ES2330595B1 - ULTRASONIC PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE ELIMINATION OF BUBBLES OCCUPIED IN COATINGS WITH PAINTS AND / OR VARNISHES APPLIED AT HIGH SPEED. - Google Patents
ULTRASONIC PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE ELIMINATION OF BUBBLES OCCUPIED IN COATINGS WITH PAINTS AND / OR VARNISHES APPLIED AT HIGH SPEED. Download PDFInfo
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- ES2330595B1 ES2330595B1 ES200600619A ES200600619A ES2330595B1 ES 2330595 B1 ES2330595 B1 ES 2330595B1 ES 200600619 A ES200600619 A ES 200600619A ES 200600619 A ES200600619 A ES 200600619A ES 2330595 B1 ES2330595 B1 ES 2330595B1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUMBMVFBXHLACL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Melanin Chemical compound O=C1C(=O)C(C2=CNC3=C(C(C(=O)C4=C32)=O)C)=C2C4=CNC2=C1C XUMBMVFBXHLACL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/0073—Degasification of liquids by a method not covered by groups B01D19/0005 - B01D19/0042
- B01D19/0078—Degasification of liquids by a method not covered by groups B01D19/0005 - B01D19/0042 by vibration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
Abstract
Procedimiento y dispositivo ultrasónico para la eliminación de burbujas ocluidas en recubrimientos con pinturas y/o barnices aplicados a alta velocidad.Ultrasonic procedure and device for removal of occluded bubbles in coatings with paints and / or varnishes applied at high speed.
Esta invención se refiere a un nuevo procedimiento ultrasónico y a un dispositivo para su implementación tecnológica destinado a eliminación de las burbujas ocluidas en las capas líquidas que constituyen los recubrimientos de superficies con pinturas y/o barnices. En estos procesos la formación de burbujas y microburbujas dentro de la capa líquida es relativamente frecuente. Tales burbujas, que se forman como consecuencia de la retención de aire, son difíciles de eliminar y particularmente en las aplicaciones a alta velocidad y en los procesos de secado rápido son causantes de imperfecciones e inhomogeneidades en el recubrimiento.This invention relates to a new ultrasonic procedure and to a device for implementation technology aimed at eliminating occluded bubbles in the liquid layers that constitute surface coatings with paints and / or varnishes. In these processes the formation of bubbles and microbubbles inside the liquid layer is relatively frequent. Such bubbles, which are formed as a result of the air retention, are difficult to remove and particularly in high speed applications and drying processes fast cause imperfections and inhomogeneities in the covering.
El procedimiento objeto de la presente invención consiste en la aplicación de radiación ultrasónica de alta intensidad por vía aérea sobre la superficie de la capa líquida, inmediatamente después que esta haya sido depositada sobre el substrato y antes de que se produzca el secado del mismo.The process object of the present invention It consists of the application of high ultrasonic radiation intensity by air over the surface of the liquid layer, immediately after it has been deposited on the substrate and before drying occurs.
Description
Procedimiento y dispositivo ultrasónico para la eliminación de burbujas ocluidas en recubrimientos con pinturas y/o barnices aplicados a alta velocidad.Ultrasonic procedure and device for removal of occluded bubbles in coatings with paints and / or varnishes applied at high speed.
Esta invención se refiere a un nuevo procedimiento ultrasónico y a un dispositivo para su implementación tecnológica destinado a eliminación de las burbujas ocluidas en las capas líquidas que constituyen los recubrimientos de superficies con pinturas y/o barnices. En estos procesos la formación de burbujas y microburbujas dentro de la capa líquida es relativamente frecuente. Tales burbujas, que se forman como consecuencia de la retención de aire, son difíciles de eliminar y particularmente en las aplicaciones a alta velocidad y en los procesos de secado rápido son causantes de imperfecciones e inhomogeneidades en el recubrimiento.This invention relates to a new ultrasonic procedure and to a device for implementation technology aimed at eliminating occluded bubbles in the liquid layers that constitute surface coatings with paints and / or varnishes. In these processes the formation of bubbles and Microbubbles inside the liquid layer is relatively frequent. Such bubbles, which are formed as a result of the retention of air, are difficult to remove and particularly in the high speed applications and fast drying processes they cause imperfections and inhomogeneities in the covering.
El procedimiento objeto de la presente invención consiste en la aplicación de radiación ultrasónica de alta intensidad por vía aérea sobre la superficie de la capa líquida, inmediatamente después que esta haya sido depositada sobre el sustrato y antes de que se produzca el secado del mismo.The process object of the present invention It consists of the application of high ultrasonic radiation intensity by air over the surface of the liquid layer, immediately after it has been deposited on the substrate and before drying occurs.
Para la implementación de este procedimiento se ha realizado un dispositivo basado en un generador macrosónico para radiación aérea con un radiador de placa escalonada con el que se obtiene una emisión coherente para la irradiación homogénea de la superficie a tratar. El radiador se sitúa paralelamente a la superficie a tratar. La intensidad y frecuencia de la radiación se determinan según la concentración y tamaño de las burbujas a eliminar así como del tipo de sustrato.For the implementation of this procedure, has made a device based on a macrosonic generator for aerial radiation with a stepped plate radiator with which obtains a coherent emission for the homogeneous irradiation of the surface to be treated The radiator is located parallel to the surface to be treated The intensity and frequency of the radiation is determined according to the concentration and size of the bubbles to remove as well as the type of substrate.
En los procesos actuales de recubrimiento, el procedimiento convencional para paliar los problemas relativos a la retención de aire, consiste en la utilización de aditivos químicos en la pintura o barniz a aplicar con el fin de desgasificarlo. Si los aditivos no son los adecuados o su concentración no es exacta, pueden dar lugar a defectos, tales como perforaciones o cráteres, que son aún más peligrosos que la retención de aire. Por otra parte, incluso en el caso de que los aditivos sean eficaces, y el líquido del recubrimiento esté bien desgasificado, este puede tomar aire de nuevo justamente en el momento de su aplicación sobre la superficie a recubrir. Esta situación es particularmente evidente en el caso de la aplicación por cortina.In the current coating processes, the conventional procedure to alleviate problems related to air retention, consists of the use of chemical additives in the paint or varnish to be applied in order to degas it. Yes the additives are not adequate or their concentration is not exact, they can lead to defects, such as perforations or craters, They are even more dangerous than air retention. For other part, even if the additives are effective, and the coating liquid is well degassed, it can take air again just at the time of its application on the surface to be coated. This situation is particularly evident in the case of curtain application.
Por lo que se refiere a la aplicación de los ultrasonidos de alta intensidad en los procesos de recubrimiento, los estudios desarrollados han estado enfocados al tratamiento del líquido de recubrimiento para desgasificarlo previamente al proceso con el fin de evitar la formación de burbujas durante la aplicación. Estos estudios se han llevado a cabo principalmente en Japón, EEUU, Alemania, Reino Unido y Francia. Los documentos [1-16] que se citan al final de este apartado incluyen soluciones relacionadas.As regards the application of High intensity ultrasound in the coating processes, the studies developed have been focused on the treatment of coating liquid to degas it before the process in order to avoid the formation of bubbles during the application. These studies have been carried out mainly in Japan, USA, Germany, United Kingdom and France. Documents [1-16] cited at the end of this section Include related solutions.
Los métodos empleados se han basado prácticamente en todos los casos, en dos procesos bien conocidos: la desespumación ultrasónica y la desgasificación ultrasónica.The methods used have been based in virtually all cases, in two well-known processes: ultrasonic defoaming and ultrasonic degassing.
La desespumación ultrasónica, tal y como se describe en los documentos [17, 18] descritos al final de este apartado, consiste en la destrucción de las burbujas que forman la espuma mediante las ondas ultrasónicas de alta intensidad. La espuma es una dispersión de gas en líquido con una densidad próxima a la del gas, constituida por una aglomeración de burbujas de gas separadas unas de otras por una delgada película líquida. Las ondas ultrasónicas de alta intensidad aplicadas a la espuma inducen mecanismos de ruptura tales como, resonancias de las burbujas, atomización de la película líquida, fuerzas de radiación, fricción entre burbujas, etc.Ultrasonic defoaming, as it is described in the documents [17,18] described at the end of this section, consists in the destruction of the bubbles that form the foam using high intensity ultrasonic waves. The foam it is a dispersion of gas in liquid with a density close to the of gas, constituted by an agglomeration of gas bubbles separated from each other by a thin liquid film. The waves High intensity ultrasonic applied to the foam induce rupture mechanisms such as, resonances of the bubbles, liquid film atomization, radiation forces, friction between bubbles, etc.
La desgasificación ultrasónica, según el documento [19] señalado al final de este apartado, es un proceso para extraer el gas del interior de un líquido. Las burbujas o acumulaciones de gas dentro de un líquido oscilan por la acción de las ondas ultrasónicas y crecen al atrapar el gas disuelto. Como consecuencia de ese crecimiento, suben hasta la superficie libre del líquido donde escapan hacia el aire.Ultrasonic degassing, according to the document [19] indicated at the end of this section, is a process to extract the gas from inside a liquid. Bubbles or gas accumulations within a liquid oscillate by the action of Ultrasonic waves and grow by trapping dissolved gas. How consequence of that growth, they rise to the free surface of the liquid where they escape into the air.
Ambos procesos, al igual que el uso de los aditivos químicos, se emplean como pre-acondicionamiento del líquido de recubrimiento. Sin embargo, estos proceso son generalmente lentos y de escaso efecto para eliminar las burbujas pequeñas o las microburbujas. Por tanto, su aplicación requiere un cierto tiempo previo al proceso de revestimiento, lo que ha dificultado y en la práctica impedido su aplicación industrial. Además la aplicación de un pretratamiento al líquido de recubrimiento no evita que este pueda capturar aire durante el proceso de aplicación, particularmente en el caso de la aplicación en cortina.Both processes, as well as the use of chemical additives, are used as pre-conditioning of the coating liquid. However, these processes are generally slow and scarce. effect to eliminate small bubbles or microbubbles. By therefore, its application requires some time prior to the process of lining, which has hindered and in practice prevented its industrial application In addition the application of a pretreatment to coating liquid does not prevent it from capturing air during the application process, particularly in the case of curtain application.
1. "Method for preparing and defoaming coating liquid", U. Nobutaka, N. Yasuo, Japanese Patent no JP1 1262601, 1999.1. "Method for preparing and defoaming coating liquid", U. Nobutaka , N. Yasuo , Japanese Patent no JP1 1262601, 1999 .
2. "Method and device for coating", O. Koji, S. Yasuyuki, Japanese Patent no JP04344462, 1992.2. "Method and device for coating", O. Koji , S. Yasuyuki , Japanese Patent no JP04344462, 1992 .
3. "Roll coater coating device" A. Takashi, Y. Keiji, S. Masaru, Japanese Patent no JP09164353, 1997.3. "Roll coater coating device" A. Takashi , Y. Keiji , S. Masaru , Japanese Patent No. JP09164353, 1997 .
4. "Method for continuously coating sheet", M. Takafumi, Japanese Patent no JP63242374, 1988.4. "Method for continuously coating sheet", M. Takafumi , Japanese Patent no JP63242374, 1988 .
5. "Method for coating photosensitive liquid to photosensitive printing plate", K. Shigeru, K. Hideyuki, G. Sei, S. Shinichi, S. Tomoyoshi, Japanese Patent no JP63231352, 1988.5. "Method for coating photosensitive liquid to photosensitive printing plate", K. Shigeru , K. Hideyuki , G. Sei , S. Shinichi , S. Tomoyoshi , Japanese Patent no JP63231352, 1988 .
6. "Roll coater coating device", K. Hiroyuki, K. Kefichi, S. Tatsuya, Japanese Patent no JP11300253, 1999.6. "Roll coater coating device", K. Hiroyuki , K. Kefichi , S. Tatsuya , Japanese Patent No. JP11300253, 1999 .
7. "Method and device for debbubling a liquid using ultrasonic waves", N. Yasuo, U. Nobuhiro, S. Takeshi, European patent no EP0885641, 1998.7. "Method and device for debbubling a liquid using ultrasonic waves", N. Yasuo , U. Nobuhiro , S. Takeshi , European patent no EP0885641, 1998 .
8. "Apparatus for liquefying bubbles using
ultrasonic wave", I. Toshiyuki, S. Goro, European
Patent no
EP0631801, 1995.8. "Apparatus for liquefying bubbles using ultrasonic wave", I. Toshiyuki , S. Goro , European Patent no
EP0631801, 1995 .
9. "Ultrasonic debubbling method and apparatus", T. Norio, F. Noboru, M. Sadayuki, US Patent nº US4612018, 1986.9. "Ultrasonic debubbling method and apparatus", T. Norio , F. Noboru , M. Sadayuki , US Patent No. US4612018, 1986 .
10. "Ultrasonic debubbling method and apparatus therefor", N. Tsuboi, N. Furukawa, N. Miyokawa, European Patent no EP01 18273131, 1987.10. "Ultrasonic debubbling method and apparatus therefor", N. Tsuboi , N. Furukawa , N. Miyokawa , European Patent no EP01 18273131, 1987 .
11. "Apparatus and method for debubbling a discrete sample of liquid", P. R. Kraus, S. K. Clyde, European Patent no EP0824948, 1998.11. "Apparatus and method for debubbling a discrete sample of liquid", PR Kraus , SK Clyde , European Patent no EP0824948, 1998 .
12. "Sonic apparatus for removing gas from photgraphic emulsion", Barbee Eugene Hartzell, Brown Robert Cushman, US Patent nº US4070167, 1978.12. "Sonic apparatus for removing gas from photgraphic emulsion", Barbee Eugene Hartzell, Brown Robert Cushman, US Patent No. US4070167, 1978 .
13. "Apparatus and method for debubbling a discrete sample of liquid", R. P. Kraus, S. K. Clyde, European Patent nº EP0824948A3, 1998.13. "Apparatus and method for debubbling a discrete sample of liquid", RP Kraus , SK Clyde , European Patent No. EP0824948A3, 1998 .
14. "Reduction of air bubble content in paint", KSK Industrielackierungen GMBH, German Patent no DE19733211, 1998.14. "Reduction of air bubble content in paint", KSK Industrielackierungen GMBH, German Patent No. DE19733211, 1998 .
15. "Debubbling apparatus", Bryan Michael, Pearson ldwal V, US Patent no US5853456, 1998.15. "Debubbling apparatus", Bryan Michael, Pearson ldwal V, US Patent no US5853456, 1998 .
16. "Ultrasonic liquid degassing", E. Jacquot, French Patent no FR2722707, 1996.16. "Ultrasonic liquid degassing", E. Jacquot , French Patent no FR2722707, 1996 .
17. "High power ultrasound", en Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, J. A. Gallego Ed. John G. Webster, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1999, (ISBN:0-471-13946-7) Vol. 9, pp. 49-59.17. "High power ultrasound", in Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering , JA Galician Ed. John G. Webster, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. , New York, 1999 , (ISBN: 0-471-13946-7) Vol. 9, pp. 49-59.
18. "High-power ultrasonics: Theory and Applications" L. Bjorno, Proc. 13^{th} International Congress on Acoustics 1989, pp-77-8918. "High-power ultrasonics: Theory and Applications" L. Bjorno , Proc. 13th International Congress on Acoustics 1989 , pp-77-89
19. "Degassing of liquids" en "Physical Principles of Ultrasonic Technology", O. A. Kadputina, Ed. L. D. Rozemberg, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 379-51019. "Degassing of liquids" in " Physical Principles of Ultrasonic Technology ", OA Kadputina , Ed. LD Rozemberg, Plenum Press , New York, pp. 379-510
Esta invención se refiere a un procedimiento ultrasónico y a un dispositivo para su implementación tecnológica destinado a eliminación de las burbujas ocluidas en las capas líquidas que constituyen los recubrimientos de superficies con pinturas y/o barnices.This invention relates to a process. Ultrasonic and a device for technological implementation intended to eliminate occluded bubbles in layers liquids that constitute surface coatings with paints and / or varnishes.
El procedimiento objeto de la presente invención consiste en la aplicación por vía aérea de una radiación ultrasónica de alta intensidad sobre la superficie de la capa líquida de un recubrimiento, inmediatamente después que ésta haya sido depositada sobre un sustrato y antes de que se produzca el secado del mismo.The process object of the present invention consists of the application by air of a radiation High intensity ultrasonic on the surface of the layer liquid of a coating, immediately after it has been deposited on a substrate and before the drying of it.
Para la implementación de este procedimiento es asimismo objeto de esta invención un dispositivo que comprende un generador macrosónico para radiación aérea con un radiador de placa escalonada que vibra a flexión, que se sitúa con su cara radiante paralela a la superficie del sustrato y a una distancia tal que el campo acústico estacionario establecido resulte homogéneamente distribuido sobre la mencionada superficie.For the implementation of this procedure is object of this invention also a device comprising a macrosonic generator for aerial radiation with a plate radiator stepped vibrating flexion, which is situated with its radiant face parallel to the surface of the substrate and at a distance such that the established stationary acoustic field results homogeneously distributed over the mentioned surface.
La frecuencia e intensidad de la radiación ultrasónica aplicada será función de la concentración, tamaño de las burbujas a eliminar y del tipo de sustrato.The frequency and intensity of the radiation Ultrasonic applied will be a function of concentration, size of the bubbles to be removed and the type of substrate.
Se ha previsto que el generador macrosónico permanezca estático, moviéndose el sustrato o bien que el generador macrosónico se mueva sobre la superficie del sustrato que permanece fijo.It is planned that the macrosonic generator remain static, moving the substrate or the generator macrosonic move over the surface of the substrate that remains permanent.
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Por otro lado en el radiador de placa escalonada que vibra a flexión, sus escalones están situados alternativamente en las zonas que se mueven en contrafase, para compensar las diferencias de fase.On the other hand on the stepped plate radiator which vibrates at flexion, its steps are located alternately in the zones that move in contraphase, to compensate the phase differences
El radiador de placa escalonada del generador macrosónico tiene un área extensa respecto a la longitud de onda tal que el campo acústico radiado puede cubrir superficies como mínimo superiores al centenar de centímetros cuadrados.The stepped plate radiator of the generator macrosonic has a large area with respect to wavelength such that the radiated acoustic field can cover surfaces such as minimum over one hundred square centimeters.
Figura 1.- Muestra una vista esquemática de la generación de burbujas en el recubrimiento y del procedimiento ultrasónico de eliminación.Figure 1.- Shows a schematic view of the bubble generation in the coating and process ultrasonic removal.
Figura 2.- Muestra una vista esquemática del dispositivo ultrasónico para la eliminación de burbujas en recubrimientos.Figure 2.- Shows a schematic view of the ultrasonic device for bubble removal in coatings
Figuras 3 y 4.- Muestra sendas vistas en perspectiva de sendos transductores de placa escalonada empleados en el dispositivo ultrasónico.Figures 3 and 4.- Shows paths seen in perspective of two staggered plate transducers employees in the ultrasonic device.
Figura 5.- Muestra unas curvas que representan la eficiencia en la eliminación de burbujas según tamaño de las mismas en recubrimientos con pintura acrílica de base acuosa sin desespumante (WAA2) sobre sustratos de roble, melamina y sapelly.Figure 5.- Shows some curves that represent the efficiency in the elimination of bubbles according to the size of the same in coatings with water-based acrylic paint without defoamer (WAA2) on oak, melamine and sapelly
En la Fig. 1. se presenta esquemáticamente el proceso de eliminación de las microburbujas (3) que, tras su aplicación sobre el sustrato (1) aparecen semi-sumergidas en la capa líquida (2) donde son destruidas al pasar bajo la acción de la radiación ultrasónica (4) emitida por un generador de emisión coherente (5). El mecanismo de rotura de las burbujas semi-sumergidas es básicamente achacable a la presión de radiación producida por la emisión ultrasónica. Sin embargo, además de la intensidad acústica, otros factores, tales como la frecuencia de la radiación y el tiempo de tratamiento, son importantes para la eficacia del proceso.In Fig. 1. the schematic is presented microbubble elimination process (3) which, after its application on the substrate (1) appear semi-submerged in the liquid layer (2) where they are destroyed by passing under the action of ultrasonic radiation (4) emitted by a coherent emission generator (5). The mechanism of breakage of semi-submerged bubbles is basically attributable to the radiation pressure produced by the ultrasonic emission However, in addition to the acoustic intensity, other factors, such as radiation frequency and time of treatment, are important for the effectiveness of the process.
El dispositivo experimental diseñado y desarrollado se muestra en la Figura 2. Básicamente consiste en un transductor ultrasónico de potencia (12) con un radiador de placa escalonada (6), representado en las figuras 3 o 4, pilotado por un generador electrónico (7), que incorpora un controlador de la frecuencia de resonancia del transductor (12). El transductor ultrasónico (12) se sitúa con su cara radiante paralela a la superficie del sustrato (1) que va a ser recubierto. El campo acústico coherente generado por el transductor (12) actúa homogéneamente sobre dicha superficie que se fija a la distancia adecuada de acuerdo con la medida previa de la distribución de la energía acústica. Mediante un sistema óptico (8) se visualiza el efecto de rotura de burbujas que se almacena y cuantifica en un PC (9).The experimental device designed and developed is shown in Figure 2. It basically consists of a ultrasonic power transducer (12) with a plate radiator stepped (6), represented in figures 3 or 4, piloted by a electronic generator (7), which incorporates a controller of the resonance frequency of the transducer (12). The transducer Ultrasonic (12) is placed with its radiant face parallel to the substrate surface (1) to be coated. Field coherent acoustic generated by the transducer (12) acts homogeneously on said surface that is fixed at a distance appropriate according to the previous measure of the distribution of the acoustic energy Using an optical system (8) the bubble break effect that is stored and quantified on a PC (9).
En las figuras 3 y 4 se observa el transductor (12), específicamente diseñado para radiación en aire, que comprende un radiador (6) en forma de placa escalonada de área extensa de forma circular (figura 4) o rectangular (figura 3) que vibra en uno de sus modos flexionales, excitada en su centro geométrico por un vibrador piezoeléctrico (10), disponiendo entre el vibrador piezoeléctrico (10) y el radiador (6) de un amplificador mecánico (11). El perfil escalonado de la placa (los escalones tienen un espesor de media longitud de onda de la radiación y están situados alternativamente en las zonas que vibran en contrafase) produce una compensación de fase que da lugar a la generación de un campo acústico coherente necesario para el tratamiento homogéneo de la superficie.In figures 3 and 4 the transducer is observed (12), specifically designed for air radiation, which comprises a radiator (6) in the form of a stepped area plate extensive circular (figure 4) or rectangular (figure 3) that it vibrates in one of its flexural modes, excited in its center geometric by a piezoelectric vibrator (10), arranging between the piezoelectric vibrator (10) and the radiator (6) of an amplifier mechanical (11). The stepped profile of the plate (the steps they have a half-wavelength thickness of the radiation and are alternately located in zones that vibrate in counter phase) produces a phase compensation that results in the generation of a coherent acoustic field necessary for the homogeneous treatment of the surface.
La experimentación de este dispositivo se ha llevado a cabo con diferentes tipos de sustratos (melanina, roble y sapely) y con pinturas de base solvente y acuosa. La aplicación de las pinturas se ha efectuado manualmente o con sistema de cortina. El sustrato (1) una vez recubierto se hace pasar bajo el campo acústico radiado por el transductor ultrasónico (12) o bien el transductor se mueve sobre la superficie del sustrato. La velocidad de este movimiento está relacionada con el tiempo de tratamiento y puede ser del orden de algún m/s. Se han obtenido eficiencias de rotura de burbujas de hasta el 100%, dependiendo del tamaño de la burbuja y de la frecuencia aplicada, tal y como se aprecia en el gráfico de la figura 5.The experimentation of this device has been carried out with different types of substrates (melanin, oak and sapely) and with solvent and aqueous base paints. The application of The paintings have been done manually or with a curtain system. The substrate (1) once coated is passed under the field acoustic radiated by the ultrasonic transducer (12) or the transducer moves over the surface of the substrate. Speed of this movement is related to the treatment time and It may be of the order of some m / s. Efficiencies of bubble break up to 100%, depending on the size of the bubble and frequency applied, as seen in the Figure 5 chart.
Claims (6)
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| ES200600619A ES2330595B1 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2006-03-10 | ULTRASONIC PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE ELIMINATION OF BUBBLES OCCUPIED IN COATINGS WITH PAINTS AND / OR VARNISHES APPLIED AT HIGH SPEED. |
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| ES200600619A ES2330595B1 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2006-03-10 | ULTRASONIC PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE ELIMINATION OF BUBBLES OCCUPIED IN COATINGS WITH PAINTS AND / OR VARNISHES APPLIED AT HIGH SPEED. |
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| AU525294B2 (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1982-10-28 | Mitsubishi Rayon Company Limited | Dip coating |
| US6210470B1 (en) * | 1994-07-28 | 2001-04-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Ultrasonic gas separator |
| ES2187382B1 (en) * | 2001-11-23 | 2004-08-16 | Consejo Sup. Investigaciones Cientificas | MACROSONIC ISSUER OF VIBRATING PLATE, WITH REFLECTORS AND SEPARATORS OF INTERNAL AREAS TO OBTAIN DIRECT RADIATION IN FLUIDS. |
| ES2212896B1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2005-10-01 | Consejo Sup. Invest. Cientificas | PROCEDURE AND ULTRASONIC SYSTEM OF DEFROSTING THROUGH EMISSORESCON VIBRANT SCALE PLATE. |
| JP2005161164A (en) * | 2003-12-01 | 2005-06-23 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Method for deaerating coating fluid and apparatus therefor |
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