ES2299339B1 - ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC DESALINATING EQUIPMENT. - Google Patents

Abstract

Desalination equipment electro-hydraulic

The equipment comprises a nozzle (1) of spraying the water to be treated and a tank (2) to separate the particles according to their salinity. The nozzle (1) presents internally irregularities that in combination with fields generated by the connection of the nozzle to a source of high voltage (11), causes a lack of homogeneity in the salt concentration product of the spray. The deposit of separation (2) presents its upper part (14) open and facing to the spray nozzle (1), including internally the tank (2) concentric containers (15) and (16) that collect the treated liquid or water, with greater salinity than collect the container (16), as a result of the trajectory convergent of the water particles that access the tank (2), originated by the electric field created by a voltage source (19) connected to the tank itself (2) and to a filiform conductor (20) central and longitudinal.

Description

Desalination equipment electro-hydraulic

Object of the invention

The present invention relates to equipment electro-hydraulic watermaker, whose obvious purpose is to perform a desalination of seawater to convert this into drinking water and allow its consumption. The team will base in electro-hydraulic operation in the that a water spraying and conditioning phase takes place at treat, and a phase of separation of the particles according to their salinity.

Although the equipment of the invention is provided, as just said, for seawater desalination, it should be highlight that it can be applicable to related debugging processes of waters and in general for separation processes, in liquids, of components of solutions, suspensions and, in general, for called dispersed systems, making its application extensible also in the separation of the components of mixtures of solids reduced to dust.

Background of the invention

Have enough drinking water, it is one of the primary needs of humanity, so that in most cases the demand is covered by the water from rivers, lakes, springs and underground aquifers, All of them fed by rain and snow.

However, in certain areas the factors Meteorological and hydrographic conditions determine that this contribution Natural water is insufficient to meet consumption, so such that possible climatic changes of increasing consumption gives rise to that in many areas the imbalance between the demand for water and the natural availability of this fundamental element, forcing to resort to new contributions among which they find as more significant those due to transfers and obtained from the purification or desalination of water from sea.

Obviously, desalination as alternative to obtain drinking water, is a solution attractive as a result of the "raw material" being uses (sea water) is available in practically amount unlimited

In fact there are numerous plants desalination plants that act or are mounted on coastal points of various parts of the world, plants and facilities that are based on the operation known as reverse osmosis, which can be considered as simplified comparable with a filtered, or based on different ways of performing the distillation.

In any case the facilities predominate or plants based on reverse osmosis, because their results.

However, the facilities are usually complex and high cost, regardless of high consumption energy required for its operation, which obviously It implies an increase in the cost or price of drinking water that is obtained.

Description of the invention

The desalination equipment that is recommended, has been conceived to solve the problem before exposed, based on a simple but highly effective solution, assuming a very significant saving of energy costs and the consequent environmental advantages inherent in that saving, resulting in a final price of desalinated water much more Economical than the current one.

More specifically, the desalination team it comprises two basic elements in which paths take place phases of the desalination process, so that one of the components is a spray nozzle and seawater conditioning, and the other element is constituted by a tank or tank in which the separation of the particles according to their salinity.

As for the element that constitutes the nozzle spraying and conditioning, it is structurally constituted by a pipe whose interior presents irregularities several geometric, and in which an electric field reigns asymmetric, with the particularity that said nozzle is connected to a conduit through which seawater is supplied to treat and in turn pressurized air.

Under the external design of the nozzle or water and air supply tube, as well as materials that said nozzle is constituted, and of the action of the air a applied pressure, as well as the electrical voltage itself existing, the salt concentration of the drops of water issued by the nozzle is not uniform, in which the electrodes that create electric fields, based on two conductors, one filiform and another consisting of a plate, powered by a voltage source, which can be current alternating or direct current, so that due to the irregular arrangement and different configurations of the generated electric fields, in combination with the characteristics of the nozzle, a lack of homogenization of the saline concentration corresponding to the different particles originated as a result of spraying.

That is, the salt concentration of particles resulting from the spray is not homogeneous at the exit of the nozzle, under a series of geometric irregularities existing inside the water supply duct and of air, as well as the irregularities of the nozzle itself and of the asymmetries of the reigning electric fields in such nozzle.

The electrodes or electrical conductors of the mouthpiece will be constituted as previously stated, by a filiform conductor and another plane and elongated in the form of plate or sheet, both running longitudinally to the own nozzle duct, incorporating it inside fins consisting of thin sheets of insulating material, with an arrangement that can be variable throughout the interior of the nozzle determining internal sectors in it, being said nozzle externally insulated by a housing of insulating material, since it internally defines a tunnel, which logically corresponds to the conduit referred to above, of water spraying and conditioning.

As for the second element in which you have place the separation of the particles according to salinity, what it constitutes a tank or tank, which can have configuration cylindrical, prismatic, etc, but which in any case presents a conductive wall with an external and internal insulation, said conductive wall being connected to a voltage source which in turn is connected to a filiform conductor that corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the tank, so that the upper and open part of said deposit faces the corresponding end of the spray nozzle, so that the water to be treated and that flows through said nozzle is expelled to the inside of the tank, falling by gravity and by the current originated by the corresponding water feed pump, of so that based on the field or electric fields generated by the voltage source referred to above, the spraying of the water tends to make particles converge towards the center, it is say towards the central geometric axis.

The referred deposit presents internally, in correspondence with the bottom of the bottom, two containers, one that corresponds to the external diameter of the tank, and that occupies the lower part, and another, at a higher height, which is concentric with the previous one and of smaller amplitude or diameter, in the if the tank is cylindrical, so that in these two containers the water to be treated is stored, so that the central or concentric vessel, that is to say the one of smaller amplitude, it will be occupied by water with a degree of salinity greater than that falls on the lower and outer container, thus proceeding separation so that the repetition of the process as many times as necessary to obtain drinking water or purity that interest

As already said at the beginning of this description, the equipment object of the invention, besides being primarily intended to desalinate seawater, it can be used in related processes of water purification and in processes of separation, in liquids, of the components of solutions, suspensions and for so-called dispersed systems.

Description of the drawings

To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as part member of that description, a set of drawings where with illustrative and non-limiting nature, what has been represented next:

Figure 1.- Shows a representation schematic according to a side elevation of the nozzle involved in the desalination equipment object of the invention.

Figure 2.- Shows a sectional view. cross section of the nozzle shown in the previous figure, looking at the parts that constitute it.

Figure 3.- Shows an overview of the equipment of the invention, the nozzle showing superiorly flows into a reservoir, in this case cylindrical, with the source of voltage connected to the conductive layer of the tank and to a filiform conductor in correspondence with the central axis and longitudinal of the tank, also seeing the two containers inmates cited on the bottom or bottom of said deposit, whose containers are equipped with the respective outlet taps of treated water.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

As you can see in the referred figures, the team of the invention essentially comprises two elements among which two phases are carried out in the process of desalination of seawater, and whose elements correspond to a water spray nozzle (1) and to a tank (2) separator of particles, these depending on the degree of salinity.

The element corresponding to the nozzle (1) comprises the nozzle (3) itself, connected to a tube or water supply conduit (4), according to the inlet arrow (5), and pressurized air supply, according to the arrows indicated on the entrance of the ducts (6) that flow into that duct of general water inlet (4).

As depicted in figure 2, the nozzle (1) presents an external and insulating housing (7), and internally a tunnel (8) where water conditioning takes place, incorporating a filiform conductor (9) and a conductive sheet (10), to which the terminals of a power source are connected voltage (11), creating irregular electric fields because the nozzle (1) itself has its internal surface with  irregularities and a special constitution material, all this in a way that in combination with the action of pressurized air applied and of the existing electrical voltage, the concentration saline from the drops of water expelled by the nozzle (1) is not uniform.

It should be noted that inside the tunnel of conditioning (8), or what is the same inside the nozzle (1), thin sheets of material are provided insulator (12), with an arrangement as shown in figure 2, even if they could have any other appropriate orientation, to create sectors inside the nozzle itself (1).

In short, by virtue of the characteristics of the conduit constituting the nozzle (1), of the arrangement of the different electrodes (9) and (10), which can be distributed variable inside the nozzle (1) and the different arrangements and orientations of the fins (12), in combination with the internal irregularities of the mouthpiece itself (1), asymmetric electric fields originate and therefore a lack of homogeneity in saline concentration or particles projected from said nozzle (1) to the corresponding tank (2) where particle separation takes place, depending on the degree of salinity.

Said tank (2), as shown in the figure 3, can have a cylindrical configuration, like the one represented, a prismatic configuration or any other appropriate, always that the wall (13) of such a tank (2) is of conductive material, complementing with an outer insulating layer and with a also insulating inner lining, tank (2) whose part upper and open (14) face the nozzle (1).

In correspondence with the bottom or bottom from the tank (2) two containers are provided, one corresponding to reference (15), whose diameter corresponds with the wall (13) of the tank itself (2), and another concentric and of smaller diameter (16), both open at the top and closed at the bottom, presenting in your funds respective faucets (17) and (18), respectively, to exit the treated water.

Inside the tank (2) are also created electric fields generated by a power supply of voltage (19), connected to a filiform conductor (20) that is corresponds to the central axis of the tank (1), and connected also that voltage source (19) to the wall (13) of the tank (2).

Consequently, water spraying to try to access through the nozzle (1) inside the tank (2), is subjected to the action of the prevailing electric field in the space of said deposit (2), all in such a way that the drops with different degree of salinity that are projected by the nozzle (1) will move by the impulse of the own spraying and by the gravitational effect, towards the bottom of the tank (2), so that the action of the radial electric field reigning in said deposit will produce drifts of those drops of water towards the longitudinal and central axis of the tank; drifts whose Amount will depend on your degree of saline concentration.

In short, those water particles will end depositing in one or another of the concentric containers (15) and (16) located at the bottom of the separation tank (2), being those containers (15) and (16) occupied in the course of the process by aqueous liquids with different degree of salinity, corresponding the liquid with the highest degree of salinity in the container (16), all this so that the described process can be done so many times as necessary or deemed convenient until you get a water  with the desired potability or sufficient for its consumption.

Claims (3)

1. Electro-hydraulic desalination equipment, which is intended to desalinate seawater, as well as to achieve other related processes of water purification, separation processes, in liquids, of the components of solutions, suspensions and in general of the so-called dispersed systems , is characterized in that it comprises two elements (1) and (2) in which a process of spraying and conditioning of the waters to be treated and a process of separation of particles according to their degree of salinity takes place; the first element (1) being constituted by a spray nozzle (3) connected to a water supply line (4) to be treated, which is accessed by air pressure injection ducts (6), with the particularity that said nozzle (1) has its internal surface provided with irregularities that, in combination with the electric field generated by a high voltage source (11) connected to conductors (9) located inside the nozzle itself (1), provide a fault of homogeneity in the salt concentration of the projected particles in the spray of the nozzle (1); having provided that the particle separating element is constituted from a reservoir (2) to which the drops of water projected by the nozzle (1) access, said reservoir (2) having a conductive wall (13) protected by an insulator , both a very thin internal and an external one, and connected to one of the poles of a high voltage source (19) which in turn is connected according to its other pole to a filiform conductor (20) located in coincidence with the central axis and axial of the tank (2), this one in its lower part with two concentric vessels (15) and (16), the latter of smaller diameter and equipped with taps (17) and (18) for the treatment of treated water. 2. Electro-hydraulic desalination equipment, according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductors (9) and (10) of the spray and conditioning nozzle (1) are constituted by a filiform conductor (9) and a metal plate (10) arranged in a longitudinal direction in a tunnel (8) constituting the nozzle itself (1), this being complemented by a protective housing (7); with the particularity that inside the tunnel (8) of the nozzle (1) thin sheets of insulator (12) are distributed with different orientation and in a suitable way to create sectors inside the nozzle, which by asymmetry they collaborate in the lack of homogenization corresponding to the saline concentration of the particles product of the spray by the nozzle (1). 3. Electro-hydraulic desalination equipment, according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank (2) where the particle separation takes place, is capable of having a cylindrical, prismatic, or any other configuration, provided that an electric field is created inside which causes the particles sprayed by the nozzle (1) that access the inside of the tank (2) tend to converge towards the central area where the tank (16) is located, the liquid with a higher degree of salinity accessing it access the larger container (15).