ES2522666T3 - Molding method to manufacture a workpiece - Google Patents

Molding method to manufacture a workpiece Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2522666T3
ES2522666T3 ES10006798.2T ES10006798T ES2522666T3 ES 2522666 T3 ES2522666 T3 ES 2522666T3 ES 10006798 T ES10006798 T ES 10006798T ES 2522666 T3 ES2522666 T3 ES 2522666T3
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Prior art keywords
closed mold
oxygen
mold cavity
cavity
gas
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ES10006798.2T
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Spanish (es)
Inventor
Karsten Schibsbye
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C39/10—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. casting around inserts or for coating articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
    • B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00—Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • B29C31/04—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/005—Using a particular environment, e.g. sterile fluids other than air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2709/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2703/00 - B29K2707/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2709/02—Ceramics
    • B29K2709/04—Carbides; Nitrides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
    • B29L2031/082—Blades, e.g. for helicopters
    • B29L2031/085—Wind turbine blades
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49336—Blade making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49336—Blade making
    • Y10T29/49337—Composite blade
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49982—Coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49982—Coating
    • Y10T29/49984—Coating and casting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31645—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

Abstract

Método de fabricación de una pieza de trabajo que comprende las etapas de: - preparar fibra (4) de vidrio en un molde (1, 2), - preparar una cavidad (7) de molde cerrado alrededor de la fibra (4) de vidrio, - purgar la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado con un gas libre de oxígeno, - inyectar resina en la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado, y - curar la pieza de trabajo moldeada, caracterizado porque la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado se purga con el gas libre de oxígeno hasta que la concentración de oxígeno en el gas que sale de la cavidad de molde cerrado durante el purgado con el gas libre de oxígeno está por debajo de un valor predefinido.Method of manufacturing a workpiece comprising the steps of: - preparing glass fiber (4) in a mold (1, 2), - preparing a closed mold cavity (7) around the glass fiber (4) , - purge the closed mold cavity (7) with an oxygen-free gas, - inject resin into the closed mold cavity (7), and - cure the molded workpiece, characterized in that the closed mold cavity (7) It is purged with the oxygen free gas until the concentration of oxygen in the gas leaving the closed mold cavity during purging with the oxygen free gas is below a predefined value.

Description

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MÉTODO DE MOLDEO PARA FABRICAR UNA PIEZA DE TRABAJO MOLDING METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A WORK PIECE

DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION

La presente invención se refiere a un método de fabricación de una pieza de trabajo, especialmente una pala de rotor de turbina eólica. Además se refiere a una pieza de trabajo, por ejemplo una pala de rotor de turbina eólica. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a workpiece, especially a wind turbine rotor blade. It also refers to a workpiece, for example a wind turbine rotor blade.

Numerosas piezas de trabajo, especialmente piezas de trabajo que comprenden estructuras laminadas como por ejemplo palas de rotor de turbina eólica, se fabrican habitualmente moldeando resina en un molde cerrado con superposiciones de capas de fibra de vidrio. Un tipo de resina que puede usarse para fabricar piezas de trabajo como palas de rotor de turbina eólica es la resina de poliéster. La resina de poliéster es una resina muy moldeable que puede usarse en superposiciones de capas de fibra de vidrio para la producción de palas de rotor de turbina eólica. El tiempo de curado de la resina puede controlarse añadiendo cantidades de un catalizador. Sin embargo, una dificultad relacionada con el uso de resina de poliéster es que esta resina tiene muy mal olor, al igual que las piezas recién moldeadas y el espacio de trabajo usado. Numerous work pieces, especially work pieces comprising laminated structures such as wind turbine rotor blades, are usually manufactured by molding resin in a closed mold with overlays of fiberglass layers. One type of resin that can be used to make workpieces such as wind turbine rotor blades is polyester resin. Polyester resin is a very moldable resin that can be used in fiberglass layer overlays for the production of wind turbine rotor blades. The curing time of the resin can be controlled by adding amounts of a catalyst. However, a difficulty related to the use of polyester resin is that this resin has a very bad smell, just like the newly molded parts and the used workspace.

En el documento WO 96/04124 se da a conocer un procedimiento para producir piezas moldeadas con propiedades tecnológicas definidas y reproducibles mediante la polimerización de lactamas en moldes. Durante el procedimiento de fabricación el molde cerrado se purga con nitrógeno. WO 96/04124 discloses a process for producing molded parts with defined and reproducible technological properties by polymerizing lactams in molds. During the manufacturing process the closed mold is purged with nitrogen.

Por tanto, es un objetivo de la presente invención proporcionar un método de fabricación de una pieza de trabajo que reduzca las dificultades mencionadas. Therefore, it is an objective of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a workpiece that reduces the aforementioned difficulties.

El objetivo se soluciona mediante un método de fabricación de una pieza de trabajo según la reivindicación 1. Las reivindicaciones dependientes definen desarrollos adicionales de la presente invención. The objective is solved by a method of manufacturing a workpiece according to claim 1. The dependent claims define further developments of the present invention.

El método de fabricación de una pieza de trabajo de la invención comprende las etapas de preparar fibra de vidrio en un molde, preparar una cavidad de molde cerrado alrededor de la fibra de vidrio, purgar la cavidad de molde cerrado con un gas libre de oxígeno, inyectar resina en la cavidad de molde cerrado y curar la pieza de trabajo moldeada. El método de la invención elimina sustancialmente las dificultades descritas de la técnica anterior del moldeo, especialmente con resina de poliéster. The method of manufacturing a workpiece of the invention comprises the steps of preparing fiberglass in a mold, preparing a closed mold cavity around the glass fiber, purging the closed mold cavity with an oxygen free gas, inject resin into the closed mold cavity and cure the molded workpiece. The method of the invention substantially eliminates the difficulties described in the prior art of molding, especially with polyester resin.

Ventajosamente la etapa de purgar la cavidad de molde cerrado con un gas libre de oxígeno puede realizarse antes de inyectar resina en la cavidad de molde cerrado. Purgar la cavidad con un gas libre de oxígeno antes de inyectar la resina, por ejemplo resina de poliéster, tiene como resultado que la pieza de trabajo moldeada no huele mal. Al menos se reduce drásticamente el mal olor. El mal olor puede darse si hay oxígeno presente durante la inyección de resina, especialmente resina de poliéster, y el curado. Además, el método de moldeo de la invención tiene el efecto adicional positivo de que la superficie de la pieza moldeada, por ejemplo la pala de rotor moldeada, obtiene un mejor curado. Advantageously the step of purging the closed mold cavity with an oxygen free gas can be performed before injecting resin into the closed mold cavity. Purging the cavity with an oxygen-free gas before injecting the resin, for example polyester resin, results in the molded workpiece not smelling bad. At least the bad smell is drastically reduced. The bad smell can occur if oxygen is present during resin injection, especially polyester resin, and curing. In addition, the molding method of the invention has the additional positive effect that the surface of the molded part, for example the molded rotor blade, obtains a better cure.

Por ejemplo, la etapa de preparar fibra de vidrio en el molde puede comprender una etapa de colocar varias capas de fibra de vidrio en el molde. De manera adicional, pueden colocarse capas adicionales de otro material distinto a la fibra de vidrio en el molde, por ejemplo para aumentar la estabilidad de la pieza de trabajo. Preferiblemente, la pieza de trabajo puede ser una pala de rotor de turbina eólica. For example, the step of preparing fiberglass in the mold may comprise a step of placing several layers of fiberglass in the mold. Additionally, additional layers of material other than fiberglass can be placed in the mold, for example to increase the stability of the workpiece. Preferably, the workpiece may be a wind turbine rotor blade.

El gas libre de oxígeno usado para purgar la cavidad de molde cerrado puede ser ventajosamente un gas no activo, lo que significa que tiene una reactividad química reducida. Preferiblemente, la cavidad de molde cerrado puede purgarse con un gas inerte, por ejemplo nitrógeno. The oxygen-free gas used to purge the closed mold cavity can advantageously be a non-active gas, which means that it has a reduced chemical reactivity. Preferably, the closed mold cavity can be purged with an inert gas, for example nitrogen.

La cavidad de molde cerrado puede sustituirse completamente, por ejemplo, por el gas libre de oxígeno. Esto reduce de manera eficaz las reacciones químicas entre el gas en la cavidad de molde cerrado y la resina inyectada. Por tanto, se reduce el mal olor de la pieza de trabajo moldeada. The closed mold cavity can be completely replaced, for example, by oxygen free gas. This effectively reduces the chemical reactions between the gas in the closed mold cavity and the injected resin. Therefore, the bad smell of the molded workpiece is reduced.

Durante el purgado con el gas libre de oxígeno, el gas, por ejemplo aire, en el interior de la cavidad de molde cerrado sale de la cavidad de molde cerrado. La concentración de oxígeno en el gas que sale de la cavidad de molde cerrado durante el purgado con el gas libre de oxígeno puede monitorizarse. La cavidad de molde cerrado puede comprender una salida para el gas que sale de la cavidad de molde cerrado durante el purgado con el gas libre de oxígeno. Preferiblemente, la concentración de oxígeno se monitoriza en esta salida. Ventajosamente, la concentración de oxígeno puede monitorizarse mediante un monitor de contenido de oxígeno. During purging with the oxygen-free gas, the gas, for example air, inside the closed mold cavity leaves the closed mold cavity. The concentration of oxygen in the gas leaving the closed mold cavity during purging with the oxygen-free gas can be monitored. The closed mold cavity may comprise an outlet for the gas exiting the closed mold cavity during purging with the oxygen free gas. Preferably, the oxygen concentration is monitored at this output. Advantageously, the oxygen concentration can be monitored by an oxygen content monitor.

La cavidad de molde cerrado se purga con el gas libre de oxígeno hasta que la concentración de oxígeno en el gas que sale de la cavidad de molde cerrado durante el purgado con el gas libre de oxígeno está por debajo de un valor predefinido. Ventajosamente, la cavidad de molde cerrado se purga hasta que se elimina totalmente el oxígeno en el gas que sale. The closed mold cavity is purged with the oxygen free gas until the concentration of oxygen in the gas leaving the closed mold cavity during purging with the oxygen free gas is below a predefined value. Advantageously, the closed mold cavity is purged until oxygen is completely eliminated in the gas that exits.

En la cavidad de molde cerrado puede inyectarse una resina, especialmente una resina que comprende estireno, por A resin, especially a resin comprising styrene, can be injected into the closed mold cavity, by

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ejemplo resina de poliéster y/o resina de éster vinílico. Generalmente, el tiempo de curado de la resina puede controlarse añadiendo un catalizador. example polyester resin and / or vinyl ester resin. Generally, the curing time of the resin can be controlled by adding a catalyst.

Características, propiedades y ventajas adicionales de la presente invención resultarán evidentes a partir de la siguiente descripción de una realización junto con los dibujos adjuntos. Generalmente, todas las características mencionadas son ventajosas por sí solas y en cualquier combinación entre sí. Additional features, properties and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of an embodiment together with the accompanying drawings. Generally, all the mentioned features are advantageous by themselves and in any combination with each other.

La figura 1 muestra esquemáticamente una vista en sección de un molde cerrado para fabricar una pala de rotor de turbina eólica. Figure 1 schematically shows a sectional view of a closed mold for manufacturing a wind turbine rotor blade.

La figura 2 muestra esquemáticamente una vista en sección de un molde cerrado para fabricar una pala de rotor de turbina eólica durante el procedimiento de purgado. Figure 2 schematically shows a sectional view of a closed mold for manufacturing a wind turbine rotor blade during the purging procedure.

A continuación se describirá una realización de la presente invención con referencia a las figuras 1 y 2. Las dimensiones de los objetos en las figuras se han elegido por motivos de claridad y no reflejan necesariamente las dimensiones relativas. An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to Figures 1 and 2. The dimensions of the objects in the figures have been chosen for reasons of clarity and do not necessarily reflect the relative dimensions.

La figura 1 muestra esquemáticamente una vista en sección de un molde cerrado para fabricar una pala de rotor de turbina eólica. Para fabricar una pala de rotor de turbina eólica se prepara fibra de vidrio, preferiblemente varias capas 4 de fibra de vidrio, en un molde. El molde comprende un elemento 1 de molde superior, un elemento 2 de molde inferior y un elemento 3 de núcleo. Figure 1 schematically shows a sectional view of a closed mold for manufacturing a wind turbine rotor blade. To make a wind turbine rotor blade, glass fiber, preferably several layers 4 of fiberglass, is prepared in a mold. The mold comprises an upper mold element 1, a lower mold element 2 and a core element 3.

En primer lugar, se depositan varias capas 4 de fibra de vidrio en el interior del elemento 2 de molde inferior. Entonces se deposita un elemento 3 de núcleo sobre las capas 4 de fibra de vidrio en el elemento 2 de molde inferior. Después se depositan varias capas 4 de fibra de vidrio sobre el elemento 3 de núcleo y se preparan alrededor del elemento 3 de núcleo. Tras ello se cierra el molde colocando el elemento 1 superior sobre el elemento 2 de molde inferior. First, several layers 4 of fiberglass are deposited inside the lower mold element 2. A core element 3 is then deposited on the fiberglass layers 4 in the lower mold element 2. Then several layers 4 of fiberglass are deposited on the core element 3 and prepared around the core element 3. After that, the mold is closed by placing the upper element 1 on the lower mold element 2.

El molde cerrado que comprende el elemento 2 de molde inferior y el elemento 1 de molde superior comprende una cavidad 7 interna. La cavidad 7 interna está llena de aire. Además, el molde cerrado comprende una abertura 5 de entrada y una abertura 6 de salida. The closed mold comprising the lower mold element 2 and the upper mold element 1 comprises an internal cavity 7. The internal cavity 7 is full of air. In addition, the closed mold comprises an inlet opening 5 and an outlet opening 6.

La figura 2 muestra esquemáticamente el molde en una vista en sección durante el procedimiento de purgado. En la figura 2 se usa la entrada 5 para inyectar un gas libre de oxígeno, especialmente un gas inerte, por ejemplo nitrógeno, en la cavidad 7 interna. El sentido de flujo del gas inyectado se indica mediante una flecha 8. El aire en la cavidad 7 interna se purga fuera de la cavidad 7 interna a través de la salida 6. El sentido de flujo del gas que sale de la cavidad 7 interna se indica mediante una flecha 9. Purgando la cavidad de molde cerrado con gas libre de oxígeno, por ejemplo nitrógeno, se garantiza que sustancialmente todo el aire en la cavidad 7 de molde cerrado se sustituya por el gas inyectado, por ejemplo nitrógeno. Figure 2 schematically shows the mold in a sectional view during the purging procedure. In Figure 2, the inlet 5 is used to inject an oxygen free gas, especially an inert gas, for example nitrogen, into the internal cavity 7. The direction of flow of the injected gas is indicated by an arrow 8. The air in the internal cavity 7 is purged out of the internal cavity 7 through the outlet 6. The flow direction of the gas leaving the internal cavity 7 is indicated by an arrow 9. By purging the closed mold cavity with oxygen-free gas, for example nitrogen, it is guaranteed that substantially all of the air in the closed mold cavity 7 is replaced by the injected gas, for example nitrogen.

En la salida 6 está ubicado un monitor 10 de contenido de oxígeno. Al purgar la cavidad de molde cerrado con el gas libre de oxígeno, la salida 6 del molde cerrado se monitoriza mediante el monitor 10 de contenido de oxígeno. De ese modo se monitoriza el nivel de oxígeno en el aire purgado. Preferiblemente, la cavidad 7 se purga hasta que el oxígeno se elimina totalmente o está por debajo del nivel predefinido. Esto puede conseguirse preferiblemente midiendo la concentración de oxígeno en el gas que sale de la salida 6 en el sentido 9 de flujo. At the outlet 6 an oxygen content monitor 10 is located. By purging the closed mold cavity with the oxygen-free gas, the outlet 6 of the closed mold is monitored by the oxygen content monitor 10. In this way the level of oxygen in the purged air is monitored. Preferably, the cavity 7 is purged until the oxygen is completely removed or is below the predefined level. This can preferably be achieved by measuring the concentration of oxygen in the gas leaving the outlet 6 in the flow direction 9.

Tras purgar la cavidad de molde cerrado con, por ejemplo, nitrógeno se inyecta una resina en la cavidad 7 de molde cerrado. La resina usada puede comprender estireno. Puede ser preferiblemente resina de poliéster. Alternativamente, puede inyectarse resina de éster vinílico en la cavidad 7 de molde cerrado. Tras ello, se cura la estructura moldeada. After purging the closed mold cavity with, for example, nitrogen, a resin is injected into the closed mold cavity 7. The resin used may comprise styrene. It may preferably be polyester resin. Alternatively, vinyl ester resin can be injected into the closed mold cavity 7. After that, the molded structure is cured.

Debido al hecho de que la resina inyectada no entra en contacto con oxígeno o cualquier otro gas químicamente reactivo durante su inyección o curado, la estructura o pieza de trabajo moldeada, por ejemplo la pala de rotor de turbina eólica fabricada, no huele mal. Al menos, se reduce drásticamente su, por el contrario, mal olor. Además, el método de moldeo descrito tiene el efecto adicional positivo de que la superficie de la pieza de trabajo moldeada, por ejemplo la pala de rotor de turbina eólica, obtiene un mejor curado. Due to the fact that the injected resin does not come into contact with oxygen or any other chemically reactive gas during its injection or curing, the molded structure or workpiece, for example the wind turbine rotor blade manufactured, does not smell bad. At least, its bad smell is drastically reduced. In addition, the molding method described has the additional positive effect that the surface of the molded workpiece, for example the wind turbine rotor blade, obtains a better cure.

De manera adicional, el tiempo de curado de la resina puede controlarse añadiendo cantidades de un catalizador. Additionally, the curing time of the resin can be controlled by adding amounts of a catalyst.

3 3

Claims (8)

E10006798 E10006798 30-10-2014 10-30-2014 REIVINDICACIONES 1. Método de fabricación de una pieza de trabajo que comprende las etapas de: 1. Method of manufacturing a workpiece comprising the stages of: 5 -preparar fibra (4) de vidrio en un molde (1, 2), -preparar una cavidad (7) de molde cerrado alrededor de la fibra (4) de vidrio, -purgar la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado con un gas libre de oxígeno, 5-prepare fiber (4) glass in a mold (1, 2), -prepare a cavity (7) of closed mold around the fiber (4) glass, -purge the cavity (7) of closed mold with a oxygen free gas, 10 -inyectar resina en la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado, y -curar la pieza de trabajo moldeada, 10 -inject resin into the closed mold cavity (7), and -create the molded workpiece, 15 caracterizado porque la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado se purga con el gas libre de oxígeno hasta que la concentración de oxígeno en el gas que sale de la cavidad de molde cerrado durante el purgado con el gas libre de oxígeno está por debajo de un valor predefinido. 15 characterized in that the closed mold cavity (7) is purged with the oxygen free gas until the concentration of oxygen in the gas leaving the closed mold cavity during purging with the oxygen free gas is below a predefined value. 20 twenty
2. 2.
Método según la reivindicación 1, en el que se colocan varias capas (4) de fibra de vidrio en el molde (1, 2). Method according to claim 1, wherein several layers (4) of fiberglass are placed in the mold (1, 2).
3. 3.
Método según la reivindicación 1 ó 2, en el que la pieza de trabajo es una pala de rotor de turbina eólica. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the workpiece is a wind turbine rotor blade.
25 4. Método según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, en el que la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado se purga con un gas inerte. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the closed mold cavity (7) is purged with an inert gas.
5. Método según la reivindicación 4, en el que la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado se purga con nitrógeno. 5. Method according to claim 4, wherein the closed mold cavity (7) is purged with nitrogen.
30 6. Método según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 5, en el que el aire en la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado se sustituye completamente por el gas libre de oxígeno. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the air in the closed mold cavity (7) is completely replaced by the oxygen free gas.
7. Método según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 6, en el que se monitoriza la concentración de oxígeno 7. Method according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the oxygen concentration is monitored en el gas que sale de la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado durante el purgado con el gas libre de oxígeno. 35 in the gas leaving the cavity (7) of the closed mold during purging with the oxygen free gas. 35 8. Método según la reivindicación 7, en el que la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado comprende una salida (6) para el gas que sale de la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado durante el purgado con el gas libre de oxígeno y se monitoriza la concentración de oxígeno en la salida (6). A method according to claim 7, wherein the closed mold cavity (7) comprises an outlet (6) for the gas leaving the closed mold cavity (7) during purging with the oxygen free gas and being monitors the oxygen concentration at the outlet (6). 40 9. Método según la reivindicación 7 u 8, en el que se monitoriza la concentración de oxígeno mediante un monitor (10) de contenido de oxígeno. Method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the oxygen concentration is monitored by an oxygen content monitor (10). 10. Método según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 9, en el que se inyecta resina que comprende estireno 10. Method according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein resin comprising styrene is injected en la cavidad (7) de molde cerrado. 45 in the cavity (7) of closed mold. Four. Five 11. Método según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 10, en el que el tiempo de curado de la resina se controla añadiendo un catalizador. 11. Method according to any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the curing time of the resin is controlled by adding a catalyst. 4 4
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EP2402148A1 (en) 2012-01-04
CA2744639A1 (en) 2011-12-30
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CN102310569B (en) 2016-05-18
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BRPI1103157A2 (en) 2012-12-25
US9032621B2 (en) 2015-05-19

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