ES2395252A1 - Method of control of electrical supply. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Method of control of electrical supply. An electrical demand management method is described that allows efficiently managing the consumption and distribution of electric power in the event that situations or anomalies in the electricity distribution network are detected. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Electricity control method

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is framed in the field of electric power distribution, more specifically the object of the invention is the intelligent management and optimization of electric power distribution networks.

The object of the invention allows an optimized management of the electrical distribution based on the control of the electrical distribution making use of various devices and applying different procedures depending on a series of parameters.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The electricity network as we have known it until today, centralized and regulated, is evolving towards a liberalized network, with a high degree of distribution of the generation and in which, despite everything, dispatch operators have the obligation to maintain reliability and quality of supply. This situation is giving rise to the definition of the new roles and responsibilities that correspond to each participant in the process of generation, transport, distribution and consumption of energy, as well as the preponderant position of electrical energy whose use is continually increasing.

In this way the efficiency in electricity consumption by end customers is very low. The articulation of systems and mechanisms that provide incentives and that make it possible to rationalize the way in which all final customers consume electricity is essential and has the following advantages:

The operators of European transport systems, make use of the control of the load in case of emergency, the methods they use are abrupt: interruptibility contracts with large industrial consumers or low frequency relays that automatically disconnect large amounts of cargo in cases of overload .

The improvement of transport and electricity distribution infrastructures is calculated depending on the expected evolution of the electricity consumption points; There are cases in which demand reaches its peak of consumption for a few hours a year, forcing inefficient investment needs in equipment. The ability to control part of the load during those peak hours increases productivity and prevents the construction of new plants.

This requires a "demand management", tremendously broad term whose meaning is subject to multiple interpretations depending on the forum or country in which we are. Below is a classification of types of initiatives that fall within the meaning of demand management:

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Type1: Indirect initiatives that seek to increase energy efficiency or reduce electricity consumption. These are initiatives that seek effects on the long-term consumption curve. Typical examples of this type of initiatives are the promotion and financing of efficient appliances, light bulbs and motors. The installation of systems energy control systems would also fall into this category.

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Type 2: Initiatives based on sending price signals to customers. There are many variants within this category, but the characteristic that defines all of them is that the customer receives electricity at a different price depending on the time of day. Prices and periods can be fixed and clearly set by contract, or they can be variable. The most variable version is one in which the hourly price paid by the customer is totally linked to the market price. These types of agreements are often called Dynamic Pricing. Another type of intermediate agreement is the commonly called Critical Peak Pricing (CPP), where the customer consumes electricity at a fixed price, less on certain days or periods considered critical in which the price is much higher. These periods are unknown in principle and are communicated to customers well in advance. One of the most important experiences is that carried out by EDF in France, where there is such a system in which 10 million customers participate. The greatest barrier to the implementation of these contracts is the need for advanced measures that are generated.

•

Type 3: Control initiatives in which there are pre-established standards that encourage a reduction in consumption by customers. The identifying characteristic of the initiatives included in this category is that the control actions (reduction of consumption) are executed by the clients themselves. An example of this type of initiatives is the Red Eléctrica interruptibility contract. Through this type of procedure, end customers or users obtain electricity at a reduced price in exchange for the firm commitment to reduce their consumption when the

Dealer request it. The annual number of events, the maximum duration of the reduction, the maximum activation time, and the minimum value of the power to be reduced are pre-established.

•

Type 4: Control initiatives in which the load is directly controlled externally by the program promoter. They require the existence of communication between the promoter and the participating clients. Typical examples of these types of initiatives are those that allow the total or partial disconnection of domestic or commercial appliances that provide a certain degree of thermal inertia. The general control system consists of grouping appliances of the same type and controlling all the devices of the group in the same way. Groups can include several tens of thousands of appliances, such as water heaters, heaters and air conditioning equipment.

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Type 5: Initiatives or market structures that allow the participation of customers offering a reduction in consumption. These types of initiatives are grouped under the name of Demand Side Bidding (DSB).

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Type 6: Initiatives in which an effective reduction of the consumption of an installation is achieved through the on-site generation connection. Despite being completely different from each other, any type of initiative mentioned above falls within the general definition of demand management.

The terminology used in the documentation and technical publications surrounding demand management also requires clarification.

Listed and explained below are a list of acronyms and Anglo-Saxon terms:

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DSM: Demand Side Management, or demand management. General term to name demand management. In principle it includes all the previous types. In many forums and publications this term is usually used to refer only to type 1 initiatives (passive or energy efficient).

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DR: Demand Response, or demand response. Extremely popular term in the USA. Type 2 and type 3 initiatives fall under this denomination. The name comes from the fact that the customer (the demand) responds to an external stimulus, and is responsible for making the reduction of consumption effective.

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DSB: Demand Side Bidding, or demand bid. It refers to type 5 initiatives, in which the client makes offers to reduce consumption.

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DLC: Direct Load Control, or direct load control. Regular designation of type 4 initiatives. The customer's load is controlled directly from the outside, no human action or intelligence is required by the equipment installed in the client.

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DSI: Demand Side Integration, or demand integration. New term proposed by the CIGRE C06.09 working group dedicated to demand management. Try to encompass all of the above terms.

At this point it is possible to delve a little deeper into the definition of Demand Response:

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Manual-DR (manual demand response): The actions necessary to reduce consumption are carried out manually by the customer. It is required that an operator is always alert to possible reduction orders. Today, most medium-sized commercial customers (possible reductions around 100kW) participate in the initiatives in this way.

•

Auto-DR (automatic demand response): Both the receipt of the stimulus or order to reduce consumption, and the execution of control actions are automatic. This modality requires the existence of intelligent equipment in the premises of the client.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention proposes a solution to the problem previously posed of the management of the distribution of electric energy according to the demand by means of the implementation of a method of optimization of the distribution of electric energy that allows, by means of the execution by local controllers by way of intelligent energy control equipment of a series of instructions and intervention methods, obtain optimum performance of the distribution of electrical energy. The incorporation of these local controllers in the client's facilities allows an improvement in the global energy efficiency, reducing the energy consumption of the installation in critical situations of the electricity grid, a reduction in consumption peaks so as to avoid exceeding the contracted power and fall into penalties and finally an automation of functions such as air conditioning control, lighting, security, fire protection system, access control, etc.

The method object of the invention is based on the selective and temporary intervention of the electricity supply to an end user previously notified of the intervention to be carried out by means of a notice that is sent to one or several local multifunctional controllers that the user has installed in his home . Said notice allows the user to cancel the control event or order sent during the time between the receipt of the warning message and the start of the execution of the control event; to perform the cancellation, the user only has to press a button on the local controller thus canceling the order or event or a button connected to one or more controllers; Of course the cancellation of the event is communicated to the distributor or any other initiator or sender of the sending of the control event for their knowledge.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:

Figure 1.- Shows a flow chart of the method object of the invention.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In view of the figures, a preferred embodiment of the method object of this invention is described below.

The electricity demand supply control method in an electric power distribution network object of the invention is carried out by an electric power distributor when it detects an abnormal situation in an electric distribution network; This situation may be a congestion in the electricity distribution network, a collapse in the network, voltage spikes, a forecast of shortage of supply or another situation that requires one or more power outages in the network to maintain the stability of the same.

In order to establish when one of these situations occurs, the situation is identified by the electricity distributor, a situation that requires an event of control of electricity supply by taking input data using communication means (3) which connect both a central process system (1) with ones and a local controller (2) as well as the central process system (1) with the Internet or other networks. Said communication means can be wireless or wired, in this embodiment, use is made of radio communication systems, GPRS or 3G mobile communication modules.

In this example of a preferred embodiment, a congestion situation arises, for this purpose the input data that is useful for the detection of these situations is data referring to a congestion zone that allows geographically locating the area where users are located (4 ) to those who send a control event that reduces their consumption, data referred to a congestion time that determines how long the situation occurs, and at least one power value to reduce during the congestion period.

This data is received, stored and processed in a central processing system (1), normally located at the distributor's premises and where at least one user (4) is selected to execute on which to execute at least one event of control to solve the situation found, in this case a congestion in the network.

Together with this data, the central process system (4) has a consumer database that includes:

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Data referring to the zone of the final user (4) that allow to geographically locate the user and see if it is in the congestion zone, to determine if it would be a user (4) capable of being controlled or intervened.

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Data referring to the minimum time of advance notice of the control order, each user (4) may have a different time since the local controller (2) can be located in areas that are not easily accessible.

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Number of actions allowed, this parameter sets the number of cancellations for a certain period of time that the user can perform (4).

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Data referred to control margins depending on the season of the year, logically each station has temperature and light levels that can be taken into account when processing the data and determining a control event.

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Data referring to control margins depending on the time of day, as in the previous case each moment of the day has temperature and light levels that can be taken into account when processing the data and determining an event of control.

Once one or more users have been selected (4), a notice is sent by means of communication (3), a notice to the local controller (2) installed in the user's home (4) on a shipment of the event control, said warning is shown on a screen of a local controller (2), installed in the user's home (4) and connected by means of communication (3), said notice is shown on the screen for a period

5 called notice time.

After this pre-warning period has elapsed, the local controller (2) executes the control event by selectively switching off or disconnecting one or more of the user's electrical appliances (4), such as turning off lights, disconnecting air conditioners, etc. or directly disconnect the user (4). To accomplish this, the controller

10 local (2) is connected to said devices by means of a control panel that allows to control the on / off or regulation of said devices. In this example, a congestion has been detected that requires based on the data present in the consumer database, so that the user (4) does not perceive in a sensitive way the consequences of the control event sent and executed,

15 If, for whatever reason, such as a very hot summer day, the user (4) receives the notice shown on the screen of the local controller (2), it can cancel the event associated with the notice as it cannot Dispense with the air conditioner, for example, you can cancel the event by operating a button connected to the local controller (2). The control event can be canceled, by the user (4), both in the period of notice and during the execution thereof from the local controller (2) located in the user facilities

20 (4).

Claims (7)

1. Method of control of electricity supply in an electricity distribution network characterized in that it comprises:

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make a collection of input data by a distributor using means of communication (3) of electricity to identify a situation that requires an event of control of electricity supply,

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send said input data to a central processing system (1),

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process said data together with a consumer database to select by means of the central process system (1) at least one user (4) on which to execute at least one control event,

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send by means of communication (3) a notice to a local controller (2) installed in the user's home (4) about a shipment of a control event,

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display the notice on a screen of a local controller (2), installed at the user's home (4), during a period of notice,

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send the control event to the local controller (2) that is located at the address of said local user (4), after the expiration time has elapsed (3), and

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 execute the control event by means of the local controller (2) making a restriction of the power supply to the user (4).

2.

Method according to claim (1) characterized in that the situation is selected from: a congestion in the electricity distribution network and a forecast of supply shortage.

3.

Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it further comprises canceling the control order by means of a button connected to the local controller (2).

Four.

Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the input data is selected from:

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data referring to a congestion zone,

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data referred to a congestion time, and

-at least one power value to reduce during the congestion period.

5.

Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the consumer database comprises:

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data referring to the zone of the final user (4),

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data referring to the minimum time of notice of execution of the control order,

-number of actions allowed,

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data referring to control margins depending on the season of the year, and

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data referring to control margins depending on the time of day.

6.

Method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the communication means

(3) are wireless by radio waves. SPANISH OFFICE OF THE PATENTS AND BRAND Application no .: 201031687 SPAIN Date of submission of the application: 17.11.2010 Priority Date: REPORT ON THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE 51 Int. Cl.: G05B13 / 02 (2006.01) H02J13 / 00 (2006.01) RELEVANT DOCUMENTS

Category

56 Documents cited Claims Affected

X

COBELO, I .; RODRÍGUEZ, J.E .; BOYRA, M .; ANDUAGA, J .; CASTELLANOS, A .; Economical and technical viability of demand response in the Spanish power system: The “OPTIGES” project; CIRED Seminar 2008: SmartGrids for Distribution, June 2008, pages 1-4. 1-4.6

TO

5

TO

COBELO, I .; BOYRA, M .; CASTELLANOS, A .; Commercial building load modeling for demand response applications, 20th International Conference on Electricity Distribution, CIRED 2009, June 2009, pages 1-4. 1-6

TO

WO 2009 085610 A2 (ACLARA POWER LINE SYSTEMS INC et al.) 09.07.2009, page 1, line 10 - page 3, line 17, page 3, line 22 - page 5, line 10; page 6, line 7 - page 12, line 24; figures. 1-6

TO

MOHAGHEGHI, S .; STOUPIS, J .; ZHENYUAN WANG; ZHAO LI; KAZEMZADEH, H .; Demand Response Architecture: Integration into the Distribution Management System, IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm), pages 501-506, October 2010. 1,2,6

TO

BAITCH, A .; CHUANG, A .; MAURI, G .; SCHWAEGERL, C .; International perspectives on demand-side integration, 19th International Conference on Electricity Distribution, CIRED 2007, May 2007, pages 1-4. [retrieved on 01/24/2013]. Recovered from the Internet: <http://www.cired.net/CIRED07/pdfs/CIRED2007_0914_paper.pdf> one

TO

NAUDE, HL .; Demand-side management by centralized ripple control system, Domestic Use of Electrical Energy Conference, 1995, pages 71-76. [retrieved on 01/24/2013]. Recovered from the Internet: <http://timetable.cput.ac.za/_other_web_files/_cue/DUE/1995/PDF/28% 20Naude% 20HL.pdf> one

Category of the documents cited X: of particular relevance Y: of particular relevance combined with other / s of the same category A: reflects the state of the art O: refers to unwritten disclosure P: published between the priority date and the date of priority submission of the application E: previous document, but published after the date of submission of the application

This report has been prepared • for all claims • for claims no:

Date of realization of the report 28.01.2013

Examiner M. J. Lloris Meseguer Page 1/5

REPORT OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE Minimum documentation sought (classification system followed by classification symbols) G05B, H02J Electronic databases consulted during the search (name of the database and, if possible, terms of search used) INVENES, EPODOC, WPI, INSPEC, INTERNET  WRITTEN OPINION Date of Written Opinion: 28.01.2013 Statement

Novelty (Art. 6.1 LP 11/1986)

Claims 2, 5 Claims 1, 3, 4, 6 IF NOT

Inventive activity (Art. 8.1 LP11 / 1986)

Claims 5 Claims 1-4, 6 IF NOT

The application is considered to comply with the industrial application requirement. This requirement was evaluated during the formal and technical examination phase of the application (Article 31.2 Law 11/1986).  Opinion Base.- This opinion has been made on the basis of the patent application as published. WRITTEN OPINION  1. Documents considered.- The documents belonging to the state of the art taken into consideration for the realization of this opinion are listed below.

Document

Publication or Identification Number publication date

D01

COBELO, I .; RODRÍGUEZ, J.E .; BOYRA, M .; ANDUAGA, J .; CASTELLANOS, A .; Economical and technical viability of demand response in the Spanish power system: The “OPTIGES” project; CIRED Seminar 2008: SmartGrids for Distribution, June 2008, pages 1-4.

D02

COBELO, I .; BOYRA, M .; CASTELLANOS, A .; Commercial building load modeling for demand response applications, 20th International Conference on Electricity Distribution, CIRED 2009, June 2009, pages 1-4.

D03

WO 2009 085610 A2 (ACLARA POWER LINE SYSTEMS INC et al.) 07.07.2009

D04

MOHAGHEGHI, S .; STOUPIS, J .; ZHENYUAN WANG; ZHAO LI; KAZEMZADEH, H .; Demand Response Architecture: Integration into the Distribution Management System, IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm), pages 501-506, October 2010.

D05

BAITCH, A .; CHUANG, A .; MAURI, G .; SCHWAEGERL, C .; International perspectives on demand-side integration, 19th International Conference on Electricity Distribution, CIRED 2007, May 2007, pages 1-4. [retrieved on 01/24/2013]. Recovered from the Internet: <http://www.cired.net/CIRED07/pdfs/ CIRED2007_0914_paper.pdf>

D06

NAUDE, HL .; Demand-side management by centralized ripple control system, Domestic Use of Electrical Energy Conference, 1995, pages 71-76. [retrieved on 01/24/2013]. Recovered from the Internet: <http://timetable.cput.ac.za/_other_web_files/_cue/ DUE / 1995 / PDF / 28% 20Naude% 20HL.pdf>

 2. Statement motivated according to articles 29.6 and 29.7 of the Regulations for the execution of Law 11/1986, of March 20, on Patents on novelty and inventive activity; quotes and explanations in support of this statement Of all the documents recovered from the state of the art, document D01 is considered to be the closest to the Request analyzed. The claims of the application are then compared with document D01. Claim 1 Document D01 describes a method of controlling electrical supply in an electrical power distribution network that understands: -Identify by a distributor a situation that requires a power supply control event, entering some input data in a central process system. -Process in the central process system the above data to determine the consumers on which to execute a control event -Send, through a means of communication, a notice about sending a control event to a local controller installed in the place of the consumer. -Show the notice on a screen of a local controller installed in the place of the consumer, during a time of notice. -Send the control event to the controller after the pre-warning period has elapsed local installed in the place of the consumer. -Execute the control event through the local controller making a restriction of the electricity supply to the consumer. After analysis of document D01, the features described in independent claim 1 are disclosed by said document, whereby claim 1 does not meet the requirement of novelty according to article 6.1 LP. Claim 2 The invention defined in claim 2 differs from document D01 in that it indicates that the situation is selected from: a congestion in the electricity distribution network and a forecast of shortage of supply. However, this difference is not considered to confer any element of inventive significance with respect to the state of the art known, as for example illustrates document D03 (see page 1, line 10-page 3, line 17), thus not complying with the inventive activity requirement in accordance with article 8.1 LP.  WRITTEN OPINION Claim 3 Document D01 indicates that the control order can be canceled by means of a button connected to the local controller. By therefore, it can be concluded that, in view of the state of the known art, claim 3 does not meet the requirement of novelty according to article 6.1 LP. Claim 4 Document D01 indicates that the input data are relative to the period of the incident, location in the network of the incidence and optimal amount of load that should be reduced to solve the incidence. Therefore, it can be concluded that, in view of the state of the known art, claim 4 does not meet the requirement of novelty according to article 6.1 LP. Claim 5 In document D01 the central processing system takes into account data referring to the consumer zone for Determine the consumers on which to run a control event. In claim 5 it is indicated that in addition to the previous data, the central process system takes into account: -data referring to the minimum time of notice of execution of the control order, -number of actions allowed, -data related to control margins depending on the season of the year, and -data referring to margins of control based on the time of day, to determine the consumers on which to execute a control event None of the documents cited in the State of the Art Report, or any relevant combination thereof, Reveals these possibilities. Therefore, claim 5 presents novelty and inventive activity as set forth in Articles 6.1 and 8.1 LP. Claim 6 Document D01 indicates that the communication means are wireless by radio waves. Therefore, you can conclude that, in view of the state of the known art, claim 6 does not meet the requirement of novelty according to Article 6.1 LP.