ES2329856B1 - PROCEDURE FOR APPLYING A COATING FILM TO A CARTON-PLASTER OR SIMILAR PLATE AND SUCH PLATE. - Google Patents

Abstract

Procedure to apply a film of coating to a plasterboard or similar and said plate.

It comprises a composite product, formed by the union of one or more multilayer sheet / s arranged superimposed between yes, attached to a thick plasterboard between 6 and 70 mm. by a stamping procedure in hot, and said manufacturing process. Said product compound is intended for the construction of partitions, floors, walls, shelves or similar with a surface finish decorative imitating wood, a plain color, fantasies or marbled, and presents a value for money very good, great adaptability to install in any type of environment or enclosure, high durability and great respect for environment.

Description

Procedure to apply a film of coating to a plasterboard or similar plate and said plate.

The present invention patent application consists as indicated in a "Procedure for apply a coating film to a plate plasterboard or similar and said plate ", whose new construction, conformation and design features, they fulfill the mission for which it has been specifically designed with maximum safety and efficiency.

More specifically, the invention relates to a method for applying a film of the transfer type that incorporates a decorative layer on the surface of a plasterboard or similar material surface, and said resulting decorated plate, said film being able to be mounted both on interior and exterior surfaces.

Currently it is a common practice to use a surface decorative finish for the coating of partitions, floors, ceilings, or the like, which simulates the appearance of the wood or other ornamental materials such as marble or granite. The elements traditionally used to confer a wood appearance or similar to a wall or partition made of bricks or plasterboard are the boards, boards, panels or panels made of wood or wood products (particles, fibers or plywood) that are fixed to the aforementioned partition or wall using various systems: adhesive, flashing, moldings, screws, tongue and groove, tongue with female, profiles, etc.; and partially or totally cover the front surface of the cited wall or partition. But these materials are very harmful to him. environment to be made from wood.

Another existing alternative used to give a  wood look or similar to a wall or partition wall are the papers decorations glued with glue, or vinyl siding with different colors and / or textures. But these materials are not totally efficient as decoration elements due to its excessive ease of detachment from the wall or partition due to the action of external agents and the inefficiency of the means of accession.

On the other hand, the use of decorated laminar materials with an adherent layer Heat activated that adhere to the plate to decorate. Without however this application is known exclusively for the coating of plates or pieces of very specific materials such as plastic, methacrylate or MDF, and where the abrasion requirements are high and also where resistance to different is desired chemical and moisture products, such as floors, tables, walls, etc. Thus by subjecting the sheet material to pressure and temperature against the panel, said sheet material is firmly attached to the panel forming a composite plate.

There are different multilayer sheet materials formed by at least one temperature-activated adhesive layer, a decorative finish layer and a substrate or carrier layer that provides stiffness to the film. These sheets are served in coils. It has been shown that polyester is a suitable material as a substrate for said sheets, although there are other similar materials such as other thermoplastic resins such as
polystyrene.

For example, German Patent No. DE-A19722339 describes a stratified composite material that contains a layer of support based on polypropylene, a decorative layer arranged on top of it, and a heat-hardened layer applied on the decorative layer

PCT No. 2006021321 discloses a sheet comprising a carrier layer, a layer to release and a transfer layer, and the manufacturing process of an article decorated plastic with a transfer film layer transfer and having a structure in three dimensions .

However, the adhesion of this type of multilayer sheet materials is not known on a plate plasterboard, better known in jargon as "plasterboard", for the difference between both products, and the Existing difficulties of rapid generation of a thick layer of powder on the plasterboard. This implies that the adhesion of the multilayer sheet material on the plate plasterboard should be an extremely process fast and very clean so as not to avoid creating bubbles that cause the film not to adhere properly. Other Existing difficulty is the special cleaning burrs to leave the plasterboard in perfect condition, without breaking or dismember the plaster.

Plasterboard is a material quite light designed with a shape that allows easy handling and provides a high weight in the minimum thickness. Thanks to your construction based on a gypsum soul and cellulose that make up their surfaces, the plasterboard presents high resistance to optimum flexibility, and also Ride quite quickly. It is for all this that in the latter years has become an alternative with many advantages over to traditional building materials such as brick or timber.

In the current gypsum market, in order to superficially decorate the mentioned plaster with a particular finish, lacquered with gun roller, fabrics, are typically used Vinyls, or papers.

One of the functionalities of this invention is to get a product intended for the construction of partitions, floors, walls, shelves or similar with a finish superficial imitating wood, a plain color, fantasies, marbled, etc. with a value for money very good.

Another of the functionalities of this invention is to get a product intended for the construction of partitions, floors, walls, shelves or similar with a finish superficial imitating wood, a plain color, fantasies, marbled, etc. with good properties adapted to any type of environment or enclosure, whether installed in exteriors and interiors, and also comply with the regulations in force against fire, wet areas, etc.

Another of the functionalities of this invention is to achieve a product of high durability, that is to say  that the decorative sheet does not peel off the plate with ease.

And another of the features of this invention is to get a greener product compared to others alternative products such as glued paper, vinyl, etc.

To achieve these functions, a composite product, formed by the union of one or more sheet / s multilayer arranged superimposed on each other, attached to a plate plasterboard by any mechanical procedure, preferably by hot stamping on a type machine ennobling

The ennobling machines are stamping hot and conventionally used for applications decorative films or smooth surfaces on materials of wood, or other composite materials such as MDF, or PVC rigid. Some examples where decorative sheets are used joined by stamping to MDF or rigid PVC materials are in MDF profiles, various furniture or shutters provided in kitchens. Ennobling machines mainly comprise a stamping station featuring a stamping roller heated and at least one pressure roller, and between both rollers are disposed a strip of the film to be stamped on the license plate.

The plasterboard used as a support material for the transfer sheet has thicknesses typically between 6 and 70 mm, depending on the type of plasterboard used. In the market there are different varieties of plasterboard: with a vinyl surface covering of different color and texture, with different perforations, with a rock wool panel, with a polystyrene sheet, etc. The plasterboard plates have a prismatic configuration with a substantially rectangular base and standard sizes between 600-1,200 mm. wide and 600-3,000 mm. of length.

Plasterboard used for the present invention may incorporate additionally in addition to the plate itself plasterboard, as mentioned in the previous paragraph:

-

perforations for applications acoustic ceilings, and / or

-

other layers superimposed on the plasterboard, such as a layer of rock wool for applications with requirements of isolation, and / or

-

water or steam treatments of water, and / or

-

impact resistance treatments or to the fire

The multilayer sheet / s used to decorate the recommended plasterboard comprises / n as minimum:

-

a polyester or similar support sheet adapted to support the other layers, attached to a releasable layer adapted to release the support sheet of the rest of the layers,

-

a layer with a decorative finish, located on the mentioned layer releasable from said support sheet,

-

a self-adhesive layer, located on the opposite side of the joined face with the support sheet of said decorative layer, adapted said self-adhesive layer to adhere to the plate plasterboard by the action of heat and pressure on the opposite side to the face attached to the decorative layer, Y

-

optionally other intermediate layers of  protection, located on one and / or other side of the decorative layer; Y

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The preferred product manufacturing process  compound object of the present invention comprises various phases consecutive:

to-

Clean with a sponge roller, a vacuum cleaner, or brush the plasterboard dust, dirt or other pollutants.

b-

Choose a suitable primer for apply on the plasterboard, which varies in depending on the type of film to be applied. This process of Primer is an automatic application.

C-

Pin up The working parameters of the printing machine (pressure, temperature and time).

Pressure selected p_ {i} is between 0.2 to 1 mm., the selected temperature T_ {i} is between 150 to 230 ° C.

The production of The machine is about 3 meters. of plaque per minute.

Optionally You can incorporate a speed controller connected to the machine, adapted to accelerate or decelerate machine operation in depending on the type of film that is applied.

d-

Plate introduction plasterboard on the rollers of the machine and the decorative film

and-

Heat to the selected temperature T_ {i} and press at the selected pressure p_ {i} the plate for a time t_ {i}.

F-

Remove burrs manually or automatically using a brush type scraper element or scourer, or a vacuum element, once the plate is evacuated with the decorative printed film of the machine.

g-

Optionally, in the case that the plasterboard be perforated, the film Decorative is removed from the perforations using a brush soft spikes, and then with a high industrial vacuum power removes all pieces of decorative film that do not They are glued to the plasterboard.

In order to verify whether the parameters of Work chosen from the machine give an optimal result, it is applied a piece of PVC seal, which is glued by pressure to the stamped film If when removing said piece of seal it is not detaches any particles, means that the chosen parameters of the process are correct. Otherwise, they must be adjusted again the temperature and / or pressure parameters.

Some concrete examples of the parameters of Stamping machine work of the process object of the present  invention are:

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Example one

Stamping a clear coloring film on a plate plasterboard

- selected pressure pi: 0.6 mm.

- selected temperature Ti: 185 ° C.

- production: 3 meters. of plate per minute

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Example 2

Stamping a dark colored film on a plate plasterboard

- selected pressure pi: 0.8 mm.

- selected temperature Ti: 192 ° C.

- production: 3 meters. of plate per minute

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One of the advantages obtained from having a surface finish imitating wood, a plain color, fantasies, marbled, etc. on the plasterboard plates are the low serial manufacturing costs of this product, put that the plasterboard plates have some standard dimensions, and its finishes can be incorporated by custom in the same factory where the plates are built plasterboard This means that there is a reduction considerable material costs and product assembly object of the invention against the use of panels of wood.

In addition, the recommended product has a wider range of use than similar finishes applied to MDF, or PVC, which must undergo treatments specials that make the product more expensive in order to meet the current regulations on fire protection, humidity, among other specifications.

In addition, thanks to the very nature of the components of the product object of the invention and thanks to the advantageous manufacturing process used, it is achieved a product with high durability, with which the risk associated with the possible release of the plate sheet is very inferior to other alternative products such as certain types of paper stuck with glue or vinyl. These papers or vinyls suffer  rapid wear, especially when subjected to the action of heat steadily.

Finally, thanks to the intrinsic composition of the constituent materials of the composite product and its manufacturing process used, this constitutes one more product ecological compared to other alternative products such as paper glued with glue, vinyl, etc.

Other details and features will go away showing in the course of the description that given below, in which reference is made to the drawings that this memory is accompanied in which the different parts of the recommended product, by way of illustration but not limiting the invention.

In these drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectional view of the plasterboard decorated with a sheet multilayer

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the perforated plasterboard decorated with two multilayer overlays.

Following is a numbered list of the main parts of the plasterboard decorated for construction purposes, which are indicated by numbers in the attached figures: (10) composite plate, (11) multilayer sheet,
(12-12 ') backing sheet, (13-13') releasable layer, (14-14 ') protective layers, (15-15') decorative layers, (16-16 ') self-adhesive layers, (17) plate plasterboard, (18) primer layer, and (19) perforations.

As can be seen in figure 1, the Decorated plate (10) object of the invention is formed by the joining a multilayer sheet (11) on a plate plasterboard (17) configuration noticeably prismatic, fixing the plate (10) with the sheet (11) by means of a self-adhesive layer (16) incorporated in the sheet (11), which is active by stamping on an ennobling machine.

The final product shown in figure 1 understands:

-

a plasterboard (17) with a thickness between 6 and 70 mm.,

-

a primer layer (18) on one of its sides,

-

a self-adhesive layer (16) disposed on said layer of primer (18) and connected to said plate plasterboard (17) by any mechanical way preferably in a heat stamping machine,

-

a decorative layer (15) arranged on said self-adhesive (16),

-

optionally one or more layer / s protective cover (s) arranged on said decorative layer (fifteen),

-

a releasable layer (13) disposed on said protective layer (14),

-

a backing sheet (12), preferably of polyester or other material similar, arranged on said releasable layer (13), with a thickness between 5 and 25 microns.

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As can be seen in Figure 2, the decorated plate (10) is formed by the union of two sheets multilayer (11-11 '), arranged one above the other, connected to a plasterboard (17), of noticeably prismatic configuration, by any procedure mechanical, preferably by stamping on a type machine ennobling

Suitably described the present invention in correspondence with the attached figures, it is easy to understand that any modifications of detail that they deem convenient, as long as with the modifications that are introduced do not alter the essence of the invention that is summarized in the following claims.

Claims (4)

1. Plasterboard with a film covering those intended for the construction of partitions, floors, walls, shelves or similar with a decorative surface finish imitating wood, a plain color, fantasies or marbled, characterized in that understands:

-

 one or more multilayer sheet / s arranged superimposed on each other, comprising at least each sheet:

-

a polyester or similar support sheet adapted to support the other layers, attached to a releasable layer adapted to release the support sheet of the rest of the layers,

-

a layer with a decorative finish, located on the mentioned layer releasable from said support sheet,

-

a self-adhesive layer, located on the opposite side of the joined face with the support sheet of said decorative layer, adapted said self-adhesive layer to adhere to the plate plasterboard by the action of heat and pressure on the opposite side to the face attached to the decorative layer, Y

-

optionally other intermediate layers of  protection, located on one and / or other side of the decorative layer; Y

-

a plasterboard with a thickness between 6 and 70 mm .;

quad

joined said multilayer sheet / s on the plate  hot-stamping plasterboard.

2. Plasterboard with a coating film, characterized in that the plasterboard can additionally incorporate in addition to the plasterboard itself:

-

nail perforations for acoustic ceiling applications, and / or

-

other layers superimposed on the plasterboard, such as a layer of rock wool for applications with requirements of isolation, and / or

-

water or steam treatments of water, and / or

-

impact resistance treatments or to the fire

3. Method for applying a coating film to a plasterboard according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the hot stamping manufacturing process of the product comprises several consecutive phases:

to-

Clean with a sponge roller, a vacuum cleaner, or brush the plasterboard dust, dirt or other pollutants.

b-

Choose a primer to apply automatically on the plasterboard.

C-

Choose the working parameters of the stamping machine, the pressure p_ {i} between 0.2 to 1 mm., The temperature T i between 150 to 230 ° C., And the Selected work is about 3 meters per minute.

d-

Insert the plate plasterboard on the rollers of the machine and the decorative film

and-

Heat to the selected temperature T_ {i} and press at the selected pressure p_ {i} the plate for a time t_ {i}.

F-

Evacuate the plate and remove burrs manually or automatically using a type scraper element brush or scourer, or a vacuum element.

g-

Optionally, in the case that the Plasterboard be punched out, remove the decorative film of perforations using a brush soft spikes, and then with a high industrial vacuum power.

4. Procedure for applying a coating film to a plasterboard according to the third claim, characterized in that optionally a speed regulator connected to the machine can be incorporated, adapted to accelerate or decelerate the operation of the machine depending on the Type of film used.