ES2313671T3 - HOLLIN PARTICLE FILTER WITH HEATING ELEMENTS COVERED BY A CATALYTIC COATING. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a soot particle filter for diesel engines and oil heaters, comprising at least one filter housing (3) at least one filter element (13)(14) and at lest one heating element (8) extending through openings (6, 7) in the filter housing (3) the heating elements being made from tensile and pressure resistant heating spirals (24) enclosed by ceramic ties.

Description

Soot particle filter with elements heaters coated with a catalytic coating.

The invention relates to a filter for soot particles with soot burning so controlled variable and catalytic effect for diesel engines and heating diesel according to the preamble of claim 1.

Various filters for particles and oxidation catalysts For example, soot particles they are separated by metallic and / or ceramic filter bodies that collect the soot particles found in the exhaust streams and then burn them with help of electric heating. Media are also used Chemicals to ignite and burn soot particles.

WO 02/102493 A2 filters are known for particles of the type mentioned above. It is also known the method to burn soot particles by spirals heaters All these burn systems have the disadvantage that the heat effect acts on soot particles to cause them to burn. These systems need a lot energy because an important part of hot air Necessarily necessary to burn soot particles, due to the exhaust gas flow, it goes out without reaction, at ambient. Thus, the cost necessarily increases without cost energetic.

A filter is also known from GB 2 134 407 A generic for soot particles.

The problem of particle filters known soot is mainly that the combination between the filter unit and the burning technique there is no left Guaranteed in terms of duration over time. He filter medium becomes porous and / or unstable at temperatures of burned too high. In the alternative of burning the soot particles with the help of chemical means, which increase the exhaust gas temperature, there is a danger that others Pollutants escape into the environment. These particle filters soot are also designed in the technique of burning, of so that when a fault occurs in the unit heating, repair involves a lot of work and a high cost.

The object of the invention is to provide a filter for particles of the type mentioned above, for the purification of exhaust gases from combustion engines internal, in particular for use in motor vehicles, eliminating said filter the disadvantages of smoke filters known and that not only allows an effective level of absorption soot uniform enough and covering the entire period of service or use, but also operates without maintenance. It is also the object of the invention to design a filter for soot particles of this kind technically simple and of modular form

This objective is achieved with the characteristics of the identifying part of claim 1. In the Other claims claim other advantageous details.

In this new soot particle filter, advantageously, not only is a continuous purification of the particles, but you can also replace the element (s) of heating without having to open the housing, being designed the heating elements so that they are partially used As a particle filter. In addition, they constitute an advantage constructive preconditions of disposition and flexibility of the whole set and design of the particulate filters of soot. Another advantage of innovation is also that the Affected particles of the filter element burn directly from the inside out. The consequence is that, in front of to contactless heating sources, a part is saved essential energy.

According to the invention, it is also advantageous serially connect the catalytic part in connection with the filter for soot particles and install it in a housing that has the advantage of using the heating volume several times and energy. Another recommended feature is that the housing is provided with a thermal envelope from the inside outwards or is wrapped in a thermal jacket from the Exterior. In turn, this has the advantage of saving energy, since the heat of the exhaust gases is stored for a longer period of time and the housing cannot cool due to wind relative. In addition, the risk of fire is reduced due to heating of the housing against the environment.

In particular, the object of the invention is materializes in which the heating units and their arrangement are configured so that they can be used as filters particles Thus, for example, when a filter medium consists of a tangle of metal, a heating body is screwed corkscrew type stabilization from the outside in the middle filter and / or a stabilizer heating body is fitted provided with a quick closing.

For the explanations described above and detailed below, however, it becomes clear that the preferred embodiment of the invention has only one purpose explanatory and does not represent any limitation, since the subject matter specialist can see multiple modifications possible without leaving the scope of the invention.

Examples of embodiment of the invention and this is described in more detail at continuation.

In the figures:

Figure 1: soot particle filter according to An embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2: heating element 8 in shape corkscrew 16, threaded opening in housing 19 and pole of electrical connection 15.

Figure 3: heating element with bars immersion heaters 17, threaded opening in the housing 19 and electrical connection pole 15.

Figure 4: heating element 8 with discs filter 18, threaded opening in housing 19 and connection pole electric 15.

Figure 5: heating element 8 with discs Filters 21 introduced in a monolith 22.

Figure 6: heating element 8 equipped with filter wires 20 introduced in a monolith 22.

Figure 7: filter housing 3 according to another type of embodiment of the present invention, with monolith 22, part terminal 8 of the filter element and bushing equipment 23 and spiral heating wires, and

Figure 8: bushings 23 and heating wire spiral.

Figure 1 shows a view of a housing of filter 3 in which there is an input 4 and an output 5, threaded openings to screw the heating elements into the front side 6 and threaded openings in the longitudinal side 7, heating elements screwed with a connection pole electric 8, an antechamber to the filter unit 9, a camera intermediate 10, an end chamber 11, a thermal insulation 12, a section of the catalytic part 13, a section of a unit filter 14 and an electrical connection pole 15.

In Figure 1 an entry 4 can be seen in the housing of the filter 3 by which the current of Exhaust gases from a diesel engine in the filter housing. This Exhaust gas stream is introduced through the antechamber 9 in monolith 13 which also serves as a catalyst. After the exhaust gas stream leaves the part catalytic, it enters again in a hollow chamber 10, from which it enter the exhaust gas stream into the filter to particles 14 and from it is evacuated to the environment through the final camera 11 and the exit.

To burn and regenerate the particles of soot, they are screwed from the outside, according to the characteristics and the structure of the monolith and / or the filter elements of particles, stabilization heating elements 8 correspondingly equipped and shaped in the openings threads 6, 7 found in the filter housing. The figure 2 shows a heating element 8 in the form of a corkscrew 16. Figure 3 shows a heating element 8 with bars immersion heaters 17. The heating elements of stabilization can also be inserted with the help of a closure Quick.

Because, from a technical point of view, with a monolith made of metal and / or a ceramic material as a base body there is no possibility of making the passageways and / or the openings in spiral and with circumferential grooves, the Ceramic cords are joined, as necessary, forming a beam and converted to a spiral shape by a turn of the beam, as can be seen in Figure 8, where the bushes 23 and a spiral heating wire 24 are shown. This is possible because the heating spirals are made of materials that simultaneously serve as tension springs and compression springs. Thus, it is guaranteed that the entire beam-shaped unit is held together, tear-proof, and elastic against vibrations.
tion

It is possible that, for reasons of space, in a vehicle cannot install a particle filter with a larger diameter. In this case there is the possibility of integrating filter wires 20, filter discs 21, at different distances, as required, in the heating elements of stabilization, as can be seen in figures 4, 5 and 6. Thus, it you can install in each vehicle an oxidation catalyst and a relatively thin particle filter.

Claims (18)

1. Soot particle filter with variable control soot burning and catalytic effect for diesel engines and diesel heating, comprising at least one filter body (3) and a filter element (13, 14), characterized in that the part of Catalyst (13) of the body (3) comprises ceramic cords with ceramic liners (23) in which heating spirals (24) of tensile and pressure resistant materials are found, the ceramic cords having been joined to form a beam and forming a spiral by turning the beam of ceramic cords on itself. 2. Soot particle filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the ceramic liners (23) have a catalyst effect coating. 3. Soot particle filter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the filter element has a filter tangle (14) in which stabilizing heating elements in the form of a corkscrew (16) where the ceramic cords are housed and the heating spirals (24) and / or are screwed in the form of rods (17) and / or fit with a quick closure. 4. Soot particle filter according to claim 3, characterized in that the stabilization heating elements are designed with different shapes (16, 17). 5. Soot particle filter according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the stabilization heating elements are provided with filter discs (18) of different types. 6. Soot particle filter according to claim 5, characterized in that the filter discs (18) of the stabilization heating element are composed of different materials. 7. Soot particle filter according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the stabilization heating elements with the filter discs (18) are screwed into a body (3) and / or provided with and fitted with a quick closure. 8. Filter for soot particles according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a filter with a catalytic effect and a filter for soot particles is housed in a filter body (3). 9. Soot particle filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the body there are openings (6, 7) with and / or without thread. 10. Soot particle filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is an inlet and an outlet in the body
(Four. Five). 11. Soot particle filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that ceramic cords with heating spirals (24) are introduced into a monolith provided with square openings. 12. Soot particle filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body is coated on the outside by a thermal jacket. 13. Soot particle filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body is coated with a heat resistant material (12) from the inside to the outside environment. 14. Soot particle filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a relay is provided for the continuous control of the heating phase of the different heating elements. 15. Filter for soot particles according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an opening with a valve through which the necessary oxygen supply is introduced is provided in the filter body. 16. Soot particle filter according to one of claims 3 to 15, characterized in that the heating elements are provided with a thread and / or a quick seal. 17. Soot particle filter according to one of claims 3 to 16, characterized in that connection devices (15) for the power supply are located in the outer area of the stabilization heating elements. 18. Soot particle filter according to one of claims 3 to 17, characterized in that there are hollow chambers inside the body (9, 10, 11).