ES2306619B1 - METHOD FOR OBTAINING ARTISTIC SCULPTURES OF OBJECTS. - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for obtaining artistic sculptures of objects.

It includes the steps of taking object data (100) by 3D scanning; data analysis (200) obtained with consultation of a database of objects already made and consideration of the client's tastes to determine the parts of the object that are sculpted manually; realization by artist of certain parts of the object (300); scan (400) in 3D of the parts sculpted by the artist; assembly (500) of complete object in 3D by modifying and joining the images 3D obtained by Initial scan, scanning parts sculpted by the artist (300) and incorporation of the parts from a database of objects already made; obtaining a replica (600) of the object by rapid prototyping, and possibly obtaining a new replica of the object (700) of metal or other cast iron materials from the piece obtained by rapid prototyping.

Description

Method for obtaining artistic sculptures of objects.

The present invention consists of a method that allows to obtain a three-dimensional replica of an object, in particular three-dimensional sculptures of people, through a Obtaining object geometry, a computer treatment which includes the composition with information in databases, the composition of the wrong, missing or missing parts they provide an artistic appearance, and a prototyping and eventually obtaining a piece by casting metal, for example, or of other materials.

Technical sector

The technical sector of this invention is the elaboration of sculptures of living beings. Particularly, this invention relates to the realization of sculptures that reproduce heads or busts of people, but which could also be used for the elaboration of other types of sculptures. Usually, these types of sculptures are made artistically by hand or with the help of a player of three-dimensional pieces of a 3D image of the
person.

Since ancient times this type of sculpture has been artistically done by hand. Currently, the appearance of the new digital scanning technologies, treatment of images and prototyping in 3 dimensions (3D) open the viability of New innovative methods. This invention refers to a Combined method, which uses a three-piece player dimensions.

This ability requires visualizing the object that It is intended to make, choose the appropriate materials and execute the right technique to obtain it. In the case of useful or tools, the validity of the utensil obtained will be verified with the real utility of it, and the achievement of the end for It was designed.

In the case of sculptures, the validity of the work will be determined by the similarity with the person who represents and its artistic component, it's not just that it looks like the person, but also the work is beautiful.

Throughout history, it has developed a great variety of materials and sculptural forms. All of them they have required qualified artists with a great command of the technique.

The emergence and use of technology digital allows the invention of innovative methods applicable to traditional human activities. This is the case of the sculpture.

Recently, with the development of the computer technology, the realization of sculptures with a three-dimensional parts player is known and used

A scan of the piece or person whose sculpture is intended to be done, by a biometric system, by example by laser light or structured light, such that get a 3D image of the person in digital format for computer treatment

This type of images from scanning Direct often has numerous anomalies or defects such as holes (areas to which for some reason the scan has not arrived, roughnesses, defects, or any other type of imperfections It is therefore desirable to obtain a 3D image in the that this type of imperfections have been eliminated or minimized. In addition, one of the major drawbacks of the treatment of Scanned images is that the hair is not easily solvable. On the one hand, there is a lot of information that makes your computer processing requires process power and time of resolution that make it absolutely inoperative. For other part, the scan provides information that results adversely variable depending on the color or thickness of the hair, so that for the same form information can be obtained different. This implies that there is currently no way satisfactory to solve the reproduction of a real image provided with hair, and in cases where this is possible there is no material technical possibility of carrying out reproduction.

State of the art

CN 1277112 discloses a system for the automatic creation of sculptures using a light method parallel, in which the image is processed from of a video shot. The data is processed on a computer in the that the hairstyle, the elevation angle, the expression are modified, etc. It includes automatic processing and machining.

CN 1360282 describes a computer system to create a 3D sculpture, in which the stages are carried out from; scanning the object in a 3D scanner and passing the data to a computer, generation of information for creation and manufacturing in 3D, and realization of the piece by means of a modeling machine by numerical control. The proposed method does not provide satisfactory solutions for the correction of defects in the scanning and / or realization of parts that require an embodiment manual to give an artistic character.

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GB 2441349 discloses a method for scanning and preparation of a 3D object, which also includes scanning and modification of the 3D image formed on a computer, and in which the artistic manual finish of the finished piece is included for form the mold of a casting piece to its elaboration as casting piece.

Brief description of the drawings

In order to illustrate the explanation that will follow, we attach to the present specification a sheet of drawings in which the essence of the present invention, and in which:

Figure 1 shows a representation Schematic of the method followed in the present invention.

Detailed description of the invention

The method that will be exposed from now on, It is an innovative method of obtaining sculptures that are replica of an object, in particular of a person. This method allows get sculptures with great precision, time reduction and costs, and artistic quality.

Although it is true that digital technology, applied with inventiveness and correctly, it allows to improve the realization of human activities, it is also true that a use inappropriate hinders the completion and quality of the final work. Therefore, it is important to achieve the best balance between innovative and traditional techniques, which has not been properly achieved by the background.

We have on the one hand an innovative 3D technology and on the other hand a sculptural art developed along years. Therefore, it is the object of this invention to combine the 3D information processing technology, on the one hand, and provide the result of an artistic component that until now has not been has achieved with such technology.

The proposed method reaches a symbiosis between innovation and traditional techniques to obtain sculptures

Although the patents indicated above they propose different methods to facilitate the obtaining of replicas of three-dimensional objects, these have presented different problems. On the one hand, a "photographic" reproduction of a head or bust can lead to textures that result inadequately artistic; on the other, there are body parts that they may be hidden from the scanner, and they will have to be completed; and by  other, certain type of surfaces, such as the hair, due to the large number of hair, the surface and shape independent of each hair demands, on the one hand a huge capacity and resolution time of the computer system, depends the color and thickness of the hair and on the other hand the result does not provides an attractive artistic appearance, but is limited to the reproduction.

The method of the invention provides in this regard innovative and substantial techniques: on the one hand, it consists in that a sculptor artist carves some parts of the object to reproduce, those that are more complicated to scan or whose reproduction Faithful is not artistic, once sculpted by the artist scan and integrate to the main part of the object that was already scanned at the beginning. In the case of replicas of heads of people, this innovation is really unique and useful, since allows to reproduce the person, in particular the hair of the head, with an accuracy and finesse, which gives the replica its artistic value. At the same time, this method creates an Image Database 3D of Objects Made (Database Objects Made), whose parts (hair, feet, eyes, eyebrows, etc.,) can be used in later creations, facilitating the process and improving time.

In the case of obtaining busts of people the artistic component, the beauty and attractiveness of the replica obtained It's fundamental.

According to the present invention, it is presented, first, a method for obtaining sculptures, which It includes the following stages:

First stage (100)

Object data collection. The take Data includes 3D scanning of the person and optionally, at least one of the following means:

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Take data from the sculptor artist

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Digital photographs

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Second stage (200)

Analysis data taken and strategy approach

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3D images and photographs are analyzed digital (2D) obtained

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In the case of the object being a person they are considered your wishes

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Check the 3D Image Database of Objects Performed

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With all this, it is decided which parts of the object should sculpt the artist

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Third stage (300)

Making a sculpture of the parts of the object that require it

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Fourth stage (400)

3D scanning of the parts sculpted by the sculptor

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Fifth stage (500)

Object image treatment complete with the 3D images obtained in:

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3D scan to the object in Take data initial (100)

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3D scanning of the parts made by the sculptor (400)

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Databases of previously scanned objects, manually corrected or not

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Sixth stage (600)

Obtaining the object through 3D rapid prototyping machines.

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Seventh stage (700)

Obtaining object, starting object rapid prototyping, by procedures and materials diverse.

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First stage (100)

Object data collection by Scan with a 3D scanner

The method of the present invention employs three-dimensional (3D) scanning technology to get a set of image data of the object to be reproduced. This ensures that the Reproduction is accurate.

Depending on the method you can use any scanning technique to obtain an image data set of the object to reproduce. The image data set contains object data in three dimensions, so that it allows a three-dimensional reproduction of the object to reproduce. Therefore, the scanning technique must provide a data set precise three-dimensional. Currently, there are scanning techniques commercially available in the market, which get the level precise. Preferred scanning systems include scanner with laser or structured light.

Although the scanning technology available in the currently allows to obtain the measurements of the object with a level Enough detail, the scans are not perfect and carry associated errors such as holes, packages, anomalies, imperfections, etc. They must be corrected. It is available in the market of computer programs for it.

In scanning, not only do the mentioned errors that must be corrected, in addition, some zones, even if they have been scanned and corrected correctly, no they have an adequate level of finish and their faithful reproduction subsequent results in artistically unacceptable pieces.

This case is especially significant when The object to reproduce is the head of a person. Usually, for the face part, data collection by scan is feasible, but in the case of the hair, the data collection is imperfect. Some scanners, by adjusting the sensitivity level, can get some detail of the hair of the person's hair. In the case of hair with dark hair the possibility of scanning by laser is drastically reduced, due to the characteristic of the laser light that is absorbed by dark hair and does not bounce, and by So much is not detected by the system.

Even in the case, a scan is reached valid of the person's hair, and then the image can deal with software programs, correcting and retouching defects, the image obtained from the hair is not enough artistic.

Although the above is especially significant for scalps, it can also be applied to certain parts of the body; eyebrows, ears, eyes, etc., which even if sufficient scan data is obtained, its reproduction, as is, it may not be artistically acceptable.

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A sculptor artist takes the artistic data collection of the object

The artist sculptor studies the object; position, distances, textures, etc. Visualize the work that will be obtained.

The artist detects the tastes and desires of the person for whom it will be obtained the sculpture.

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Obtaining busts of people has been a constant over time, great artists have sculpted masterpieces throughout history and there is a sensitivity very cultivated in society that demands works of art from which They can be proud to place in chosen places.

In the case of obtaining busts of people the artistic component, the beauty and attractiveness of the replica obtained It's fundamental. It is the artist who corresponds to set the guidelines to obtain the replica based on the use of 3D scans

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Taking 2D digital photos in different positions

With a camera digital photographic photographic report of the object.

They are photographed object profiles as well as more positions singular.

These three tasks must be performed simultaneously by the artist.

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Second stage (200)

Analysis of data taken and strategy approach

The data obtained in the step is analyzed FIRST (100); 3D scans, the notes taken by the artist and 2D photographs taken, in parallel the Base is consulted Object Data Performed, to detect those parts, already made, which may be useful for this purpose. With everything this, the reproduction strategy to follow is considered. It is decided what parts of the object should be sculpted by the sculptor, normally the hair, eyes, etc. and what parts can be obtained of the Database Objects Made.

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Third stage (300)

Sculpted from parts of the object

Following the artistic procedures traditional sculptors sculpt the parts of the object that have been considered in the previous section. Digital photographs made are a reference for the artist. The artist, for do your work, you can use the plastic material you find  more appropriate; clay, etc.

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Fourth stage (400)

3D scanning of the parts sculpted by the sculptor

The parts of the object sculpted by the artist Sculptor are scanned conveniently. For this the same scanner that was used in the first stage (100).

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Fifth stage (500)

Image treatment of the complete object with the 3D images obtained in:

3D scan made to the object in initial data collection (100).

3D scan of the parts made by the sculptor (400).

Database Objects made.

3D digital images taken in the first Stage (100) are conveniently treated. For this, it is available in the Market a wide range of software (software). Be treat and improve images by correcting errors; holes, wrinkles, lumps, undefined, etc.

3D digital images taken on the stage fourth (400) of the parts of the object sculpted by the artist, they are also treated and improved, in a similar way that the images taken in the first stage (100).

The 3D digital images that are arranged in the Database Data Objects are very useful to incorporate in the process of obtaining the complete object. Are incorporated Those images are useful.

The complete image of the object is formed by joining the images taken in the first (100), fourth (400) stages, and extracted from the Database Object Objects, making the appropriate adjustments and treatments. Once, the sculpture is complete, can be varied in scale, add support base, accessories, etc.

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Once this process is finished, the object is available in 3D computer file, fully finished and ready for printing on a 3D type printing machine, which allows to obtain the Replica of the object in a three-dimensional format.

This object, already finished, is incorporated into the Database Objects Made.

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Sixth (600)

Obtaining the object by rapid prototyping machines 3D

There are many 3D printers in the market that allow to obtain the object in three dimensions starting from the 3D digital computer file.

Rapid Prototyping (PR) is a modern technique, by which objects are built in ones machines, type printers, that deposit material in thin successive layers, following the instructions sent by the computer. PR systems deposit dust and binder liquid to form the layers. At the end of the process we have the object. Examples of PR and techniques include stereolithography (SLA), Selective laser synthesized (SLS), fusion modeling of deposition (FDM), manufacturing by object lamination (LOM), three-dimensional inkjet printing (3DP).

PR systems can use a fan very wide of materials; plastic, ceramics, metals, etc.

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Seventh (700)

Obtaining the object, from the piece obtained by rapid prototyping, by diverse procedures and materials

A variety of types are available processes and material types to obtain replicas of the object to be obtained by rapid prototyping. Materials in which you can obtain are, among others, bronze, silver, gold, etc.

Claims (8)

1. Method for obtaining sculptures Artistic objects, which includes the following stages:

Take data from object (100) by 3D scanning;

Analysis (200) of the image data obtained in (100), with consultation of a Database of Objects Made to incorporate the parts usable, according to the tastes of the person, for the approach of the strategy of realization of the sculpture;

Realization by manual sculpture, by a sculptor, of the required parts of the object (300);

Scan (400) in 3D of the parts made by the artist;

Composition (500) of the complete 3D object, by modification and union of the 3D images obtained by; the initial scan (100), scan parts sculpted by the artist (300) and incorporation of the parties from the Database of Objects Made; Y

Obtaining a Replica (600) of the object by rapid prototyping.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises obtaining a new replica of the object (700) of cast iron or other materials from the piece obtained by rapid prototyping. 3. Method according to any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises the change of scale of the piece obtained with respect to the original. 4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the initial stage of data collection of the object includes obtaining digital images in three and two dimensions, as well as taking notes of the sculptor artist that includes the realization of Sketches with images and notes. 5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the step of analyzing the data obtained with consultation of a Database of Performed Objects, comprises the definition of the assembly strategy of the complete 3D image, in function of;

The quality of the images obtained;

Background existing in the query made to the object database made; Y

The tastes of the person.

Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the stage of realization by the sculptor of the fixed parts of the object (300) a manual sculpture is made of a traditional material, clay or other plastic materials, of those parts of the object established in the analysis stage (200), such as the hair, eyebrows, eyes, shoulders, bases, necklaces, ties or ornaments. 7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the step of obtaining the complete 3D object is performed by means of a computer, by modifying and joining the 3D images obtained by the initial scan, the scanning parts sculpted by the artist and elements of the database of objects made. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the 3D image of the complete object is incorporated into the database, as well as of the parts sculpted and / or independently scanned.