ES2334055T3 - SLIDING RING SYSTEM FOR HIGH FREQUENCY WIDE BAND. - Google Patents

Abstract

A velocity compensated contacting ring system includes a first dielectric material, a plurality of concentric spaced conductive rings and a first ground plane. The first dielectric material includes a first side and a second side. The plurality of concentric spaced conductive rings are located on the first side of the first dielectric material. The conductive rings include an inner ring and an outer ring. The first ground plane is located on the second side of the first dielectric material. A width of the inner ring is greater than a width of the outer ring and the widths of the inner and outer rings are selected to substantially equalize electrical lengths of the inner and outer rings.

Description

Sliding ring system for broadband high frequency.

Background of the invention

The present invention is generally directed to a sliding type contact ring system that is used to transfer signals from a frame of reference stationary to a moving frame of reference and, more specifically, to a sliding ring type system contact that is suitable for high data communications speed.

The sliding contact type rings have been widely used to transmit signals between two frames that move in rotational relationship with each other. The Rings prior art sliders of this nature have used conductive probes of precious metal alloys to make contact with a rotary joint system. These probes have been traditionally built using circular wire, materials composite, button contacts or conductive fiber brushes of multifilament Concentric contact rings corresponding sliding rings typically have the form to provide an appropriate cross-sectional shape for the sliding contact. Typical ring shapes have including V-grooves, U-grooves and flat rings. Schemes similar have been used with systems that show movement of translation rather than rotational movement.

When high frequency signals are transmitted by means of sliding rings, a main limiting factor of the maximum transmission speed is the distortion of the forms of wave due to reflections of impedance discontinuities. Impedance discontinuities may appear through the sliding ring provided that different forms of lines of transmission interconnect and have different impedances of Overvoltage. Impedance differences can often appear significant when the transmission lines interconnect a ring joint with an external interface, in the structures of brush contact and when the transmission lines connect those brush contact structures with their external interfaces Severe distortions of the signals of high frequency may appear for any of the transitions impedance matching poorly on transmission lines. In addition, severe distortion may also occur due to phase errors of multiple brush connections parallel.

Loss of energy through the rings sliders increases with frequency due to a variety of effects, such as multiple reflections of impedances that do not match, circuit resonance, inductance and Distributed capacitance, dielectric losses and the effect film High frequency analog communications and digital through the rotary interfaces have also been achieved or proposed by other techniques, such as interfaces of fiber optic, capacitive couplings, inductive couplings and the direct transmission of electromagnetic radiation through the intervening space. However, the systems that employ these Techniques tend to be relatively expensive.

US 2004/161950 A1 describes a contact seal system according to the part of pre-characterization of claim 1 of the claims They accompany each other.

What is needed is a ring system Slider that addresses the problems indicated above, at the same time that provides a sliding joint system that can be produced easily.

Summary of the Invention

In accordance with the present invention, a contracting ring system comprising a material dielectric with a first side and a second side; a plurality of concentrically separated conductive rings located in the first side of the dielectric material, in which the rings conductors include an inner ring and an outer ring; and a first base plane located on the second side of the material dielectric; and the thicknesses of the inner and outer rings are selected to substantially match the lengths Electrical of the inner and outer rings.

In a preferred embodiment, a groove in the dielectric material on at least one side of the ring outside to cause an increase in propagation speed of outer ring signal. A base background can be formed in the dielectric material between the inner ring and the first base plane, and the second base plane, when it has been implemented, causes a decrease in signal propagation speed of the inner ring. The thicknesses of the inner rings and Outside may be different. The surface finishes of the Inner and outer rings may be different. The Rings interior and exterior can provide a differential pair of a transmission line. The inner and outer rings can provide a non-differential transmission line and the line of non-differential transmission can be a waveguide coplanar

Embodiments of the invention may further comprise a plurality of terminators located for reduce the reflections attributable to the discontinuities of impedance. Terminators may be at least one of surface mount components, embedded passive components or components created using techniques of stripline Terminators can be positioned within tracks. The embedded passive components They can be thin film components.

These and other features, advantages and objects of the present invention will be better understood and appreciated  for those skilled in the art with reference to the following specification, claims and attached drawings.

Brief description of the drawings

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a high frequency (AF) printed circuit board (CI) including  flexible circuit transmission lines that provide external connection with the ring structures of the plate sliding rings;

Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of a plurality of bifurcated flat brush contacts and an IC associated;

Fig. 3 is a partial view of a contact of six-finger interdigitated flat brush of the example;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the ends of a plurality of flat brush contacts forks that are in contact with conductive rings of a CI slip ring plate;

Fig. 5 is a view of a section partial transverse of a central eyelet feed point of the flat brush contacts of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a partial view from above of a rotating joint system that shows the alignment of a plurality of bifurcated flat brush contacts, through of the central eyelet feeding points, with seals conductors of an IC turntable plate;

Fig. 7a shows an electrical diagram of a differential brush contact system,

Fig. 7B shows a view of a section cross section of an IC that implements the contact system of differential brush of Fig. 7a;

Fig. 8 is an electrical diagram of a system of contact of brushes of differential of parallel feeding;

Fig. 9 is a diagram of a line of conical parallel differential transmission;

Fig. 10 is an electrical diagram of a pair of differential graduated transmission lines;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a part of a microstrip contact;

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the microstrip contact of Fig. 11 in contact with a pair of concentric rings of a plate of sliding rings of CI;

Fig. 13A is an electrical diagram of a plate of CI slip rings that implements transmission lines differentials;

Fig. 13B is a sectional view. partial transverse of a three layer IC used in the construction of the slide ring plate of CI of Fig. 13A;

Fig. 14 is an electrical diagram of a plate of CI slip rings that implements transmission lines differentials;

Fig. 15 is a sectional view partial transverse of a four layer IC used in the construction of the slide ring plate of CI of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a perspective view of an axis rotary to receive a plurality of ring plates CI sliders;

Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the axis Rotary of Fig. 16 which includes at least one plate of sliding rings mounted on it;

Fig. 18 is a sectional view. transverse of a relevant portion of a sliding ring that implements a differential microstrip, built according to a embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 19 is a sectional view transverse of a relevant part of a sliding ring that implements a coplanar waveguide, built with another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 20 is an electrical scheme of a ring single-end slide, built according to a embodiment of the present invention,

Fig. 21 is an electrical scheme of a ring differential slider, constructed in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 22 is a sectional view transverse of a relevant part of a sliding ring of printed circuit (CI), including a technology component of surface mount (TMS) mounted on an IC track; Y

Fig. 23 is a top view of a relevant portion of a sliding ring that has a resistor embedded coupled by means of two ring signal lines sliding, constructed in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

As described here, a ring system Broadband contact slider is designed for the high speed data transmission in a frequency range from direct current to several GHz. The realizations of the present invention employ a disc of sliding rings of printed circuit (CI) conductor that uses materials and techniques high frequency and an associated transmission line that interconnects slip ring plate conductive rings from CI to an external interface. The embodiments of this invention may also include a contact sensor system that also uses the construction of IC and high frequency techniques to minimize the degradation of the signals attributable to the high frequency and for the purposes of the characteristic impedance. He contact probe system includes a transmission line that interconnects the probes of the contact probe system with a external interface, again using various techniques to minimize signal degradation due to high frequency and for the purposes of the characteristic impedance. Miscellaneous Embodiments of the present invention are directed to the difficulty of control the factors that limit operation to high frequency of a sliding ring. Specifically, the embodiments of the present invention control the impedance of the structures of the transmission line and are directed to others concerns related to high frequency reflection and losses.

An embodiment of the present invention is addressed to the key areas of the problem related to High frequency reflections and losses associated with the Sliding ring electrical contact system sliders Various embodiments of the present invention use a sliding ring system of conductive rings electrical planes and contacts of interdigitated precious metals blueprints. Both structures are manufactured using materials CI and can implement microstrip and line transmission lines strip and variations of these.

Flat Shape Brush Contact System

In general, use a brush contact flatly provides significant benefits over high frequency sliding rings, when compared to Round wire contacts and other forms of contact. These Benefits include: reduced skin effect, when areas wider surfaces tend to reduce losses to high frequency; lower inductance, as a flat cross section tends to reduce inductance and high frequency losses; lower characteristic impedance, which is more compatible with differential impedances of sliding rings; higher performance (low spring speed), which is tolerant of release axial of a plate of sliding rings; compatibility with Surface mount IC technology and high lateral stiffness, which allows brushes to move accurately in a system of flat rings

High lateral stiffness is generally desirable. to create a sliding ring contact system that operates successfully with a flat ring system. Such ring system planes can easily use IC technology in the creation of the ring system. In general, CI technology is capable of provide a well controlled impedance characteristic that it can be of impedance value significantly higher than which allowed prior art techniques. That major impedance makes it possible to match the characteristic impedance of the common transmission lines, heading back to one of the problems associated with high data transmission frequency.

The interdigitated contacts, that is, the bifurcated contacts, trifurcated contacts or split contacts otherwise in multiple parallel finger contacts, they have other significant advantages applicable to the operation of the rings sliders Parallel contact points are a feature. traditional sliding rings from the point of view that They provide an acceptably low dynamic resistance. With the conventional sliding rings, dynamic noise can have a significant inductive component of the wiring needed to Implement multiple parallel contacts. The contacts of Flat brushes offer multiple low contact points inductance operating in parallel and provide an improvement significant in operation with respect to noise dynamic.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 5, one particular implementation of contacts 200 brush planes multiple is a pair of such brushes 202 and 204 mounted a in front of the other in an IC 206 and fed through an eyelet or central line 208. Apart from the advantages of brushes multiple due to increased current capacity and resistance reduced dynamics, this implementation also has benefits of high frequency operation. Central eyelet 208 ensures transmission lines equal in length and signals in phase for both brushes 202 and 204, as well as characteristic impedances favorable to concordance with the impedance of the rings sliding and low losses. The position of the tips of the Very close contact brushes help reduce the errors of sliding ring phase. With reference to Figs. 1 and 6, the central track 209 also allows visual verification of the alignment of contact brushes 202 and 204 with a ring, that is, the ring 106A, which is a very desirable feature that Simplify the set of sliding rings.

As depicted in Figs. 7A-7B, at high data rates and high frequencies, brush structures 702 and 704 fed centrally they can be optimally used in the lines of differential transmission. The geometry of the transmission line shown is typically implemented with a multi 700 IC layers. Flat brush contacts 702 and 704 are mounted superficially to a microstrip 705 structure on a plane 710 base. The connection between brushes 702 and 704 and the external input terminals is in the form of a microstrip 712 embedded. The size and separation of microstrips 705 from brushes and the 712 embedded microstrip transmission line that feeds them are dictated by the need to match the impedance of the external transmission line and the slip ring associated. The holes of the track for connection of the lines of external transmission and associated central power supply line 708 they penetrate completely into CI 700 and have 714 relief areas in the 710 plane base for electrical insulation. The two ICs can be joined back to back to feed the two sliding rings, with the tracks penetrating both boards of An analogous way.

As illustrated in Fig. 8, they can be implemented multiple brush structures using IC techniques, as described above, to create sections of Transmission lines of the correct impedance. For example, assuming the use of 50 Ohm wiring, the transmission lines 802 and 804 "interconnection" are designed for a differential impedance of 50 Ohms, matching the line of external power The conditions parallel to the structures of brush are through transmission lines 806 and 810 of equal length Such transmission lines that provide signals in phase with the brush structures are referred to in this document as "zero degree offset lines", being in harmony with a similar expression used for the systems of antennas in phase. The impedance of these "zero degree lines of lag "is twice that of the" interconnection lines ", or 100 Ohms. The differential impedance of the sliding ring used with a contact structure 800, as illustrated in Fig. 8, it is then twice that of phase lines 806 and 810, or 200 Ohms. A general solution to parallel feeding of N contact structures sets the impedance differential of the phase lines as N times the input impedance.

In those examples in which the impedances are not convenient or are not values that can be achieved, use of a 900 line of graduated impedance transmission (i.e. changing continuously (although almost imperceptibly) can be used as a concordance section between impedances not Similar. With reference to Fig. 9, a diagram illustrates a concordance section between non-similar impedances, which shows a conical parallel differential transmission line 900. Do Tapered strokes 902 and 904 is a method of continuously varying the impedance, which minimizes the magnitude of the reflections that in otherwise they would occur due to the abrupt discontinuities of Impedance

Fig. 10 illustrates the use of the lines of graduated impedance transmission as a solution to improve the effects of non-similar impedance values. In this example, the differential impedance of the associated slip ring with the contact system is too low to match conveniently the phase lines, as described in conjunction with Fig. 8. The taper of the lines of interconnection 1002 and 1004 allows the line impedance of transmission is gradually reduced to an intermediate value of impedance between the rings of the sliding ring plate and from the external transmission line. The taper of the lines of phase 1006 and 1010 of zero degrees allows the impedance to increase gradually from the sliding ring to match the intermediate value described above. The net effect of using the concordant sections of graduated impedance is to reduce the magnitude of reflections of what would otherwise be disagreements substantial impedance. Minimize discontinuities of impedance is desirable from the point of view of preserving the Signal integrity of data waveforms at high speed.

In Fig. 11 another technique is shown for build a sliding ring contact system that they operate above a GHz. This technique uses a contact microstrip 1100 to preserve the characteristics of the line of transmission within a few millimeters of the ring sliding before transitioning to contacts 1102 and 1104. The microstrip 1100 contact acts as a cantilever spring to provide a correct brush force, as well as Provide an impedance controlled transmission line. By therefore, the microstrip 1100 contact acts simultaneously as a transmission line, a spring and a brush contact, with operating advantages above a GHz. The realization of Fig. 12, which represents the contact 100 of Fig. 11 in conjunction with a 1120 sliding ring plate, it works for provide a single high speed differential data channel of a broadband sliding ring.

Plate of Sliding Rings of Wide Band of CI of Form Flat

The systems that implement a ring plate Broadband sliders with a contact system flat interdigitated brushes are typically implemented using multilayer IC techniques, although they are also possible Other techniques High frequency operation is favored by the use of low dielectric constant substrates and lines of Impedance transmission controlled using microstrip, strip-line, coplanar waveform and techniques Similar. In addition, the use of differential transmission lines balanced is an important tool from the point of view of controlling electromagnetic emission and susceptibility as well as the common mode interference. The microstrip, the strip-line and other construction techniques of microwaves also promote precise control of the impedance of the structures of the transmission lines, a vital factor for the wide bandwidths required for digital signage to high frequency. A specific implementation depends primarily of the desired impedance and the requirements of the bandwidth.

Figs. 13A-13B show a electrical diagram and a partial cross section, respectively, of a sliding ring plate 1300 using a microstrip construction, with 1302A conductive rings and 1302B engraved on one side of the dielectric material of an IC 1304, with a base plane 1310 on the opposite side. CI material 1304 is chosen to be appropriate for the dielectric constant desired that is appropriate for the desired impedance of the 1300 plate of sliding rings. The connections between the conductive rings  1302A and 1302B and the external transmission lines are made by embedded microstrips 1306A and 1306B, respectively. The 1306A and 1306B microstrips are typically routed to one way or surface support for connection to the wiring or other line of transmission. Connections between power lines 1306A and 1306B and rings 1302A and 1302B are provided by routes that They run between two layers. The structure shown is typically a three layer or five to six layer structure if it is Built as a plate of two-sided sliding rings. He 1310 base plane can be a solid construction or a mesh depending on whether the base plane is to act as a variable of additional impedance and / or to control board distortion of control.

The negative barrier 1320, that is, a slot mechanized between the rings, it fulfills some of the functions of a more traditional barrier, such as increasing the distance between surface ridges for dielectric insulation and provide physical protection against larger pieces of remains drivers. The negative barrier 1320 used in a ring plate also high frequency sliders have the characteristic of decrease the effective dielectric constant of the ring system replacing the solid dielectric with air. The electrical advantage of this feature is that it allows you to build dishes of slip rings with higher impedance than otherwise they would be practical for a given dielectric. In addition, the barrier negative 1320 can also be implemented to provide a speed compensation, as described below.

The rings 1302A and 1302B can be fed or with only one end and referenced to the 1310 base plane or directly between adjacent rings. As described more forward, the power lines 1306A and 1306B can be strokes or constant width appropriately sized for the desired impedance or impedance transmission lines graduate to help match non-similar impedances.

The construction of CI slip rings, described above, provides good operation at high frequency up to frequencies of several hundred MHz, depending on the size Slip ring plate material and materials chosen. The greatest limitation to the upper frequency limit of such a plate of sliding rings is imposed by the effects of resonance when transmission lines become a fraction Significant wavelength of the desired signal. Typically, reasonable operation can be expected up to ring circumference of approximately one tenth of the length electric wave signal with reasonable loss values of insertion and standing wave relationship.

To accommodate frequencies or bandwidths larger for a given size of slip ring, must be increased generally the resonance frequency of the sliding ring. A method of accomplishing this is to divide the power line into multiple phase lines and drive the sliding ring in multiple points The effect is to place the inductances distributed of the sliding rings in parallel, which increases the resonance frequency proportionally to the square root of inductance change. Fig. 4 shows a system of 1400 power using differential transmission lines and the Fig. 15 shows a cross section of a ring plate IC sliders incorporating the feeding method. Both phase lines and associated power points are shown in the example, although three or more phase lines can be used with appropriate tolerance to match impedances.

Transmission lines to rings 1402 and 1404 are connected to points 1401 and 1403, respectively, in both Figs. 14 and 15. Interconnected transmission lines 1406 and 1408 are designed to match the impedance of the line power, 50 Ohms in this example. Parallel combination of phase lines 1410A and 1410B and 1412A and 1412B are also designed to match the impedance of 50 Ohm, or 100 Ohm individually. Each phase line connection sees a section parallel of rings 1402 and 1404, which, in this example, are designed for a differential impedance of 200 Ohm. They're possible other combinations as well as appropriate adjustments to match With the impedances. Specifically, when N is the number of feeding points of the sliding rings and Z is the input impedance, the phase line impedance is N * Z and The impedance of the ring is 2 * N * Z. You can achieve greater impedance values for the use of low constant materials dielectric The phase lines shown in Fig. 15 are benefit from the proximity of the air in the negative barrier to achieve a lower dielectric coefficient and higher impedance differential.

The use of flexible circuitry 104 (see Fig. 1) in the construction of the phase line sections of graduated impedance facilitates multipoint connections with rings 106A and 106B of the plate 102 of sliding rings of CI. This method simplifies the construction of the IC slip ring when the phase lines are external to the ring and are easily connected in parallel on the power transmission line crusade. The concordance sections with the graduated impedance allow the construction of sliding rings with profiles of soft impedances, which improves the flatness of the band pass and signal distortion due to discontinuities of impedance. The use of graduated impedance phase lines is generally a desirable feature when built CI slip rings 100.

Mounting Method of Sliding Rings

Figs 16 and 17 show a rotating shaft 1600, to receive a plurality of sets 100 of ring plates sliders, which is advantageously designed to facilitate the construction of a sliding ring, while addressing three typical concerns found in making these dispositives. As designed, the shaft allows control of axial positioning of the plates without accumulation of tolerances, the control of the radial positioning of the rings plate sliders and cable and conductor management A significant difficulty when assembling ring plates sliding to a rotating shaft is to prevent the accumulation of tolerances that is inherent with many mounting methods of sliding rings, that is, those that use spacers. The Cable and conductor management is also in perennial problem with the manufacture of most slip rings since the Cable congestion increases with each additional dish. As best shown in Fig. 16, the rotating shaft 1600 includes a number of steps that address the problems mentioned above.

The 1600 axis can be a manufactured component with numerical control (CNC) with a series of concentric grooves machined to produce a helical arrangement of lands / mounting adapters 1602-1612 for plates 102 of the sliding ring system. Positioning axial grooves on the 1600 axis are a function of the repeatability of the machining operation, therefore a side of each sliding ring is located axially within the machining accuracy without progressive accumulation of tolerances The opposite side of each plate 102 is positioned with only the thickness tolerance of the ring as a factor additional. The inside diameter of the grooves is sized to provide a radial positioning surface for the inside diameter of each plate. The lands / adapters 1602-1612 helically arranged provide the mounting characteristics of each plate 102. The arrangement helical provides more space for the passage of cables when each dish 102 is installed. The shape of the cable passage 1640 provides a step to group the 1650 cables for the management of cables and for electrical insulation purposes. As shown in the Fig. 17, the axis 1600 can be advantageously located within a 1660 cavity of a 1670 shape during system construction of sliding rings of multiple dishes.

In short, a sliding ring system which incorporates the features described here provides a High frequency broadband sliding ring with following points, although not necessarily simultaneously, in a given implementation: the use of flat interdigitated contacts in conjunction with flat IC slide rings and technical transmission lines for using wide bandwidths; the use of brush contact structures that include a central line coupled to a power line, which provides advantages of operation and allows verification of visual alignment between the rings and brushes; the construction of CI lines differential transmission for feed slip rings multi-point; the use of Multiple Flex phase lines To multi-point feeding of sliding rings; the use of concordance sections of impedance transmission lines graduated to affect the impedance match in CI slip rings in general and specifically in the previous applications; the use of a negative barrier in the CI slip ring plate design for its benefits of electrical insulation as well as its high frequency benefits attributable to a lower dielectric constant; the use of microstrip contacts, that is, a flexible line section of microstrip transmission with embedded contacts to provide advantages of high frequency operation over approaches more traditional; and the use of a rotary axis with steps in the construction of slip rings for technical improvements in the Mechanical positioning and cable management.

Sliding Compensated Speed Ring

Transmit differential signals through a sliding plate-type ring, with a conventional construction or printed circuit (CI), may require addressing the problem of differentiate the radii R1 and R2 from Fig. 18 from two conductors or of more conductors that form a transmission line. In a ring Typical plate type slide, conductive rings are implemented with different spokes for each ring. Therefore, the rings of a pair of resulting rings have different physical circumferences and therefore form a line of transmission that is made of two unequal step lengths. The different physical lengths of the rings result in different electrical lengths of the rings, with the result of what differential signals carried by the rings are put out phase when traveling around the rings. A line of Transmission built like this presents a host of penalties electrical, which include, balanced differential gradient, increased radiation from the transmission line, increased vulnerability to common mode signals, jitter increased and digital data rate decreased.

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, the limitations presented by sliding rings that use different spokes for the rings is directed by the application of speed compensation techniques. The techniques Speed compensation result in equalization of electric lengths of the rings, even though the rings have different physical lengths. In this way, the signals that propagate around the sliding ring remain in phase with respect to the angular position and do not present the offset that is inherent in the slip rings of the prior art.

With reference to Fig. 18 and according to the present invention, a number of techniques can be implemented to control and equalize the propagation speed of a sliding ring 1800 of differential plate, which can rotate about a rotation axis 1801. For example, since a wider ring has a lower propagation speed of a narrower ring, the width of the inner ring 1808 can be selected to be wider than the width of the outer ring 1810. Thus, the widths of the two rings of a differential pair are adjusted to achieve an equal electrical circumference (or an equal time offset). The propagation speed of the outer ring 1810 can also be increased by grooves that are formed 1812 in a dielectric 1804 on each side of the outer ring 1810. The grooves 1812 effectively decrease an average dielectric constant and, therefore, increase the propagation speed of a signal carried by the outer ring 1812. The grooves 1812 can be, for example, cut inside the dielectric 1804 on one or both sides of the outer ring 1812. The size of the grooves 1812 can be adjusted to make both the inner ring 1808 as the outer ring 1812 have the same electrical circumference and time lag, despite having different circumferences
physical

The propagation speed of a ring also it can be altered by changing the distance from a ring to a surrounding metal structure, such as the distance to the plane base 1802. For example, the propagation speed of a ring It can be reduced by decreasing the distance to a base plane. Alternatively, or in addition, a base plane can be incorporated additional 1806 inside dielectric 1804 under the ring interior 1808. The physical dimensions of the 1806 base plane additional and the distance between the base plane 1806 and the ring 1808 interior can be adjusted later to achieve the same electrical length or time lag than the differential torque of the unaltered ring. The propagation speed of a ring also can be affected by controlling a thickness and surface finish of the Rings. Although the modification of the thickness and finish superficially typically have a small relative effect on the speed of signal propagation, alter these variables in combination with the other variables described above can allow that a desired signal propagation rate be achieved. All these techniques can be implemented as solutions independent or in combination with one or more of the other techniques to achieve a differential ring that has rings with substantially the same electrical circumference (or offset of weather).

With reference to Fig. 19, the techniques of propagation speed compensation described above may also be used on sliding rings that have one or more differential transmission lines, such as a 1900 guide of coplanar wave, which can rotate around an axis of rotation 1901. A combination of the techniques described above may be used to adjust a propagation speed of the inner ring 1906, the middle ring 1908 and the outer ring 1910 to achieve substantially equal electrical lengths for the rings 1906, 1908 and 1910, which are separated from a 1902 base plan. In a realization, three different widths can be implemented to progressively increase the propagation speed with radius crescent of the ring. In situations where the difference in radios it is too long to allow all compensation altering the ring widths, the propagation speed of the rings 1908 and 1910 can also be augmented by the grooves that 1912, 1912A and 1912B are formed within the 1904 dielectric. Moreover, a secondary base flat ring (as shown in Fig. 18) can be included under inner ring 1906 to slow down the propagation speed of a signal carried by the ring 1906

In the various cases, the goal is to create a geometry that balances the electrical lengths of the rings concentric, altering the width of the ring, the thickness or finish superficial, and / or modifying the dielectric constant locally effective dielectric environment that surrounds them and / or adding a plane secondary base under an appropriate ring.

Incorporate Passive and Active Components in Lines of CI Sliding Ring Transmission

Concern for the integrity of signals, when sliding rings are implemented, can require the use of passive components to complete lines of transmission of the slip rings, to control the reflections due to impedance discontinuities. The CI slip ring construction techniques can also be used to incorporate these terminations within the IC construction by various techniques, for example, implementing surface mount components for RLC networks, embedded passive components (RLC) inside or on the S / R board of PC and / or strip-line techniques to create RLC networks using CI strokes.

A ring termination technique single end slider can include a shunt connection in 2002 and 2004 series of resistor networks as illustrated in Fig. 20, for a single-ended sliding ring 2000. A termination technique for a differential slip ring may include a shunt connection in series of resistor networks 2102 and 2104, as illustrated in Fig. 21, for a ring 2100 differential slider. More complex networks consisting of Inductive, capacitive and / or resistive (RLC) elements can be used as needed to perform the necessary impedance, voltage or current transformations. The use of active electronic devices can also provide such transformations, in addition to signal conditioning, conversion and / or recovery. The incorporation of components electronic on or within the ring transmission line Sliding, as described above, is advantageous for maintaining Signal integrity

Surface Mount Technology (TMS) can be used to mount electronic components directly in or through slider ring ICs, implemented using surface brackets to mount the components on the ring sliding or contact IC. With reference to Fig. 22, the 2206 shunt elements can be installed within a track 2204 or an IC 2202 of slip ring 2200. In this case, the 2206 elements are welded on each side to achieve connection without dispersion reactances that may be inherent when using other track and support constructions. These TMS techniques can be used for the slip ring and IC contacts, as well as Flexible belt transmission lines and connector boards intermediate

With reference to Fig. 23, you can incorporate 2306 passive components embedded directly within  an IC 2302 of a sliding ring 2300 or a contact IC (brush lock). This can be achieved by applying elements. resistive and / or capacitive within appropriate intermediate layers of CI batteries, using thin film or other technologies. The capacity of applying such components at key points in an implementation of Slip ring IC is advantageous for signal integrity, from the point of view of impedance control and management of the reflections. With reference again to Fig. 20, the 2006 and 2008 resistors, shown in dotted lines, can be effectively incorporated as embedded passive components. With reference again to Fig. 23, component 2306 may be a film resistor that is deposited through 2304 strokes of copper from a layer of IC 2302. In addition, the line networks retransmission for microwave frequencies can be implemented using striplines and microstrips (creating capacitors and inductors using circuit strokes printed), allowing components to be incorporated directly on the slip ring or contact IC as part of the entire batch without using discrete components.

The above description is considered that of the preferred embodiments only. Modifications of the invention are they will happen to those skilled in the art and to those who do use of the invention Therefore, it is understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings and described above are basically with illustrative and not understood purposes to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the following claims.

Claims (14)

1. A system (1800) of contact rings, which understands: a dielectric material (1804) with a first side and a second side; a plurality of separate conductor rings concentric located on the first side of the dielectric material, in which the conductive rings include an inner ring (1808) and an outer ring (1810); Y a first base plane (1802) located in the second side of the dialectical material, characterized in that the width of the inner ring (1808) is greater than the width of the outer ring (1810); Y the widths of the inner and outer rings are selected to substantially equalize the lengths Electrical of the inner and outer rings. 2. The system of claim 1, in which a groove (1812) is formed in the dielectric material on at least one side of the outer ring to cause an increase in a ring propagation rate Exterior. 3. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a background (1806) formed in the material dielectric (1804) between the inner ring (1808) and the first base plane (1802), and in which the second base plane (1806) causes a decrease in a propagation speed of the ring signal inside. 4. The system of claim 1, in which the thicknesses of the inner rings and exterior (1808, 1810) are different. 5. The system of claim 1, in which the surface finishes of the Inner and outer rings (1808, 1810) are different. 6. The system of claim 1, in which the inner and outer rings (1808, 1810) provide a differential pair of a line of transmission. 7. The system of claim 1, in which the inner and outer rings (1906, 1910) provide a non-differential transmission line (1900) (1900). 8. The system of claim 7, in which the non-differential transmission line It is a coplanar waveguide. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of terminators located for reduce the reflections attributable to the discontinuities of impedance. 10. The system of claim 9, in which the terminators are at least one of surface mount components, passive components embedded or components created using techniques of stripline 11. The system of claim 9, in which the terminators are located inside of the tracks. 12. The system of claim 10, in which the embedded passive components are thin film components. 13. A contact ring system (1800), as claimed in claim 1 in which a groove is formed in the material dielectric (1804) on at least one side of the outer ring (1810) to cause an increase in a propagation speed of the signal of the outer ring (1810). 14. The system of claim 13, further comprising: A plurality of terminators located for reduce the reflections attributable to the discontinuities of impedance, and in which the terminators are at least one of surface mount components, passive components embedded or components created using techniques of stripline