ES2547810T3 - Boiler comprising a fluidized bed heat exchanger - Google Patents
Boiler comprising a fluidized bed heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- ES2547810T3 ES2547810T3 ES12194042.3T ES12194042T ES2547810T3 ES 2547810 T3 ES2547810 T3 ES 2547810T3 ES 12194042 T ES12194042 T ES 12194042T ES 2547810 T3 ES2547810 T3 ES 2547810T3
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- support device
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- heat exchanger
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000283725 Bos Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
- F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
- F22B21/34—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes grouped in panel form surrounding the combustion chamber, i.e. radiation boilers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
- F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
- F22B31/0092—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed with a fluidized heat exchange bed and a fluidized combustion bed separated by a partition, the bed particles circulating around or through that partition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
- F22B37/20—Supporting arrangements, e.g. for securing water-tube sets
- F22B37/205—Supporting and spacing arrangements for tubes of a tube bundle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
- F28D7/082—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Caldera que comprende un intercambiador de calor (3A) que incluye una pluralidad de tubos (7) que forman un haz de tubos, siguiendo cada tubo (7) una trayectoria de bustrofedón vertical, estando los tubos (7) soportados por al menos dos dispositivos de soporte verticales (41, 42) colocados a ambos lados del haz de tubos, en la que cada dispositivo de soporte vertical (41, 42) comprende al menos dos soportes verticales (411, 412; 421, 422) para fijar los tubos (7), en la que la trayectoria de bustrofedón de cada tubo (7) comprende partes horizontales, estando dos partes horizontales consecutivas unidas entre sí mediante una parte vertical formando de esta manera una curva entre las partes horizontales, los soportes verticales (411, 412; 421, 422) son tubos verticales, cada parte horizontal de cada tubo (7) del intercambiador de calor (3A) está fijada a un solo soporte vertical (411, 412; 421, 422) del dispositivo de soporte (41, 42), caracterizada por que el intercambiador de calor es un intercambiador de calor de lecho fluidizado (3A), y para al menos un dispositivo de soporte (41, 42), dos partes horizontales consecutivas de cada tubo (7) del intercambiador de calor (3A) no se fijan al mismo soporte vertical (411, 412; 421, 422) del dispositivo de soporte (41, 42).Boiler comprising a heat exchanger (3A) that includes a plurality of tubes (7) forming a bundle of tubes, each tube (7) following a vertical bustrophon path, the tubes (7) being supported by at least two devices of vertical support (41, 42) placed on both sides of the tube bundle, in which each vertical support device (41, 42) comprises at least two vertical supports (411, 412; 421, 422) to fix the tubes ( 7), in which the bustrofedon path of each tube (7) comprises horizontal parts, two consecutive horizontal parts being joined together by a vertical part thus forming a curve between the horizontal parts, the vertical supports (411, 412 ; 421, 422) are vertical tubes, each horizontal part of each tube (7) of the heat exchanger (3A) is fixed to a single vertical support (411, 412; 421, 422) of the support device (41, 42) , characterized by the heat exchanger it is a fluidized bed heat exchanger (3A), and for at least one support device (41, 42), two consecutive horizontal parts of each tube (7) of the heat exchanger (3A) are not fixed to the same vertical support (411, 412; 421, 422) of the support device (41, 42).
Description
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DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
Caldera que comprende un intercambiador de calor de lecho fluidizado Boiler comprising a fluidized bed heat exchanger
La presente invención se refiere a una caldera, típicamente una caldera de lecho fluidizado circulante (CFB), que comprende un intercambiador de calor de lecho fluidizado. Las calderas de lecho fluidizado circulante incluyen un reactor en el que las partículas sólidas son fluidizadas y en el que pueden tener lugar reacciones químicas y/o reacciones de combustión. El régimen fluidizado circulante mejora la mezcla de partículas junto con posibles reacciones químicas exotérmicas o endotérmicas. The present invention relates to a boiler, typically a circulating fluidized bed boiler (CFB), comprising a fluidized bed heat exchanger. The circulating fluidized bed boilers include a reactor in which the solid particles are fluidized and in which chemical reactions and / or combustion reactions can take place. The circulating fluidized regime improves the mixing of particles together with possible exothermic or endothermic chemical reactions.
El principio de funcionamiento de un intercambiador de calor de lecho fluidizado es relativamente simple: se ponen sólidos calientes en una cámara, en la que son fluidizados con aire o gas de combustión recirculado como un lecho fluidizado lentamente burbujeante. Elementos de intercambiador de calor, a menudo en forma serpentín que siguen una trayectoria de bustrofedón, se encuentran dentro de este lecho fluidizado y son alimentados con un fluido refrigerante. The principle of operation of a fluidized bed heat exchanger is relatively simple: hot solids are placed in a chamber, in which they are fluidized with recirculated combustion air or gas as a slowly bubbling fluidized bed. Heat exchanger elements, often in a serpentine shape that follow a bustrophedron path, are located within this fluidized bed and are fed with a cooling fluid.
Los serpentines tienen que mantenerse mediante soportes. Se conoce el uso de una conexión deslizante con soportes que permiten movimientos diferenciales entre los tubos y los soportes. El inconveniente de esta conexión deslizante es que pueden producirse espacios y desgaste asociados a la misma. The coils have to be maintained by supports. The use of a sliding connection with supports that allow differential movements between the tubes and the supports is known. The drawback of this sliding connection is that spaces and wear associated with it can occur.
También se conoce el uso de cuñas. Sin embargo, esta solución requiere buenas habilidades de construcción para instalar todas las diferentes partes del intercambiador de calor de lecho fluidizado sin espacios junto con la dificultad de valorar la buena ejecución del trabajo después. The use of wedges is also known. However, this solution requires good construction skills to install all the different parts of the fluidized bed heat exchanger without spaces together with the difficulty of assessing the good performance of the work afterwards.
El documento US 3 267 913 describe una caldera de acuerdo con la parte precaracterística de la reivindicación 1. US 3 267 913 describes a boiler according to the pre-characteristic part of claim 1.
Por tanto, un objeto de la presente invención es proporcionar una caldera que tenga un intercambiador de calor de lecho fluidizado que resuelva los problemas descritos anteriormente. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a boiler having a fluidized bed heat exchanger that solves the problems described above.
El objeto mencionado anteriormente se logra con una caldera que comprende un intercambiador de calor de lecho fluidizado, tal como se define en la reivindicación 1. The aforementioned object is achieved with a boiler comprising a fluidized bed heat exchanger, as defined in claim 1.
En la caldera de la invención, cada dispositivo de soporte vertical comprende al menos dos soportes verticales para fijar los tubos, típicamente al menos dos soportes verticales independientes. In the boiler of the invention, each vertical support device comprises at least two vertical supports for fixing the tubes, typically at least two independent vertical supports.
Por lo tanto, la fijación de los tubos en los soportes verticales evita vibraciones locales y posibles abrasiones que resulten de las mismas. El uso de al menos dos soportes por dispositivo hace que sea posible dividir la cantidad de esfuerzos. Therefore, the fixation of the tubes in the vertical supports prevents local vibrations and possible abrasions that result from them. The use of at least two supports per device makes it possible to divide the amount of effort.
La trayectoria de bustrofedón de cada tubo comprende partes horizontales, estando dos partes horizontales consecutivas unidas entre sí mediante una parte vertical formando de esta manera una curva entre las partes horizontales. The bustrophedron path of each tube comprises horizontal parts, two consecutive horizontal parts being joined together by a vertical part thus forming a curve between the horizontal parts.
Un dispositivo de soporte puede estar situado en el lado izquierdo del haz de tubos y un dispositivo de soporte puede estar situado en el lado derecho del haz de tubos. A support device may be located on the left side of the tube bundle and a support device may be located on the right side of the tube bundle.
Los soportes verticales son tubos verticales. Vertical supports are vertical tubes.
Los tubos que forman los soportes verticales pueden ser refrigerados o no refrigerados. The tubes that form the vertical supports can be refrigerated or not refrigerated.
Para al menos un dispositivo de soporte, dos partes horizontales consecutivas de cada tubo del intercambiador de calor no están fijadas al mismo soporte vertical del dispositivo de soporte. For at least one support device, two consecutive horizontal parts of each tube of the heat exchanger are not fixed to the same vertical support of the support device.
Para cada dispositivo de soporte, dos partes horizontales consecutivas de cada tubo del intercambiador de calor no están preferiblemente fijadas al mismo soporte vertical del dispositivo de soporte. For each support device, two consecutive horizontal parts of each heat exchanger tube are preferably not fixed to the same vertical support of the support device.
Para cada dispositivo de soporte, cada parte horizontal de cada tubo del intercambiador de calor está preferiblemente fijada a un solo soporte vertical del dispositivo de soporte y, para cada dispositivo de soporte, dos partes horizontales consecutivas de cada tubo del intercambiador de calor no están preferiblemente fijadas al mismo soporte vertical del dispositivo de soporte. For each support device, each horizontal part of each heat exchanger tube is preferably fixed to a single vertical support of the support device and, for each support device, two consecutive horizontal parts of each heat exchanger tube are preferably not fixed to the same vertical support of the support device.
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La caldera puede comprender un hogar en el que se mantiene la combustión de partículas sólidas y el intercambiador de calor de lecho fluidizado puede colocarse fuera del hogar. The boiler can comprise a home in which the combustion of solid particles is maintained and the fluidized bed heat exchanger can be placed outside the home.
Otras características y ventajas de la invención quedarán claras a partir de la siguiente descripción de una realización de la invención dada a modo de ejemplo no limitativo, y con referencia a los dibujos que se acompañan, en los que: Other features and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following description of an embodiment of the invention given by way of non-limiting example, and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
La figura 1 es un diagrama de una caldera de acuerdo con la invención, y Figure 1 is a diagram of a boiler according to the invention, and
Las figuras 2 a 10 son vistas parciales de la caldera que muestran el sistema de soporte de intercambiador de calor de lecho fluidizado de la invención. Figures 2 to 10 are partial views of the boiler showing the fluidized bed heat exchanger support system of the invention.
La figura 1 ilustra una caldera que incluye un hogar 1 en el que se mantiene la combustión de partículas sólidas. La parte superior del hogar 1 está conectada a un elemento separador 2 a través de un conducto de extracción 12 que transporta los gases de combustión y las partículas recicladas. Figure 1 illustrates a boiler that includes a home 1 in which the combustion of solid particles is maintained. The upper part of the home 1 is connected to a separator element 2 through an extraction duct 12 that transports the flue gases and the recycled particles.
El elemento separador 2, por ejemplo un ciclón, suministra el gas a un conducto de escape 20 que comienza en su parte superior, y suministra las partículas a un conducto de reciclado 23 que conduce a un lecho fluidizado denso externo 3 que está colocado fuera del hogar 1. El conducto de reciclado 23 está generalmente provisto de sifón y de aislamiento calorífugo. El lecho externo 3 está provisto de un primer intercambiador de calor 3A que, en este ejemplo, tiene forma de un nido de tubos que zigzaguean en planos verticales, siguiendo una trayectoria de bustrofedón, de modo que los segmentos de tubo largos son preferiblemente horizontales. El primer intercambiador de calor 3A se alimenta con un fluido refrigerante, por ejemplo agua, a través de una entrada 39. La salida 30 del intercambiador de calor 3A puede conectarse a un segundo intercambiador de calor 3B que puede estar situado en el hogar 1. The separator element 2, for example a cyclone, supplies the gas to an exhaust duct 20 that starts at its top, and supplies the particles to a recycle duct 23 that leads to an external dense fluidized bed 3 which is placed outside the household 1. The recycling duct 23 is generally provided with a siphon and heat insulating insulation. The outer bed 3 is provided with a first heat exchanger 3A which, in this example, is in the form of a nest of pipes that zigzag in vertical planes, following a bustrofedon path, so that the long tube segments are preferably horizontal. The first heat exchanger 3A is fed with a cooling fluid, for example water, through an inlet 39. The outlet 30 of the heat exchanger 3A can be connected to a second heat exchanger 3B which can be located in the home 1.
El resto de la descripción está dedicada al soporte del intercambiador de calor 3A. Cabe señalar que la invención no se limita a intercambiadores de calor de lecho fluidizado externos, sino que también se puede utilizar con otros intercambiadores de calor de lecho fluidizado. The rest of the description is dedicated to the support of the heat exchanger 3A. It should be noted that the invention is not limited to external fluidized bed heat exchangers, but can also be used with other fluidized bed heat exchangers.
Como se ilustra en figura 2 y en la figura 3 en una vista en perspectiva, el intercambiador de calor 3A incluye una pluralidad de tubos 7 (cuatro tubos en este ejemplo) en zigzag en un plano vertical. Los tubos 7 pueden tener una sección transversal cuadrada o circular. Cada tubo de serpentín 7 sigue una trayectoria de bustrofedón. Bustrofedón es un tipo de texto bidireccional, sobre todo visto en manuscritos antiguos y en otras inscripciones. Cada renglón de la escritura se rota o se invierte con letras invertidas. En vez de ir de izquierda a derecha, como en inglés moderno, As illustrated in Figure 2 and in Figure 3 in a perspective view, the heat exchanger 3A includes a plurality of tubes 7 (four tubes in this example) zigzag in a vertical plane. The tubes 7 can have a square or circular cross section. Each coil tube 7 follows a bustrofedon path. Bustrofedón is a type of bidirectional text, especially seen in ancient manuscripts and other inscriptions. Each line of the writing is broken or reversed with inverted letters. Instead of going from left to right, as in modern English,
o de derecha a izquierda, como en árabe y hebreo, deben leerse renglones alternos en bustrofedón, en direcciones opuestas. El nombre "bustrofedón" se ha tomado de la lengua griega. Su etimología es de bous, "buey" y strephein, "dar vueltas", porque la mano del escritor va y viene como un buey dibujando un arado en un campo y girando al final de cada fila para volver en la dirección opuesta (es decir, "como los arados de los bueyes"). De esta manera, la trayectoria de tubos va alternativamente de derecha a izquierda y de izquierda a derecha. or from right to left, as in Arabic and Hebrew, alternate lines should be read in bustrofedón, in opposite directions. The name "bustrofedón" has been taken from the Greek language. Its etymology is of bous, "ox" and strephein, "spinning around", because the writer's hand comes and goes like an ox drawing a plow in a field and turning at the end of each row to return in the opposite direction (ie , "like the plows of the oxen"). In this way, the tube path alternately goes from right to left and from left to right.
Dos o más dispositivos distintos 41, 42 separados por un espacio vacío realizan el soporte del conjunto de tubos de los intercambiadores de calor de lecho fluidizado. Un dispositivo 41 está situado en el lado izquierdo del intercambiador y el otro dispositivo 42 está situado en el lado derecho del intercambiador. Cada dispositivo 41, 42 comprende al menos dos soportes verticales 411, 412; 421, 422 separados por un espacio vacío y que son dos tubos colgantes cercanos, junto con soportes de abrazaderas de apriete soldados de manera alternativa, cuya posición se puede adaptar de acuerdo con los resultados de cálculos mecánicos. Los tubos colgantes 411, 412; 421, 422 pueden refrigerarse, como es el caso en los haces de Sobrecalentador de Alta Temperatura (HTS). Alternativamente, los tubos colgantes 411, 412; 421, 422 pueden no ser refrigerados, como es el caso en los haces de Sobrecalentador de Temperatura Intermedia (ITS). Two or more different devices 41, 42 separated by an empty space support the set of tubes of the fluidized bed heat exchangers. One device 41 is located on the left side of the exchanger and the other device 42 is located on the right side of the exchanger. Each device 41, 42 comprises at least two vertical supports 411, 412; 421, 422 separated by an empty space and which are two nearby hanging tubes, together with clamp brackets welded alternately, whose position can be adapted according to the results of mechanical calculations. The hanging tubes 411, 412; 421, 422 can be cooled, as is the case in the High Temperature Superheater (HTS) beams. Alternatively, the hanging tubes 411, 412; 421, 422 may not be refrigerated, as is the case in the Intermediate Temperature Superheater (ITS) beams.
La figura 4 ilustra los puntos de fijación 6 entre los tubos 7 y los tubos verticales 411, 412, 421, 422. Figure 4 illustrates the fixing points 6 between the tubes 7 and the vertical tubes 411, 412, 421, 422.
Como se ilustra en la figura 5, en la que las fijaciones 6 de los tubos 7 se representan con círculos, para cada dispositivo de soporte 41, 42, cada parte horizontal de cada tubo intercambiador 7 se fija a un solo tubo vertical del dispositivo de soporte 41, 42. Esto permite disminuir los esfuerzos de curvatura en el intercambiador. También para disminuir los esfuerzos de curvatura, como se ilustra en la figura 6, para cada dispositivo de soporte 41, 42, dos partes horizontales consecutivas de un tubo 7 (es decir, una parte horizontal del tubo colocada antes de una curva de la trayectoria de bustrofedón y la parte horizontal colocada después de la curva) no están preferiblemente fijadas al mismo tubo vertical. As illustrated in Figure 5, in which the fasteners 6 of the tubes 7 are represented with circles, for each support device 41, 42, each horizontal part of each exchanger tube 7 is fixed to a single vertical tube of the device support 41, 42. This allows to reduce the stress of curvature in the exchanger. Also to decrease the curvature stresses, as illustrated in Figure 6, for each support device 41, 42, two consecutive horizontal parts of a tube 7 (i.e., a horizontal part of the tube placed before a path curve of bustrofedón and the horizontal part placed after the curve) are not preferably fixed to the same vertical tube.
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Una primera realización de fijación que es compatible con estas condiciones preferidas se muestra en la figura 7. En la parte izquierda, el primer dispositivo de soporte 41 comprende dos soportes verticales 411, 412, es decir, un soporte izquierdo 411 y un soporte derecho 412. De la misma manera, en el lado derecho, el segundo dispositivo de soporte 42 comprende dos soportes verticales 421, 422, es decir, un soporte izquierdo 421 y un soporte derecho A first fixing embodiment that is compatible with these preferred conditions is shown in Figure 7. On the left side, the first support device 41 comprises two vertical supports 411, 412, that is, a left support 411 and a right support 412 In the same way, on the right side, the second support device 42 comprises two vertical supports 421, 422, that is, a left support 421 and a right support
422. El haz de tubos comprende cinco tubos 71 a 75. Los tubos 71, 72, 73, 74, 75 siguen una trayectoria de bustrofedón que incluye cuatro curvas A, B, C, D. Naturalmente, el número de tubos y el número de curvas se dan a modo de ejemplo, y una persona experta en la técnica puede elegir un número diferente de tubos y de curvas. 422. The tube bundle comprises five tubes 71 to 75. The tubes 71, 72, 73, 74, 75 follow a bustrophon path that includes four curves A, B, C, D. Naturally, the number of tubes and the number curves are given by way of example, and a person skilled in the art can choose a different number of tubes and curves.
Si se tiene en cuenta el tubo 71 (es decir, un tubo designado con la letra N), este tubo 71 se conecta antes de la curva A al soporte derecho 412 del primer dispositivo de soporte 41 y después de la curva A, al soporte izquierdo 411 del primer dispositivo de soporte 41. Después de la curva A, el tubo 71 se conecta a continuación antes de la curva B al soporte izquierdo 421 del segundo dispositivo de soporte 42 y después de la curva B, al soporte derecho 422 del segundo dispositivo de soporte 42. Después se repite el mismo modo de conexión: el tubo 71 se conecta antes de la curva C al soporte derecho 412 del primer dispositivo de soporte 41 y después de la curva C, al soporte izquierdo 411 del primer dispositivo de soporte 41. El tubo 71 se conecta a continuación, antes de la curva D, al soporte izquierdo 421 del segundo dispositivo de soporte 42 y después de la curva D, al soporte derecho 422 del segundo dispositivo de soporte 42. If tube 71 (ie, a tube designated with the letter N) is taken into account, this tube 71 is connected before curve A to the right support 412 of the first support device 41 and after curve A, to the support left 411 of the first support device 41. After the curve A, the tube 71 is then connected before the curve B to the left support 421 of the second support device 42 and after the curve B, to the right support 422 of the second support device 42. Then the same connection mode is repeated: the tube 71 is connected before curve C to the right support 412 of the first support device 41 and after curve C, to the left support 411 of the first support device 41. The tube 71 is then connected, before curve D, to the left support 421 of the second support device 42 and after curve D, to the right support 422 of the second support device 42.
Los tubos 73 y 75 (es decir, los tubos designados con N + 2) se conectan de la misma forma que para el tubo 71 (un tubo designado con la letra N). Tubes 73 and 75 (that is, tubes designated N + 2) are connected in the same manner as for tube 71 (a tube designated with the letter N).
De acuerdo con esta primera realización, los tubos 72 y 74 (es decir, los tubos designados con N + 1) se conectan de manera opuesta, es decir, una conexión de un tubo N con el soporte derecho 412 del primer dispositivo de soporte 41 se sustituye por un tubo N+1 mediante una conexión con el soporte izquierdo 411 del primer dispositivo de soporte 41 y viceversa. De la misma manera, una conexión de un tubo N con el soporte derecho 422 del segundo dispositivo de soporte 42 se sustituye por un tubo N+1 mediante una conexión con el soporte izquierdo 421 del segundo dispositivo de soporte 41 y viceversa. In accordance with this first embodiment, the tubes 72 and 74 (ie, the tubes designated N + 1) are connected in opposite directions, that is, a connection of a tube N with the right support 412 of the first support device 41 it is replaced by an N + 1 tube by a connection with the left support 411 of the first support device 41 and vice versa. In the same way, a connection of a tube N with the right support 422 of the second support device 42 is replaced by a tube N + 1 by a connection with the left support 421 of the second support device 41 and vice versa.
Una segunda realización se muestra en la figura 8. De acuerdo con esta realización, todos los tubos 71 a 75 se conectan antes de la curva A al soporte derecho 412 del primer dispositivo de soporte 41. Por tanto, todos los tubos 71 a 75 se conectan después de la curva A al soporte izquierdo 411 del primer dispositivo de soporte 41. De la misma manera, todos los tubos 71 a 75 se conectan antes de la curva B y después de la curva A al soporte derecho 422 del segundo dispositivo de soporte 42. De este modo, todos los tubos 71 a 75 se conectan después de la curva B al soporte izquierdo 421 del segundo dispositivo de soporte 42. A second embodiment is shown in Figure 8. According to this embodiment, all tubes 71 to 75 are connected before curve A to the right support 412 of the first support device 41. Thus, all tubes 71 to 75 are they connect after curve A to the left support 411 of the first support device 41. In the same way, all tubes 71 to 75 are connected before curve B and after curve A to the right support 422 of the second support device 42. In this way, all tubes 71 to 75 are connected after curve B to the left support 421 of the second support device 42.
Las figuras 9 y 10 muestran una tercera y una cuarta realización, respectivamente. Por tanto, a un experto en la técnica se le enseña que se pueden realizar diversas configuraciones. Estas configuraciones son compatibles con las dos condiciones ilustradas en las figuras 5 y 6, es decir, 1) para al menos un dispositivo de soporte, y, preferiblemente, para los dos dispositivos de soporte, cada parte horizontal de un tubo intercambiador se fija a un solo tubo vertical del dispositivo de soporte, y 2) para cada dispositivo de soporte, y, preferiblemente, para los dos dispositivos de soporte, dos partes horizontales consecutivas de un tubo intercambiador (es decir, una parte horizontal del tubo que se coloca antes de una curva de la trayectoria de bustrofedón y la parte horizontal que se coloca después de la curva) se fijan a un tubo vertical diferente del dispositivo de soporte. Figures 9 and 10 show a third and fourth embodiment, respectively. Therefore, one skilled in the art is taught that various configurations can be made. These configurations are compatible with the two conditions illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, that is, 1) for at least one support device, and, preferably, for the two support devices, each horizontal part of an exchange tube is fixed to a single vertical tube of the support device, and 2) for each support device, and, preferably, for the two support devices, two consecutive horizontal parts of an exchange tube (i.e., a horizontal part of the tube that is placed before of a curve of the bustrofedon path and the horizontal part that is placed after the curve) are fixed to a different vertical tube of the support device.
4 4
Claims (7)
- 2. 2.
- Caldera de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizada por que un dispositivo de soporte (41) está situado en el lado izquierdo del haz de tubos y por que un dispositivo de soporte (42) está situado en el lado derecho del haz de tubos. Boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that a support device (41) is located on the left side of the tube bundle and that a support device (42) is located on the right side of the tube bundle.
- 3. 3.
- Caldera de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizada por que los tubos que forman los soportes verticales (411, 412; 421, 422) son refrigerados o no refrigerados. Boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubes forming the vertical supports (411, 412; 421, 422) are refrigerated or non-refrigerated.
- 4. Four.
- Caldera de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizada por que, para cada dispositivo de soporte (41, 42), cada parte horizontal de cada tubo (7) del intercambiador de calor (3A) está fijada a un solo soporte vertical (411, 412; 421, 422) del dispositivo de soporte (41, 42). Boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, for each support device (41, 42), each horizontal part of each tube (7) of the heat exchanger (3A) is fixed to a single vertical support (411, 412 ; 421, 422) of the support device (41, 42).
- 5. 5.
- Caldera de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizada por que, para cada dispositivo de soporte (41, 42), dos partes horizontales consecutivas de cada tubo (7) del intercambiador de calor (3A) no están fijadas al mismo soporte vertical (411, 412; 421, 422) del dispositivo de soporte (41, 42). Boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, for each support device (41, 42), two consecutive horizontal parts of each tube (7) of the heat exchanger (3A) are not fixed to the same vertical support (411, 412; 421, 422) of the support device (41, 42).
- 6. 6.
- Caldera de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 5, caracterizada por que, para cada dispositivo de soporte (41, 42), cada parte horizontal de tubo (7) del intercambiador de calor (3A) está fijada a un solo soporte vertical (411, 412; 421, 422) del dispositivo de soporte (41, 42) y por que, para cada dispositivo de soporte (41, 42), dos partes horizontales consecutivas de cada tubo (7) del intercambiador de calor (3A) no están fijadas al mismo soporte vertical (411, 412; 421, 422) del dispositivo de soporte (41, 42). Boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, for each support device (41, 42), each horizontal tube part (7) of the heat exchanger (3A) is fixed to a single vertical support ( 411, 412; 421, 422) of the support device (41, 42) and why, for each support device (41, 42), two consecutive horizontal parts of each tube (7) of the heat exchanger (3A) no they are fixed to the same vertical support (411, 412; 421, 422) of the support device (41, 42).
- 7. 7.
- Caldera de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 6, caracterizada por que la caldera comprende un hogar (1) en el que se mantiene la combustión de partículas sólidas y por que el intercambiador de calor de lecho fluidizado (3A) está colocado fuera del hogar (1). Boiler according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the boiler comprises a home (1) in which the combustion of solid particles is maintained and that the fluidized bed heat exchanger (3A) is placed outside the home (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12194042.3A EP2735791B1 (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2012-11-23 | Boiler having a fluidized bed heat exchanger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2547810T3 true ES2547810T3 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
Family
ID=47263131
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES12194042.3T Active ES2547810T3 (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2012-11-23 | Boiler comprising a fluidized bed heat exchanger |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20140150735A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2735791B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103836615B (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2547810T3 (en) |
| HR (1) | HRP20150975T1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUE025161T2 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2735791T3 (en) |
| RS (1) | RS54251B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9777963B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2017-10-03 | General Electric Company | Method and system for radial tubular heat exchangers |
| US10006369B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2018-06-26 | General Electric Company | Method and system for radial tubular duct heat exchangers |
| US9835380B2 (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2017-12-05 | General Electric Company | Tube in cross-flow conduit heat exchanger |
| US10378835B2 (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2019-08-13 | Unison Industries, Llc | Heat exchanger with non-orthogonal perforations |
| FR3057654B1 (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2019-06-28 | Axens | DEVICE FOR COOLING A SOLID HEATER FOR PRECISELY CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE, THE DEVICE THAT MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH AN ENDOTHERMIC OR EXOTHERMIC PROCESS. |
Family Cites Families (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US826300A (en) * | 1904-10-28 | 1906-07-17 | Howard L Wilson | Pipe-rack. |
| BE531768A (en) * | 1953-09-11 | |||
| US3046957A (en) * | 1958-12-10 | 1962-07-31 | Combustion Eng | Tubular wall arrangement and support therefor |
| AT251607B (en) * | 1963-08-09 | 1967-01-10 | Kohlenscheidungs Gmbh | Bracket for horizontal pipes of heat exchangers on vertical support pipes |
| US3310041A (en) * | 1965-08-04 | 1967-03-21 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Vapor generator heating gas pass tube support and partition wall construction |
| US3741174A (en) * | 1971-05-27 | 1973-06-26 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Tube supports |
| US4192374A (en) * | 1977-02-04 | 1980-03-11 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Heat exchangers |
| US4286366A (en) * | 1977-12-23 | 1981-09-01 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method for the construction of a baffled heat exchanger |
| US4307777A (en) * | 1979-11-30 | 1981-12-29 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Heat exchanger tube support |
| US4342360A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1982-08-03 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Rod baffled heat exchanger |
| US4421070A (en) * | 1982-06-25 | 1983-12-20 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Steam cooled hanger tube for horizontal superheaters and reheaters |
| FR2555722B1 (en) * | 1983-11-25 | 1988-07-29 | Stein Industrie | DEVICE FOR SUSPENDING A BEAM OF HORIZONTAL TUBES IN A VERTICAL PLANE, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THIS DEVICE |
| US4480594A (en) * | 1984-02-21 | 1984-11-06 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Economizer support |
| US4827723A (en) * | 1988-02-18 | 1989-05-09 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Integrated gas turbine power generation system and process |
| US5012767A (en) * | 1989-10-03 | 1991-05-07 | Leighton Industries, Inc. | Heat exchanger tube spacers |
| DE4032973A1 (en) * | 1990-10-17 | 1992-04-23 | Steinmueller Gmbh L & C | Heating surfaces for steam boiler - are formed by coils of pipe supported by straps with slots to receive pipes |
| FR2767380B1 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-09-24 | Gec Alsthom Stein Ind | HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE FOR A FLUIDIZED BED CIRCULATING BOILER |
| FR2767379B1 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-11-12 | Gec Alsthom Stein Ind | EXTERNAL DENSE FLUIDIZED BED BOILER |
| US6178926B1 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2001-01-30 | Foster Wheeler Corporation | Double-fired horizontal tube heater |
| JP2003114001A (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-04-18 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Support structure of immersed heat exchanger tube |
| US7028765B2 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2006-04-18 | Trico Non-Ferrous Metal Products, Inc. | Heat exchanger tube support |
| CN201964397U (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-09-07 | 太原锅炉集团有限公司 | Pipe protecting device for coal economizer |
| US9488419B2 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2016-11-08 | Amar Siri Wanni | Tube support for vibration mitigation |
-
2012
- 2012-11-23 ES ES12194042.3T patent/ES2547810T3/en active Active
- 2012-11-23 PL PL12194042T patent/PL2735791T3/en unknown
- 2012-11-23 HU HUE12194042A patent/HUE025161T2/en unknown
- 2012-11-23 RS RS20150603A patent/RS54251B1/en unknown
- 2012-11-23 EP EP12194042.3A patent/EP2735791B1/en active Active
-
2013
- 2013-11-22 CN CN201310592277.3A patent/CN103836615B/en active Active
- 2013-11-22 US US14/087,435 patent/US20140150735A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2015
- 2015-09-16 HR HRP20150975TT patent/HRP20150975T1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103836615B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
| HRP20150975T1 (en) | 2015-10-09 |
| PL2735791T3 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
| US20140150735A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
| RS54251B1 (en) | 2016-02-29 |
| EP2735791A1 (en) | 2014-05-28 |
| HUE025161T2 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
| CN103836615A (en) | 2014-06-04 |
| EP2735791B1 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
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