ES2387169B1 - SCRAPED SURFACE HEAT EXCHANGER - Google Patents

Abstract

Scraped surface heat exchanger comprising # thermal transmission tubes (3) through which a thermal transmission fluid, heater or coolant flows, from a thermal transmission fluid inlet (1a) to a thermal transmission fluid outlet ( 1b); # an internal chamber (2) with a fluid inlet to be treated (2c) and a fluid outlet to be treated (2d); # at least one vertical scraper plate (4) movable along the longitudinal axis of the inner chamber (2) by means of displacement means (10) with two through holes (5) crossed by the thermal transmission tubes (3), and is sized to allow the fluid to be treated to pass from one side to the opposite side of the plate (4) when it travels along the longitudinal axis; # each through hole (5) comprises an inner scraper edge (5a) that scratches the outer surface (3a) of the thermal transmission tube (3) that go through

Description

SCRAPED SURFACE HEAT EXCHANGER TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention falls within the technical field of heat exchangers and, particularly in heat exchange heat exchangers used to transmit heat from a fluid to be treated to a thermal transmission fluid.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Conventional heat exchangers of

, + - ''

lnL-erCamül.O used to transmit heat from a fluid to be treated to a conventional thermal transmission fluid usually employ a cylinder through which a thermal transmission fluid flows and through whose internal chamber longitudinal tubes run along which it flows a fluid to be treated, such as gas, steam, a liquid of reduced viscosity

or a high viscosity liquid.

To improve the thermal exchange, some of these int, heat exchangers comprise means that rotate to agitate the thermal transmission fluid in order to take better advantage of its thermal energy absorption capacity which, however, results in the disadvantage that these They are quite complex, expensive and susceptible to breakdown systems. In these heat exchangers, there is the additional disadvantage that the interior surfaces of the tubes carrying the fluid to be treated are susceptible to being affected by fouling caused by deposits and fouling of substances from the fluid to be treated that is cooled or heated, of way, and that cause a reduction in heat exchange capacity. To mitigate this additional problem, heat exchangers, such as those described in Spanish Patent ES-2158752-Bl, have been disposed of scraper elements that move reciprocatingly through the interior of the tubes through which it flows the fluid to be treated and, during that displacement, scratch the inner surfaces of the tubes. However, the mechanical implantation of these

elements

scrapers too result complex, expensive Y

liable to

breakdowns

DESCRIPTION

FROM THE INVENTION

The

Present invention have by object overcome the

drawbacks of the state of the art detailed above, by means of a scraped surface heat exchanger comprising a housing with an inner chamber having a first end and a second end, a plurality of tubes extending through the inner chamber along of a long-itudinal axis of the inner chamber, and a scraper device for scratching respective surfaces of the tubes, in which

the tubes are t, ubos of thermal transmission through which at least one thermal transmission fluid flows from a thermal transmission fluid inlet to a thermal transmission fluid outlet;

the internal chamber comprises at least one fluid inlet to be treated and one fluid outlet to be treated;

the scraper device comprises at least one reciprocating scraper plate along the longitudinal axis of the inner chamber by means of displacement means, each plate being arranged in a transverse plane with respect to the longitudinal axis of the inner chamber;

The scraper plate comprises two through holes respectively crossed by one of the thermal transmission tubes, and is sized to occupy at least part of the transverse plane of the inner chamber to allow the fluid to be treated to pass from one side of the scraper plate to an opposite side when the scraper plate travels along the longitudinal axis;

Each through hole through a thermal transmission tube comprises an inner scraper edge that slides over and contacts the outer surface of the thermal transmission tube that passes through it, to scratch said outer surface.

In the context of the present invention, the terms

"fluid to be treated" and "transmission fluid t, thermic"

respectively they mean "fluid to cool" or "fluid to

heat ", and" cooling fluid "or" fluid of

heating "while the term" transmission tube

5

thermal "means" cooling tube "or" tube

heating. "In this way, the present invention can be

Applies to cooling fluids flowing through pipes

fluid cooling to cool fluids to cool

flowing through the inner chamber of the housing, or to fluids of

10

heating flowing through heating tubes to

heating fluids to be heated flowing through said chamber. By

On the other hand, the term "fluid" can be a vapor, a gas, a

liquid and / or a viscous liquid substance, preferably a

vapor a gas, a liquid and / or a viscous substance in the case

fifteen

of the fluid to be treated and, in the case, of the transmission fluid

thermal, a liquid, such as water, ammonia, etc.

As can be seen, the present invention follows a

operating philosophy opposite to that of

heat exchangers (11 ::. conventional heat as its principle

twenty

basic is to pass the fluid to be treated through the

entire inner chamber while the fluid of

heat treatment goes through the thermal transmission tubes,

preferably made of a +. 1maL-er], a, L of a high degree

of thermal transmission. In this way, the surfaces

25

Inner thermal transmission tubes do not enter

contact with the fluid to be treated, so that you are

surfaces do not suffer soiling that can lead to

deposits or deposits caused by the fluid to be treated. By

another part, e, the scraper plate (s) constitute a means

3 o

Simple and effective to clean the surface, s exteriors of the

thermal transmission tubes that are still in contact with the

fluid to be treated in addition to allowing an effective <;

liquid to be treated, all of which allows to obtain and maintain a

High <; thermal intercarnite rado since the or the s plates shake

35

the fluid boundary layer propelling it into the fluid bosom

to try that is in motion.

The arrangement described above allows the exchanger to adopt any sectional, square, rectangular triangular, circular shape, and that the plate or plates of

scratched

equally have that same section already that the that

must

to have the plates scratch you pray They are the orifi cios from such

way

that to through from they pass the pipes of the

exchanger The scraper plates are preferably made when the threaded hole is made in the same plate, made of a softer material than the thermal transmission tubes, so that wear occurs in the plates and not in the exchanger tubes. These plates will be made of bronze or plastic alloys such as polyaryl ether ether ketone (PEEK polyaryletheretherketone) which is an organic polymer with excellent resistance and chemical properties at high temperatures (http: //en.,vikipedia.org/ \ AJiki / PEEK). On the other hand, the plates can also be of a harder material than that of the tubes if the through holes are provided in

its inner edges are friction rings made of a softer material than the material of the thermal transmission tubes.

In a first embodiment d.e la. i.n "Tendency, there is tIna

single scraper plate comprising a number of through holes at least equal to the number of thermal transmission tubes, the scraper plate being reciprocating along the longitudinal axis, and being arranged such that it travels longitudinally through the tubes of thermal transmission through its through holes. In the event that the scraper plate had more through holes than t-tubes, thermal transmission present in the inner chamber, these remaining through holes may be traversed by the fluid to be treated when the scraper plate is moved, so that produces additional flows which can be advantageous, for example, in the case that the fluid to be treated

be viscous In this first embodiment the scraper plate

can be supported, for stabilization, superiorly

by at least one guide rod, preferably two, which is

extends in the inner chamber 10 along the longitudinal axis

5

And that goes through a guide hole in the scraper plate.

Preferably, the guide rod has a surface of

low friction p "dictionally, the scraper plate can also

be guided inferiorly in at least one guide rod c.

extends in the chamber less than 10 along the longitudinal axis

10

of the inner chamber and that also crosses the guide hole

corresponding on the scraper plate. or

complementarily, the bottom of the scraper plate

may e, star attached to at least one sliding support, as per

example a low friction pat.in which moves in a guide

fifteen

bottom, such as a sliding surface, arranged

at the bottom of the inner chamber.

In a second embodiment of the invention, the

int. heat exchanger comprises a plurality of plates

scraper, s. Each scraper plate comprises a number of

2 o

through holes at least equal to part number

of the number of thermal transmission tubes that pass through it.

On the other hand, total number of through holes is at least

same as the number of thermal transmission tubes that

They go through the scraper plates. The scraper plates are

25

reciprocating along the longitudinal axis in a

same direction, and are arranged in such a way that each plate

scraper moves longitudinally through the tubes Q'a '-

thermal transmission through its through holes.

According to this embodiment, there are interstices between the

30

lateral edges of the plates so that the fluid to be treated

It can flow when they move. Such an arrangement is

especially advantageous when the fluid to be treated has a

high viscosity This effect can be enhanced if the plates

scrapers are arranged in longitudinally positions

35

outdated

In the second embodiment of the exchanger according to the invention, at least one scraper plate, preferably the upper scraper plate (s), is peripherally supported by at least one strut qui.a, preferably provided with a low friction surface, which extends in the inner chamber along the longitudinal axis and through a chia hole in the scraper plate. Preferably, at least the upper plate or plates have

two

holes who crossed by two suspenders who of the

kind

before indicated.

From

agreement with the invention, he first extreme from the

camera

inside may to be closed by a first device

of closing with at least a first collecting chamber and a first closing plate separating the first collecting chamber from the inner chamber while the second end of the inner chamber may be closed by a second closing device with at least a second collecting chamber and a second closing plate that separates the second collection chamber from the inner chamber. In this case, each thermal transmission tube is connected at one end to the first closing plate, leading to the first collection chamber and, at the other end, the second closing plate, leading to the second collection chamber. At the same time, the displacement means extend to each scraper plate from at least one of the closing plates. Preferably, at least one of the closing devices is removable, that is, it is attached to the exchange housing in such a way that it can be easily disassembled and reassembled for easy access to the tubes coupled to the closing plates. (to proceed, for example, to maintenance, repair and / or replacement thereof) or to the inner chamber (to be able, for example, to access the inner chamber and / or the scraper plate (s), for maintenance , repair and / or replacement).

The tran fluid inlet, thermal emission can be connected to the first collecting chamber in which case the outlet

of thermal transmission fluid may be connected to the

Second collecting chamber. Alternatively and preferably, the

first collecting chamber can comprise an input chamber

connected to the thermal transmission fluid inlet and a

5

outlet chamber connected to the transmission fluid outlet

thermal, the input chamber and the chamber being separated

Exit through a partition wall. In this case, the camera of

input is connected The .. a first group of tubes

thermal transmission by which the transmission fluid

10

thermal fl. 'flows to the second collection chamber, while

the output chamber is connected to a second group of tubes

of thermal transmission by which the transmission fluid

thermal flows from the second collecting chamber to said

output chamber

fifteen

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention,

the displacement means comprise at least one spindle

swivel connected to an external motor, such as a

electric motor. This rotating spindle extends along

of the longitudinal axis by the inner chamber and that is coupled

2 o

to a threaded hole in each scraper plate. This hole

threaded may be located in a thickening of the

scraper plate material or in an additional part, such as

for example a nut screwed or welded into the hole of the

scraper plate The ends of the rotating spindle can

25

rotate in individual low-F '"J ... r.lCClon bearings, for example

lead bronze bearings, preferably arranged in

the closing plates described above. The plate or plates

scrapers move linearly in one direction or another in

function of the direction of rotation of the rotating spindle.

30

The greater or lesser speed of rotation of the e je causes a

higher or lower plate travel speed, of

such that, when you want to do a quick cleaning of

the outer surfaces of the thermal transmission tubes

you can either have a single plate that acts on a

35

great speed for a quick sweep, or put several

Plates distributed along the exchanger and act at a lower speed.

Alternatively, the displacement means may also be comprised of at least 1 hydraulic actuator, with a piston connected to at least one scraper plate and extending from one end of the inner chamber along the longitudinal axis, or by at least one Pneumatic actuator, with a piston connected to at least one scraper plate and extending from one end of the internal chamber along the longitudinal axis.

The exchanger described above is also

gifted

from elements Y dispositives from control in yes

conventional,

such horn limiters from finish from career

installed

in points adequate of the exchanger for the

generation

from signals from stop, March Y change from sense,

media

from Transmission of those signals to a system of control,

etc.

BRIEF

DESCRIPTION FROM THE FIGURES

Aspects and embodiments of the invention are described below on the basis of drawings, in which

Figure 1 is a schematic sectional side view of an embodiment of the exchanger according to the present invention;

Figure 2 schematically shows an embodiment of a scraper plate designed for vapors, gases or liquids of reduced viscosity;

Figure 3 is a schematic side sectional view of

An embodiment of the right side of the exchanger shown in Figure 1 ·, Figure 4 is a schematic front elevational view of an embodiment of the left side of the intercarrier shown

in figure 1;

Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view along the line A-A that appears in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a schematic side sectional view of

an embodiment of a scraper plate and its coupling to the

spindle

drive;

the

figure 7 is a view schematic in section

cross

from other realization of the exchanger from hot

according

to the present invention;

·

l. , from

Figure 8 shows schematically another rea.l.zaC.lon a scraper plate designed for vapors, gases or liquids of reduced viscosity;

Figure 9 is a schematic sectional view along the line B-B that appears in Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the present invention;

Figure 11 is a schematic side sectional view of another embodiment of the left side of the exchanger shown in Figure 1;

Figure 12 is a schematic rear elevational view of an embodiment of the left side of the exchanger shown in Figure 11;

Figure 13 is a schematic front elevation view of an embodiment of the left-hand side of the exchanger shown in Figure 11;

Figure 14 is a schematic sectional side view of another embodiment of the exchanger according to the present invention;

Figure 15 schematically shows an embodiment of a scraper plate designed for liquids of high viscosity;

Figure 16 schematically shows an arrangement of scraper plates such as that shown in Figure 15 that can be mounted on the device shown in Figure 14;

Figure 17 is a schematic sectional side view of yet another embodiment of the exchanger according to the present invention;

Figure 18 is a schematic side sectional view of another embodiment of the left side of the exchanger

shown in figure 17; Figure 19 is an enlarged partial view of the part that is enclosed by a circle that appears in Figure 18;

Figure 20 is a schematic rear elevation view of an embodiment of the left side of the exchanger shown in Figure 18;

Figure 21 is a schematic front elevation view of an embodiment of the left side of the intercarnbiator shown in Figure 18;

Figure 22 a side elevation view showing another

1, lzaClon area

from a exchanger from hot according to the

Present

invention Useful for the refrigeration or he

warming up

gas Y vapors;

the

figure 2. 3 is a view in raised later of the

exchanger

heat shown in the figure 22

These

figures understand references numerical that

identify the

following elements:

one

Case

thermal transmission fluid inlet

lb thermal transmission fluid outlet

2 inner chamber

2nd first end of the inner chamber

2b second end of the inner chamber

2c fluid inlet to be treated

2d fluid outlet to be treated

3 thermal transmission tubes

3rd tube surfaces

4 scraper plate

4th threaded hole

4b nut with threaded hole

5 through holes

5th inner edge scraper

5b friction ring

6 guide brace

7 hole guide on the scraper plate

8 first closing device

8th first collecting chamber

8b first closure plate

8c steps on the closing plate

8d central opening

8e blind hole

9 second closing device

9th second collecting chamber

9b first closing plate

9c steps on the closing plate

9d central opening

10 means of travel

11 drive means

12 input camera

13 output chamber

14 partition wall

15 rotating spindle

16 elastic coupling

17 first bearing

17th cap

17b cover

18 second bearing

18th cap

19 inlet distributor duct

19th inlet of the distributor duct

20 outlet manifold

21 collector outlet

22 sliding support

23 sliding surface

MODES OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

, + -, ',

The heat lnc.-ercamül.aaor according to the embodiment shown in Figure 1 comprises a housing -1-with a

inner chamber -2-comprising a first end -2a-and a second end -2b-, at least one fluid inlet to be treated -2c- and a fluid outlet to t_rate -2d-. The first end --2a - of the inner chamber --2 --- is closed by a first closing device -8- with a first collecting chamber -8a and a first closing plate --- 8b --- which separates the first collecting chamber -8a-from the inner chamber -2-. The second end - 2b - of the inner chamber --- 2 - is closed by a second closing device -9-with at least a second collecting chamber 10 -9a-and a second closing plate -9b-which separate the

second collecting chamber -9ade the inner chamber -2-. In turn, thermal transmission fluid input -the-is

connected to the first collecting chamber -8a and the output of

thermal transmission fluid - is connected to the second

fifteen

collecting chamber -9a-.

Through the inner chamber -2 a plurality of

tubes -3 along a longitudinal axis of the chamber

int_erior -2-. The tubes -3 are thermal transmission tubes

-3-through which at least one thermal transmission fluid flows

2 o

from a thermal transmission fluid input -lahacia

a thermal transmission fluid outlet -lb-. Each tube of

-3 thermal transmission is connected by an extreme part to

the first closing plate --- 8b - leading to the first

collecting chamber -8ay for its other extreme part in the second

25

closing plate --- 9b - thus leading to the second

collecting chamber -9a-.

Half the height of the inner chamber --2 - is

longitudinally extends a connected spindle -14,

as can be seen in figure 3, to an external motor -11

30

electrical through an elastic coupling -16-, and rotates in

a first bearing arranged in the first closing plate -8b

and in a second bearing arranged in the second plate (11 ::.

close -9b-. The spindle girat_orio -15 is also coupled to

a scraper plate -4 through a hole ro, scado -4a

35

running through the scraper plate -4-. Threaded hole

-4 is located in a nut -4 drilled into an opening

center that crosses the scraper plate -4-. Plate -4-is

arranged in a transverse plane with respect to the axis

longitudinal of the inner chamber --2-and is movable in

5

swing along the longitudinal axis of the inner chamber

--- 2-depending on your direction of travel from the direction of

rotating spindle rotation -15-.

The scraper plate - 4 - includes through holes - 5--

traversed each by one of the transmission tubes

10

thermal -3-, and is sized to occupy at least part of the

transverse plane of the inner chamber -2 allowing the

fluid to be treated can pass from one side of the scraper plate

-4 to the opposite side when the scraper plate -4 moves to

along the longitudinal axis between the ends -2a-, -2bde

fifteen

the inner flesh -2-. The scraper plate -4 comprises a

plurality of through holes -5-. Each of the holes

through -5 is crossed by respectively one of the tubes

thermal transmission from t_al to the scraper plate

-4-, when moving from one end of the inner chamber to the other

twenty

-2 driven by the rotating spindle, the holes are

slide on the outer surfaces --- 3a-of the tubes

thermal transmission Since the edges of the holes

-5 passers are inside edges scrapers, these scratch the

external surfaces -3 removing them from dirt

25

of the fluid to be treated.

In the realization of the scraper plate -4 shown in

Figure 2, this one has a disk shape and presents so many

through holes -5 as thermal transmission tubes -3-,

arranged in concentric circles around the hole

3 o

threaded -4a-. You can see that the internal scraping edges

-5ade the holes -5 have a biconic shape and are

provided with two friction rings -5b which constitute

the element that scratches the outer surface -3a of the tube

-3 corresponding thermal transmission. The rings of

35

-5 friction are made of a softer material than the

material of the thermal transmission tubes -3-to be the

friction rings the elements that rub and wear,

replacing them with new ones when worn to

thus prevent surfaces -3ade the tubes from

5

thermal transmission -3 wear out.

Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the side of the

heat exchanger in which the second is

-9 locking device and electric motor

drive -11-. It can be seen that the extreme part of the

10

-15 rotating spindle passes a bearing -18 arranged in

the second closing plate -9b-, passing through a bushing

-18up to an elastic coupling -16 connected to the motor

-eleven-. Also, you can see that the ends of the pipes

thermal transmission -3 remain coupled in steps -9cen the

fifteen

closing plate -9 in a disassembled way with interposition of

Sealing gaskets. The latter allows the plate to be disassembled

of closing -9-without having to cut the tubes -3-.

Figures 4 and 5 illustrate an embodiment of the first

-8 closure device and its relationship with the tubes

twenty

thermal transmission -3 and the rotating spindle -15-. As

you can see, on this side of the heat exchanger and in

this embodiment, the rotating spindle -15 also rotates in a

-17 bearing arranged in the closing plate -8 but not

pass that closing plate -17-. Moreover, also in

25

this side the ends of the thermal transmission tubes -3

they are coupled in steps -8cen the closing plate -8de

disassembled form with interposition of gaskets,

which allows disassembling the end plate -8cs without need

of cutting the tubes -3-.

3 o

Figure 6 shows in more detail an embodiment of

The structure of the scraper plate -4-. In this case, the

scraper plate -4 is made of a softer material than

the material of the thermal transmission tubes -3-, so

which inner edges scrapers do not require rings of

35

friction and those inner edges scrapers -5ase go

wearing out without wearing down the tube surfaces -3-.

In

the figure 7 be illustrates a realization in the that the

Case

-one presents a section external square with a

cavity

inside -2 in the that the pipes from transmission

thermal

-3 is it so ready is it so ready in circles

concentric and, therefore, allow the mounting of a scratch plate -4-as shown in Figure 2 or 5. Figure 7 also shows that the top of the scraper plate -4-is peripherally supported by two g-uia braces --6 - with low friction surfaces c-was extended in the inner chamber -2-along the longitudinal axis and through two guide holes -7-on the scraper plate -4 thus remaining stabilized the vertical position of the plate -4 in its displacement. The square external section of the house face -1-allows for easy opening side covers, which simplifies access to the inner chamber -2-.

Figures 8 and 9 show an embodiment of the scraper plate -4-in which it is cross-shaped and with through holes -5-arranged in groups of overlapping rows, namely a group of upper rows arranged above the threaded hole -4a-and a lower row group arranged below the threaded hole -4a-. Obviously, this embodiment of the plate -4-requires that the thermal transmission tubes -3-be arranged differently than shown in the preceding figures and, therefore, the use of closure plates -8-, -9- with steps -8c-, -9c-located in positions that match the rows of holes -5-on plate -4-. The scraper plate -4-also has two guide holes in the vicinity of the upper edge.

The cross shape of the plate -4-leaves free passages in the areas of the four corners of the plate -4-, through which the fluid to be treated can flow during the movement of the plate -4-, which is especially Ideal when the fluid to be treated is a substance of high viscosity.

The embodiment illustrated in Figure 10 differs

of the one shown in figure 7 in which there are no guide braces or guide holes in the scraper plate -4-. Instead, the lower part of the scraper plate -4-est, attached to a sliding slide-22-low-friction, which moves on a sliding surface -23-located in the lower part of the inner chamber -1-.

Figures 11-13 illustrate an embodiment of the first closure device -8-adapted to the cross-shaped scraper plate -4. As can be seen, in this embodiment in this embodiment, the closing plate -8-has, in its upper part neighboring the inner chamber, two blind holes -8e-in which the ends of two guide braces fit (not shown) in figures 11-13) thus a central opening -8d-in which a bearing -17 is connected connected to a bush -17a-which extends towards the face

frontal

of the device from closing -8 where remains surrounded by

a

top -1 7b-, forming So a channel for he He passed from the

first

part extreme of the spindle rotary (no shown in

the

figures 11-13). This have the advantage from allow a

Easier access to the bearing -17- and the rotating spindle. On the other hand, also on this side the ends of the thermal transmission tubes (not shown in figures 11-13) are coupled in steps -8c-in the closing plate -8-in a disassembled way with interposition of sealing gaskets , which allows disassembling the end plate -8c-without cutting the tubes. The steps -8c-are, in this embodiment, arranged in correspondence with the arrangement of the thermal transmission tubes shown in Figure 8.

In Figure 14 another embodiment of the exchanger of the present invention can be seen, in which two scraper plates -4-are arranged in longitudinal positions of, sfa, sada in the rotating spindle -15-. This embodiment is especially suitable for the case that the fluid to be treated is a substance of high viscosity. In this embodiment, by rotating the rotating spindle -15-in a first direction, the

first scraper plate -4 moves to the first plate

-8b and the second scraper plate -4 travels

towards the same direction to a marked central position

with a line of stripes and dots in figure 14 while

5

when the rotating spindle rotates in a second direction,

contrary to the first, the closing plates -4 move in

an opposite direction so that the first plate -4se

moves towards said central position while the second

plate -4 moves to the second closing plate -9-. From

10

this way, each of the scraper plates -4bar a

longitudinal sector of the thermal transmission tubes -3-,

which is especially useful in the event that the fluid to

treat is a substance of high viscosity that offers a

high resistance to displacement of scraper plates

fifteen

-4and, therefore, hinder a rapid movement of

same.

Figures 15 and 16 illustrate an alternative embodiment

in which there is a plurality of scraper plates -4 and in

which each scraper plate -4 a number of through holes

2 o

-5 at least equal to the number of a part of the number of

thermal transmission tubes (not shown in the figures

15-16) that cross it, being, however, the total number

of through holes -5 of the plate assembly -4 equal

that the number of thermal transmission tubes that

25

They cross. In this way, when moving longitudinally in

sway, each of the plates -4barre the surfaces of a

group of thermal transmission tubes -3 and the set of

plates -4-sweep the surfaces -3a-of all tubes -3-.

Figures 17-21 show another embodiment of the

3 o

heat exchanger according to the present invention in the

that the first collecting chamber -8 comprises a camera of

-12 inlet connected to the transmission fluid inlet

-the-thermal and an output chamber -13 connected to the output

of thermal transmission fluid -lb-, e, being separated the

35

-12 input camera and -13 output camera for a

partition wall -14-. The input camera -12 is

connected to a first group of thermal transmission tubes -3

whereby the thermal transmission fluid flows to the

second collecting chamber -9a-, while the output chamber

5

-13 is connected to a second group of transmission tubes

thermal --- 3 '- through which thermal transmission fluid flows

from the second collecting chamber -9 towards said chamber of

exit - 13--. In this way, the thermal transmission fluid

runs through the inner chamber ~ - two ", you tease so that it

10

produces an especially intense thermal transmission between the

fluid to be treated and the thermal transmission fluid in the case

that the fluids to be treated are vapors or gases.

In figures 22 and 23, an embodiment of a

heat exchanger in accordance with the present invention useful

fifteen

for refrigeration <; Pouring or heating <; Jases and vapors

based on the operation of the realization of

exchanger shown in figures 17-21. Can be seen

that the exchanger has an inlet -19 for the fluid

to be treated that is connected to a distributor conduit -19 which

2 o

in turn it is connected to three inputs -2ca the camera

Inner --- 2 ---, as well as an outlet manifold - 20-connected to

two outputs -2d whereby the fluid to be treated leaves the

c,: inner chamber --- 2-and provided with an output --20a ---. For other

part, the thermal transmission fluid enters through the inlet

25

---: the - to the entrance chamber - 12-to the first group of tubes

thermal transmission (not shown in figures 22 and 23) by

those flowing into the second collecting chamber --- 9a - from the

flowing through the second group of thermal transmission tubes

(not shown in figures 22 and 23) towards the exit chamber

30

-13from the exit exit -lb-.

The aforementioned reallzaclones are

especially useful when the fluid to be treated is a fluid to

cooling and the thermal transmission fluid is a fluid of

refrigeration.

Claims (11)

1. Scraped surface heat exchanger that

comprises a housing (1) with the inner chamber (2) qlle

5

it has a first end (2a) and a second end (2b), a

plurality of tubes (3) extending through the inner chamber

(2) along a longitudinal axis of the inner chamber

(2) f and a respective scraper device for scratching.

surfaces (3a) of the tubes (3), characterized in that

10

the tubes (3) are thermal transmission tubes (3) by the

that at least one thermal transmission fluid flows from a

thermal transmission fluid inlet (the) to an outlet

of thermal transmission fluid (lb);

the internal chamber (2) comprises at least one input of

fifteen

fluid to be treated (2c) and a fluid outlet to be treated (2d);

the scraper device comprises at least one plate

scraper (4) reciprocating along the axis

longitudinal of inner chamber (2) by means of

displacement (10), each plate (4) being arranged in a

twenty

transverse plane with respect to the longitudinal axis of the chamber

interior (2);

the scraper plate (4) comprises two through holes

(5) traversed respectively by one of the tubes of

thermal transmission (3) f Y is sized to occupy the

25

less part of the transverse plane of the inner chamber (2)

to allow the fluid to be treated to pass from one side of

the scraper plate (4) to the opposite side when the plate

scraper (4) travels along the longitudinal axis;

each through hole (5) crossed by a tube of

3 o

thermal transmission (3) comprises an inner edge scraper

(5a which is slipped over and contacts the external surface (3a)

of the thermal transmission tube (3) that crosses it, to

scratch said outer surface (3a).

2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the scraper plate (4) comprises a number of through holes (5) at least equal to the number of thermal transmission tubes (3), the scraper plate (4) being reciprocating along 10 along said longitudinal axis, and being arranged in such a way that it travels longitudinally through the thermal transmission tubes (3) that pass through its through holes (5). Heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that the scraper plate (4) is supported superiorly by at least one guide rod (6) extending in the inner chamber (2) along the longitudinal axis and passing through a hole guide (7) on the scraper plate (4).

Four.

Heat exchanger, according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the scraper plate (4) is inferiorly attached to the flanges a sliding support that travels on a lower guide located longitudinally in the lower part of the inner chamber.

5.

Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of scraper plates (4), each scraper plate (4) comprising a number of through holes (5) at least equal to the number of a part of the number of tubes of thermal transmission (3) that pass through it, and because the total number of through holes

(5) is at least equal to the number of thermal transmission t1Jbos (3) that pass through the scraper plates (4), the scraper plates (4) being reciprocating along said longitudinal axis in the same direction, and being arranged in such a way that each scraper plate (4) travels longitudinally through the thermal transmission tubes that pass through its through holes (5) 6. Heat exchanger according to claim

characterized in that at least two scraper plates (4) are

arranged in longitudinally offset positions.

7. Heat exchanger according to claim 5 or

5

characterized in that at least one scraper plate (4) is

peripherally supported by at least one guide rod (6) that

extends in the inner chamber (2) along the axis

longitudinal and through a gui.a hole (7) in the plate

scraper (4)

10

8. Heat exchanger according to one of the claims

precedents, characterized in that

the first end (2a) of the inner chamber (2) is

closed by a first closing device (8) with at least

fifteen

a first collecting chamber (8a) and a first closing plate

(8b) separating the first collecting chamber (8a) from the chamber

inside (2), and the second end (2b) of the inner chamber

(2) is closed by a second closing device (9) with

at least a second collecting chamber (9a) and a second plate

2 o

of closing (9b) that separates the second collecting chamber (9a) of

the inner chamber (2);

Each thermal transmission tube (3) is connected by

an end part to the first closing plate (8b)

leading to the first collection chamber (8a) and on the other

25

extreme part to the second closing plate (9b) leading to

the second collecting chamber (9a);

the displacement means (10) extend towards each

scraper plate (3) from at least one of the closing plates

(8b, 9b).

30

9. Heat exchanger according to claim 8,

characterized in that at least one of the closing devices

(8, 9) It is removable.

35. Int. Heat exchanger according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the thermal transmission fluid inlet (the) is connected to the first collecting chamber (8al and the thermal transmission fluid outlet (lb) is connected to the second collecting chamber (9a)

eleven.

Exchanger from hot, according 1_a ": j ',, rel.V.lnC ..lcaC.l.on 8 or 9,

characterized because

the

first camera collector (8a) understands a camera Q'a '-...

entry

(l2) connected to the  entry from fluid from transmission

thermal (la) and an outlet chamber (13) connected to the thermal transmission fluid outlet (lb), the inlet chamber (12) and the outlet chamber (13) being separated by a partition wall (14) ; the inlet chamber (12) is connected to a first group of thermal transmission tubes (3) through which the thermal transmission fluid flows to the second collecting chamber (9a) IY the outlet chamber (13) is connected to a second g-rump of thermal transmission tubes (3 ') through which the thermal transmission fluid flows from the second collecting chamber (9) to said outlet chamber (13). 12. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement means (10) comprise at least one rotating spindle (15) connected to an external motor (11), c. Which extends along the longitudinal axis through the inner chamber (21 and which is coupled to a threaded hole (4a) in each scraper plate (4) 13. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the displacement means (10) comprise at least one hydraulic actuator, with a piston connected to at least one scraper plate (4) and extending from a end of the internal chamber (2) along the longitudinal axis.

5

14. Int, heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the displacement means (10) comprise at least one pneumatic actuator, with a piston connected to at least one scraper plate (4) and extending from one end of the internal chamber (2) along the long-itudinal axis.

10

15. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid to be treated is a fluid to be cooled, the thermal transmission fluid is a cooling fluid, and the thermal transmission tubes (3) are cooling tubes.

fifteen

16. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid to be treated is a fluid to be heated, the thermal transmission fluid is a heating fluid, and the thermal transmission tubes (3) are heating tubes.

2 o

17. Int, heat exchanger according to one of the preceding, characterized in that the high viscosity fluid fluid. claims to be treated is a

25

2d 2 C FIG. one  /.; / .- ~ "" "" "" "\ -A 5th I 5b I \ 5th \ / FIG. 2 4th 3rd 4b 3rd 4th  FIG. 4   3rd 3 3rd 8b A-A  FIG. 5   4 5th 5 5th 5th 4b 15_ ~ 4th 4th ... u .--- 5 5th -LI --- 5 5th 5th  FIG. 6    FIG. 7   AC Crazy THE FIG. 10 8b Be 15 8e 8d 17b _--. J :: c: ~~ - ~ + = - It  FIG. eleven + - ~ 8e 8a 1st 8e 2  FIG. 12 17 Be 8b S Sb t ---- 8 17a 8d FIG. 13 17b CJ) • .C C \ I ~ THE ~ T "" " C! J

-

OR. ctS C \ I ctS T "" " 4th 4b  FIG. fifteen 7  FIG. 16   ctS, ~ 4 ---- "'" ... OR') ... = - 1 '+ ---- 1 + --- ex> .n OR') C \ I • C! J

-

or. THE THE ... "C  C \ I-- '. or C \ I .n ex> C \ I ...  ctf _---- l-I- M ex> ... ctf ex> .n ... ... 14 .--. " 1 B Be Bb .-. - ...... ./ '. / '"\ Be FIG. 19 7 7 FIG. 20 8b 1b FIG. twenty-one THE ... F'.. , .....-- ~ C \ I "OR C \ I or () C \ I C \ I C \ I C \ I • ctS ctS in C! J OR ... C \ I

-

OR. "OR in C \ I ... C \ I ... () C \ I C \ I ... V ... ctS ... FIG. 23