ES2425714A1 - Method for the label-free identification of viruses and bacteria, using compact disc technology - Google Patents

Method for the label-free identification of viruses and bacteria, using compact disc technology Download PDF

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ES2425714A1
ES2425714A1 ES201230377A ES201230377A ES2425714A1 ES 2425714 A1 ES2425714 A1 ES 2425714A1 ES 201230377 A ES201230377 A ES 201230377A ES 201230377 A ES201230377 A ES 201230377A ES 2425714 A1 ES2425714 A1 ES 2425714A1
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bacteria
virus
disc
disk
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ES2425714B1 (en
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Angel MAQUIEIRA CATALÀ
Sergi Beñat MORAIS EZQUERRO
Rosa PUCHADES PLÀ
Luis Antonio TORTAJADA GENARO
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Universidad Politecnica de Valencia
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N21/82Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a precipitate or turbidity
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • G01N33/551Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals the carrier being inorganic
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/569Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
    • G01N33/56911Bacteria
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/569Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
    • G01N33/56983Viruses

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a rapid analysis method for the label-free identification and detection of Gram + and Gram - bacteria and/or viruses that may or may not be antibiotic resistant, using audio-video discs (CD, DVD, BD, Lightscribe, Superdisk, etc.) as a support for immobilising specific molecular receptors of biomolecules present on the surface of the bacteria and/or viruses, using a disc player/recorder (CD, DVD, BD, Lightscribe, etc.) as a detector. The invention comprises three main processes: resuspension of the viruses and/or bacteria, incubation on the disc, and label-free detection using a compact disc player/recorder (CD, DVD, BD, etc.). The invention has been designed to identify receptors or bioreceptors immobilised separately on the polycarbonate face of the disc in known ordered positions, forming a micro-array. The specific bioreceptors of biomolecules present on the surface the viruses and/or bacteria can be, for example, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.

Description

5 SECTOR DE LA TECNICA 5   TECHNICAL SECTOR  

La presente invencion se centra en el sector de la biotecnologia, en concreto en el analisis para la identificacion y deteccion de bacterias y/o virus sin marcaje. Las principales aplicaciones de la invencion ocurren en la vigilancia epidemiologica, control de calidad de agua y aire, y en general cualquier area que implique la deteccion de bacterias mediante interacciones bioespecificas basadas en la utilizacion de receptores moleculares separados y ordenados sobre un soporte. The present invention focuses on the biotechnology sector, specifically in the analysis for the identification and detection of bacteria and / or viruses without labeling. The main applications of the invention occur in epidemiological surveillance, quality control of water and air, and in general any area that involves the detection of bacteria by biospecific interactions based on the use of separate and ordered molecular receptors on a support.

15 ESTADO DE LA TECNICA ANTERIOR  15 STATE OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE

La tecnologia de deteccion y/o identificacion de bacterias y virus utilizando discos opticos como soportes, y lectores/grabadores de discos como detectores es conocida en el estado de la tecnica. ES2288429B2 (Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, 2006) describe un metodo de modificacion quimica de un disco compacto, destinado como soporte para la inmovilizacion covalente de biomoleculas, manteniendo al maximo las propiedades opticas y mecanicas del disco compacto. La inmovilizacion covalente de las biomoleculas se realiza en un orden y disposicion establecidos constituyendo un array o microarray sobre la superficie polimerica del disco compacto. Los enlaces covalentes del metodo descrito en ES2288429B2, en la  The technology of detection and / or identification of bacteria and viruses using optical discs as supports, and disc readers / recorders as detectors is known in the state of the art. ES2288429B2 (Polytechnic University of Valencia, 2006) describes a method of chemical modification of a compact disk, intended as a support for the covalent immobilization of biomolecules, while maintaining the maximum optical and mechanical properties of the compact disk. The covalent immobilization of the biomolecules is carried out in an established order and arrangement constituting an array or microarray on the polymer surface of the compact disk. The covalent bonds of the method described in ES2288429B2, in the

25 mayoria de los casos son irreversibles. El enlace covalente es mas perdurable en el tiempo comparado con las interacciones electrostaticas asi como las interacciones hidrofilas/hidrofobas, permitiendo que el tipo de union de las biomoleculas a la superficie polimerica sea mas fuerte para resistir mejor los lavados. Las biomoleculas se encuentran marcadas para su deteccion directa o indirecta mediante la conjugacion con un fluorocromo o con una enzima. EP1324042A2 (Jose Reclame, 2001) describe un metodo para la deteccion y/o cuantificacion de moleculas ancladas a moleculas de captura que se encuentran fijadas en la superficie de un disco compacto mediante costosos y complicados medios. El metodo descrito permite realizar lecturas y/o detecciones biologicas en una cara del disco mientras que en la otra se pueden efectuar lecturas o grabaciones de las senales de 25 most cases are irreversible. The covalent bond is more durable over time compared to electrostatic interactions as well as hydrophilic / hydrophobic interactions, allowing the type of union of biomolecules to the polymeric surface to be stronger to better resist washing. Biomolecules are marked for direct or indirect detection by conjugation with a fluorochrome or with an enzyme. EP1324042A2 (Jose Reclame, 2001) describes a method for the detection and / or quantification of molecules anchored to capture molecules that are fixed on the surface of a compact disk by expensive and complicated means. The described method allows readings and / or biological detections to be made on one side of the disc while on the other one you can make readings or recordings of the signals of

35 fluorescencia obtenidas. ES2304093A1 (Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, 2006) describe un sistema integrado de almacenamiento de datos para analisis quimico de muestras y para deteccion y almacenamiento de los resultados analiticos. El sistema descrito es capaz de capturar los resultados analiticos obtenidos en una cara de un disco de almacenamiento de datos y obtener su transposicion en datos digitales para su posterior procesamiento y/o grabado en la otra cara del disco. El sistema comprende un disco compacto (CD/DVD) como soporte asi como un lector/grabador de CD/DVD para la deteccion de las senales de fluorescencia. Existe un creciente interes por los metodos de caracterizacion de moleculas mediante tecnicas sin marcaje 35 fluorescence obtained. ES2304093A1 (Polytechnic University of Valencia, 2006) describes an integrated data storage system for chemical analysis of samples and for detection and storage of analytical results. The described system is capable of capturing the analytical results obtained on one side of a data storage disk and obtaining its transposition into digital data for further processing and / or recording on the other side of the disk. The system comprises a compact disc (CD / DVD) as a support as well as a CD / DVD reader / writer for the detection of fluorescence signals. There is a growing interest in the methods of characterization of molecules through techniques without labeling

45 (label-free). Habitualmente el proceso de deteccion o reconocimiento de moleculas se realiza mediante tecnicas que requieren elementos de marcado tales como colorantes fluorescentes, enzimas, isotopos radioactivos, etc. Sin embargo, los protocolos asociados al proceso de marcaje de estas moleculas para su deteccion implican mayor tiempo y mayor coste economico. Por ello se espera que los sistemas de deteccion e identificacion de moleculas sin marcado crezcan en importancia en sectores como el clinico, biofarmaceutico, medioambiental, seguridad, entre otros debido a su sencillez, sensibilidad, ahorro de reactivos y analitos, y en definitiva, menor coste por deteccion. US2007/0026382A1 (ALIX YALE & RISTAS LLP, 2006) describe un metodo alternativo a la citometria de flujo para deteccion de fenotipos y determinacion de respuestas funcionales en las celulas, basado en una 45 (label-free). Usually the process of detection or recognition of molecules is carried out by techniques that require labeling elements such as fluorescent dyes, enzymes, radioactive isotopes, etc. However, the protocols associated with the process of labeling these molecules for their detection imply greater time and greater economic cost. Therefore, it is expected that detection systems and identification of unlabeled molecules will grow in importance in sectors such as clinical, biopharmaceutical, environmental, safety, among others due to their simplicity, sensitivity, saving of reagents and analytes, and ultimately, lower cost per detection. US2007 / 0026382A1 (ALIX YALE & RISTAS LLP, 2006) describes an alternative method to flow cytometry for detection of phenotypes and determination of functional responses in cells, based on a

55 tecnologia sin marcaje, sobre una superficie biosensible, que puede ser un chip o una placa (biosensor chip), de manera preferente recubierta de oro. La superficie biosensible descrita comprende un array de ligandos de captura especifica para marcadores de la superficie celular de manera que un fenotipo especifico se correlaciona con una localizacion de interaccion especifica sobre el chip. El tipo de celulas que se puede analizar incluye celulas animales, vegetales y bacterias. La lectura de la interaccion entre las celulas y los ligandos de captura especifica se realiza mediante una camara CCD o una camara CMOS. A pesar de los diferentes procedimientos descritos en el estado de la tecnica, actualmente existe la necesidad de desarrollar un metodo de analisis rapido sin marcaje para la identificacion y deteccion de bacterias y virus, basado en tecnologias de disco compacto. 55 technology without marking, on a biosensitive surface, which can be a chip or a plate (biosensor chip), preferably coated with gold. The biosensitive surface described comprises an array of specific capture ligands for cell surface markers so that a specific phenotype correlates with a specific interaction location on the chip. The type of cells that can be analyzed includes animal, plant and bacterial cells. The interaction between the cells and the specific capture ligands is read by means of a CCD camera or a CMOS camera. Despite the different procedures described in the state of the art, there is currently a need to develop a rapid analysis method without labeling for the identification and detection of bacteria and viruses, based on compact disc technologies.

BREVE DESCRIPCION DE LA INVENCION BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

La presente invencion comprende una metodologia de analisis rapido para la identificacion y deteccion sin marcaje de virus y bacterias Gram + y Gram -, resistentes o no a antibioticos, utilizando como soporte discos The present invention comprises a rapid analysis methodology for the identification and detection without labeling of Gram + and Gram - viruses and bacteria, resistant or not to antibiotics, using discs as support

5 audio-video (CD, DVD, BD, Lightscribe, Superdisk, etc.) donde inmovilizar receptores moleculares especificos de biomoleculas presentes en la superficie de las bacterias y/o virus, empleando como detector un lector/grabador de discos (CD, DVD, BD, Lightscribe, etc.). La presente invencion ha sido disenada para identificar receptores o bioreceptores inmovilizados separados en la cara de policarbonato del disco y en posiciones conocidas y ordenadas, formando una micromatriz. Los bioreceptores especificos de biomoleculas presentes en la superficie de virus y/o bacterias pueden ser por ejemplo polisacaridos, proteinas, lipidos y acidos nucleicos. 5 audio-video (CD, DVD, BD, Lightscribe, Superdisk, etc.) where to immobilize specific molecular receptors of biomolecules present on the surface of bacteria and / or viruses, using as a detector a disc reader / writer (CD, DVD , BD, Lightscribe, etc.). The present invention has been designed to identify immobilized receptors or bioreceptors separated on the polycarbonate face of the disk and in known and orderly positions, forming a microarray. The specific bioreceptors of biomolecules present on the surface of viruses and / or bacteria can be for example polysaccharides, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.

Como realizacion preferente, la presente invencion se ha aplicado en la identificacion y deteccion sin marcaje de una suspension de neumococos (Strepcococcus pneumoniae) previamente aislada de una muestra clinica As a preferred embodiment, the present invention has been applied in the identification and detection without labeling of a pneumococcal suspension (Strepcococcus pneumoniae) previously isolated from a clinical sample

15 y crecida en medio solidos, asi como de una suspension de Escherichia coli y de Salmonella spp. Para ello, la invencion se ha disenado para identificar polisacaridos especificos presentes en la superficie de dichas bacterias, utilizando microarrays de antisueros. 15 and grown in solids, as well as a suspension of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. For this, the invention has been designed to identify specific polysaccharides present on the surface of said bacteria, using microarrays of antisera.

DESCRIPCION DETALLADA DE LA INVENCION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

De manera general, el metodo de identificacion y/o deteccion de virus y/o bacterias objeto de la presente invencion comprende las siguientes etapas esenciales: In general, the method of identification and / or detection of viruses and / or bacteria object of the present invention comprises the following essential steps:

--
resuspension de las bacterias y/o los virus contenidos en la muestra problema, 25 - incubacion en disco compacto, y  resuspension of bacteria and / or viruses contained in the test sample, 25 - compact disc incubation, and

--
deteccion sin marcaje empleando un lector/grabador de discos.  unlabeled detection using a disc reader / writer.

Resuspensi6n de las bacterias ylo los virus contenidos en la muestra problema Resuspensation of bacteria and viruses contained in the test sample

Se parte de una muestra problema (a partir de ahora "muestra") ya obtenida, por ejemplo una muestra clinica, recogida por ejemplo en una placa tipo Petri y previamente incubada en un medio solido (por ejemplo en agar-sangre, agar chocolate, etc.), durante un tiempo suficiente para que las bacterias y/o los virus alli contenidos crezcan en abundancia (100-105) sobre la superficie de la placa (por ejemplo 16-24 h), hasta formar colonias. It is based on a test sample (from now on "sample") already obtained, for example a clinical sample, collected for example in a Petri dish and previously incubated in a solid medium (for example in blood agar, chocolate agar, etc.), for a time sufficient for the bacteria and / or viruses contained therein to grow in abundance (100-105) on the surface of the plate (for example 16-24 h), until colonies form.

35 Las muestras a analizar con la invencion pueden ser aislamientos microbianos de origen diverso como sangre (hemocultivo), liquido pleural, liquido cefalorraquideo, saliva, esputo, orina, secrecion lacrimal, etc. The samples to be analyzed with the invention can be microbial isolates of diverse origin such as blood (blood culture), pleural fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, sputum, urine, tear secretion, etc.

La resuspension del material de las colonias de bacterias y/o virus de la muestra se realiza por ejemplo mediante un asa de siembra de 1 IL que se pasa por la superficie del medio solido, para anadirse por ejemplo a un tubo de 1,5 mL que contiene un volumen adecuado (por ejemplo entre 100-500 IL) de una disolucion acuosa tamponada (por ejemplo PBST, TBS-T, etc.) la cual se caracteriza por ser compatible con la suspension de bacterias y/o virus para su posterior incubacion en el disco. The resuspension of the material from the bacteria and / or virus colonies in the sample is carried out, for example, by a 1 IL sowing handle that passes through the surface of the solid medium, to be added, for example, to a 1.5 mL tube containing an adequate volume (for example between 100-500 IL) of a buffered aqueous solution (for example PBST, TBS-T, etc.) which is characterized by being compatible with the suspension of bacteria and / or viruses for subsequent incubation on the disk.

45 Se obtiene una suspension de bacterias y/o virus que preferiblemente se homogeneiza antes del siguiente paso para eliminar posibles agregados y asi facilitar las interacciones con los receptores inmovilizados en la superficie del disco compacto. A suspension of bacteria and / or viruses is obtained which is preferably homogenized before the next step to eliminate possible aggregates and thus facilitate interactions with the immobilized receptors on the surface of the compact disc.

Incubaci6n en el disco compacto Incubation on the compact disc

Se parte de un disco compacto (de ahora en adelante "disco") en cuya cara de policarbonato se han inmovilizado receptores moleculares localizados en la superficie de las bacterias y/o virus, quedando dispuestos en posiciones conocidas y ordenadas, formando una micromatriz. Estos receptores permiten identificar biomoleculas de la superficie del virus y/o la bacteria, tales como proteinas, lipidos, acidos It starts from a compact disk (hereinafter "disk") on whose face of polycarbonate molecular receptors located on the surface of bacteria and / or viruses have been immobilized, being arranged in known and orderly positions, forming a microarray. These receptors allow the identification of biomolecules on the surface of the virus and / or bacteria, such as proteins, lipids, acids

55 nucleicos, o polisacaridos. 55 nuclei, or polysaccharides.

A este paso se lo denomina impresion de micromatrices sobre el disco. La inmovilizacion de los receptores en el disco se puede realizar mediante diferentes metodos (Hermanson, G.T. Bioconjugate Techniques. 2th Edition. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. 2008), de manera preferente pero no limitante, en una realizacion preferente de la presente invencion se realiza mediante la inmovilizacion de anticuerpos contenidos en antisueros mediante adsorcion en disco, tal y como se describe mas adelante. This step is called microarray printing on the disc. The immobilization of the receptors on the disc can be performed by different methods (Hermanson, GT Bioconjugate Techniques. 2nd Edition. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. 2008), preferably but not limitingly, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention It is performed by immobilizing antibodies contained in antisera by adsorption on disk, as described below.

Independientemente del metodo de inmovilizacion empleado, la superficie del disco con los receptores inmovilizados debe mantener las propiedades opticas y mecanicas del disco, aspecto clave para su lectura Regardless of the method of immobilization used, the surface of the disk with the immobilized receivers must maintain the optical and mechanical properties of the disk, a key aspect for reading

65 mediante el lector/grabador de discos del siguiente paso. 65 using the disc reader / writer of the next step.

El disco esta segmentado en areas independientes (por ejemplo entre 6-12), cada una de las cuales se puede utilizar para analizar muestras distintas o replicas de una misma muestra. Cada disco puede contener impresos por ejemplo entre 50 y 200 puntos o "spots" entre los que se encuentran los receptores inmovilizados (especificos, controles, y replicas) para determinar con exactitud cada uno de los tipo, factor y/o The disc is segmented into independent areas (for example between 6-12), each of which can be used to analyze different samples or replicas of the same sample. Each disc can contain for example between 50 and 200 points or "spots" among which are the immobilized receivers (specific, controls, and replicas) to determine exactly each type, factor and / or

5 grupo de bacterias y/o virus. 5 group of bacteria and / or viruses.

La suspension de bacterias y/o virus obtenida en el paso anterior se incuba durante por ejemplo 15 minutos, en el disco con los receptores previamente inmovilizados. The suspension of bacteria and / or virus obtained in the previous step is incubated for example 15 minutes, in the disk with the previously immobilized receptors.

Durante la incubacion, el receptor fija la bacteria y/o el virus en una posicion concreta y separada que define su tipo, y/o su factor y/o su grupo. During the incubation, the receptor fixes the bacteria and / or the virus in a specific and separate position that defines its type, and / or its factor and / or its group.

Para eliminar las bacterias y/o los virus que no se han fijado especificamente en el disco, se puede realizar un lavado y un secado, por ejemplo lavando el disco con agua y centrifugandolo para secarlo rapidamente. To remove bacteria and / or viruses that have not been specifically fixed on the disc, washing and drying can be performed, for example by washing the disc with water and centrifuging it to dry it quickly.

Detecci6n de bacterias ylo virus en el disco Detection of bacteria and viruses on the disk

Por ultimo, se realiza una lectura del disco con un lector/grabador de discos compactos, que utiliza el laser del propio grabador como haz interrogante y el fotodiodo propio del cabezal pickup como elemento detector. La interaccion especifica receptor/bacteria y/o virus produce un precipitado que absorbe y dispersa el haz de luz del laser, atenuando la intensidad de senal reflejada que detecta el fotodiodo del cabezal pickup. La disminucion de senal de reflexion se relaciona directamente con la interaccion receptor/bacteria y/o virus. Dependiendo del tipo de disco, velocidad de lectura, y posicion de la matriz, la superficie del disco se lee o escanea en pocos minutos (por ejemplo 1-8 min). Finally, a reading of the disc is done with a compact disc reader / writer, which uses the laser of the recorder itself as a questioning beam and the photodiode of the pickup head as a detector element. The specific interaction receptor / bacteria and / or virus produces a precipitate that absorbs and disperses the laser light beam, attenuating the reflected signal intensity detected by the pickup head photodiode. The decrease in reflection signal is directly related to the receptor / bacteria and / or virus interaction. Depending on the type of disk, reading speed, and position of the matrix, the surface of the disk is read or scanned in a few minutes (for example 1-8 min).

25 Una vez finalizado el escaneado del disco, se observa la imagen obtenida en la pantalla del ordenador, pudiendo variar el brillo y el contraste, con el fin de facilitar la interpretacion de los datos. La deteccion se puede hacer visualmente, ayudandose de una plantilla que indica la localizacion de cada receptor y de una tabla en la que se encuentran las diferentes combinaciones de senales positivas de los receptores, indicandose tambien a que tipo y/o grupo de bacteria y/o virus corresponden dichas senales. Con esta informacion se determina exactamente el grupo y/o tipo de bacteria y/o virus en funcion de la relacion senal ruido obtenida de los analisis simultaneos de por ejemplo mas de una muestra. 25 Once the disc scan is finished, the image obtained on the computer screen is observed, the brightness and contrast may vary, in order to facilitate the interpretation of the data. The detection can be done visually, using a template that indicates the location of each receptor and a table in which the different combinations of positive signals of the receptors are found, also indicating to what type and / or group of bacteria and / or viruses correspond to said signals. With this information it is determined exactly the group and / or type of bacteria and / or virus based on the noise signal relationship obtained from the simultaneous analyzes of for example more than one sample.

La lectura del disco comprende dos tipos de datos: The disk reading comprises two types of data:

1. one.
Datos obtenidos de los puntos o spots de control positivo que sirven para fijar la plantilla de interpretacion. Se trata de puntos con receptores impresos directamente en el disco que dan senal positiva. Data obtained from the points or spots of positive control used to set the interpretation template. These are points with receivers printed directly on the disc that give a positive signal.

2. 2.
Datos obtenidos a partir de los puntos o spots impresos dentro de un area determinada donde se han inmovilizado receptores que unen la bacteria y/o el virus, y que como consecuencia absorben y dispersan la luz del laser, atenuando la senal de reflexion detectada por el cabezal pickup. En este patron, cada area puede estar formada por receptores diferentes con, por ejemplo, 3-6 replicas de cada uno. Data obtained from the points or spots printed within a certain area where receptors that bind the bacteria and / or the virus have been immobilized, and that consequently absorb and disperse the laser light, attenuating the reflection signal detected by the pickup head In this pattern, each area can be formed by different receptors with, for example, 3-6 replicas of each.

Alternativamente, las bacterias y/o virus pueden tenirse previa o posteriormente a la incubacion en el disco Alternatively, bacteria and / or viruses may be taken before or after incubation on the disc.

45 mediante tecnicas de tincion descritas para ello (por ejemplo tincion Gram + para la deteccion de bacterias), aumentando asi la relacion senal ruido. 45 by means of staining techniques described for this (for example Gram + staining for the detection of bacteria), thus increasing the noise signal ratio.

El principal campo de aplicacion de la presente invencion es la vigilancia epidemiologica, control de calidad de agua y aire, y en general cualquier area que implique la deteccion de bacterias mediante interacciones bioespecificas basadas en la utilizacion de receptores moleculares separados y ordenados sobre un soporte. The main field of application of the present invention is epidemiological surveillance, quality control of water and air, and in general any area that involves the detection of bacteria through biospecific interactions based on the use of separate and ordered molecular receptors on a support.

Por tanto, la presente invencion hace referencia a un metodo para identificar y/o detectar sin marcaje el tipo y/o grupo de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria previamente aislada (de al menos una muestra) e incubada en un medio solido, caracterizado por comprender los siguientes pasos esenciales: Therefore, the present invention refers to a method for identifying and / or detecting without labeling the type and / or group of at least one virus and / or a previously isolated bacterium (of at least one sample) and incubated in a solid medium , characterized by understanding the following essential steps:

55 a) resuspender el virus y/o bacteria en una disolucion acuosa tamponada, obteniendo una suspension del virus y/o bacteria; b) inmovilizar al menos un receptor de una molecula de la superficie del virus y/o bacteria, formando una micromatriz en un disco compacto como soporte; c) incubar la suspension obtenida en el paso a) en el disco compacto obtenido en el paso b), d) detectar el virus y/o bacteria en el disco compacto mediante la lectura del disco con un lector/grabador de discos compactos como detector, obteniendo una relacion senal ruido; y e) determinar el tipo y/o grupo del virus y/o bacteria en funcion de la relacion senal ruido obtenida en el paso d). 55 a) resuspend the virus and / or bacteria in a buffered aqueous solution, obtaining a suspension of the virus and / or bacteria; b) immobilize at least one receptor on a surface molecule of the virus and / or bacteria, forming a microarray on a compact disk as a support; c) incubate the suspension obtained in step a) on the compact disc obtained in step b), d) detect the virus and / or bacteria on the compact disc by reading the disc with a compact disc reader / writer as a detector , obtaining a noise signal relationship; and e) determine the type and / or group of the virus and / or bacteria based on the noise signal relationship obtained in step d).

65 De manera preferente, antes o despues del paso c) definido anteriormente el metodo puede comprender el siguiente paso adicional: 65 Preferably, before or after step c) defined above, the method may comprise the following additional step:

f) tenir el virus y/o bacteria para amplificar la relacion senal ruido obtenida en el paso d), mediante una tecnica de las que se conocen en el estado de la tecnica. f) have the virus and / or bacteria to amplify the noise signal relationship obtained in step d), by means of a technique known in the state of the art.

Asi mismo, en una realizacion preferente, el metodo descrito anteriormente se caracteriza por que la muestra 5 se selecciona de entre el siguiente grupo: sangre (hemocultivo), liquido pleural, liquido cefalorraquideo, saliva, esputo, orina, y secrecion lacrimal. Likewise, in a preferred embodiment, the method described above is characterized in that sample 5 is selected from the following group: blood (blood culture), pleural fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, sputum, urine, and tear secretion.

En otra realizacion preferente, el metodo descrito anteriormente se caracteriza por que la micromatriz del paso b) se inmoviliza en la cara de policarbonato del disco manteniendo las propiedades opticas y mecanicas del disco. In another preferred embodiment, the method described above is characterized in that the microarray of step b) is immobilized on the polycarbonate face of the disk while maintaining the optical and mechanical properties of the disk.

En otra realizacion preferente, el metodo descrito anteriormente se caracteriza por que la micromatriz del paso b) comprende entre 50 -200 puntos que comprenden al menos un receptor de una molecula de la superficie del virus y/o bacteria y al menos un punto como control positivo. Mas preferentemente, los puntos In another preferred embodiment, the method described above is characterized in that the microarray of step b) comprises between 50-200 points comprising at least one receptor of a surface molecule of the virus and / or bacteria and at least one point as a control positive. More preferably, the points

15 tienen al menos entre 0,3-0,5 mm de diametro y estan separados al menos 1,0 mm. 15 are at least 0.3-0.5 mm in diameter and are at least 1.0 mm apart.

En otra realizacion preferente, el metodo descrito anteriormente se caracteriza por que el lector/grabador de discos compactos definido en el paso d) utiliza el laser del propio grabador como haz de luz interrogante y el fotodiodo propio del cabezal pickup como elemento detector. Mas preferentemente, el haz de luz del laser es absorbido y dispersado por al menos un precipitado producido por la interaccion especifica del receptor con el virus y/o bacteria, disminuyendo la intensidad de la senal de reflexion que detecta el fotodiodo del cabezal pickup. Aun mas preferentemente, la disminucion de senal de reflexion se relaciona directamente con la interaccion especifica del receptor con el virus y/o bacteria. In another preferred embodiment, the method described above is characterized in that the compact disc reader / writer defined in step d) uses the laser of the recorder itself as a beam of questioning light and the photodiode of the pickup head itself as a detector element. More preferably, the laser light beam is absorbed and dispersed by at least one precipitate produced by the specific interaction of the receptor with the virus and / or bacteria, decreasing the intensity of the reflection signal detected by the pickup head photodiode. Even more preferably, the decrease in reflection signal is directly related to the specific interaction of the recipient with the virus and / or bacteria.

25 En otra realizacion preferente, el metodo descrito anteriormente se caracteriza por que la determinacion del tipo y/o grupo del virus y/o bacteria definida en el paso e) se realiza visualmente con una plantilla que indica la localizacion del receptor y de una tabla en la que se encuentran las diferentes combinaciones de senales positivas del receptor, indicandose tambien a que tipo y/o grupo de bacteria y/o virus corresponden dichas senales. In another preferred embodiment, the method described above is characterized in that the determination of the type and / or group of the virus and / or bacteria defined in step e) is carried out visually with a template indicating the location of the recipient and a table in which the different combinations of positive signals of the receptor are found, also indicating to what type and / or group of bacteria and / or viruses these signals correspond.

En otra realizacion preferente, el metodo descrito anteriormente se caracteriza por que el paso b) se realiza mediante la inmovilizacion de anticuerpos contenidos en antisueros mediante adsorcion en disco. Mas preferentemente, la inmovilizacion de anticuerpos contenidos en antisueros mediante adsorcion en disco comprende los siguientes pasos: In another preferred embodiment, the method described above is characterized in that step b) is performed by immobilizing antibodies contained in antisera by disk adsorption. More preferably, the immobilization of antibodies contained in antisera by disk adsorption comprises the following steps:

35 i) imprimir el disco con al menos una disolucion de antisuero en presencia de un tampon de impresion (como por ejemplo una disolucion acuosa de carbonato/bicarbonato 0,1 M, pH 9,5), ii) incubar al menos a 4 DC durante un periodo de tiempo de al menos 16 horas, iii) lavar con agua y secar el disco por centrifugacion. I) print the disc with at least one antiserum solution in the presence of a printing buffer (such as an aqueous 0.1 M carbonate / bicarbonate solution, pH 9.5), ii) incubate at least at 4 DC for a period of at least 16 hours, iii) wash with water and dry the disc by centrifugation.

Aun mas preferentemente, la disolucion de antisuero del paso i) contiene al menos un anticuerpo del virus y/o bacteria. Even more preferably, the antiserum solution of step i) contains at least one antibody to the virus and / or bacteria.

La presente invencion tambien hace referencia a un metodo para inmovilizar al menos un receptor de una molecula de la superficie de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria, caracterizado por emplear como soporte un 45 disco compacto, dicho metodo comprende los siguientes pasos: i) imprimir la cara de policarbonato del disco con al menos una disolucion de antisuero en presencia de The present invention also refers to a method for immobilizing at least one receptor of a surface molecule of at least one virus and / or a bacterium, characterized by using a compact disk as support, said method comprises the following steps: ) print the polycarbonate side of the disc with at least one antiserum solution in the presence of

un tampon de impresion, ii) incubar al menos a 4 DC durante un periodo de tiempo de al menos 16 horas, y iii) lavar con agua y secar el disco por centrifugacion, an impression tampon, ii) incubate at least 4 DC for a period of at least 16 hours, and iii) wash with water and dry the disc by centrifugation,

donde se mantienen las propiedades opticas y mecanicas del disco. where the optical and mechanical properties of the disk are maintained.

La presente invencion tambien hace referencia a un disco compacto caracterizado por comprender al menos un receptor inmovilizado de una molecula de la superficie de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria, formando una micromatriz para ser leido por un lector/grabador de discos compactos. Mas preferentemente, el disco se The present invention also refers to a compact disc characterized by comprising at least one immobilized receptor of a surface molecule of at least one virus and / or a bacterium, forming a microarray to be read by a compact disc reader / writer. More preferably, the disk is

55 obtiene mediante un metodo que comprende los siguientes pasos: i) imprimir la cara de policarbonato del disco con al menos una disolucion de antisuero en presencia de un tampon de impresion, ii) incubar al menos a 4 DC durante un periodo de tiempo de al menos 16 horas, y iii) lavar con agua y secar el disco por centrifugacion, donde se mantienen las propiedades opticas y mecanicas del disco. 55 obtained by a method comprising the following steps: i) print the polycarbonate side of the disc with at least one antiserum solution in the presence of a printing buffer, ii) incubate at least 4 DC for a period of time minus 16 hours, and iii) wash with water and dry the disk by centrifugation, where the optical and mechanical properties of the disk are maintained.

La presente invencion tambien hace referencia al uso del disco definido anteriormente, para identificar y/o detectar sin marcaje el tipo y/o grupo de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria previamente aislada de al menos una muestra e incubada en un medio solido. The present invention also refers to the use of the disk defined above, to identify and / or detect without labeling the type and / or group of at least one virus and / or a bacterium previously isolated from at least one sample and incubated in a solid medium. .

Mas preferentemente, dicho uso se caracteriza por que la identificacion y/o deteccion sin marcaje del tipo y/o grupo de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria es para vigilancia epidemiologica. More preferably, said use is characterized in that the identification and / or detection without marking of the type and / or group of at least one virus and / or a bacterium is for epidemiological surveillance.

Alternativamente, dicho uso se caracteriza por que la identificacion y/o deteccion sin marcaje del tipo y/o 5 grupo de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria es para control de calidad de agua y/o aire. Alternatively, said use is characterized in that the identification and / or detection without marking of the type and / or group of at least one virus and / or a bacterium is for quality control of water and / or air.

Para facilitar la comprension de la presente invencion, a continuacion se expone el significado de algunos terminos y expresiones tal y como aqui se utilizan. To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the meaning of some terms and expressions as used herein is set forth below.

En la presente invencion el termino: "metodo de analisis rapido", se refiere a un ensayo cuya duracion total esta comprendida entre 1 y 30 minutos. In the present invention the term: "rapid analysis method" refers to an assay whose total duration is between 1 and 30 minutes.

En la presente invencion el termino: "deteccion sin marcaje", se refiere a un ensayo en el que directamente se obtiene la senal producida por la interaccion bioreceptor-celula o virus, sin recurrir a un tercera especie, como In the present invention the term: "detection without labeling", refers to an assay in which the signal produced by the bioreceptor-cell or virus interaction is obtained directly, without resorting to a third species, such as

15 por ejemplo una sustancia fluorescente, una enzima o una particula. 15 for example a fluorescent substance, an enzyme or a particle.

En la presente invencion el termino: "virus", se refiere a un organismo de estructura sencilla, compuesto de proteinas y acidos nucleicos, y capaz de reproducirse solo en el seno de celulas vivas especificas, utilizando su metabolismo. In the present invention the term: "virus", refers to an organism of simple structure, composed of proteins and nucleic acids, and capable of reproducing only within specific living cells, using its metabolism.

En la presente invencion el termino: "bacterias", se refiere a microorganismos unicelulares procariontes, cuyas diversas especies causan las fermentaciones, enfermedades o putrefaccion en los seres vivos o en las materias organicas. In the present invention the term "bacteria" refers to prokaryotic single-celled microorganisms, whose various species cause fermentation, disease or rot in living beings or in organic matter.

25 En la presente invencion el termino: "disco compacto", se refiere a un soporte digital optico con forma de disco, utilizado para almacenar cualquier tipo de informacion (audio, imagenes, video, documentos y otros datos) y con diferentes presentaciones y capacidades en cuanto a tamano y capacidad y velocidad de almacenamiento y reproduccion. 25 In the present invention the term: "compact disc" refers to an optical digital disk-shaped medium, used to store any type of information (audio, images, video, documents and other data) and with different presentations and capabilities in terms of size and capacity and speed of storage and reproduction.

En la presente invencion el termino: "lector/grabador de disco compacto", se refiere al dispositivo optico capaz de reproducir y o grabar los discos compactos utilizando un laser que le permite leer la informacion contenida en ellos y grabar o regrabar informacion. In the present invention the term: "compact disc reader / writer" refers to the optical device capable of playing and recording the compact discs using a laser that allows it to read the information contained therein and record or re-record information.

En la presente invencion el termino: "bioreceptores o receptores", se refiere a moleculas u organizaciones In the present invention the term: "bioreceptors or receptors" refers to molecules or organizations

35 moleculares mas complejas, producidas o presentes en las celulas, capaces de reconocer con gran selectividad y afinidad a otra sustancia. Por ejemplo: anticuerpos, oligonucleotidos, lectinas, lipocalinas, etc. Tambien se entiende como bioreceptores y receptores a sustancias sinteticas o semisinteticas con las caracteristicas descritas arriba. 35 more complex molecules, produced or present in cells, capable of recognizing with great selectivity and affinity to another substance. For example: antibodies, oligonucleotides, lectins, lipocalins, etc. It is also understood as bioreceptors and receptors to synthetic or semisynthetic substances with the characteristics described above.

En la presente invencion el termino: "biomoleculas", se refiere a la unidad minima de una sustancia de origen biologico que conserva sus propiedades quimicas. In the present invention the term: "biomolecules" refers to the minimum unit of a substance of biological origin that retains its chemical properties.

En la presente invencion el termino: "micromatriz", se refiere a matriz de tamano micrometrico. Se entiende por matriz a un conjunto de numeros, simbolos, puntos, etc., colocados en una disposicion dada (rectangulo, In the present invention the term: "microarray" refers to a micrometric size matrix. Matrix means a set of numbers, symbols, points, etc., placed in a given arrangement (rectangle,

45 cuadrado, circulo, elipse, etc.), frecuentemente en lineas horizontales y verticales. 45 square, circle, ellipse, etc.), often in horizontal and vertical lines.

En la presente invencion el termino: "muestra problema", se refiere a la muestra a analizar y que contiene la sustancia o sustancias a identificar y/o determinar. In the present invention the term: "sample problem", refers to the sample to be analyzed and which contains the substance or substances to be identified and / or determined.

En la presente invencion el termino: "aislamientos microbianos", se refiere a la separacion de los microorganismos o virus del medio en donde se encuentran originalmente. In the present invention the term "microbial isolates" refers to the separation of microorganisms or viruses from the environment where they are originally found.

En la presente invencion el termino: "medio solido", se refiere a un medio de cultivo de microorganismos de consistencia firme o solida. Se diferencian de los semi-solidos (consistencia fluida) y de los liquidos. In the present invention the term: "solid medium" refers to a medium for the cultivation of microorganisms of firm or solid consistency. They differ from semi-solids (fluid consistency) and liquids.

55 En la presente invencion el termino: "relacion senal ruido", se refiere al cociente entre la intensidad de una senal generada en el proceso de medida de un analito y la senal de un blanco (muestra sin analito) o del ruido electronico. 55 In the present invention the term: "noise signal ratio" refers to the ratio between the intensity of a signal generated in the measurement process of an analyte and the signal of a target (sample without analyte) or electronic noise.

En la presente invencion el termino: "tipo, factor y grupo de virus y/o bacteria", se refiere a: "Tipo": cada uno de los grandes grupos taxonomicos en que se dividen los reinos animal y vegetal, y que, a In the present invention the term: "type, factor and group of viruses and / or bacteria", refers to: "Type": each of the large taxonomic groups into which the animal and plant kingdoms are divided, and which, to

su vez, se subdividen en clases. "Factor": antigeno presente en la superficie celular. "Grupo": conjunto de microorganismos con caracteristicas geneticas, patogenicas, etc., similares. in turn, they are subdivided into classes. "Factor": antigen present on the cell surface. "Group": set of microorganisms with genetic, pathogenic, etc. similar characteristics.

En la presente invencion el termino: "vigilancia epidemiologica", se refiere a un sistema de recoleccion y evaluacion de informacion sobre eventos medico-epidemiologicos. In the present invention the term: "epidemiological surveillance" refers to a system for collecting and evaluating information on medical-epidemiological events.

En la presente invencion el termino: "control de calidad de agua y/o aire", se refiere a las acciones tendentes a regular la calidad del aire o del agua dentro de unos estandares. In the present invention the term: "quality control of water and / or air" refers to actions aimed at regulating the quality of air or water within standards.

A lo largo de la descripcion y las reivindicaciones la palabra "comprende" y sus variantes no pretenden excluir otras caracteristicas tecnicas, aditivos, componentes o pasos. Para los expertos en la materia, otros objetos, ventajas y caracteristicas de la invencion se desprenderan en parte de la descripcion y en parte de la practica de la invencion. Las siguientes figuras y ejemplos se proporcionan a modo de ilustracion, y no se pretende que sean limitativos de la presente invencion. Throughout the description and the claims the word "comprises" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and characteristics of the invention will be derived partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention. The following figures and examples are provided by way of illustration, and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

DESCRIPCION DE LAS FIGURAS DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIGURA 1. Representacion esquematica del sistema detector. Los servomecanismos de guiado del laser y FIGURE 1. Schematic representation of the detector system. The laser guiding servo mechanisms and

15 giro del disco mantienen el haz laser enfocado en el camino en espiral del disco, permitiendo su rotacion y escaneado. La luz reflejada es transformada en senal analogica electrica. Al mismo tiempo, el fotosensor detecta la marca (disparador), comenzando la adquisicion de datos. La tarjeta de amplificacion/deteccion (DAB) esta integrada en la unidad grabadora. La tarjeta DAQ digitaliza las senales analogicas procedentes del la DAB y las transfiere al ordenador para procesarlas. El lector-grabador de CD se controla mediante un software (BioDisk) y se conecta al ordenador mediante un interfaz USB2.0. 15 disc rotation keeps the laser beam focused on the spiral path of the disc, allowing its rotation and scanning. The reflected light is transformed into electrical analog signal. At the same time, the photosensor detects the mark (trigger), beginning the acquisition of data. The amplification / detection card (DAB) is integrated in the recorder unit. The DAQ card digitizes the analog signals from the DAB and transfers them to the computer for processing. The CD player-recorder is controlled by software (BioDisk) and connected to the computer through a USB2.0 interface.

FIGURA 2. Imagenes obtenidas tras la lectura del disco al analizar serotipos de Strepcococcus pneumoniae en aislamientos microbianos. El panel I corresponde al resultado de la identificacion sin marcaje y el panel II a la respuesta obtenida posterior al proceso de tincion. FIGURE 2. Images obtained after reading the disc when analyzing Strepcococcus pneumoniae serotypes in microbial isolates. Panel I corresponds to the result of the identification without marking and panel II to the response obtained after the staining process.

25 FIGURA 3. Imagenes obtenidas tras la lectura del disco al analizar extractos de serotipos de Salmonella spp. Panel I-V: S. Malmoe 16263.1; S. Typhimurium 15994.3; S. Llandoff; control negativo. 25 FIGURE 3. Images obtained after reading the disc when analyzing extracts of Salmonella spp. Panel I-V: S. Malmoe 16263.1; S. Typhimurium 15994.3; S. Llandoff; negative control

FIGURA 4. Imagenes obtenidas tras la lectura del disco al analizar extractos de serotipos de E. coli. Panel I-FIGURE 4. Images obtained after reading the disc when analyzing extracts of E. coli serotypes. Panel I-

IV: E. coli O157:H7; E. coli O103:H2; E. coli O26:H11; control negativo. IV: E. coli O157: H7; E. coli O103: H2; E. coli O26: H11; negative control

EJEMPLOS EXAMPLES

Los siguientes ejemplos especificos que se proporcionan en este documento de patente sirven para ilustrar la The following specific examples provided in this patent document serve to illustrate the

35 naturaleza de la presente invencion. Estos ejemplos se incluyen solamente con fines ilustrativos y no han de ser interpretados como limitaciones a la invencion que aqui se reivindica. Por tanto, los ejemplos descritos mas adelante ilustran la invencion sin limitar el campo de aplicacion de la misma. 35 nature of the present invention. These examples are included for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limitations to the invention claimed herein. Therefore, the examples described below illustrate the invention without limiting its scope of application.

EJEMPLO1: Identificaci6n de Strepcococcus pneumoniae EXAMPLE 1: Identification of Strepcococcus pneumoniae

En el presente ejemplo o realizacion preferente dicho metodo comprende los siguientes pasos: In the present example or preferred embodiment said method comprises the following steps:

1. Resuspension de bacterias 1. Resuspension of bacteria

2. Inmovilizacion de anticuerpos contenidos en antisueros en formato de micromatriz mediante 45 adsorcion en disco 2. Immobilization of antibodies contained in antisera in microarray format by adsorption on disk

3. 3.
Incubacion en disco compacto Incubacion in compact disk

4. Four.
Deteccion y determinacion mediante un lector/grabador de discos Detection and determination by a disk reader / writer

5. 5.
Amplificacion de senal mediante tincion Signal amplification by staining

6. 6.
Determinacion Determination

Resuspensi6n de bacterias Bacteria Resuspensation

En el presente ensayo de identificacion y deteccion sin marcaje se parte de una suspension de neumococos (Strepcococcus pneumoniae) previamente aislada de una muestra clinica y crecida en medios solidos. Para In the present unmarked identification and detection test, a pneumococcal suspension (Strepcococcus pneumoniae) is previously isolated from a clinical sample and grown in solid media. For

55 ello las bacterias, crecidas previamente en medios solidos, se recogen y posteriormente se resuspenden en 200 IL de disolucion acuosa tamponada (TBS-T). The bacteria, previously grown in solid media, are collected and subsequently resuspended in 200 IL of buffered aqueous solution (TBS-T).

Inmovilizaci6n de anticuerpos contenidos en antisueros en formato de micromatriz mediante adsorci6n en disco Immobilization of antibodies contained in antisera in microarray format by disk adsorption

La inmovilizacion de anticuerpos contenidos en antisueros en formato de micromatriz se realiza preferentemente mediante adsorcion, sin ser limitante para la invencion. En este ejemplo, el anclaje de la bacteria al receptor se produce a traves de la formacion de enlaces de hidrogeno, fuerzas de van der Valls, enlaces hidrofobicos entre el receptor y la superficie. En este caso, los receptores reaccionan con la The immobilization of antibodies contained in antisera in microarray format is preferably performed by adsorption, without being limiting for the invention. In this example, the anchoring of the bacteria to the receptor occurs through the formation of hydrogen bonds, van der Valls forces, hydrophobic bonds between the receptor and the surface. In this case, the receptors react with the

65 superficie de las bacterias en disoluciones acuosas tamponadas, siendo el pH de las mismas una variable critica para obtener una inmovilizacion estable de los antisueros. 65 surface of the bacteria in buffered aqueous solutions, their pH being a critical variable to obtain a stable immobilization of the antisera.

En este caso, en la cara de policarbonato de un disco DVD se imprimen seis micromatrices de 144 puntos cada una (12 × 12). Cada matriz contiene puntos de 0,3-0,5 mm de diametro separados 1,0 mm, dispensando disoluciones de antisuero (20-50 nL), conteniendo los receptores o bioreceptores especificos para detectar e In this case, six micromatrices of 144 dots each (12 × 12) are printed on the polycarbonate side of a DVD disc. Each matrix contains points of 0.3-0.5 mm in diameter 1.0 mm apart, dispensing antiserum solutions (20-50 nL), containing specific receptors or bioreceptors to detect and

5 identificar cinco serotipos a nivel de tipo, factor y grupo parcial y puntos utilizados como control positivo. El tampon de impresion es una disolucion acuosa de carbonato/bicarbonato 0,1 M, pH 9,5. Tras la impresion, el disco se deja incubar a 4 DC. Transcurridas 16 h el disco se lava con agua y se seca por centrifugacion. Asi, los seis antisueros se imprimen a cuatro diluciones diferentes con seis replicas cada una. 5 identify five serotypes at the level of type, factor and partial group and points used as a positive control. The printing buffer is an aqueous 0.1 M carbonate / bicarbonate solution, pH 9.5. After printing, the disc is allowed to incubate at 4 DC. After 16 hours the disc is washed with water and dried by centrifugation. Thus, the six antisera are printed at four different dilutions with six replicas each.

10 Incubaci6n en disco compacto 10 Incubation on compact disc

Se toman 100 IL de la suspension de bacterias, y se dispensan en una de las areas del disco, dejandose incubar durante 15 min a temperatura ambiente. Finalmente, el disco se lava con agua y se seca por centrifugacion. 100 IL of the bacteria suspension are taken, and dispensed in one of the areas of the disc, allowing to incubate for 15 min at room temperature. Finally, the disc is washed with water and dried by centrifugation.

Detecci6n y determinaci6n mediante un lectorl/rabador de discos Detection and determination by a disk reader / writer

La deteccion se realiza escaneando el disco con un lector/grabador de discos. La aparicion de puntos en la imagen obtenida en el ordenador identifica el tipo, factor y grupo de bacteria presente en la muestra. Detection is done by scanning the disc with a disc reader / writer. The appearance of points in the image obtained on the computer identifies the type, factor and group of bacteria present in the sample.

Amplificaci6n de sefal mediante tinci6n Signal amplification by staining

Alternativamente, las bacterias pueden tenirse previa o posteriormente a la incubacion en el disco mediante tecnicas de tincion descritas para ello (tincion Gram +), aumentando asi la relacion senal ruido. Alternatively, the bacteria can be taken before or after incubation on the disc by staining techniques described for this (Gram + staining), thus increasing the noise signal ratio.

Determinaci6n Determination

Los resultados obtenidos se muestran en la Tabla 1. Como se puede observar cada antisuero inmovilizado en el disco reconoce al tipo o grupo de bacteria unica y especificamente con una relacion senal ruido entre 51 The results obtained are shown in Table 1. As can be seen, each antiserum immobilized on the disc recognizes the type or group of bacteria uniquely and specifically with a signal noise ratio between 51

30 (s11C) y 152 (s12). El control positivo se detecta para todas las cepas excepto s1. 30 (s11C) and 152 (s12). The positive control is detected for all strains except s1.

Tabla 1. Relaci6nseral ruido obtenidasal analizarsimultaneamenteseis suspensiones de neumococos (Strepcococcus pneumoniae) en disco Table 1. Relational noise obtained by analyzing simultaneously six pneumococcal suspensions (Strepcococcus pneumoniae) on disk

Antisuero en disco Disk antiserum
s1 s11C Muestra (cepa) s+ s12 s13 s20 s1 s11C Sample (strain) s + s12 s13 s20

s1 s1
120 4 3 1 1 1 120 4 3 1 one one

s11 s11
1 51 1 1 2 3 one 51 eleven 2 3

s+ s +
1 49 34 10 21 17 one 49 34 10 twenty-one 17

s12 s12
1 3 1 145 7 7 one 3 1 145 7 7

s13 s13
1 4 1 2 69 6 one 4 1 2 69 6

s20 s20
1 2 6 3 1 150 one 2 6 3 one 150

EJEMPLO 2: Identificaci6n de Salmonella spp. EXAMPLE 2: Identification of Salmonella spp.

En el presente ejemplo o realizacion preferente dicho metodo comprende los siguientes pasos: In the present example or preferred embodiment said method comprises the following steps:

40 1. Resuspension de bacterias 40 1. Resuspension of bacteria

2. 2.
Inmovilizacion de anticuerpos contenidos en antisueros en formato de micromatriz mediante adsorcion en disco Immobilization of antibodies contained in antisera in microarray format by disk adsorption

3. 3.
Incubacion en disco compacto Incubacion in compact disk

4. Four.
Deteccion y determinacion mediante un lector/grabador de discos Detection and determination by a disk reader / writer

45 5. Amplificacion de senal mediante tincion 45 5. Signal amplification by staining

6. Determinacion 6. Determination

Resuspensi6n de bacterias Bacteria Resuspensation

50 Se parte de una suspension de Salmonella spp. en tampon TBS-T. 50 It starts from a suspension of Salmonella spp. in TBS-T buffer.

En los apartados 2, 3, 4 y 5 se sigue el mismo procedimiento descrito en el ejemplo 1 con la unica diferencia que se utilizan antisueros especificos para esta bacteria. In sections 2, 3, 4 and 5 the same procedure described in example 1 is followed with the only difference that specific antisera are used for this bacterium.

Determinaci6n Determination

Los resultados obtenidos se muestran en la Figura 3. Como se puede observar en todos los casos, se obtuvieron respuestas positivas para el bloque control (matriz de la izquierda). Por otro lado, se obtuvieron resultados positivos (matriz de la derecha) en el bloque con anticuerpos especificos para cada tipo de Salmonella (paneles I-III), siendo el resultado negativos para el control (panel IV). The results obtained are shown in Figure 3. As can be seen in all cases, positive responses were obtained for the control block (matrix on the left). On the other hand, positive results (right matrix) were obtained in the block with specific antibodies for each type of Salmonella (panels I-III), the results being negative for the control (panel IV).

EJEMPLO 3: Identificaci6n de Escherichia coli EXAMPLE 3: Identification of Escherichia coli

En el presente ejemplo o realizacion preferente dicho metodo comprende los siguientes pasos: In the present example or preferred embodiment said method comprises the following steps:

15 1. Resuspension de bacterias 15 1. Resuspension of bacteria

2. 2.
Inmovilizacion de anticuerpos contenidos en antisueros en formato de micromatriz mediante adsorcion en disco Immobilization of antibodies contained in antisera in microarray format by disk adsorption

3. 3.
Incubacion en disco compacto Incubacion in compact disk

4. Four.
Deteccion y determinacion mediante un lector/grabador de discos Detection and determination by a disk reader / writer

20 5. Amplificacion de senal mediante tincion 20 5. Signal amplification by staining

6. Determinacion 6. Determination

Resuspensi6n de bacterias Bacteria Resuspensation

25 Se parte de una suspension de E. coli en tampon TBS-T. 25 Start from a suspension of E. coli in TBS-T buffer.

Inmovilizaci6n de anticuerpos contenidos en antisueros en formato de micromatriz mediante adsorci6n en disco Immobilization of antibodies contained in antisera in microarray format by disk adsorption

30 En los apartados 2, 3, 4 y 5 se sigue el mismo procedimiento descrito en el ejemplo 1, con la unica diferencia que se utilizan antisueros especificos para esta bacteria. In sections 2, 3, 4 and 5 the same procedure described in example 1 is followed, with the only difference that specific antisera are used for this bacterium.

Determinaci6n Determination

35 La selectividad del ensayo fue determinada utilizando diferentes serotipos de E. coli. La Figura 4 muestra las imagenes obtenidas tras la lectura del disco al analizar extractos de colonia pura. Como se puede observar en todos los casos, se obtuvieron respuestas positivas para el bloque control (matriz de la izquierda). Por otro lado, se obtuvieron resultados positivos (matriz de la derecha) en el bloque con anticuerpos especificos para cada serotipo de E. coli (paneles I-III), siendo el resultado negativos para el control (panel IV). 35 The selectivity of the assay was determined using different E. coli serotypes. Figure 4 shows the images obtained after reading the disc when analyzing extracts of pure colony. As can be seen in all cases, positive responses were obtained for the control block (matrix on the left). On the other hand, positive results (right matrix) were obtained in the block with antibodies specific for each E. coli serotype (panels I-III), the results being negative for the control (panel IV).

Claims (13)

REIVINDICACIONES 1. Un método para identificar y/o detectar sin marcaje el tipo y/o grupo de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria previamente aislada e incubada en un medio sólido, caracterizado por comprender los siguientes pasos esenciales: 1. A method to identify and / or detect without labeling the type and / or group of at least one virus and / or a bacterium previously isolated and incubated in a solid medium, characterized by comprising the following essential steps: a) resuspender el virus y/o bacteria en una disolución acuosa tamponada seleccionada del grupo que consiste en PBST y TBS-T; a) resuspend the virus and / or bacteria in a buffered aqueous solution selected from the group consisting of PBST and TBS-T; b) inmovilizar anticuerpos contenidos en un antisuero mediante adsorción en la cara de policarbonato de un disco compacto, formando una micromatriz en el disco; donde la inmovilización comprende los siguientes pasos: i) imprimir el disco con al menos una disolución del antisuero en presencia de un b) immobilize antibodies contained in an antiserum by adsorption on the polycarbonate face of a compact disk, forming a microarray on the disk; where the immobilization comprises the following steps: i) print the disk with at least one antiserum solution in the presence of a tampón de impresión que es una disolución acuosa de carbonato/bicarbonato printing buffer that is an aqueous carbonate / bicarbonate solution 0,1 M a pH 9,5, 0.1 M at pH 9.5, ii) incubar a 4 ºC durante un periodo de tiempo de al menos 16 horas, ii) incubate at 4 ° C for a period of at least 16 hours, iii) lavar con agua y secar el disco por centrifugación, iii) wash with water and dry the disc by centrifugation, c) incubar la suspensión obtenida en el paso a) en el disco compacto obtenido en el paso b), c) incubate the suspension obtained in step a) on the compact disc obtained in step b), d) detectar el virus y/o bacteria en el disco compacto mediante la lectura del disco con un lector/grabador de discos compactos utilizando el láser del propio grabador como haz interrogante y el fotodiodo propio del cabezal pickup como elemento detector; y d) detect the virus and / or bacteria on the compact disc by reading the disc with a compact disc reader / writer using the laser of the recorder itself as a questioning beam and the photodiode of the pickup head as a detector element; Y e) determinar la concentración de virus y/o bacteria en función de la disminución de señal de reflexión obtenida en la etapa d). e) determine the concentration of virus and / or bacteria based on the decrease in reflection signal obtained in step d).
2. 2.
El método según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado por que antes o después del paso c) The method according to claim 1 characterized in that before or after step c)
comprende el siguiente paso adicional: f) teñir el virus y/o bacteria. It comprises the next additional step: f) staining the virus and / or bacteria.
3. 3.
El método según las reivindicaciones 1-2, caracterizado por que la muestra se selecciona de entre el siguiente grupo: sangre, líquido pleural, líquido cefalorraquídeo, saliva, esputo, orina, y secreción lacrimal. The method according to claims 1-2, characterized in that the sample is selected from the following group: blood, pleural fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, sputum, urine, and tear secretion.
4. Four.
El método según las reivindicaciones 1-3, caracterizado por que la micromatriz del paso b) comprende entre 50 -200 puntos que comprenden al menos un anticuerpo del virus y/o bacteria. The method according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the microarray of step b) comprises between 50-200 points comprising at least one antibody of the virus and / or bacteria.
5. 5.
El método según la reivindicación 4, caracterizado por que los puntos tienen al menos entre 0,30,5 mm de diámetro y están separados al menos 1,0 mm. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the points are at least between 0.30.5 mm in diameter and at least 1.0 mm apart.
6. 6.
El método según las reivindicaciones 1-5, caracterizado por que el haz de luz del láser es absorbido y dispersado por al menos un precipitado producido por la interacción específica del anticuerpo con el virus y/o bacteria, disminuyendo la intensidad de la señal de reflexión que detecta el fotodiodo del cabezal pickup. The method according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the laser light beam is absorbed and dispersed by at least one precipitate produced by the specific interaction of the antibody with the virus and / or bacteria, decreasing the intensity of the reflection signal which detects the photodiode of the pickup head.
7. 7.
El método según la reivindicación 6, caracterizado por que la disminución de señal de reflexión se relaciona directamente con la interacción específica del anticuerpo con el virus y/o bacteria. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the decrease in reflection signal is directly related to the specific interaction of the antibody with the virus and / or bacteria.
8. 8.
El método según las reivindicaciones 1-7, caracterizado por que la determinación del tipo y/o grupo del virus y/o bacteria definida en el paso e) se realiza visualmente con una plantilla que indica la localización del anticuerpo y de una tabla en la que se encuentran las diferentes combinaciones de señales positivas del anticuerpo, indicándose también a qué tipo y/o grupo de bacteria y/o virus corresponden dichas señales. The method according to claims 1-7, characterized in that the determination of the type and / or group of the virus and / or bacteria defined in step e) is carried out visually with a template indicating the location of the antibody and a table in the that different combinations of positive antibody signals are found, also indicating to which type and / or group of bacteria and / or viruses these signals correspond.
9. 9.
Un método para inmovilizar al menos un anticuerpo de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria, caracterizado por emplear como soporte un disco compacto, dicho método comprende los siguientes pasos: A method for immobilizing at least one antibody of at least one virus and / or one bacterium, characterized by using a compact disc as support, said method comprises the following steps:
i) imprimir la cara de policarbonato del disco con al menos una disolución de antisuero en presencia de un tampón de impresión que es una disolución acuosa de carbonato/bicarbonato 0,1 M a pH 9,5, i) print the polycarbonate side of the disk with at least one antiserum solution in the presence of a printing buffer that is an aqueous 0.1 M carbonate / bicarbonate solution at pH 9.5, ii) incubar a 4 ºC durante un periodo de tiempo de al menos 16 horas, y iii) lavar con agua y secar el disco, donde se mantienen las propiedades ópticas y mecánicas del disco. ii) incubate at 4 ° C for a period of at least 16 hours, and iii) wash with water and dry the disc, where the optical and mechanical properties of the disc are maintained.
10. 10.
Un disco compacto caracterizado por comprender al menos un anticuerpo de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria, formando una micromatriz para ser leído por un lector/grabador de discos compactos. A compact disc characterized by comprising at least one antibody of at least one virus and / or a bacterium, forming a microarray to be read by a compact disc reader / writer.
11. eleven.
Uso del disco definido en las reivindicaciones 10, para identificar y/o detectar sin marcaje el tipo y/o grupo de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria previamente aislada e incubada en un medio sólido. Use of the disk defined in claims 10, to identify and / or detect without labeling the type and / or group of at least one virus and / or a bacterium previously isolated and incubated in a solid medium.
12. 12.
Uso según la reivindicación 11, caracterizado por que la identificación y/o detección sin marcaje del tipo y/o grupo de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria es para vigilancia epidemiológica. Use according to claim 11, characterized in that the identification and / or detection without marking of the type and / or group of at least one virus and / or a bacterium is for epidemiological surveillance.
13. Uso según la reivindicación 11, caracterizado por que la identificación y/o detección sin marcaje 5 del tipo y/o grupo de al menos un virus y/o una bacteria es para control de calidad de agua y/o aire. 13. Use according to claim 11, characterized in that the identification and / or detection without labeling of the type and / or group of at least one virus and / or a bacterium is for quality control of water and / or air. FIGURA. 1 FIGURE. one FIGURA. 2 FIGURA. 3 FIGURE. 2 FIGURE. 3 FIGURA. 4 FIGURE. 4
ES201230377A 2012-03-13 2012-03-13 METHOD FOR IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA AND VIRUSES WITHOUT MARKING BASED ON COMPACT DISC TECHNOLOGY Active ES2425714B1 (en)

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