ES2307360B1 - PROTOTYPE OF LIGHT FRAME, FOR ARTISTS, MADE FROM MAINLY LIGN-CELLULOSICAL MATERIALS. - Google Patents

Abstract

Lightweight frame prototype, for artists, made from mainly materials ligno-cellulosic.

Frame made with materials lignocellulosic whose main characteristic is its tremendous Lightness, this facilitates handling, storage and transport. It is designed primarily, but not exclusively, as a frame for artists, conservatives, restorers, etc.

Very easy to perform by industrial processes and little complicated to perform in the artist's own workshop. There is the possibility of using many other materials in your realization.

This type of frame adapts equally to make both rigid supports (table on frame) and flexible (fabric on frame) with a minimum of changes in this last case, or none as it is in the first.

It has a high resistance to warping, always that are correctly manufactured and in the squares appropriate.

Although its constructive elements They are mainly products of cellulosic origin, they can result very long provided they are properly protected by means of rigging, paints, varnishes, etc.

Description

Lightweight frame prototype, for artists, made from mainly materials ligno-cellulosic.

Object of the invention

This invention relates to the design of a new frame and the procedure to build it. Frame, for use universal that can be used in the manufacture of supports that will be applicable to any of the procedures and techniques Pictorial with the possibility of large formats.

The frame is a basic reinforcement in the manufacture of supports, both rigid and flexible. Is the reinforcement most used in contemporary art (In the painting of easel, mainly) for the security it brings to the deformation in fabric tensioning or stiffening glued boards to him, the immediacy of his execution, the structural lightness that contributes and the economy.

It depends, in part (rigid support) or in everything (flexible support), the general behavior of the work, contributing to the perfect conservation of it.

The frame, object of the present invention, has demonstrated a great ease of manufacture, while offering a simple manipulation, this favors its use for manufacture of supports with a multitude of geometric shapes: both traditional or usual (square and rectangular formats, mainly) as unusual (triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc.) irregular formats can even be generated modifying the angles that form the slats together.

State of the art

The support is the element on which we are going to arrange the other strata that will configure the pictorial work. Said support (rigid: solid wood, plywood, chipboard, MDF, etc., or flexible: natural fabrics, synthetic fabrics, papers) it is usually accompanied, in many cases, by certain reinforcements whose mission is to protect support from possible structural deformations (corrugated or shielded, warping, etc.) that could seriously damage the pictorial layer or meet the function of properly tensioning the support (flexible: fabrics, papers, etc.) so that we can work correctly on top of he.

One of these reinforcements is the frame. Element indispensable that in addition to providing a correct rigidity to support should also provide lightness, since excessive This weight would lead to an increase in weight in the final work, hindering in this way its handling and transport, adding to this the danger that comes with the manipulation of objects heavy for those same objects.

The incorrect adaptation of the reinforcement to the support It results in the degradation of the work. Which it involves an expensive restoration process that does not always preserve the work of its partial or total destruction.

The supports and their cellulosic reinforcements (cloth, wood and derivatives, paper, etc.) have been subject to numerous criticisms, focusing criticisms on the fragility of The cellulosic chains. This is partially true, since in most of the time the degradation has been produced by the incorrect material handling or its incorrect conservation, subjecting the works to conditions for which They were not conceived. Great works of architecture, of the sculpture and painting, for example, (some of which continue to be located in outdoor areas supporting all inclement weather) have supported and continue to support the passage of the centuries Just know what kind of risk you are prepared for the support and we will know what its most appropriate use.

As for the supports and reinforcements made with wood or materials derived from it, there is abundant technical literature there is no need to submit to material of proof of any kind.

The behavior against hygrometric changes can be virtually canceled using the wide range of products wood derivatives that are nothing but real products engineering, tested by means of countless specimens in the laboratory and that, especially the high plywood performance, perfectly solve type problems hygroscopic and thermal. With these materials practically eliminate the so-called "wood game".

The right coatings can protect them of ultraviolet radiation.

The correct location can protect them from biological agents

Our rack is a rack made with cellulosic type materials joined together by means of synthetic type adhesives. They can be incorporated simply materials such as rigid foams to facilitate bonding between the face and the contracara, but this is something optional.

The racks used in the BB. AA They are quite limited Those used to stretch fabrics remain of a similar nature (if not identical) to those used for centuries in the pictorial field.

Hollow type racks have only been made with materials such as metals (mainly aluminum) or with plastics

There are numerous patents that imply improvements on traditional racks whose corner assemblies and middle assemblies and crossheads were made by encounters at half wood, box and spike, etc.

The present frame is conceived as reinforcement, mainly rigid support, but adaptable to fabric tensioning.

Existing patents for intended frames exclusively to improve or facilitate fabric tensioning are the more numerous:

GB2314811 A corner joint for canvas stretcher with sliding dowels and tapered wedge . It requires special machinery to make the molding, place the pins or spikes and the wedges. It is a tensioning frame, solid.

US6269569 Alminium stetcher frame system . Hollow antecedent. Made with aluminum profiles. The fabric is tense with the contest of some boards.

FR2768658 Painting stretcher frame . Detachable frame made with an aluminum profile although its inventors contemplate the possibility of other materials. It could be done in wood.

US5115584 Artist's section stretcher with canvas . Also hollow background, suitable for fabrics and designed for small formats.

US2002014316 Bracing system for canvas stretcher frames . Made of solid wood, it is a traditional type frame in which an improvement is introduced in terms of maintaining the position of the support once the wedges have tensioned the fabric. Small screws hold a square that maintains that position.

FR2753133 Stretcher for picture canvas . It incorporates springs and wedges.

EP0229636 Stretcher fame assembly . Tubular section, tension by means of tweezers on the back. For fabrics.

JP2002113999 Canvas stretcher and canvas fixture . Traditional frame adaptable to rigid support. Tensioning system by means of velcro.

Other patents: US2149985, US3238996, US6138741, AU664310, U S 3841008, U S2003126777, etc.

Explanation of the invention.

Most of the racks used in the BB AA they are usually too heavy or have problems structural as warping, etc. mainly due to use of green wood, with many defects (fendas, knots, resin bags, warps of the slats, etc.) for this reason the The present invention is aimed at minimizing these problems, of so that when making a more stable frame it has an impact on the obtaining a more stable support and in achieving a work, Therefore, more stable.

Since there is the possibility of performing this frame with the same type of material as the support board (in the case of rigid supports, wooden plywood, for example) that will receive the layer pictorial, this will result in a better conservation of the work already that the entire structure that supports it will behave before hygrometric and thermal changes in the same way.

The conventional rigid supports used in the artistic field usually consist of a plywood board of various species and a MDF board (Medium Density Fiberboard or medium density fibreboard), stiffened the first with a pine or samba frame and the second with a singing frame also made in MDF.

Being different species and materials its behavior in the face of temperature and humidity changes is not going to be homogeneous

Pieces of low width and low thickness that will facilitate its handling.

The present invention will fulfill a series of fundamental requirements when applying pictorial layers on stiffened supports by means of this frame:

one.

It is a very versatile reinforcement designed to fundamentally ligno-cellulosic supports such as plywood, MDF, OSB (Oriented Strand Board: Boards Oriented Strips), agglomerates, papers, cartons, fabrics, etc., and suitable to support in them pictorial layers of the different Pictorial Procedures and Techniques, both traditional and more novel appearance (from the 20th century).

2.

Cheap in your costs.

3.

Manufacturing facility

Four.

Of great lightness.

5.

Plastically attractive.

6.

Structurally very stable.

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The present frame is formed by a type singular of symmetrically shaped slats, of the Following way:

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\ vtcortauna Two faces, parallel to each other: Face and counter.

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\ vtcortauna Two songs, parallel to each other.

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\ vtcortauna Space between the face, the contracara and the edges called intermediate layer (soul or core):

-

\ vtcortauna That there is a solid or hollow intermediate layer (core or core):

?

\ vtcortauna Solid.

?

\ vtcortauna Made from natural materials.

?

\ vtcortauna Made from synthetic materials.

?

\ vtcortauna Hollow

?

\ vtcortauna Made from natural materials.

?

\ vtcortauna Made from synthetic materials.

-

\ vtcortauna That there is an intermediate layer (core or core) consisting only of air: Higher lightness due to the lower density.

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There is the possibility of making these slats with different materials so that your final configuration can Be homogeneous or heterogeneous. The homogeneous configuration makes the different component elements of the final structure are behave similarly to changes thermo-hygrometric The heterogeneous structure can also be used advantageously in the construction of racks for artists In case you want to use it as a structure dedicated to reinforce other objects should be tested suitable through entities specialized in this type of cases like AITIM (Association of Technical Research of Industries of Wood and Cork), in addition to choosing the right squares for That certain end. The fact of protecting it with suitable materials  such as rigging, paints, varnishes, etc., makes these structures achieve greater longevity by reducing or minimizing in this way the possible movements that could occur

The choice of appropriate teams increases The chances of success. It is essential to adapt that section to what is expected of that structure, that is, if we need make a large frame and choose a lower than necessary square, then this is no use type of reinforcement

It is possible to make this type of racks with different materials depending on the use that will be given. If your use is going to be as a frame for BB. AA., It is advisable to perform them with exterior type plywood, that is, prepared for resist moisture (hot and cold water), these are the boards WBP (Water and boiled proof, that is, waterproof boards hot and cold).

In this type of plywood, the resin with the that their plates are glued, usually phenol type formaldehyde, resorcinol phenol formaldehyde, etc. The plates are usually of several species: both leafy and conifers Common species are: ocumé, beech, birch, poplar, pine, Calabo, among others.

The thickness of the boards is variable and It will depend on the resistance we want to give to the frame. Experiences made with 3 mm thick boards (no phenolics, of course) have given good results, but since this type of boards, together with those of 5 mm (so used usually in BB. AA.) Have not been designed to perform resistant functions, so it would be important to use boards with a thickness of 7 mm onwards.

Face and counter

Given what has been said, we will use mainly plywood boards in its manufacture (in a single piece or in several, if it were the use of small parts). (Fig. 1 to 6).

It is possible to use solid wood (natural or reconstituted). 1 cm thick slats and with several possibilities of width This possibility increases the section of the ribbon but also offers the possibility of obtaining much higher resistance. You have to point out something obvious and that is as we increase thicknesses and widths, we also increase the weight end of the frame.

Chants

Like the face and the songs contracara they can be formed by plywood located perpendicular to the face and counter or by sticks placed face or song, depending on the team they own, the slat thickness we want to obtain or the resistance we owe get also. You can also take advantage of small dimensions (Fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6).

Singing is an element that can be of the same nature as the outer face and contracara, or not, and of identical thickness, or not.

Intermediate layer (soul or core)

It can be present in two ways: on the one hand, in solid or hollow form and on the other hand in the form of air, in function of the chosen design (Fig. 1 to 9).

We can use type materials ligno-cellulosic (natural wood, plywood, cardboard cells impregnated or not, etc.) (Fig. 7 and 8), of type synthetic [rigid foam sheets made of extruded polystyrene, projected polyurethane (Fig. 3), etc.]

Really, for this type of racks it is enough that the intermediate layer (core or core) is composed of air, if the frame is constituted with the face and the Counter with a thickness greater than 3 mm. Even with that thickness it they can generate sufficiently resistant racks.

The intermediate layer (core or core), both hollow as solid, stiffen, increase resistance, do not raise excessively the density of the frame, keep the face parallel to the contracara and the parallel songs with each other, are not complicated to use, do not require special tools (some of them can be cut with a cutter), glue easily, facilitate frame assembly, precisely by maintaining its components parallel to each other two to two.

The solid intermediate layer (core or core) can be made by means of the union of slats. This union can be verified on the face and the counter, edges and testas of said slats. (Fig. 1).

The ecological character of this is remarkable frame, since in certain cases there may be a integral use of leftover materials from others operations.

Pieces of ribbon could be used than otherwise way they would not be usable for structural purposes. Could be used for tough purposes for less demanding conditions that the construction, the BB. AA., Etc. Perfectly valid as packing system of other materials, for example.

The assembly systems used between different slats, to configure the frame, will be made choosing them according to the criteria, more convenient in each case, that value greater resistance and lack of deformation structural, among other things. For example: tongue and groove, miter, box and spike, etc. Taking into account the typology specific to these slats and choosing, depending on that, the more convenient No excess assemblies are necessary complex, nor are any type of hardware necessary to strengthen them.

Description of the drawings

In order to facilitate the understanding of the invention and integrating, in turn, in the present specification, incorporate a series of illustrations that can be seen What is detailed below:

Solid or intermediate layer slats (core or core) solid

Figure one

to:

Face.

b:

Intermediate layer (soul or core).

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C:

Contracara

d:

Finger joint.

Example of solid slat or intermediate layer (core or core) solid that can be formed by sticks of different lengths glued together (by singing and by testas), by laminated wood, by micro-laminated wood, by board enlisted, by slatted soul boards, etc. Face and slat against the ribbon will preferably be formed by plywood, adapting the thickness and characteristics of them to the requirements of the ribbon. The queues used will be the appropriate depending on the type of materials to be joined together, in In any case, we must be very careful in the union of different elements and apply the appropriate pressure. He gluing the slats together should not be such that the tail lines of two adjacent slats. The unions of the slats can also be made by means of finger-joint

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Figure 2

to:

Face.

b:

Intermediate layer (soul or core).

C:

Contracara

Example of solid slat or intermediate layer (core or core) formed by slats of different lengths glued together only by the testas. The face and counter The ribbon will preferably be formed by plywood. The joints of the slats can also be made by means of finger-joint

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Figure 3

to:

Face.

b:

Intermediate layer (soul or core).

C:

Contracara

Example of solid slat or intermediate layer (core or core) solid formed by rigid foams (polyurethane, polystyrene, etc.) whose thickness, together with that of the face and otherwise they will determine the final thickness of the ribbon. These face and slat against the ribbon will preferably be formed by plywood although if the requests of said ribbon, or of the frame that conforms, do not require large resistances or go to intended for non-artistic uses, may be formed by boards of fibers (especially hard fibers or tablets). The tails used (in the case of sheet foam) should join these different materials without the solvents contained by them they can affect any of them, especially the foams. Yes the foam we use is projected, it is not necessary glued some. You just have to do a series of drills at slat length to introduce the foam. The leftovers that Overflowing the drills are easily cut with a cutter.

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Slats crib intermediate layer (core or core) is composed of air

Figure 4

to:

Cleats

b:

Intermediate layer (core or core): air.

C:

Face and counter in one piece.

Ribbon example whose intermediate layer (core or core) consists only of air. The songs are formed by sticks of different lengths glued together by the testas The joints of the slats can also be made by middle finger-joint. With this provision we can take advantage of slats of short length to generate others of longer lengths The face and the face will be formed preferably by a single piece of plywood that will help considerably strengthen the whole.

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Figure 5

to:

One piece slats.

b:

Intermediate layer (core or core): air.

C:

Face and counter made with small pieces size.

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Ribbon example whose intermediate layer (core or core) consists only of air. The songs are formed by slats constituted by a single piece that will help reinforce set. The face and the contracara will be formed by pieces of small plywood so that they can be used pieces that otherwise would not be useful for us any.

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Figure 6

to:

Fine and short cleats.

b:

Intermediate layer (core or core): air.

C:

Face and counter in one piece.

Ribbon example whose intermediate layer (core or core) consists only of air. The songs are formed by thin, short, or reticular strips of fine plywood, overlapped and glued by their faces to increase their thickness and reinforce each other. The face and the contracara, in turn, will be formed by a single piece of plywood, natural wood, etc., but of little thickness and in a single piece to give rigidity to the set.

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Hollow or middle layer hollow (core or core) slats

Figure 7. Example of hollow ribbon or layer intermediate (soul or core) hollow. Said intermediate layer (soul or core) is formed by cardboard cells (reinforced, or not, with resins) or other materials. If the edge is not covered, the assembly it's very fast. The construction of this type of slats is very simple because it reduces to glue two boards together with the layer intermediate (soul or core) and then cut them into strips that form the slats It is evident that weight is lightened and the system but it is not, still too resistant, especially in the songs

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Figure 8

to:

Placement of songs.

Example of hollow ribbon or intermediate layer (soul or core) hollow reinforced in its edges by means of cleats. The placement of edges greatly reinforces the slat and prevents deterioration of the intermediate layer (core or core). It also allows to be able to staple fabrics in said song with comfort and also facilitates the placement of a protective frame of the work if desired.

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Ribbon with intermediate layer (core or core) of foam

Figure 9. Example of lath with intermediate layer (core or core) of rigid foam. It can be seen how they occur tongue and groove type joints if we move the intermediate layer (soul or nucleus) with respect to the face and the contracara.

Figure 10. Example of a simple frame of small format consisting of solid slats or intermediate layer (core or core) formed by rigid foams. In this case It is made without combs or crossbars. This provision results simple to perform but low resistance.

Figure 11. Example of a frame formed by solid slats or intermediate layer (core or core) solid formed by rigid foams. Simple small format system made, in this case, without combs or crossbars. This arrangement is also simple to make but of also of low resistance. This case is a bit more resistant than the one shown in figure 10 since the slats they are overlapped in corner assemblies.

Figure 12. Example of a frame formed by solid slats or intermediate layer (core or core) solid formed by rigid foams, reinforced by sticks in the singing. Those slats or plywood strips reinforce enormously the assembly and with it the whole frame.

Figures 13, 14, 15 and 16. Examples thereof frame of figure 12 but in which the corner assemblies They are made by miter. The view can be seen on the slat floor, the final assembly and also the assembly of the intermediate layer (core or core) of rigid foam.

13: Frame devoid of foam.

14: Frame plant with rigid foam built-in

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15: Perspective of the frame with the foam built-in rigid.

to:

Rigid foam.

16: Frame finished.

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Figure 17

to:

Boards that form the face and the counter.

b:

Intermediate layer (soul or core).

Section and perspective of a double beam T ".

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Figure 18

to:

Wings.

b:

Intermediate layer (soul or core).

Section and perspective of a type panel sandwich.

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Figure 19. Method of obtaining beams composed in "I".

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Figure twenty

to:

Beam drawer.

Method of obtaining drawer beams.

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Figure 21. Base frame made by means of plywood slats, rectangular (or square) and also hollow.

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Figure 22

to:

Face.

b:

Contracara

C:

Location of the slats to form the singing.

A: Possibility A:

one:

Obverse.

2:

Back.

Base frame and possibility A: gluing plywood strips on the face and counter face, thus obtaining a symmetrical type frame.

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Figure 2. 3

B: Possibility B:

one:

Obverse.

2:

Back.

Base frame and possibility B: gluing plywood strips on the back and a support panel on the front, thus obtaining an asymmetric type frame.

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Figure 24

C: Possibility C:

one:

Obverse.

2:

Back.

Base frame and possibility C: gluing a plywood board on the back and another board on the front, thus obtaining a symmetrical type frame. Both boards can be used as support. In this way a "drum" or "isoplane" type board is generated.

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Figure 25

to:

Meeting or simple union assemblies.

b:

Medium wood assemblies.

Racks made by assemblies of encounter (or by simple union) and assemblies to the average wood.

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Figure 26. Frame assembly manufactured by half of slats. The system, in this case, consists of five pieces: four slats equal two to two and a crosshead that forms all of it a unit We can also see the assembly of that unit. Other combinations can be made.

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Figure 27. Crossings performed in a single piece. Different types according to their testas. More can be searched combinations

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Figure 28

to:

Perimeter fence with "male testa".

b:

Perimeter slat with "testa female".

C:

Perimeter beam with "male testa" and also crossbar or crosshead comb. It can also be used as perimeter lath.

d:

Comb or stringer, with "male testa", crosshead component.

and:

Crossbar or crosshead with "testa female".

F:

Crossbar or crosshead with "testa female. "It can also be used as a ribbon perimeter.

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Embodiment

Given the nature of the proposed invention, we can face its realization starting from different processes, in function of the type of ribbon and / or frame that we are going to build: yes it is a ribbon with or without a soul, solid or hollow, this one last, etc.

In the case of a ribbon with solid soul, made with rigid foams, we are going to use panels sandwich for the ease of execution of using this type of panels.

Use of slats with rigid foam core

As we have seen, they can be used advantageously the sandwich panels for making racks, using them in the manufacture of slats. The rigid foam is a synthetic element that we will only use in the construction of slats as the industry offers boards composed of faces of panel and foam core (there are specific patents for BBs.  AA., In which these types of boards are developed: ES 2 117 538 A1, among others.)

Tongue and groove type joints may occur if we glue two boards to a rigid foam sheet. (Fig. 9).

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The angle joint produced is very simple, fast to run but not very resistant, in itself, as you can appreciate (Fig. 10). The corner assembly of the slats it can also be made to miter, with or without edge (Fig. 13, 14, 15 and 16), but still very weak. This weakness may be solved a little by overlapping the slats (Fig. 11), but where there is a real reinforcement is incorporating a few simple edges made of the same material as the face and face (Fig. 12). We say "in itself" because if we found a board on top of that frame, so that it would act as a support pictorial, it would increase the resistance of these assemblies, but the reinforcement concept must occur in reverse, that is, the frame must be the one that reinforces the board, in this way it produces a "plate effect" that prevents possible deformations structural (warping, etc.) of the frame and multiply the initial board resistance. This is very well known about everything in the field of construction and engineering, in wood, at the time of building roofs and floors, mainly through Plywood, OSB, Chipboard, etc.

This symmetric distribution of materials (face-soul-face) provides great resistance, something similar happens with the distribution in layers of particleboard made of wood particles. Recall also the beams in "double T" or "I", in they the wings of the beam would be like the boards exterior of the ribbon (faces) and the soul of the beam would become the sandwich core (from the ribbon in this case too). (Fig. 17, 19 and 20).

The intermediate layer (core or core) complies with both cases the function of avoiding the approximation of the panels that make up the face and the contracara, thus maintaining a distance constant with each other, in this way we maintain the parallelism of face and counter, favorable result for our purposes since It allows us to use face and counter face. Your task resistant consists of absorbing the motive shear forces by the loads and the buckling originated in the structure of the panel. (Fig. 18).

In the case of the face or counter face (or of the boards glued to the frame), the task for which they are designed is to absorb both compression forces and of horizontal traction that originate in the structure.

Use of box or drawer slats (slats simply gaps)

When an element supports bending forces and twist your profile is usually box or drawer type. This is the case. that concerns us since this frame tries to avoid deformations of structural type that can be transmitted to the pictorial layer. The warping are usually the most common problems detected in Racks for BB. AA

We would find it in the workshop quite difficult to make slats or racks with sections tubular (either in wood or in other materials), that's why the simplest option is to use rectangular sections or square. The solution is shown in Figures 19 and 20.

In the construction section beam was used in "I" or "double T" to make better use of wood, from this way you get a beam that is stronger than the initial trunk In figure 19, where we have a double beam T ", we can compare the section obtained from a log by gluing the pieces. This new section obtained is much larger that the section from which it is obtained, with which we can save wood. In construction the structures have been used a lot mixed, composed of sawn or laminated wood (wings, heads) and boards, the latter generally forming souls. This system, as we have seen with the composite beam, also offers of the above, ease of prefabrication, something that we We are very interested.

In engineering or construction configurations most used are the drawer beams, the double beams "T" and the beams in double "T" with two souls.

The same beams are used in the beams solutions that in the "double T", according to which its form tends to horizontal or vertical.

There are many variants according to the utility sought. With the views above we can get an idea of the infinite existing possibilities that we can echo. Beam drawer has a reflection in the construction of airplanes, since it uses a similar system, on a smaller scale, which they call "drawer stringer".

We usually use a series of slats to build our racks for artist with some squads 60 x 20 mm, among others. That small thickness makes it possible handle easily, but tends to buckling, also easily. If we place the singing slats, we gain resistance from the frame in the song but we make handling more difficult of the frame by the width generated. We insist, once again, on that our frame will not be subject to great tensions and Therefore we can make variants from the slats type drawer (derived from drawer beams). We can take advantage of your "hollow" condition to proceed to assembly more comfortably.

This simple system can include hairstyles and stringers if necessary, but should carry a assembly a little more complex, than this one. (Fig. 21). Thinking about a system that does not use miter cuts and that its slats do not require too complex manufacturing, we have the following: "A ribbon (frame also) of plywood or slabs of rectangular (or square) section hole".

From this structure we can choose several possibilities:

TO)

Glue plywood strips on the face and on the counter, thus obtaining a type frame symmetrical. (Fig. 22).

B)

Glue plywood strips by the reverse and a support panel on the front. (Fig. 2. 3).

C)

Glue a plywood board by the front and one on the back so that a support is generated symmetrical type drum or isoplane. (Fig. 24).

If we wanted to complete the bar (possibility A), we would close the frame on the front with other strips, in turn overlapping with respect to the strips of the part opposite or reverse. The frame would be so symmetrical and would be ready for use as a support reinforcement: it would be enough to glue a board on the face or on the counter.

In possibility B the plywood strips that close the slats at the back should also go overlapping to give greater resistance to warping.

We could also glue a complete board (possibility C) and that way we would also have a support symmetrical about his singing. If both boards were good quality, both could be used as pictorial support. This should be respected so that the support had the same behavior on both sides of the frame and thus not generate tensions unequal

There may be variants in the construction of slats, combs or stringers. The previous case could have a small resistance problem if we use the simple joint in the assemblies since they make the crosshead is attached to the rest of the frame just for a meeting assembly, and already We know that this union is very weak. The solution is very simple and it consists of making the assembly to the half wood, that is, with a few cuts in a few strips and the extension of many others We solve the problem. (Fig. 25).

Seen this way, the support looks like a complex puzzle, made with strips of different sizes, but we can summarize it in six drawer type slats, which we will see later (in more formats small would not need the crosshead, we would use only four drawer type slats). The prototype presented here is one of the many options that we can find after a thorough examination of the possibilities offered by this type of ribbon. (Fig. 26).

The arrangement of the strips and / or sticks of possibility A makes assembly a bit difficult so we should start by cutting the strips that will form the face and the against the slats and on which we are going to mount the cleats that will form the edges. Perfectly glued these each other, they will glue the opposite face to form "the drawer "definitive, considering leaving the gaps to perform the subsequent assemblies.

In this way a general assembly is carried out in few phases and not by means of slats assembled together. In In this case, the frame will be finished as a single unit.

You can also make each ribbon by separate, as we said, considering its final location, it is say, if it will be part of the perimeter slats or the combs or stringers or of the crossheads that could be given.

For example, system made with five pieces:

cuatro four equal slats, two to two.

\ sqbullet A crosshead forming a unit.

The crosshead could be made in one piece and thus facilitate its placement in the frame. Your testas can vary depending on the design of the frame. Some of these possibilities can be seen in Figure 27.

The slats, their testas, etc. may vary in depending on the desired design or manufacturing system used. (Fig. 28).

For this type of racks do not need or Forms or gouges to make any type of cajeado, everything is very simple to perform since it is limited to a few cuts of Mountain range.

We saw the possibility of making type panels sandwich whose core or soul was formed by foam plates rigid (polystyrene or polyurethane, for example), but if this does not we have taken it into account and we are interested in the possibility of a soul of this type, we could inject foams into the frame doing some previous drills distributed so that you can distribute the foam evenly throughout the frame. This system (inject foam) does not need adhesives to bond the foam to the frame, the foam and the frame form a unit. There is to take into account that the density of the frame increases and, for So much, its weight.

Claims (16)

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1. Prototype light frame for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials characterized by being formed by a type of unconventional slats composed of three layers: 1) External face. 2) Intermediate layer (soul or core). 3) Contracara. 2. Lightweight frame prototype for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer face and the counter face can be configured in two ways: 1) In one piece. 2) In several pieces. 3. Lightweight artist frame prototype, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate layer (core or core) can be present in two ways: on the one hand, in solid or hollow form and on the other hand in the form of air. 4. Prototype of light frame for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the intermediate layer (core or core) present, solid or hollow, can be of two types in each case: 1) Solid:

to.

Made with type materials natural.

b.

Made with type materials synthetic.

2) Hollow:

to.

Made with type materials natural.

b.

Made with type materials synthetic.

5. Lightweight artist frame prototype, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to previous claims, characterized in that the various layers that constitute the slats (and the slats together) are joined together with thermoplastic adhesives, fundamentally. 6. Prototype light frame for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to previous claims, characterized in that it can be configured in a single unit or because it can be configured by means of slats assembled together. 7. Lightweight frame prototype for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to claim 6, characterized in that it can be configured in a single unit in three different ways, starting from a plywood frame or slats of rectangular (or square) section ) hole:

to.

Gluing plywood strips on the face and on the counter, thus obtaining a type frame symmetrical.

b.

Gluing plywood strips by the reverse and a support board by the obverse.

C.

Gluing a plywood board by the obverse and the other on the reverse so that a symmetrical support of isoplane type.

8. Prototype light frame for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to claim 7, characterized in that it can be configured by means of slats, drawer type. assembled together that can form the perimeter slats or the combs or the stringers or the crosshead that could be given. 9. Prototype light frame for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to previous claims, characterized in that the slats can configure the assemblies that form together, in the form of "male testa" or "female testa". 10. Lightweight frame prototype for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to previous claims, characterized in that it is suitable for both rigid supports (table on frame) and flexible supports (fabric on frame).

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11. Lightweight frame prototype for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to previous claims, characterized in that the main characteristic has tremendous lightness, this facilitates its handling, storage and transport. 12. Prototype light frame for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to previous claims, characterized in that it is designed primarily, but not exclusively, as a frame for artists, curators, restorers, etc. to be used in all Pictorial Procedures and Techniques, both traditional and new. 13. Lightweight frame prototype for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to previous claims, characterized in that it favors its use for the manufacture of supports with a multitude of geometric shapes: both traditional or usual (square and rectangular formats, mainly ) as unusual (triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc.) even irregular formats can be generated by modifying the angles that form the slats together. 14. Lightweight frame prototype for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to previous claims, characterized in that there is the possibility of making it with different materials so that its final configuration can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. 15. Lightweight frame prototype for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to claim 14, characterized in that it is carried out with a homogeneous configuration (with the same type of material as the support-board, in the case of rigid supports ) makes the different component elements of the final structure behave in the same way before thermo-hygrometric changes, this will result in a better conservation of the work. 16. Lightweight frame prototype for artists, made from mainly ligno-cellulosic materials, according to previous claims, characterized in that the fact of protecting it with suitable materials such as rigging, paints, varnishes, etc., makes these structures reach a greater longevity reducing or minimizing in this way the possible thermo-hygrometric changes that could occur.