ES2337969A1 - Specular modeled horse. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Specular modeling stand that allows to visually unite the model (31) and the copy (32) by placing a semi-silvered mirror, accompanied by a source (28) of variable intensity lighting and placed between two discs (2 and 3) that they rotate symmetrically and synchronously. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Specular modeling easel.

Technical sector

The technical sector of this instrument is the one of didactic material for modeling in sculpture. This instrument is useful for a way of modeling that can be denominate as "specular method".

The "specular method" is a way of doing sculpture in which, based on a model, a copy is made (by example of clay) symmetric in relation to a vertical plane (real or imaginary) that divides space into two parts: on one side it locate the model and, on the opposite side and with symmetric orientation, The copy is modeled. It is different from the method, call it "parallel", commonly used.

For this method of making sculpture, which supposedly should always be practiced but Minority, this instrument is provided. With it you can visually "join" the symmetric spaces, using as plane of symmetry a surface reflective-transparent, as in a mirror semi-plated This allows the model and the copy to be superimposed which, in addition, can be rotated synchronously during modeling tasks, as they are held on two rotating wheels also symmetrically and synchronously. This makes the comparison easier, correction and other operations with forms.

This instrument is not intended only for sculptors who practice the specular method but it also goes aimed at professionals or students so they can discover the possibilities of the specular method of making sculpture, now with This instrument

State of the art

The utility model " Game to learn to draw " has been found, with publication number 197519, where a reflective-transparent plane is used to make drawings. But no instrument was found that performs the functions required in modeling by the specular method. There are instruments, mechanisms or materials, which conveniently combined result in this instrument. For which the commonly used modeling easels have been emulated, which are usually constituted by a horizontal rotating wheel that serves both to place the model to be copied, and to model the copy.

Object of the invention

During the modeling task by the method speculate (for example, a plaster model and a copy in clay) that takes place in sculpture studies or in fields teachers, the sculptor, or the teacher, has to carry out operations of perception, understanding or explanation with three-dimensional forms, make corrections, etc. For example, when the teacher does corrections, you have to make the student see the errors of form or proportion of the copy you are making. The student may not see your mistakes or, also, it may happen that you don't see your work well but do not succeed to put or remove mud for correction. He teacher compares the model with the copy and perceives the differences or mistakes but there is the big problem of making the student see what he has seen himself, considering that the model and the copy they occupy different spaces, and that the eyes of the teacher and those of the Students also perceive from different places. This and others problematic exist whether you use the specular method of modeling, as if working by the "parallel" method commonly used

For the specular modeling method, the The solution presented is to visually unite the model and the copy. Modeling and teaching are facilitated with this "union" since it is done three-dimensionally and perceived from any point of view: the teacher, the student or the from any other viewer. This union must be done in a precise mode, "occupying" the model and copying the same space, position and proportion, also allowing the turn for its total observation.

Description of the invention

The modeling instrument by the method Speculate comprises the following elements:

-

Two discs with parallel axes and surface placed at the same height, connected by some system that synchronizes its circular movement symmetrically and synchronously, one on which the model to copy and another on which the material is placed on the It will be modeled.

-

A element that serves as support to the two discs.

-

A semi-plated mirror that reflects light in a percentage lower than 100% located in the plane of symmetry between the two discs.

-

Two dimmable lamps placed one on each side of the mirror so that you can see, in the mirror and from it position, model or copy depending on its intensity.

Description of the figures

Figure 1.- Figure 1 shows the "set base ". The elements represented are: 1: Element that serves as support for the disks (2) and (3). 2 and 3: Discs that serve as support for the model and the material to be modeled. 4: profiles of resistant material. 5: Fixing elements that connect the discs (2) and (3) to the support (1) acting as the axis of rotation. 6: Fixing system that allows to adjust and fix the position of the disk (3). 36: Belt or other device that synchronizes the rotation of The two discs.

Figure 2.- This figure represents a disc section (2). The elements represented are: 1: Element It serves as a support for the disks. 2: Support disk for model. 5: Fixing element connecting the disc (2) to the support allowing its turn. 7: Notch to adjust the strap or item that allows synchronizing the turn. 9: Pressure element that maintains fixed the disc by means of the element (5).

Figure 3.- This figure represents a disc section (3). The elements represented are: 1: Element It serves as a support for the disks. 3: Support disk for modeling material. 5: Fixing element that connect the disk (3) to the support allowing its rotation. 6: Fixing system that allows to adjust and fix the position of the disc (3) and the disc auxiliary (8) 7: Notch to adjust the belt or element that allow to synchronize the turn. 8: Auxiliary disk that rotates so independent of (3). 9: Pressure element that holds the disk using the element (5).

Figure 4.- Rear view of the part that supports The semi-plated mirror. The elements represented are: 10: Mirror semi-plated 11: Frame on which the mirror is inserted (10). 12: Base on which the frame (11) is attached. 13: Element of fixing and rotation axis to adjust the mirror. 14: Element of fixation. 15: Hinges. 34: Frame closing elements. 35: Frame Profile

Figure 5.- Representation of the base set with the elements that allow you to attach the semi-plated mirror. The Elements represented are: 16: Element on which the hinges that attach the semi-plated mirror support to the support to the that discs 17 are fixed: Element that serves as support for the semiplate mirror in position that allows copying. 18: Fasteners 36: Belt or other synchronizing device the spin of the two discs.

Figure 6.- Complete modeling instrument, with the mirror folded back. The elements represented in this Figure are: 11: Frame on which the mirror is inserted semi-plated 15: hinges. 17: Element on which the semiplate mirror in position that allows copying. 19: Supports between which the frame (11) fits seamlessly.

Figure 7.- Complete modeling instrument, with the mirror in the position that allows the copy. The elements represented in this figure are: 1: Element that serves as support for disks (2) and (3). 2 and 3: Discs that support the model and the material to be modeled. 6: Fixing system that allows to adjust and fix the position of the disc (3). 16: Element on which the hinges that attach the mirror support are fixed semiplateado to the support to which the discs are fixed. 17: Element on which the semi-plated mirror rests in position which allows copying. 20 and 21: Adjustment marks drawn on the side of the element (16). 22 and 23: Central Circumferences drawn on the disks (2) and (3). 24 and 25: Circumferences external drawn on the discs. 26 and 27: Semi-correct adjustment drawn on the element (16). 37: Frame singing.

Figure 8.- Example of copying using the modeling instrument, with the mirror in the position that allows the copy indicating the necessary lighting elements. The Elements represented in this figure are: 2 and 3: Disks that serve of support for the model and the material to be modeled 28: Lamps adjustable intensity. 29: Support on which they are attached The lamps. 30: Independent light regulators. 31: Element original. 32: Reflection of the original element. 33: Material on That is modeled.

Detailed description of the invention

The instrument uses a pair of discs of parallel axes (2) and (3), connected by some system that synchronize your circular movement symmetrically as, by for example, a cross belt (36) of cylindrical section or some type of gear. Both wheels have the same radius, so they turn synchronously and "symmetrically". (This connection-transmission can also be done with straight teeth cylindrical gear). Transmission force of the movement is manual, so any of the wheels can Be motor or driven.

In the optical part occupying the plane of symmetry between the discs, a semi-plated mirror (10) (or semi-negative) that reflects the light in a percentage lower than 100% (for example, 50%). This type of mirror divides the light beam incident so that you can see the reflected image at once or juxtaposed with the object behind it. Surface is used silver of this mirror as a plane of symmetry with respect to two symmetric spaces, with which you can "join" visually both spaces and, therefore, the objects located symmetrically to both sides [Figure 8].

The lighting of both spaces (left and right) must be adequate so that this visual union can be produce. For which there must be an adaptation in the light intensity of each of the symmetric spaces. For the which, depending on the lighting conditions, as of the different coloration of both objects, for example, plaster (clear) or clay (dark), it may be useful to use two lamps (28), with independent adjustable lighting. These lamps are placed every one for each space, located precisely symmetrically with respect to the plane, and with a screen (29) so that each of they illuminate only their corresponding space. Two are used light regulators (30) with which it operates separately to get this light adaptation.

To facilitate modeling work, the mirror semiplateado can vary its position until leaving the area of work, for example, collapsing backwards.

Preferred Embodiment

The instrument can be made of rigid and waterproof material, preferably treated wood, resin, or other material with similar characteristics and hardness conditions. The instrument comprises a "base set" [Figure 1]: an element (1) that serves as a support for the disks, on which the disks (2) and (3) are placed and, so that it remains stable against movements or kinks, to which two profiles (4) of rigid material can be adhered. The discs (2) and (3) are connected to the element (1) by means of elements that allow its rotation (5). Both discs must be connected in a way that allows their symmetrical and synchronized rotation. A possible form of linked to each other would be by means of a belt, (36), of circular section, crossed in the form of eight and duly tensioned, although they could be synchronized using any other means such as, for example, by two cogwheels, with the appropriate radius for connection, attached to the axes of the disks (2) and (3) below the element that serves as
support (1).

The disks (2) and (3) are connected to the element (1) by a suitable fixing system. The disk (2) [Figure 2], on which the model to be copied is placed, is jointly united with the element (5). The second disk may be identical to the first if the synchronization system allows it, although preferably it must allow to adjust the position of the object it supports For achieve it, the symmetrical disk, on which the material of modeling, (3) (figure 3), is thinner and is located on a auxiliary disk (8) so that between the two they have the same height than the disk (2). The disk (3) [Figure 3] is solidly bonded with the shaft (5) and placed on an auxiliary disk (8), which rotates regardless of (3) within the limits of a slot practiced on the disc (3) for this purpose. To adjust the position of the disk (3) on the auxiliary disk (8), and therefore improves the symmetry precision with the disc (2), have an element fixator, such as a thumb screw (6).

With this "base set" [Figure 1] you It has an instrument that serves to model by the method speculate. By this method, the model is placed on one of the wheels rotating, for example on the left, and on the other it goes modeling, symmetrically, a copy. When turning one of the wheels, turn the other one in a synchronous and symmetrical way.

The semi-plated mirror (10) is inserted in the frame (11), according to the cut (35) of the profile so that it can be extracted. A non-limiting embodiment is to manufacture the frame with fixed joint in two of its miter while the two others have been assembled with metal angles (34) so that it can open The frame is attached to the piece (12) by an element fixing (13) that also serves as a pivot axis to adjust the mirror to be perpendicular to the support (1); and to Fix it using, for example, a thumb screw (14). This movement and fixing is possible because this thumb screw (14) slides, within the slit made for this purpose, in circular (very short) movement relative to the center in the screw (13). By means of the hinges (15), this set looks like this ready to be attached to the "base set", as seen in Figures 6 and 7.

To join the "mirror assembly" to "base set" [Figure 5] two elements are used, one (16) on which the hinges that attach the mirror support are fixed semiplateado to the support to which the disks are fixed, and another, (17), which serves as support for the frame that supports the mirror semiplateado position that allows the copy and on which they are placed brackets (19) [Figure 7] between which fits smoothly the frame (11) of the mirror.

These pieces fulfill several functions (a) support the "mirror assembly" [Figures 6 and 7], (b) place the plane of the mirror in equidistant position of the centers of the two discs, for which, the elements (16) and (17) slide on the support (1) in a direction parallel to the straight line that passes through The centers of the wheels. This slip and the fixation of the position for adjustment, is made thanks to the elements (18), preferably thumb screws, and the corresponding slides of rectilinear slide also practiced to such effect; and (c) pieces (16) and (17) raise or separate the "assembly of the mirror "at a convenient height so that the belt transmission (36) moves without touching the frame [Figure 7].

The "mirror set" connects [Figures 6 and 7] to the rest by means of the two hinges (15) that let it swing backwards to model without your help. The axes of these hinges are in a line parallel to the line that passes through the centers of the two wheels. When you fold the mirror forward, this one is in the right position so that the user can "see together "the model with the copy. The instrument has a system of adjustments or adjustments to achieve sufficient accuracy. The adjustment elements (6), (14) and (18) can use screws Dovecote or similar fasteners. The adjustments are made visually helping with the symmetrical images reflected in the mirror. For these adjustments, and in general for the use of this instrument, it has been taken into account that the crystal has one of its semi-plated surfaces, which is what makes the plane of symmetry, which is placed towards the left side with respect to the user. He user must also look from this same side, because if he looks from the other side a second image may interfere, less perceptible, which also produces the face of the crystal that is not silver

For the optical system to work with precision, an optical-mechanical adjustment and / or system is necessary Adjustments

Non-limiting lines can be used radial from the center (5), of the discs, marks (20), (21), (26) and (27) drawn on the element (16) on which the hinges that attach the semi-plated mirror support to the support to the that the discs are fixed, or circumferences (22) and (23) drawn on the disks (2) and (3).

Adjustments start by making the mirror (10) is perpendicular to the element (1) that serves as support for the disks or, which is the same, perpendicular to the plane containing the upper surface of the wheels (2) and (3). For which the mirror around the shaft (13) and fixed with the handle (14). The fixation is done when the mark (20) looks confused or coincident with the mark (21), then seeing the two horizontal stripes at same level. Then the pieces (16) and (17) are sliding until the circles of the two wheels coincide and are confused: both the small central circles (22) with the (23), and the outermost circles (24) with (25). In these operations you can help the area line (26), which will also coincide with that of the zone (27), moving only the piece (17). (This setting It is very dim, and would not be needed if the edge (37) of the frame (11) It is well mechanized). With these adjustments it is ensured that the mirror It is perpendicular to the straight line that passes through the center of the wheels. The last adjustment is that of the element (6); for which the upper part of the disc (3), while the auxiliary disc (8) remains fixed by the pressure of the transmission element (36), until the symmetry is perfect.

Double lighting can improve perception visual [Figure 8]. The lamps (28) are attached to the support (29) which also works as a screen, so that each of the Lamps illuminate alone and directly your own space. Each of the lamps have their own light regulator so that from the dimmers (30) you can adjust the lighting of each of the spaces

As an example [Figure 8], the original model that will be copied by a pyramid, which serves to See the juxtapositions mentioned above. With the lighting of the adequate symmetric spaces (with natural or artificial light), the disk (2) with the model (31) are reflected in the mirror, while the modeling material (33) is also seen through it, "embedded" in the reflected model (32).

Although modeling stands are usually of wood, a metallic version would need less elements of adjustment and adjustment, moisture problems in the wood, the transmission could be by cogwheel which is more effective and the instrument would have a longer duration; although the initial costs for their production they would be greater.

Claims (1)

1. Instrument for modeling by the method to speculate, which includes:

-

Two discs with parallel axes and surface placed at the same height, connected by some system that synchronizes its circular movement symmetrically and synchronously, one on which the model to copy and another on which the material is placed on the It will be modeled.

-

A element that serves as support to the two discs.

-

A semi-plated mirror that reflects light in a percentage lower than 100% located in the plane of symmetry between the two discs.

-

Two dimmable lamps placed one on each side of the mirror.