ES2420082A1 - Solid fuel in the form of pellets, pellets or briquettes, made from de-inking sludge from the recycling of paper, with the addition of hydrocarbons (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Solid fuel in the form of pellets, pellets or briquettes, made from de-inking sludge from the recycling of paper, with the addition of hydrocarbons (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
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- ES2420082A1 ES2420082A1 ES201200136A ES201200136A ES2420082A1 ES 2420082 A1 ES2420082 A1 ES 2420082A1 ES 201200136 A ES201200136 A ES 201200136A ES 201200136 A ES201200136 A ES 201200136A ES 2420082 A1 ES2420082 A1 ES 2420082A1
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- Prior art keywords
- paper
- solid fuel
- pellets
- hydrocarbons
- recycling
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/403—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on paper and paper waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
Description
COMBUSTIBLE SOLIDO EN FORMA DE PELLETS, PASTILLAS O BRIQUETAS, ELABORADO A SOLID FUEL IN THE FORM OF PELLETS, PADS OR BRIQUETS, PREPARED TO
PARTIR DE LODOS DE DESTINTADO PROCEDENTES DEL RECICLADO DE PAPEL, CON ADICION FROM DESTINED MUDS FROM PAPER RECYCLING, WITH ADDITION
DE HIDROCARBUROS. OF HYDROCARBONS.
DESCRIPCION DE LA INVENCION: DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:
La industria de la fabricación del papel a partir del papel reciclado genera una importante The papermaking industry from recycled paper generates an important
cantidad de residuos no peligrosos, siendo el principal residuo generado el identificado con el amount of non-hazardous waste, the main waste generated being the one identified with the
código LER 030305 "Lodos de destintado procedentes del reciclado de papel". Según el 10 informe "Diagnóstico de la generación y gestión de residuos sólidos en la industria papelera española" publicado en 2007 por Aspapel: 219.047 toneladas, el año 2006 en España. code LER 030305 "Sludge from deinking from paper recycling". According to him 10 report "Diagnosis of the generation and management of solid waste in the paper industry Spanish "published in 2007 by Aspapel: 219,047 tons, the year 2006 in Spain.
El residuo denominado "Lodos de destintado procedentes del reciclado de papel", tiene en peso promedio, aproximadamente un 40% de humedad, un 40% de celulosa, y el restante 20% The waste called "Dewatering sludge from paper recycling", has an average weight, approximately 40% moisture, 40% cellulose, and the remaining 20%
son otras sustancias del papel y añadidos al proceso, como carbonato cálcico y otros materiales orgánicos. They are other substances in the paper and added to the process, such as calcium carbonate and other organic materials.
Estos residuos se gestionan actualmente en su mayoría como tratamiento de suelos agrícolas y en menor medida como complemento en la elaboración de productos cerámicos. These wastes are currently mostly managed as agricultural soil treatment and to a lesser extent as a complement in the production of ceramic products.
20 Esta gestión de residuos supone un coste relevante para la industria papelera, y la aplicación de esta invención puede reducir este coste significativamente al producir un material combustible con valor económico intrínseco. 20 This waste management involves a relevant cost for the paper industry, and the application of this invention can reduce this cost significantly by producing a combustible material with intrinsic economic value.
25 El proceso descrito aporta un medio novedoso de valorización del residuo, si bien la viabilidad económica del proceso y la demanda potencial como combustible industrial, puede llevar al fin de condición de residuo y a la consideración de estos lodos como subproducto, con la ventaja tanto económica como ambiental que esto supone. 25 The described process provides a novel means of recovery of the waste, although the economic viability of the process and the potential demand as an industrial fuel, can lead to the end of the waste condition and to the consideration of these sludges as a byproduct, with both the economic advantage as environmental as this implies.
30 Asimismo, el utilizar en la elaboración de los pellets, hidrocarburos de origen residual, como los identificados con los códigos LER 130701 "Fuel oil y Gasóleo" o 130703 "Otros combustibles líquidos" tras su análisis de idoneidad para cada caso, permite elaborar un CDR (combustible derivado de residuos) de bajo coste y gran calidad, que también podría obtener el fin de condición de residuo, con lo que podría comercializarse amplia y libremente. 30 Likewise, using pellets, hydrocarbons of residual origin, such as those identified with LER codes 130701 "Fuel oil and Diesel" or 130703 "Other liquid fuels" after their suitability analysis for each case, allows to develop CDR (fuel derived from waste) of low cost and high quality, which could also obtain the end of waste condition, which could be marketed widely and freely.
Para este uso son aptos los combustibles líquidos que pasen a ser residuo por no cumplir las Liquid fuels that become waste due to not complying with the
especificaciones de uso para el que se diseñaron, ya que las propiedades de un gasóleo o un specifications of use for which they were designed, since the properties of a diesel or a
fuel necesarias para su uso en motores o quemadores específicos, no son precisas para fuel required for use in specific engines or burners, are not accurate for
añadirlos y comportarse correctamente en un combustible sólido. add them and behave correctly in a solid fuel.
Por otra parte, en el mercado de combustibles sólidos para calefacción, agua caliente o uso industrial, actualmente la oferta se limita a la biomasa (pellets o briquetas elaborados a partir de restos forestales, de la industria de la madera, restos agrícolas, cáscara de frutos secos) o al carbón. On the other hand, in the market for solid fuels for heating, hot water or industrial use, the offer is currently limited to biomass (pellets or briquettes made from forest residues, the wood industry, agricultural remains, shell from nuts) or charcoal.
Los combustibles derivados de residuos tienen el uso limitado a la generación de calor en determinadas industrias (particularmente la cementera) o la generación eléctrica, siempre a cargo de entidades gestoras de residuos. La aplicación de esta invención, además de contribuir a la reducción de un residuo industrial, con ahorro de costes de gestión de residuos, también amplía la oferta general de combustibles sólidos. Waste derived fuels have limited use to heat generation in certain industries (particularly the cement) or power generation, always at position of waste management entities. The application of this invention, in addition to contributing to the reduction of an industrial waste, With cost savings of waste management, it also expands the general supply of fuels solid.
El proceso de elaboración preferente supone: The preferred manufacturing process involves:
Secado de los lodos: El secado debe realizarse a temperatura inferior a 140 grados centígrados, para que no se degrade la celulosa. Este secado puede realizarse mediante circulación de aire caliente en tambor o cinta, o mediante calor directo en un recipiente en movimiento para agitar o remover el producto. Sludge drying: Drying should be carried out at a temperature below 140 degrees Celsius, so that it is not degrade the cellulose. This drying can be done by circulating hot air in drum or tape, or by direct heat in a moving vessel to stir or Remove the product.
Molienda cribado: El producto al secarse forma escamas grandes que imposibilitan su correcta peletización, por lo que se debe moler para obtener una textura similar al serrín, que se pueda pasar por un tamiz no superior a 4 milímetros de paso. Al tamizar quedan corpúsculos de celulosa de unos 5-7 milímetros que pueden volverse a triturar e incorporar al proceso. Grinding screening: The product when drying forms large scales that prevent proper pelletization, by what must be ground to obtain a texture similar to sawdust, which can be passed through a sieve not exceeding 4 millimeters in pitch. When sieving, some cellulose corpuscles remain 5-7 millimeters that can be crushed again and incorporated into the process.
Adición de hidrocarburos: La base del producto es celulosa, que tiene un Poder Calorífico Inferior (PCI) de 3.940 kcalfkg. Para obtener un producto con un PCI superior y un comportamiento adecuado en la combustión, se procede a añadir hidrocarburos, en diferentes proporciones según el comportamiento deseado. Addition of hydrocarbons: The product base is cellulose, which has a Lower Calorific Power (PCI) of 3,940 kcalfkg. To obtain a product with a superior PCI and proper behavior in the combustion, hydrocarbons are added, in different proportions according to the desired behavior
Se ha observado que la adición de parafina derretida consigue que el pellet sea más consistente y duradero en la combustión. Se ha experimentado satisfactoriamente con cantidades entre el 5 % Y el 30% del lodo seco. It has been observed that the addition of melted paraffin makes the pellet more consistent and durable in combustion. You have successfully experimented with amounts between 5% and 30% of the dried mud.
Se ha experimentado con la adición de gasóleo ó fuel, en cantidades desde el 5% al 30%, mezclas con las que se obtienen pellets de poder calorífico elevado, superior a los de biomasa comercializados actualmente. La mezcla es estable en los márgenes referidos y los pellets obtenidos son resistentes y funcionan correctamente entre estos márgenes. It has been experimented with the addition of diesel or fuel, in quantities from 5% to 30%, mixtures with which pellets of high calorific value are obtained, superior to those of biomass currently marketed. The mixture is stable in the referred margins and pellets obtained are resistant and work correctly between these margins.
El mezclado se realiza en movimiento continuo y de forma progresiva para obtener una mezcla uniforme. La mejor opción es el mezclado en tambor con inyección o pulverizado del hidrocarburo. Mixing is carried out continuously and progressively to obtain a mixture uniform. The best option is drum mixing with injection or spraying of the hydrocarbon.
La adición de hidrocarburos se hace preferentemente con el producto tras el secado, calentado entre 40° y 70°, por lo que en el proceso de elaboración industrial, será preferible The hydrocarbon addition is preferably done with the product after drying, heated between 40 ° and 70 °, so that in the industrial manufacturing process, it will be preferable
unir secado y molienda para para obtener directamente el producto fino y seco, de forma que ya salga caliente del proceso para su mezclado con hidrocarburos, ahorrando un nuevo calentamiento. El calor preciso para el secado de los lodos y el calentamiento previo a la mezcla y compactado, puede obtenerse a través de quemadores alimentados por los pellets que se producen. combine drying and grinding to directly obtain the fine and dry product, so that it is already hot out of the process for mixing with hydrocarbons, saving a new heating. The precise heat for sludge drying and preheating and compacting heating can be obtained through burners fed by the pellets that are produced.
Adición de Puede resultar conveniente para el transporte, almacenaje y tratamiento de los pellets previo a su utilización, añadir un aglutinante para evitar que los pellets se quiebren. Si bien no es imprescindible, según necesidades se puede añadir aglutinante para peletización de los utilizados actualmente en disoluciones muy bajas y en cantidades no superiores al 10% en peso. Addition of It may be convenient for the transport, storage and treatment of the pellets prior to use, add a binder to prevent the pellets from breaking. Although it is not essential, according to needs, binder can be added for pelletization of those currently used in very low solutions and in amounts not exceeding 10% by weight.
La adición de aglutinantes no es imprescindible y dependerá de las necesidades futuras y las condiciones de transporte y movimiento de los pellets, ya que únicamente se usan para aportar solidez y resistencia a la rotura. The addition of binders is not essential and will depend on the future needs and conditions of transport and movement of the pellets, since they are only used to provide strength and resistance to breakage.
La mezcla de lodos tras el secado, molienda, cribado y adición de hidrocarburos y aglutinante (no imprescindible, según necesidad) puede ser compactada en diferentes formatos para el uso en diferentes instalaciones. The sludge mixture after drying, grinding, screening and addition of hydrocarbons and binder (not essential, as required) can be compacted in different formats for use in different facilities.
Puede ser peletizada en los formatos que se utilizan actualmente, en pellets cilíndricos de 6 milímetros de diámetro y longitudes entre 1 cm y 3 cm para su uso en quemadores de pellets de biomasa, de 8 milímetros de diámetro para quemadores de pellets industriales, en pastillas It can be pelletized in the formats that are currently used, in cylindrical pellets of 6 millimeters in diameter and lengths between 1 cm and 3 cm for use in biomass pellet burners, 8 millimeters in diameter for industrial pellet burners, in pellets
o tacos para su combustión en calderas de sólidos o en briquetas de tamaños superiores según necesidades. or tacos for combustion in solid boilers or briquettes of larger sizes according to needs.
Se ha experimentado con pellets de 6 mm, de 8 mm, pastillas de 30 mm y en todos los casos el rendimiento energético, comportamiento y resistencia son satisfactorios. No quiebran a la caída desde 1 metro de altura (medida de la fragilidad de los pellets de biomasa) y son secos al tacto. It has been experimented with 6 mm pellets, 8 mm pellets, 30 mm pellets and in all cases the Energy efficiency, behavior and endurance are satisfactory. They don't break the fall from 1 meter high (measure of the fragility of biomass pellets) and are dry at touch.
Según la necesidad y uso, se ajustarán las proporciones de hidrocarburos y aglutinante. Los pellets de biomasa din-plus tienen un poder calorífico (PCI) mayor de 4.300 kcal/kg y una densidad superior a 1,12 kg/dm3, longitud inferior a 5 veces el diámetro. Depending on the need and use, the proportions of hydrocarbons and binder will be adjusted. Din-plus biomass pellets have a calorific value (PCI) greater than 4,300 kcal / kg and a density greater than 1.12 kg / dm3, length less than 5 times the diameter.
Como ejemplo, se ha experimentado con mezcla de parafina al 15% y 20% de fuel (calculados sobre el residuo seco). Mediante compresión se obtienen pellets con densidad 1,42 kg/dm3 y PCI mayor de 5.000 kcal/kg. Los pellets de 3 centímetros de diámetro y 3 centímetros de longitud así compactados, consiguen la ignición al contacto directo con llama, arden durante 15 minutos y posteriormente mantienen una brasa viva durante más de 10 minutos, lo que permite su uso en calderas de sólidos, sustituyendo a otros combustibles como el carbón mineral. As an example, it has been experimented with a mixture of 15% paraffin and 20% fuel (calculated on the dry residue). By compression, pellets with density 1.42 kg / dm3 are obtained and PCI greater than 5,000 kcal / kg. The pellets 3 centimeters in diameter and 3 centimeters in length thus compacted, they get ignition to direct contact with flame, burn during 15 minutes and then keep a live grill for more than 10 minutes, which allows its use in solid boilers, replacing other fuels such as coal mineral.
Pellets de 6 milímetros de diámetro de 10 a 25 milímetros de longitud, con el 15% de parafina y 15 % de gasóleo, también superan las especificaciones requeridas para los pellet de biomasa din-plus. 6 mm diameter pellets 10 to 25 mm long, with 15% paraffin and 15% diesel, also exceed the specifications required for din-plus biomass pellets.
Se pueden compactarfpeletizar por compresión en molde, en peletizadoras de matriz anular o matriz plana, en compactadoras por moldes cilíndricos alveolados o en briquetadoras. They can be compacted by compression in mold, in annular matrix or flat matrix pelletizers, in compactors by alveolated cylindrical molds or in briquetting machines.
Claims (7)
- 15 4. -"Procedimiento de obtención de un combustible sólido compuesto por lodos de destintado procedentes del reciclado del papel e hidrocarburos" caracterizado porque en el procedimiento de molienda indicado en la reivindicación 2, el producto seco se muele para obtener un tamaño entre 1 y 4 milímetros. Las partículas que no pasan este cribado, se muelen nuevamente y reincorporan al proceso. 4. - "Procedure for obtaining a solid fuel composed of dewatering sludge from paper and hydrocarbon recycling" characterized in that in the grinding process indicated in claim 2, the dried product is ground to obtain a size between 1 and 4 millimeters The particles that do not pass this screening, are ground again and return to the process.
- 20 5. -"Procedimiento de obtención de un combustible sólido compuesto por lodos de destintado procedentes del reciclado del papel e hidrocarburos" caracterizado porque al producto obtenido según los pasos descritos en las reivindicaciones anteriores, se le añaden hidrocarburos, en proporción que puede variar entre e15% y el 30% sobre el peso del producto seco y molido, según las especificaciones requeridas. 20 5. - "Procedure for obtaining a solid fuel composed of dewatering sludge from paper and hydrocarbon recycling" characterized in that to the product obtained according to the steps described in the preceding claims, hydrocarbons are added, in proportion that may vary between e15% and 30% on the weight of the dry and ground product, according to the required specifications.
- 25 6. -"Procedimiento de obtención de un combustible sólido compuesto por lodos de destintado procedentes del reciclado del papel e hidrocarburos" caracterizado por la utilización de parafinas, gasóleo o fuel como los hidrocarburos descritos en la reivindicación nº 5. 6. - "Procedure for obtaining a solid fuel composed of dewatering sludge from paper and hydrocarbon recycling" characterized by the use of paraffins, diesel or fuel as the hydrocarbons described in claim 5.
- 8. 8.
- -"Procedimiento de obtención de un combustible sólido compuesto por lodos de destintado procedentes del reciclado del papel e hidrocarburos" caracterizado porque el proceso de mezcla del producto descrito en las reivindicaciones 1 a 4 y los hidrocarburos, se realiza con el producto descrito en las reivindicaciones 1 a 4, a temperatura entre 40 y 70 grados centígrados. - "Procedure for obtaining a solid fuel composed of dewatering sludge from paper and hydrocarbon recycling" characterized in that the process of mixing the product described in claims 1 to 4 and hydrocarbons is carried out with the product described in the claims 1 to 4, at a temperature between 40 and 70 degrees Celsius.
- 9. 9.
- -"Procedimiento de obtención de un combustible sólido compuesto por lodos de destintado procedentes del reciclado del papel e hidrocarburos" caracterizado porque - "Procedure for obtaining a solid fuel composed of dewatering sludge from paper and hydrocarbon recycling" characterized in that
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201200136A ES2420082B1 (en) | 2012-02-16 | 2012-02-16 | Solid fuel in the form of pellets, pellets or briquettes, made from dewatering sludge from paper recycling, with the addition of hydrocarbons |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201200136A ES2420082B1 (en) | 2012-02-16 | 2012-02-16 | Solid fuel in the form of pellets, pellets or briquettes, made from dewatering sludge from paper recycling, with the addition of hydrocarbons |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2420082A1 true ES2420082A1 (en) | 2013-08-21 |
| ES2420082B1 ES2420082B1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201200136A Expired - Fee Related ES2420082B1 (en) | 2012-02-16 | 2012-02-16 | Solid fuel in the form of pellets, pellets or briquettes, made from dewatering sludge from paper recycling, with the addition of hydrocarbons |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2420082B1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5496384A (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 1996-03-05 | Jeskey; Brian E. | Artificial fireplace log |
| ES2238169A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-08-16 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Soil conditioning material obtained from papermaking bleaching sludge consists of fertilizing and cementing agents incorporated in a product protected against anaerobic fermentation |
| ES2282056B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-06-16 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | USE OF DESTINATION MUDS FROM THE PAPER INDUSTRY FOR THE ELIMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN WATERPROOF DISSOLUTION. |
| KR20090019168A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-02-25 | 손민일 | Solid fuel of pellet form and method for preparation there of |
| ES2338981A1 (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2010-05-13 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Absorbent-adsorbent bifunctional material obtained from paper destination sludge, process of obtaining and use. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
-
2012
- 2012-02-16 ES ES201200136A patent/ES2420082B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5496384A (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 1996-03-05 | Jeskey; Brian E. | Artificial fireplace log |
| ES2238169A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-08-16 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Soil conditioning material obtained from papermaking bleaching sludge consists of fertilizing and cementing agents incorporated in a product protected against anaerobic fermentation |
| ES2282056B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-06-16 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | USE OF DESTINATION MUDS FROM THE PAPER INDUSTRY FOR THE ELIMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN WATERPROOF DISSOLUTION. |
| KR20090019168A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-02-25 | 손민일 | Solid fuel of pellet form and method for preparation there of |
| ES2338981A1 (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2010-05-13 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Absorbent-adsorbent bifunctional material obtained from paper destination sludge, process of obtaining and use. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Base de datos WPI, semana 200941, Thomson Scientific, Londres, GB; [recuperado el 21/11/2012] Recuperado de: EPOQUE; Nº de acceso: 2009-F83794[24] & KR20090019168 A (MIN I S) 25/02/2009 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2420082B1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
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