ES2363986T3 - SECURITY DEVICE FOR DOOR, GATE OR WINDOW ELEMENTS AS WELL AS CORRESPONDING PROCEDURE. - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a light transmitter (13) and a light receiver (14) that are arranged at a protection strip in such a manner that the transmitter radiates light outwards as a distal light line for a flank and a frame for reflection at articles. The transmitter radiates light along the flank as a proximal, absorptive and/or diffuse light line for the flank and the frame for compulsory interference of light line on non-reflecting articles. An independent claim is also included for a method for protecting jamming of articles or human body parts between a frame and a flank.

Description

The invention relates to a safety device as well as to a method for protecting human objects or body parts from becoming trapped between a fixed frame and a swing that rotates against it or against the run-up of the swing on human objects or body parts. in the case of a motor-driven door, gate or window element according to the preamble of claims 1 or 10.

From DE 101 37 705 A1, which discloses the characteristics of the preamble of claim 1, a device is known in which a first distal light path is provided that acts reflectively as a measurement path in a door of automobile, to limit if necessary the opening path of a door element in the presence of a foreign object. Light conduits are provided along the door element to conduct light to a point of emission to emit in the distal light path. A detection of an alteration of the light conducted in the light conduit is not provided.

From DE 40 02 147 C2 it is known that it is used especially in motor-driven revolving doors. A beam of light is conducted as a light barrier on one side along the vertical edge of the door leaf, deviates at the lower end of the door and then is conducted along the lower horizontal edge of the door to Long to a receiver. If an interruption of the light beam occurs, the revolving door stops.

From AT-PS 382 925, sensitive strips are also known which can be elastically deformed arranged at the edges of the vertical door leaf, which have a light barrier in a cavity, whose light beam is conducted by means of reflectors through This cavity In this cavity, which extends approximately the entire length of the slat, souls of flexible material are arranged with diaphragm openings for the passage of the light beam, so that the light beam is interrupted in case of a certain minimum deformation of the Sensitive slat, which leads to disconnection of the rotary door drive.

From EP-A 340 771, contact switches in the form of contact slats are also known which are arranged at the edges of a door leaf. If a contact strip encounters an object or a person, an alteration signal is produced that disconnects the revolving door.

These solutions have in common that a considerable minimum deformation or an interruption of a light barrier is not carried out until briefly before the swinging of the swing on an object or a person, so that a considerable braking path must still be traveled, especially taking into account the mass that has to move in case of larger hinges, before the swing stops. This can lead to serious injuries. The measurement systems are also sensitive to modifications of the measurement arrangement such as deformation, for example, so that the transmitter and the receiver can no longer be "seen." The usual wear, for example, of the rubber slats can also lead quickly to alterations, so that constant maintenance is required.

Starting from this state of the art, the invention is based on the objective of creating a reliable and sensitive safety device as well as a corresponding procedure for motor-driven door, gate or window elements.

This objective is solved by means of a safety device and a method with the characteristics of claim 1 or 10.

While partial light barriers were used in the state of the art, a control with diffused light emitted now takes place at least in the area of the protective strip. Although the diffused light emitted in part is absorbed especially within the usual protective strip, and in most cases these slats have a length of more than two meters, an influence of the protective strip can be clearly detected, for example in case of stranding on an object or a body, with minimal deformations being sufficient.

Basically, a run-off is generally prevented, which is achieved by the previously reflective control of the mechanically mobile element. However, if only a slight collision of the object or body with the moving element must also be reached, then a movement through the absorbing light path is reliably prevented. A single device can solve these two approaches in a reliable way, for which light barriers and, for example, still sensitive slats, had to be used in the state of the art up to now, without achieving this security. Even damage to the protective strip does not reduce or hardly reduce the operation of the protective strip, especially when operated with a compensation of foreign light, aging or temperature, as is known from EP 706 648 B1. If, in addition, the system is operated due to diffused light conduction then also reliably when no direct ray path is present between the light emitter and the light receiver or the reflection element, they are not manifested , therefore, immediately. Even when a transparent light-forming element is used for the wavelength of the light used, through which light can flow transversely to its longitudinal extent, or the protective strip is configured in a correspondingly transparent manner, it is sufficient to part of reduced diffused light that remains in the light-forming element or in the protective strip, to ensure operation. Especially with the principle explained in EP 706 648 B1 mentioned, the lightest deformations can also be detected at any point.

Early detection is possible through the light emitted out. Basically, this results in sufficient reflection regularly, so that in approximately 99% of cases a risk of injury can be reliably avoided. At the latest in case of contact of the protective strip, however, a signal that prevents further movement is definitively reached, also when a non-reflective object is present, as may be the case, for example, in some types of suede .

For structural reasons it may be advantageous to arrange the emitter and the receiver at one end of the protective strip, while at the opposite end only a reflective reflection element is present in an inverse manner preferably diffusely, which reflects the light roughly. Even the emission path duplicated with it does not reduce the sensitivity of the safety device, also when a part of the light already exits through the protective strip outwards.

Light-forming elements may be used below a protective strip, which are permeable to light for certain wavelengths of light. The light-forming elements have a structure, such as a prism structure, which allows irradiation of light transversely to its longitudinal direction also through the protective strip. A second light-forming element has a comparable structure to receive the light reflected in objects. For compensation of foreign light, aging or temperature, a compensation path that extends parallel to the light-forming elements within the protective strip can also be provided in this case, which also causes an influence from outside. , an alteration signal to interrupt the actuation of the mobile element.

Certain additional advantages result from the additional dependent claims and the following description.

The invention is explained in more detail below by means of the attached figures. They show:

1 shows a schematic representation of a three-leaf revolving door arrangement in view in plant, Figure 2 the revolving door with three hinges in perspective representation, Figure 3 a schematic representation of a protective strip in section, Figure 4 a protective strip in a representation according to Figure 3 in the deformed and fractured state without direct ray path between the emitter and the reflection element, Figure 5 an enlarged section of Figure 3 in the emitter zone, Figure 6 a perspective view of a protective strip, Figures 7, 8 a schematic representation of a protective strip with diffused light irradiated in undeformed and deformed representation, Fig. 9 a representation of a protective strip in an undeformed and deformed state according to the state of the technique, Figure 10 a perspective view of a protective strip with light-forming elements arranged in the same, Figure 11 a perspective view of a protective strip with several hollow chambers, Figure 12 a plan view on a swing element with corresponding light field and ribbon protective.

The figures show a safety device, which is especially used between a fixed frame 10 and at least one swing 11 that extends against the same of motor-driven door, gate or window elements. The embodiments refer to a revolving door arrangement, however the safety device can also be used in other arrangements, in which motor-driven door or window elements are used, such as for example garage door drives. In the case of all these provisions, protection of X objects or human body parts specifically takes precedence over being caught between the frame and the swing. Likewise, the run-off of the swing 11 in objects X or persons must be prevented.

The revolving door 12 of Figure 1 is surrounded by two diametrically opposite wall covers, in the form of a circular arc as a frame 10. The wall covers thereby form the cylindrical door frame in its basic form, in which the revolving door 12 can be rotated. On the left side of figure 1 there is a closure sector 34, which cannot be traveled. On the opposite side a step 30 is provided. Between the wall decks are an inlet 32 and an outlet 31. The revolving door 12 is driven by motor and is preferably locked in front of backward turns. The revolving door rotates counterclockwise. Instead of a revolving door, the device can also be used on a usual single or multi-swing door.

To ensure that in case of the motor-driven rotation of the revolving door 12, no object X or any human body part can be trapped between the leaflet 11 and the frame 10 and / or to prevent a blockage of the leaflet 11 in objects X or a person, safety devices are arranged respectively on the front side of the hinges resulting from the direction of rotation. This safety device comprises an optoelectronic control device having at least one light emitter 13 and at least one light receiver 14. The light emitter and the light receiver are operated together with at least one hollow protective strip 15 arranged on the swing 11 and / or the frame 10. The light emitter 13 and the light receiver 14 are arranged on the protective strip 15, so that the light emitter 13 radiates at least a part of its light, preferably all the light, diffusely in the protective strip 15. The receiver, on the other hand, can also receive, at least with a part of its receiving surface, the light emitted diffusely from the protective strip.

A protective strip 15 of this type is shown in figure 3 in section. At the left end in the figure are the light emitter 13 and the light receiver 14 as well as a compensation element 18, whose operation mode is dealt with below in more detail. At the far right is a reflection element 16, which reflects light that arrives there in an unaddressed manner, that is, it is not a reflector. The light emitter 13 and / or the compensation element 18 may be arranged with their main emission direction at an angle to the central axis of the protective strip according to Figure 5, without impairing the operation of the protective strip. Even when, as shown in Figure 4, no direct ray path is present between the light emitter and the light receiver or the protective strip is cut, it can still be operated correctly, while still any part of diffused light can be accessed from the light emitter 13 towards the light receiver 14, which in Figs. 3 and 4 is isolated against immediate irradiation of the adjacent light sources.

In the case of the protective strip according to FIG. 6, the light emitter 13 and the light receiver 14 are arranged at mutually opposite ends of the protective strip 15. The light is introduced along the longitudinal extension A-A of the protective strip therein. Figures 6 to 9 show in this respect only a section of the protective strip. Since it is arranged at least along the vertical edge and possibly also along the horizontal edge of the corresponding hinges 11, it is usually two to three meters long. However, diffused light irradiated in the protective strip 15 can be distinguished in the light receiver 14, so that the slightest alterations of the light field present in the protective strip are taken efficiently and lead to a signal for disconnect and eventually turn the revolving door back.

To detect the modification of the diffuse light field and thereby to achieve the desired high sensitivity possibly without influences of foreign light, temperature or aging, preferably two light paths are formed between the light emitter 13 and the light receiver 14. These light paths are driven through a periodic rhythm generator or alternatively. The light controlled in the amplitude of at least one light path eventually acts together with the light of an additional light emitter, of the compensation light source 18 (Figure 12) on the light receiver 14, so that it is produced a reception signal without synchronous signal part. The reception signal of the light receiver 14 is fed to a synchronous demodulator that breaks down the reception signal in turn into the two light sources corresponding to the signal components. Both signal components are compared to each other in a comparator after low pass filtration. If signal differences occur, these are adjusted by means of the power control of the light irradiated in the light path with respect to a change signal in the photodiode with the zero value. If an alteration signal is presented, which can occur, for example, by a deformation of the protective strip 15, a modification of the control voltage results, with which the amount of irradiated radiation in the light path is controlled, so which results, depending on a time constant, an inverse control of the change signal in the photodiode with respect to zero. This modification of the control voltage produced is detected as a dynamic modification in the active zone of the device sensor. An additional advantage in the case of the transparent protective strip for the wavelength of the light used, as used for example for design reasons, is insensitivity to parts of foreign light. If necessary, reliable foreign light compensation can be performed in the same way as fault compensation due to aging or temperature. This principle is especially known from EP 706 648 B1. First of all in case of failure of the transmitter or receiver of the light path or any other component that participates in the control, this is distinguished by the immediate control, which leads to an automatic fault diagnosis. With the principle explained in EP 706 648 B1 mentioned, the mildest deformations can also be detected at any point.

Through the sensitivity of the system it is possible to operate the drive of the mobile element in a controlled manner. The revolving door 12 must therefore not stop abruptly and then start again. Since there is a continuous control voltage from the distance detection, the drive can be controlled, on the contrary, with the control signal, which avoids on the one hand a system oscillation and allows on the other hand an operation With energy saving.

Preferably, the light emitter 13 and the light receiver 14 are located as in figure 8 at one end 15a of the protective strip 15, while at the other end 15b there is provided a reflection element 16 which diffuses reflectively with respect to to the inverse reflection of the light emitted by the light emitter 13 in the direction of the light receiver 14. The objective is the maintenance of a diffuse light field in the protective strip, which is encouraged by the reflection element 16 which reflects in a diffuse way.

The protective strip 15 which can be elastically deformed can have, according to FIG. 11, several cavities 15c, 15d extending parallel to its longitudinal direction A-A. In this way, the light emitted by the light emitter 13 can be irradiated in a cavity 15c and reverberated from the reflection element 16 in a reflected way through the second cavity 15d towards the light receiver 14. This can increase the sensitivity of the protective strip. Alternatively, each cavity can be provided with the same light emitter. By means of the mechanical separation provided therewith, an increase in safety can be achieved in the event of a light emitter failure. Regardless of the number of cavities, it can also be operated in a cavity with two systems at different rhythm frequencies, which eventually work on the same reflection element and the same receiver.

Although the light can be diffused in a different way or way in the protective strip, it has been advantageous to use only a luminescent diode as a light emitter 13, which is associated with a diffuser 17. In this respect, the light receiver 14 may be included, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, on the diffuser emission surface 17, since the desired diffusion of light emission is not prevented by the arrangement of the light receiver on the diffuser emission surface 17. Instead of the diffuser, an LED with broad emission characteristics can also be provided, such as an LED with a lens that emits light from it.

If necessary, the cross section of the light emitter 13 and light receiver 14 or of the parts associated with these structural elements such as for example the diffuser 17 and / or also of the reflection element 16, protrudes from the cross section of the slat protector 15. With this, light can also be emitted outside the protective strip preferably diffusely in the movement zone in front of the swing 11 and can also be received from there. This is represented, for example, in Figure 12, which is dealt with in more detail below.

The light radiated by the light emitter 13 is preferably a scattered light field, since due to the sensitivity that can be achieved it is sufficient when only a fraction of the light accesses back to the receiver and there is identified as coming from the emitter of light. This is possible without more especially in case of compensation of foreign light, aging and expected temperature if necessary.

A control of the protective strip 15 or of the movement zone in front of the swing 11 can also be carried out by means of light-forming elements according to Figure 10, which are formed by a hollow element with diffused light conduction. The light emitter 13 is configured there as a light-forming element disposed on the protective strip 15, which emits light and the light receiver 14 is configured as a corresponding light-forming element that receives light. Both light-forming elements have a structure 19 or 20 for the emission or reception of light transversely to the longitudinal direction B-B or C-C. Thus, light can be emitted, which is irradiated, for example, from an LED, not shown graphically, in the light-forming element as a light emitter 13, transversely to the longitudinal direction of the light-forming element outwards. or it can also be diffusely introduced into the inner space of the protective strip 15. An outward emission is possible when the material of the protective strip is formed by a material permeable to light or permeable at least for the wavelength of the emitted light . The light thus emitted can then be received by means of the structure 20 transversely to the longitudinal extension of the light-forming element, which is associated with the light receiver 14. With this arrangement it is possible with this arrangement a preliminary check in front of the swing 11 in the same way as an extremely sensitive control of the protective strip itself on deformation. The structure 19, 20 is preferably a laser machined structure of small points machined by laser with rounded recesses, which emits light in all directions. The light is thereby interrupted in the longitudinal direction of the light-forming element.

Figure 12 shows an embodiment of a leaf 11, in which a protective strip 15 is arranged, light being irradiated on one side in the protective strip 15, however, light is also emitted simultaneously in front of the leaflet to control the preliminary zone. Such an arrangement would also be conceivable, for example, in case of an automatic garage door opening. The emitter 13 sends light on one side through the protective strip 15, however it also emits light outwardly through the light emitting branch 22 in the direction of the object X and thereby to the receiver 14. Simultaneously a path of compensation 21, which is directed from the compensation element 18 towards the light receiver 14 with or without a hollow element 23, in which light is diffusedly conducted. The compensation path can be extended in the protective strip 15 or next to the protective strip. Basically, the offset light path can also be extended outward and the emission path inward, so the light emission branches can also be changed.

The compensation path or the light emitted in the compensation path 21 is controlled in intensity, so that it corresponds to the amount of light that accesses from the light emitting branch 22 to the receiver 14 in a manner reflected in any object X . Since, however, a state can also occur without an object X, a part of the electric emission power is provided from the light emitting branch 22 in the compensation path 21. In an additional embodiment example the emitter current 13 and feed to compensation element 18. This emits light with the emitter phase position. To adjust the reception signal again with respect to a change signal in the photodiode with zero value, the signal of the compensation element 18 itself must be reset with the compensation phase position until the power supplied by the transmitter is suppressed 13. Due to this, the compensation element 18 emits only a constant light, which leads in the case of the receiver to a part of alternating voltage to zero. This leads to the fact that, even in case of lack of reflection on the object X from the light emitting branch 22, the device can still be adjusted correctly and provides a defined control value. This embodiment leads to an object X also being the ground. Because of this, it is guaranteed that the compensation branch always distinguishes safely when there is an alteration of the compensation path.

The protective strip is preferably composed of an elastic material such as rubber or at least sufficiently elastic to allow a small deformation in case of contact. The Material may also be permeable configured for the wavelength of the light used. This allows, for example, also that the diffused light field can exit through the protective strip 15 according to Figure 3 outwards.

List of reference numbers 10 Frame 11 Swing 12 Revolving door 13 Light emitter 14 Light receiver 15 Protective strip 15a First end 15b Other end 15c, 15d Cavities 16 Reflection element 17 Diffuser 18 Compensation element 19,20 Structure 21 Path compensation 22 Light emitting branch 23 Light-forming element 30 Step 31 Output 32 Input 33 Rotation axis 34 Locking zone X Object AA Longitudinal direction of 15 BB, CC Longitudinal direction of the light-forming elements

Claims (17)

1. Safety device to protect objects (X) or human body parts especially against being trapped between a fixed frame (10) and a swing that rotates against it (11) and / or against the run-up of the swing on objects (X) or human body parts in case of a door, gate or window element

(12)

motor driven, the safety device comprising an optoelectronic control device having at least one light emitter (13) and at least one light receiver (14), the light emitter (13) and the light receiver being arranged (14) so that the light emitter (13) emits light for reflection in the object (X) outward as a first light path (22) distal to the swing (11) or to the frame (10) and radiates it in a second light path (21), characterized in that for the second light path (21) diffuse, absorbent and / or close to the swing (11) or the frame (10) it is provided in the swing (11) and / or frame (10) a hollow protective strip (15), the second light path (21) being influenced in case of deformation of the protective strip (15) necessarily also by an object

(X)

 no reflector

2.

 Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the light emitter (13) and / or a compensation element (18) are arranged with their main emission direction at an angle with respect to the central axis of the protective strip and / or why the The light emitter (13) and the light receiver (14) are arranged in the protective strip (15) so that the light emitter (13) emits diffused light at least partially in the protective strip (15) and the receiver of light (14) also receives at least also the light emitted diffusely from the protective strip (15), also when no direct ray path is present between the light emitter and the light receiver.

3.

Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the light emitter (13) and the light receiver (14) are arranged at one end (15a) of the protective strip (15) and that at the other end (15b) it is provided a reflection element (16) that diffusely reflects for the inverse reflection of the light emitted by the light emitter (13) towards the light receiver (14).

Four.

Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the protective strip (15) that can be elastically deformed has several cavities (15c, 15d) that extend parallel to its longitudinal direction (AA) and that the emitted light by the light emitter (13) it is irradiated in a cavity (15c) and reverberated by the reflection element (16) in a manner reflected by the second cavity (15d) towards the light receiver (14).

5.

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light emitter (13) is an LED that is associated with a diffuser (17).

6.

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light emitter (13) and the light receiver (14) or the diffuser (17) associated with the light emitter and / or the reflection element (16) and / or a compensation element (18) that emits light so that a part of the light is emitted in the first light path, preferably outside the protective strip and a part of the light in the second light path, preferably within the protective strip (15).

7.

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for compensation of foreign light, aging and temperature a compensation element (18) is provided that emits light, which emits light within the protective strip (15) preferably with another angle than the light emitter (13).

8.

 Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light emitter (13) is configured as a light-forming element preferably arranged in the protective strip (15), which emits light, with a structure (19) for emission of light directed by the light-forming element transverse to the longitudinal direction (BB) of the light-forming element and / or why the light receiver (14) is configured as a light-forming element preferably arranged in the protective strip (15), which receives light, with a structure (20) for the reception of incident light transversely to the longitudinal direction (CC) of the light-forming element and for transmission in the light-forming element , the structure (19, 20) being preferably a laser machined structure of small points machined by laser with rounded recesses, which emits light in all directions.

9.

Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second light path (21) is a compensation path in the protective strip (15) or near the protective strip extending from the compensation element (18) towards the receiver of light (14).

10.

 Procedure especially to protect objects (X) or human body parts against getting caught between a fixed frame (10) and a swing (11) that rotates against it and / or against the run-up of the swing on objects (X) or human body parts in case of a door, gate or window element (12) driven by motor by means of an optoelectronic control device having at least one light emitter (13) and at least one light receiver (14), light being emitted from the light emitter (13) to the light receiver (14) through at least a first light path (22) distal with respect to the swing (11) or the frame (10) for reflection in the object (X) outward and radiating in a second light path (21), characterized in that light is radiated to the

swing (11) and / or frame (10) along a hollow protective strip (15) as the second light path (21) diffuse, absorbent and / or close to the swing (11) or the frame (11), which is influenced in case of deformation of the protective strip (15) necessarily also by a non-reflecting object (X).

eleven.

 Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the light emitter (13) and a compensation element (18) are arranged with their main emission direction at an angle with respect to the central axis of the protective strip and radiate their light in the protective strip and / or emitting the light emitter at least a part of the light by means of the protective strip (15) in a diffuse manner to the light receiver (14), which at least also receives the light emitted diffusely from the protective strip (15 ), also when no direct ray path is present between the light emitter and the light receiver.

12.

 Method according to claim 11, characterized by the arrangement of the light emitter (13) and the light receiver (14) at one end (15a) of the protective strip (15) and the diffuse reflection of the diffused light at the other end of the protective strip

13.

 Method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized by the irradiation of the diffused light in a first cavity (15c) that extends parallel to the longitudinal direction (AA) of the protective strip (15) and the inverse reflection of the light by a second cavity (15d) extending parallel to the longitudinal direction (AA) of the protective strip (15) towards the light receiver (14).

14.

 Method according to one of the preceding claims 10 to 13, characterized in that by comparing the signals of a light path formed by the light emitter (13) to the light receiver (14) with the signals of a light path formed from the compensation element (18) towards the light receiver (14) a control signal is formed for the controlled operation of the mobile element (12), the control signal being used preferably for automatic fault diagnosis from the emitter of light (13) or light receiver (14) of the light path or any other component involved in the control.

fifteen.

 Method according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized by the arrangement of at least one light-forming element in the protective strip (15) and the emission of light directed by the light-forming element transversely to the longitudinal direction (BB) of the light-forming element and / or the reception of light that transversely affects the longitudinal direction (CC) of at least one light-forming element for transmission in the light-forming element.

16.

 Method according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that a part of the electric emission power is emitted from the first light path (22) extending out of the protective strip (15) to the second light path (21 ) set as compensation path.

17.

 Method according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the compensation element

(18) also emits light with the phase position of the transmitter, so that the signal of the compensation element (18) is reset with the phase compensation position until the power supplied by the transmitter (13) is canceled.