoltaic solar installations, capable of making a turn of the four solar panel carrier structures (5), in unison, in the north-south space axis, performing full ortho tracking - case characterized in that each structure carries solar panels (5) rotates on an axis supported 5 by two, of the six, trapezoidal arms (2) that are mounted on two, of the three, trapezoidal pillars (1); the movement is assisted by using a steel cable (6) in a pull-pull, double tension system, which transfers the rotation from a commercial reduction motor (3); the cable (6), wound in a drum (7) integral with the reduction motor (3), transmits the turn to two semicircular pulleys (4) that are in solidarity, each of them, to two of the four structures carrying 10 panels rectangular (5); the rotation of the two semicircular pulleys (4) allows the four solar panel structures (5) to be declined from east to west; the return of the steel cable (6) is driven by two pulleys (8) that resend it to the double tension drum (7); the photovoltaic panels are supported and fixed to the structure (5), in grid, of commercial metal profiles; The marquee pillars can house chargers for electric vehicles.