ES2351695T3

ES2351695T3 - COMPRESSOR.

Info

Publication number: ES2351695T3
Application number: ES04744699T
Authority: ES
Inventors: Serkan Kara; Sitki Bicer
Original assignee: Arcelik AS
Current assignee: Arcelik AS
Priority date: 2003-07-31
Filing date: 2004-07-30
Publication date: 2011-02-09
Anticipated expiration: 2024-07-30
Also published as: DE602004029601D1; EP1680599A1; EP1680599B1; ATE484678T1; WO2005010365A1; TR200601184T1

Abstract

This invention relates to a compressor (1), preferably used in the refrigerators, having an improved gas flow performance in the cylinder (3) during the pumping of the cooling gas into the system.

Description

Compresor.Compressor.

La presente invención se refiere a un compresor, preferentemente utilizado en los refrigeradores, con un comportamiento del flujo de gas mejorado en el cilindro durante el bombeo del gas refrigerante en el sistema.The present invention relates to a compressor, preferably used in refrigerators, with a improved gas flow behavior in the cylinder during the pumping the refrigerant gas into the system.

En los compresores herméticos, que se utilizan preferentemente en los refrigeradores, se emplea un pistón para succionar el gas refrigerante y bombearlo en el sistema y un cilindro en el que se coloca un pistón. En el cilindro, están previstos unos orificios de succión del gas y de salida. El pistón se desplaza hacia atrás en el cilindro durante el proceso de succión del gas de forma que toma el gas del orificio de succión en el interior del cilindro y se desplaza hacia delante en el cilindro de modo que comprime el gas y lo descarga fuera del cilindro mediante el orificio de salida. Uno de los criterios para el funcionamiento eficaz del compresor está relacionado con la velocidad de descarga y toma del gas en el cilindro en un ciclo. Cuando el pistón comprime el gas, parte del gas en el espacio formado por la boquilla de salida no se descarga, lo cual disminuye la eficiencia del compresor.In hermetic compressors, which are used preferably in refrigerators, a piston is used to suction the refrigerant gas and pump it into the system and a cylinder in which a piston is placed. In the cylinder, they are provided with gas and outlet suction holes. The piston travels back in the cylinder during the suction process of the gas so that it takes the gas from the suction hole in the inside the cylinder and moves forward in the cylinder of so that it compresses the gas and discharges it out of the cylinder by the exit hole. One of the criteria for operation Effective compressor is related to discharge speed and gas in the cylinder in one cycle. When the piston compresses the gas, part of the gas in the space formed by the nozzle of output is not discharged, which decreases the efficiency of the compressor.

En la técnica actual, la patente francesa nº 2617242 da a conocer un pasador en el pistón que se acopla al orificio de salida durante la compresión del gas, lo cual reduce el volumen no utilizado. El pasador y el orificio de salida pueden presentar una forma cilíndrica o troncocónica con tamaños adecuados para cada uno. Puesto que el área de flujo en la que se descarga el gas se estrecha y el pasador cubre todo el orificio de salida cuando el pasador se acopla al orificio de salida, la descarga del gas resulta difícil y se producen aumentos de las pérdidas debido a las turbulencias. La ventaja que supone la reducción del espacio no utilizado se pierde debido al impedimento del flujo.In the current technique, French patent no. 2617242 discloses a pin in the piston that engages the outlet orifice during gas compression, which reduces the unused volume The pin and the exit hole can have a cylindrical or conical shape with appropriate sizes for each one. Since the area of flow in which the gas narrows and the pin covers the entire exit hole when the pin is coupled to the outlet hole, the gas discharge It is difficult and there are increases in losses due to turbulence The advantage of reducing space does not used is lost due to flow impediment.

En la técnica actual, la patente US nº 5.816.783 define un pasador y un orificio de salida en el pistón que presentan una estructura troncocónica. Puesto que la inclinación del pasador es menor que la inclinación de la pared lateral del orificio de salida, el estrechamiento en el área de flujo se reduce parcialmente cuando el pasador se acopla al orificio de salida.In the current art, US Patent No. 5,816,783 defines a pin and an outlet hole in the piston that have A conical structure. Since the inclination of the pin is less than the inclination of the side wall of the hole of output, the narrowing in the flow area is partially reduced when the pin engages the exit hole.

En la técnica actual, la patente EP 0823022 define un pasador y un orificio de salida en el pistón que presentan una estructura asimétrica. El flujo se mejora parcialmente por un pasador formado asimétricamente conforme a la dirección del flujo.In the current art, patent EP 0823022 defines a pin and an outlet hole in the piston that have an asymmetric structure The flow is partially improved by a pin formed asymmetrically according to the direction of the flow.

El objetivo de la presente invención es proporcionar un compresor, preferentemente utilizado en los refrigeradores, con un comportamiento del flujo de gas mejorado durante el bombeo del gas refrigerante en el sistema.The objective of the present invention is provide a compressor, preferably used in refrigerators, with improved gas flow behavior during pumping of the refrigerant gas in the system.

El compresor realizado para alcanzar los objetivos de la presente invención se ilustra en las figuras siguientes, en las que:The compressor made to reach Objectives of the present invention are illustrated in the figures. following, in which:

La figura 1 es la vista en sección transversal de un compresor.Figure 1 is the cross-sectional view of a compressor.

La figura 2 es una vista en sección transversal esquemática de una base de válvula, un cilindro y un pistón provisto de un pasador en la posición, en la que el pasador está acoplado al orificio de salida.Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view. schematic of a valve base, a cylinder and a piston provided of a pin in position, in which the pin is coupled to the exit hole.

La figura 3 es una vista en sección transversal esquemática de una base de válvula, un cilindro y un pistón provisto de un pasador en la posición antes de que el pasador se acople al orificio de salida.Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view. schematic of a valve base, a cylinder and a piston provided of a pin in position before the pin engages the exit hole.

La figura 4 es una vista esquemática superior de una base de válvula, un cilindro y un pistón provisto de un pasador en la posición, en la que el pasador está acoplado al orificio de salida.Figure 4 is a schematic top view of a valve base, a cylinder and a piston provided with a pin in the position, in which the pin is coupled to the hole of exit.

Los componentes representados en los dibujos se indican con los números siguientes:The components represented in the drawings are indicate with the following numbers:

1. one.: CompresorCompressor

2. 2.: Carcasa inferiorLower housing

3. 3.: CilindroCylinder

4. Four.: PistónPiston

5. 5.: CigüeñalCrankshaft

6. 6.: Vástago de conexiónConnecting rod

7. 7.: Pasador de pistónPiston pin

8. 8.: CulataButt

9. 9.: Carcasa superiorUpper housing

10. 10.: SilenciadorMuffler

11. eleven.: Base de válvulaValve base

12. 12.: Juntameeting

13. 13.: Orificio de salidaExit hole

14. 14.: Válvula de salidaOutlet valve

15. fifteen.: ResalteHighlight

16. 16.: Superficie de presión de pistónPiston pressure surface

17. 17.: Pared interior de cilindroInner cylinder wall

La circulación del fluido del ciclo que se utiliza para la refrigeración en los electrodomésticos, preferentemente en los refrigeradores, se proporciona mediante el compresor hermético (1) con pistón. En una forma de realización preferida, se utiliza gas refrigerante como fluido del ciclo.The circulation of the cycle fluid that is used for cooling in appliances, preferably in refrigerators, it is provided by hermetic compressor (1) with piston. In one embodiment preferred, refrigerant gas is used as the cycle fluid.

El compresor (1) comprende una carcasa inferior (2) que aloja los componentes en su interior, una carcasa superior (9) sobre la carcasa inferior (2), un cilindro (3) colocado en la carcasa inferior (2) y superior (9) destinado a proporcionar el bombeo del gas refrigerante en su interior, una culata (8) en el cilindro (3) que circula el gas refrigerante succionado y comprimido, una base de válvula (11) en la que está colocada una culata (8), un pistón (4) que está previsto para comprimir el gas refrigerante en el orificio del cilindro, una junta (12) que está colocada entre el cilindro (3) y la base de válvula (11) para impedir el golpe directo del pistón (4) en la base de válvula (11), un cigüeñal (5) que transfiere el movimiento del motor, un vástago de conexión (6) que convierte el movimiento circular del cigüeñal (5) en el movimiento lineal y lo transfiere al pistón (4), un pasador de pistón (7) que conecta el vástago de conexión (6) al pistón (4) y un silenciador (10), preferentemente realizado a partir de material plástico, que impide el calentamiento e impide que el gas refrigerante produzca ruido mientras no se encuentra en el área del cilindro.The compressor (1) comprises a lower housing (2) that houses the components inside, an upper housing (9) on the lower housing (2), a cylinder (3) placed in the lower (2) and upper (9) housing intended to provide the pumping the refrigerant gas inside, a cylinder head (8) in the cylinder (3) circulating the suction refrigerant gas and compressed, a valve base (11) on which a cylinder head (8), a piston (4) that is intended to compress the gas coolant in the cylinder hole, a gasket (12) that is placed between the cylinder (3) and the valve base (11) to prevent direct hitting of the piston (4) on the valve base (11), a crankshaft (5) that transfers the movement of the engine, a rod connection (6) that converts the crankshaft circular movement (5) in the linear movement and transfers it to the piston (4), a piston pin (7) that connects the connecting rod (6) to the piston (4) and a silencer (10), preferably made from of plastic material, which prevents heating and prevents the refrigerant gas produces noise while not in the area of the cylinder.

La base de válvula (11) comprende un orificio de salida (13), en el que el gas refrigerante que se introduce en el cilindro (3) se descarga y una cubierta de salida (14) que cubre el orificio de salida (13) e impide la descarga del gas refrigerante que se halla en el cilindro (3) hacia el exterior durante el proceso de succión.The valve base (11) comprises an orifice of outlet (13), in which the refrigerant gas that is introduced into the cylinder (3) is discharged and an outlet cover (14) that covers the outlet hole (13) and prevents the discharge of refrigerant gas that is in the cylinder (3) outwards during the process suction

El pistón (4) comprende un resalte (15) que se ajusta en el orificio de salida (13) y reduce el volumen no utilizado formado durante el proceso de compresión y una superficie de presión de pistón (16) que se ajusta en la junta (12).The piston (4) comprises a shoulder (15) that is adjust in the outlet hole (13) and reduce the volume not used formed during the compression process and a surface of piston pressure (16) that fits on the seal (12).

El cilindro (3) comprende una pared interior de cilindro (17) en la que se mueve el pistón (4).The cylinder (3) comprises an inner wall of cylinder (17) in which the piston (4) moves.

A fin de mejorar el comportamiento del flujo de gas al tiempo que se reduce el volumen no utilizado, el eje central (c1) del resalte (15) y el eje central (c2) del orificio de salida (13) no deben coincidir entre sí cuando el resalte (15) se acopla al orificio de salida (13). Cuando el resalte (15) se acopla al orificio de salida (13) como resultado de la excentricidad entre el eje central (c1) del resalte (15) y el eje central (c2) del orificio de salida (13), la anchura (d1) del área de flujo superior del gas que se encuentra en la proximidad del eje central (c3) del cilindro (3) es superior a la anchura (d2) del área de flujo inferior del gas que se encuentra en la proximidad de la pared interior del cilindro (17). Es preferentemente 5/2d2 > d1 > 3/2d2.In order to improve the flow behavior of gas while reducing unused volume, the central axis (c1) of the shoulder (15) and the central axis (c2) of the exit hole (13) must not coincide with each other when the protrusion (15) is coupled to the exit hole (13). When the projection (15) is coupled to the exit hole (13) as a result of the eccentricity between the central axis (c1) of the shoulder (15) and the central axis (c2) of the hole outlet (13), the width (d1) of the upper gas flow area which is in the vicinity of the central axis (c3) of the cylinder (3) is greater than the width (d2) of the lower gas flow area which is in the vicinity of the inner wall of the cylinder (17). It is preferably 5 / 2d2> d1> 3 / 2d2.

El resalte (15) y el orificio de salida (13) presentan una forma troncocónica. El ángulo (\theta1) entre la pared lateral del resalte (15) y la superficie de presión del pistón (16) es casi igual al ángulo (\theta2) entre la pared lateral del orificio de salida (13) y la superficie de presión del pistón (16).The projection (15) and the exit hole (13) They have a truncated conical shape. The angle (the1) between the sidewall of the shoulder (15) and the piston pressure surface (16) is almost equal to the angle (the2) between the side wall of the outlet hole (13) and the piston pressure surface (16).

El diámetro de base (r1) del resalte (15) es inferior al diámetro de base (r2) del orificio de salida (13). La relación r1/r2 es preferentemente inferior a 5/6 y superior a 3/6 para guardar el equilibrio entre el comportamiento del flujo de gas y la cantidad de capacidad de refrigeración y proporcionar una optimización.The base diameter (r1) of the shoulder (15) is less than the base diameter (r2) of the outlet hole (13). The R1 / R2 ratio is preferably less than 5/6 and greater than 3/6 to keep the balance between the behavior of the gas flow and the amount of cooling capacity and provide a optimization

El comportamiento del flujo de gas mejora en el cilindro gracias a la producción del resalte (15) y del orificio de salida (13) con la misma forma y la posición excéntrica del resalte (15) en relación con el orificio de salida (13).The behavior of the gas flow improves in the cylinder thanks to the production of the shoulder (15) and the hole of output (13) with the same shape and eccentric position of the shoulder (15) in relation to the outlet hole (13).

Claims

1. Compressor (1) comprising a cylinder (3) intended to provide the pumping of the refrigerant gas, a valve base (11) in which an outlet orifice (13) for discharging the refrigerant gas, a gasket ( 12) which is arranged between the cylinder (3) and the valve base (11) to prevent them from hitting each other and a piston (4) provided with a shoulder (15) that attaches to the outlet orifice (13) and reduces the unused volume formed during the compression process and a piston pressure surface (16) that fits in the seal (12) provided to compress the refrigerant gas in the cylinder bore, characterized in that the protrusion (15) and the exit orifice (13) both have a conical shape, whereby the central axis (c1) of the projection (15) does not coincide with the central axis (c2) of the exit orifice (13) and the width (d1) of the upper gas flow area that is in the vicinity of the central axis (c3) of the cylinder (3) is greater than l at width (d2) of the area of the lower flow that is in the vicinity of an inner wall of the cylinder (17) when the projection (15) is coupled to the outlet orifice (13) as a result of the eccentric position of the projection (15 ) with respect to the outlet orifice (13) to improve the gas flow behavior while reducing the unused volume.

2. Compressor (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a frustoconical projection (15) is provided with an angle (the1) with the piston pressure surface (16) that is almost equal to the angle (the2) between the side wall of the outlet hole (13) and the piston pressure surface (16).

3. Compressor (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projection (15) has a base diameter (r1) smaller than the base diameter (r2) of the outlet orifice (13).

4. Compressor (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projection (15) has a proportion between the base diameter (r1) and the base diameter (r2) of the outlet orifice which is preferably less than 5 / 6 and greater than 3/6 to protect the balance between the behavior of the gas flow and the amount of cooling capacity and provide optimization.

5. Compressor (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projection (15) has a proportion greater than 3/2 and less than 5/2 between the width (d1) of the upper flow area that is in the proximity of the central axis (c3) of the cylinder (3) and the width (d2) of the lower flow area of the gas that is in the vicinity of the inner wall of the cylinder (17) when the projection (15) is coupled to the hole output (13).