ES2313852A1 - Panel solar thermal (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

The thermal solar panel comprises an outer cover (2) constituted by a double glazing (5 and 6) between whose crystals a watertight chamber (7) is established through which runs a circuit (8) for a heat-carrier liquid, which is heated, in addition to the heating established in the external circuit (14) or standard circuit of a solar panel. The chamber (7) is of variable thickness, so that the lower glass (6) is treated on one of its faces by oxides, metal, and whose face corresponds to the face of the hydraulic circuit (8), in order that it has a very low light transmissibility and therefore a high reflecting power, producing an induced reflection effect of the solar rays with the consequent increase in the performance of the panel due to an increase in the radiation it perceives. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Solar thermal panel.

Object of the invention

The present invention relates to a panel solar thermal, whose obvious purpose is to take advantage of the energy provided by the sun's rays to get the heating of a heat-carrying liquid, preferably water, which will come from a storage tank or direct power supply, so that it performs the effect heat exchanger to get the aforementioned liquid Hot-bearer warms up twice.

The object of the invention is to improve the performance of solar collectors and turn them into panels thermal solar.

Background of the invention

A solar collector or solar thermal panel is a device used to harness radiation energy solar, transforming it into thermal energy for domestic use or commercial, being able to distinguish three large groups of collectors:

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Flat collectors protected.

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Flat collectors no protected.

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Pipes of emptiness.

Regardless of the characteristics of the flat collectors not protected and vacuum tubes, which in the This case is not described due to its low use, in relation to with protected flat collectors, as more devices used, it should be said that these are usually constituted by a rectangular box whose dimensions are variable, presenting a face exposed to the sun with a glass cover, being the rest of opaque and thermally insulated faces. Inside the box and exposed to the sun behind the glass is a metal plate attached or welded to a series of conductors through which the heat carrier liquid, either water, glycol, or a mixture of both, further applying to said plate a treatment selective so that it increases its heat absorption or simply He paints black.

Flat solar collectors work taking advantage of the greenhouse effect, so that the radiation solar falls on the glass, which being conveniently oriented, acts as a filter for certain wavelengths of radiation, essentially allowing visible light to pass through and by heating the black plate which, in turn, becomes a transmitter of long wave (infrared) radiation due to its low temperature.

The glass is opaque to this radiation, so the enclosure of the box is heated above the temperature outside, despite transmission losses suffered by the glass, which is a bad thermal insulator, well known for everybody.

In this way, the liquid calo-carrier that circulates through the ducts heats in turn, transporting thermal energy to where it is wish.

Well, the performance of the collectors improves the lower the temperature in the liquid heat carrier, since at a higher temperature in the inside the box with respect to the outside, the greater the transmission losses in the glass. Also, at a higher temperature of the smaller collector plate will be the wavelength of its radiation and glass will have more transparency to it.

Also noteworthy is the fact that the heat-carrying liquid is heated only by the corresponding hydraulic circuit that is installed inside the box.

Description of the invention

The solar thermal panel that is recommended, presents a series of peculiarities that allow obtaining a substantial improvement in its performance, for which it has been provided that the outer cover, which facilitates the maximum light transmission, is determined by double glazing which establishes an intermediate space between crystals or chamber waterproof of variable thickness, through which it is circulated with flow variable in open or closed circuit, and according to circumstances predefined, the heat-carrying liquid, normally water, which will come from a storage tank or source of direct feed, so that it performs the exchange effect of heat to get the heat-carrying liquid referred to be heated inside the box doubly, by a part by passing said heat-carrying liquid between the double glazing layers of the outer shell, and on the other hand by passing the liquid heat carrier for the tight circuit with which Conventional solar collectors usually count.

The glass corresponding to the inner part of that double glazed outer cover, it will be treated on one of its faces with specific compounds, usually oxides metallic, and whose treatment face is the one facing the corresponding hydraulic circuit that is located in the bottom of the box, all in order to have a very low light transmissibility, that is to say that it has a high power reflective, which produces an induced reflection effect of the solar rays, with the consequent increase in the performance of panel for the increase in radiation it perceives.

As for the waterproof chamber of variable thickness determined by double glazing, it will be closed tightly by any separator component between glass layers, in order to achieve tightness, entering the number of connectors in that separator component enough to install the necessary components so that operate the installation properly, such as probe temperature and pressure, drain, bleed and drain valves, quick interconnect fittings, both for coupling with others panels as with other solar collectors, either in series or in parallel, as well as liquid inlet and outlet valves heat carrier with non-return system and even with  flow regulating spring at the entrance or exit thereof, In addition to including safety valves to prevent breakage due to over-pressure and how many other elements are necessary to guarantee its operation.

Based on the referred characteristics, it is Obviously the double glazed outer cover it constitutes a heat exchanger that allows to improve and noticeably increase the active surface that receives the solar radiation, as well as reduce your energy losses by glass transmissibility, at the same time it looks equally improved performance due to the induced reflection effect that created by the type of glass used in double glazing.

All these effects mentioned suppose a important benefit that more than compensates for the increase in construction and installation cost of the solar thermal panel of the invention.

In addition, based on those commented features, the solar thermal panel presents the following advantages:

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Improvement of performance, by providing the panel with an outer cover conformed by a double glazing that reduces losses by transmissibility, causing a liquid to circulate inside heat carrier in order to increase its temperature, whatever your final destination, getting with it significantly expand the radiation sensitive surface solar and with it, and double, the effectiveness of the panel.

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Use of a double crystal low light transmittance glazing, that is high reflective power, giving face to the hydraulic circuit installed in the inside of the housing to achieve the reflection effect induced, thereby increasing the final solar radiation that receive the panel and therefore increasing its effectiveness.

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Use of solar panel as solar collector, either in photovoltaic installations and / or in solar thermal installations.

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Liquid utilization calo-bearer circulating through the double chamber cover glazing, to preserve the integrity of the installation in case of inclement weather and / or avoid certain condensation shadows that form on the roof outside of the panel itself.

Description of the drawings

To complement the description that then it will be done and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, is accompanied as an integral part of that description, a set of drawings in where illustrative and not limiting, it has been represented the next:

Figure 1.- Shows a representation according to an overview of what the outer double deck is glazing as a fundamental element of the solar panel of the invention, showing a broken area of said cover to leave See the structural characteristics of it.

Figure 2.- Shows a perspective view precisely from the outer cover of the solar panel of the invention.

Figure 3.- Shows a practical application of what is the solar thermal panel of the invention with the novelties which incorporates the same.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

As you can see in the referred figures, and in relation specifically with figure 3, a couple can be observed of solar thermal panels (1) with the outer cover (2) formed by a double glazing, on which the solar rays (3), and all mounted on the slope of a roof (4).

Well, the fundamental characteristic of solar panel or solar panels (1), is that the cover exterior (2) consists of double glazing (5 and 6) between which a separation is established to determine a waterproof chamber (7) of variable thickness, through which it is made circular with variable flow, in open or closed circuit, a heat-carrying liquid, in addition and jointly or not, according to specific design needs, which normally circulates by the circuit installed in the housing and that does it through a copper or similar pipe or circuit (8).

The outer glass (5) of the outer cover (2) double glazing, it will be normally tempered, while that the inner glass (6) may or may not be tempered, settling in the sealed chamber (7) determined between the double glazing (5 and 6), the corresponding input (9) and output (10) for the heat-carrying liquid, which is made pass through a heat exchanger (11) with an outlet (12) for feeding, for example to a tap (13), so that the hydraulic circuit (14) of liquid circulation calo-bearer, is driven towards the entrance (9) by  means of a motor pump (15), according to the indicated direction of travel by the arrows in figure 3, so that in that circulation in closed circuit, water heating occurs in the heat exchanger (11) so that this water can be taken advantage of for any use.

The inner glass (6) of the outer cover (2), is treated on one of its faces with specific compounds, preferably metal oxides, said area being treated facing the hydraulic circuit (8), in order to achieve a high reflective power that will produce a reflection effect induced, with the consequent increase in panel performance by increase of the radiation that perceives.

Finally, on the double deck (2) glazing, a lower aluminum plate will be included (16) or / and of any other component in order to give it rigidity and seal the panel, as shown in the figures.

Finally say that the solar thermal panel described will be complemented with systems such as a system of collection, an accumulation system to accumulate liquid heat carrier, a hydraulic system based on pipes, fittings, etc., an exchange system, a system of operation control and an auxiliary power system for increase the final temperature of the liquid bearer-bearer

Claims (4)

1. Thermal solar panel, comprising an outer cover (2), under which a hydraulic circuit (8) is arranged, with the collaboration of an aluminum bottom plate (16) or other material of suitable rigidity, and a frame of any type of resistant material is characterized in that the outer cover (2) is constituted by a double glazing (5 and 6), a sealed chamber (7) of varying thickness being determined between the two crystals, through which a heat-carrier liquid, preferably water, to raise its temperature, both by the circuit considered as standard (14), and the circuit (8) established in the double glazing chamber (7). 2. Thermal solar panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper glass (5) of the double-glazed outer cover (2) is tempered, while the lower glass (6) may or may not be tempered, it being provided that said internal crystal (6) present in its face of confrontation with the hydraulic circuit (8) a treatment with specific compounds, preferably based on metal oxides, which provide that face with a high reflective power that promotes the effect of induced reflection, in order to increase the performance of the panel itself, due to the greater final solar radiation that is perceived. 3. Thermal solar panel according to previous claims, characterized in that the outer cover (2) constitutes a heat exchanger that allows the liquid to be circulated through the chamber itself (7) established between the double glazing (5 and 6 ), it suffers an increase in temperature proportional to the solar rays received by the panel and the residence time of said liquid in the chamber (7). 4. Thermal solar panel, according to previous claims, characterized in that optionally include accessories and devices such as collection system, hydraulic system, accumulation system, exchange system, control system and auxiliary power system, to complement with photovoltaic solar panels .