ES2291055A1 - Recovering system for solid or liquid waste to facilitate reused mass generated by human activity, anywhere in workplaces, has modular device for classification, prior preparation and aseptic packaging of waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a modular device for classification, prior preparation and aseptic packaging of the waste, which facilitates transportation, storage and recycling by entities interested in the reuse. The materials are identified by original proceeding of manufacturers of consumer products.

Description

Waste recovery system.

The present invention relates to a System for the collection and classification of waste in order to optimize the possibility of reusing or treating massively waste materials generated by human activity in any place where it is deployed - homes, health centers work, restaurants, hotels, shops, hospitals, processes industrial, agricultural, livestock or other - exception made of the air emissions and discharges of liquid effluents to continental waters or the sea.

The System allows the collection, classification and waste packaging facilitating handling, transportation and storage in the best hygienic conditions and of absence of possible contamination, until shipment occurs to specialized treatment, recovery and / or centers final elimination of each type of material that compose them.

To perform these functions, the System counts with an apparatus or device composed of specific modules, comparable according to the needs of the waste producer, and adapted to the physical characteristics of each of the types of waste or materials that it generates.

The System includes, in addition to the modular device or set of technical devices mentioned, procedures, neatly related to each other, designed in order to contribute to the recycling of waste with the highest degree of efficiency that known technology allows today, and with similar costs to those that, today, the Community is spent in disposing of waste by dumping it in landfills or incinerating them without practically any use.

The modular device or device performs also the functions of general control of the system, registering the necessary information such as the production statistics of packets, emission of acoustic and light signals related to the stages of making a package, notices of lack of packaging in some module, incorrect insertion in it, level of filling in liquid recovery, compression in solids or notices of evacuation of liquid waste originated as consequence of the work of previous pressing of the same in the module.

From the previous identification of the materials used in any transformation that originates waste, and through the application of the proposed System, any user, who has the modular unit in which base this system, can make available to companies recycling - or of the local corporations responsible for the waste removal - a package, bale or final wrap, perfectly recognizable, with precise indications to know its content and facilitate recycling.

The identification at source is made according to a regulated, and previously disseminated, labeling procedure alphanumeric and / or chromatic. This markup action, for a further identification is made by the manufacturer or issuer of each of the products used by him in the manufacture of another more elaborate. It is thus supplied to the end user, information regarding a potential recycling. This id originally it is intended to contribute to a correct selection and concretion, from the point of view of its subsequent reuse, of the waste generated throughout the process.

Once the waste materials are recognized and separated as they are generated, they are introduced, already classified, in a modular device, fundamental basis of System, which consists of multiple classification elements adapted in number, dimensions and mode of packaging to peculiarities of the residue.

The System also includes a device that it houses, inside or outside the main device, mechanisms for a preliminary treatment - chopped or crushed, concentrated, drained or dried and filled with packaging - essential for a subsequent aseptic packaging of waste.

For cases not initially provided, the basic apparatus or device also incorporates the use of pretreatment modules that carry out a previous preparation, similar to the one indicated above, for materials with characteristics unusual in a certain user or with an initial configuration of the equipment not defined for all cases.

Once the waste is classified correctly a compaction of them, a tight seal and a final labeling or marking that, by means of an adequate interpretation provides data on its content - type of material, quantity-identity of the issuer or producer of the waste and Destination for transportation. An important part of the system is the pressing mechanism that is activated in each form module selective and at the necessary time.

Finally, aseptic packaging is performed of the waste already treated in the aforementioned device, designed expressly to perform, in orderly, all functions cited. This facilitates the handling, collection and transportation of waste packages generated for final delivery to local or autonomous entities or recovery companies interested in the industrial value components of waste.

The identification with the final labeling of each of these packages facilitates the assessment, and even a hypothetical compensation, paid by these recycling companies to waste emitting producer - for its action of contributing to recycle - depending on the industrial value of the content of each one of the packages received.

Technical sector

The present invention falls within the sector technology technician to meet the needs currents of life and, more specifically, in the processes aimed at environmental protection. Sticking to the nature of the fundamental element on which the System is based, is included in the technical sector of the technology of home appliances.

State of the art

In the late sixties it was coined the expression of "waste civilization" when referring to the most industrialized societies, to indicate that they were beginning to be factories or waste generators. Today, the main countries of the OECD cause between 870 and 590 kilograms per capita and year; that is, between 2.4 and 1.6 kilos a day. According to the Institute National Statistics, each Spanish produced 565 kilograms of Garbage in 2001, about 1,550 grams a day.

A recently published study reveals that 44% of the waste we produce is organic matter; 21% paper and cardboard; 15% wood, metal containers and type " tetrabriks "; 10% batteries, rubber and various plastics; 7% glass and 3% textiles.

Current waste collection systems are performed under insufficient hygienic and health conditions due to the impossibility of totally controlling a deposit system used by all users and their storage in landfills municipal or communal public. Although it tends to a system that allow a strict application of the principle that "who pollutes pays "and although the Law 1011998 of Waste, of April 21, makes fall on the good itself, at the time of its placing on the market, the costs of proper management of waste generated by said good and its accessories, such as the packaging and packaging, is attributed, generically, to the entities of the local Administration, as a mandatory service, the collection, transport and disposal of urban waste and obliges to the municipalities of more than 5,000 inhabitants to establish systems of  selective collection

For the deposit of residual coughs there are currently in the municipalities, except for exceptions of type experimental with abundant limitations of the type that present invention proposes to solve two systems:

one)

Surface containers. Within this system are the container cubes that have 1as housing communities and commercial establishments and that must be placed on public roads for residents to deposit There your waste. They are of two types: one of yellow color where packaging waste should be deposited in closed bags (briks, metal cans, plastic containers) and other cans gray, where they should be deposited, in airtight bags and closed, organic waste (food waste and rest that does not go to the yellow cube). There is a schedule for it and its breach is considered administrative infraction and punishable by high fines.

There are also other surface containers located at different points of the public thoroughfare for the deposit of paper-cardboard and glass. So, the containers of blue color correspond to paper waste and cardboard packaging and those of the type "igloo" of green color correspond to the containers of glass.

2)

Ecological islets In this system, more modern than the previous one, the containers are buried in the public highway, being the mouth of blue color for the waste of paper-cardboard, green mouth for packaging glass, the yellow one for inert packaging waste (briks, canned metal cans, plastic containers) and mouth of orange for organic waste and residues of waste that do not go to the previous containers.

For the collection of special waste and Dangerous home-based municipalities have the so-called "clean spots" where citizens are can direct to deposit waste such as scrap, batteries, sprays, x-rays, engine oil, mattresses, debris, furniture, glass plates ...

In the current state of the art, the individual does not have any stimulus to make the selection and concretion of 1 waste before voluntarily giving up your property abandoning them, generally, on public roads. Only civility and the mentalization, through informative awareness campaigns, they encourage citizens to carry out the tasks that are currently entrusted. Garbage and other waste collection plans coming from updating domestic furniture and / or works of masonry in homes and industrial transformations -except those that are required to have their own reduction and elimination systems - are in the hands of city halls and depending on meager and changing budgets Municipal

European Union countries must recycle since spring 2004 half of the containers; a directive which should have entered into force in 2002. The regulations greatly harden the collection objectives of others or away from the possibility of recycling and valuation energetic

To achieve the objectives of reduction, selection, valuation, recycling and reuse as well as to promote less polluting technologies in the waste disposal, the aforementioned Law provides that establish economic instruments and measures of incentive that are taken into account in the development of this invention, without such measures being the basic objective of the same.

With current technology, applied to objectives of this invention, it is guaranteed to have all necessary, sufficient and adequate mechanisms to elaborate any of the mechanical, electrical and / or elements electronic that would intervene in the process.

The incentives provided by the Law would encourage to acquire, equip and put into service the device whose design is claim later.

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Explanation of the invention.

It is based on the principle that, currently, the waste collection is done at the end of the awareness of each citizen regarding the danger and harmful consequences of pollution and its respect for the environment.

To avoid this chaotic reality, and its negative consequences, it is about gradually establishing a System of selection, concentrate, packaging and addressing of waste, aided by the marking at the origin of the elements materials that integrate consumer products and / or their packaging and packaging, so that end consumers can easily identify, classify and reduce volume or size for easy transport, valuation and recycling, being able to make unnecessary or, at least, minimizing landfills of waste and pollutants and unpopular dumps.

With the System that we propose the separation of The waste is made with the information and prior and interested help from the manufacturer or producer of the originating item. He manufacturer or producer is generally who best knows the material that you choose to prepare the items you launch. The information you provide to the next user is great utility for this to recycle, facilitating with your data a ideal separation for subsequent handling and recycling.

The modular device, fundamental base tool that characterizes the System, allows each user to adapt their selection and treatment device to the variety and quantity of waste that usually generates, that is, adjust it and adapt to your needs.

The user, provided with the appropriate device Modular cited, introduced into it, by the appropriate mouth or embrasure, a certain type of waste previously identified. The marks, color coding or signs of any other type allow choose in each situation the opening appropriate to the type of waste to try.

The modular device, conveniently programmed and activated, tightly reduces and packages homogeneous waste introduced into it.

Likewise, and since the device provides a hermetic final package, the hygiene conditions in which act and deliver waste allow safer handling of the final lump, which significantly reduces the chances of contamination by contact with waste.

The massive implementation of this System would allow to increase, in the short or medium term, increase significantly the volume of recycled waste, which would minimize large landfills and incinerators, on the other hand expensive and pollutants

The System also allows the " in situ " disposal of special, dangerous or contaminated materials such as those generated in hospitals, or in agricultural or mining operations, for which the System, based on an electromechanical device, will allow modules specific. These modules are either designed for use with special packages that allow aseptic collection of materials from surgical interventions or slightly radioactive materials, or for the recovery of liquids such as oils and other residual liquids in the special packages of the modules enabled. for this, thus reducing pollutants in public collectors or drains.

For items that are difficult to pack because of their size in the standardized cartridges or containers, the system provides for the use of modules or auxiliary equipment as choppers or Additional crushers for individual or community use. Likewise, the recourse to companies specialized in preparation tasks previous allows the recycling of complex materials and equipment by its assembly, its morphology or its composition and, therefore, hard to pack directly: furniture, televisions, Refrigerators or other appliances.

Without being the objective of this System, with its employment an additional motivation is added to the user you select well, since, if adopted as a whole, the value of a Separated waste with good recyclability criteria allows get some benefit, a part of which I could reverse in the users that separate better, without relying solely on their level of awareness. The one who separates properly gets a compensation for your action; who returns mixed waste will be penalizes with a minor or no valuation for their packages with a more difficult or impossible content to recycle.

Objectives of the invention

-

Collaborate in a tangible and effective way with environmental protection measures.

-

Reduce or minimize landfills of garbage that pollutes and violates the environment and landscape in the vicinity of cities and towns.

-

Help to the user producing waste to get rid of them in a Clean, comfortable and economical way.

-

Decrease import needs of raw material, favoring the reuse of materials valuable contents in waste.

-

Eliminate, or at least reduce, in the public roads trash, paper and cardboard, glass or packaging and, with it, its unwanted overflows and dissemination by Urban public land and bad smells.

-

Contribute to eradication or decrease in insect and rodent pests as a result from the previous action.

-

Allow the waste producer, aware and responsible, recover a part of the price paid for consumer goods; the one corresponding to the value part economic that, as recovered raw material, have the products of waste.

-

Compensate, the producer aware, the collaborating consumer and all users of the System for their contribution in environmental protection measures. This objective does not affect the operation of the System, but may Contribute to provide greater performance.

Description of the drawings

A schematic of the front view of the device or Waste Reduction Device (4) that characterizes the System, and the representation of a section (A-B) thereof.

The home appliance or Reducing Device of Waste (4) represented, composed, by way of example, of eight receiver modules or elements numbered 4.1 to 4.8 and one Complementary (6), which have been chosen in accordance with the preferences or needs of the hypothetical user of the System. So, modules 4.1 / 4.2 would contain organic waste (3a); he 4.3 would contain paper / cardboard (3b); the 4.4 metal containers (3c); he 4.5 remnants of computer support materials CD diskettes (3e), 4.6 elastomers and plastic containers (3d); 4.7, medications expired (3f) and 4.8 would contain, finally, metallic elements and small scrap (3g).

It is also included in this part of Figure 1 the representation of a pretreatment module of the waste through an auxiliary module (6), in this case incorporated to the device and equipped with complementary functions to perform the preliminary treatment of waste: cut into pieces, crushed, ground, or pressed by mechanical crushing, of the waste to which the user has foreseen the need to give these previous treatments

In Figure 1 it is also schematized by way of example, a representation of section A-B of the Waste Reduction Apparatus. This cut allows to observe in the internal layout of the modules container-receivers (4.3 and 4.7), hatches opening and closing (4.11), the bars for pressing (4.12), the fluid intake ducts (4.10) intended for cleaning of liquids originating in successive squeezes, their filtering and evacuation system (4.13), and the guides to expel, to the collection tank (4.9), the final packages (5) closed and labeled (5a, 5b, 5c).

In Figure 2, at the top, it has reproduced, by way of example, the scheme of a Label of Identification for Recycling (1) with which suppliers or manufacturers mark the different consumer goods produced by they. On its right it is represented as the different degrees or product marking levels decrease (2) as the successive wraps (1a, 1b, 1c) that protect are removed the final product (1d) which facilitates its identification in the moment of selective disposal of waste.

In the lower part of Figure 2 an already closed waste package (5) and its labeling (5a, 5b, 5c) are schematized. The packages, resulting from mechanical pressing and sealing operations inside the Waste Reduction Apparatus, are labeled therein (5a, 5b, 5c) for later identification and evaluation, and will be evacuated through the bottom of the device ( 4.9), where they are collected by the user and deposited for storage and transport. The package is identified with a code for the type of waste and contents of the package (5c), another that contains data for the identification of the packager (5b) and another with the code for assigning zones for transport
(5th).

In the upper part of Figure 3, represents a detail of the classification elements and of admission (4), with opening and closing hatches, and markings of the entrance doors. These are identified, in addition to the same colors as the marking labels of each product, with numbers and / or other signals (Braille, etc.) that correspond to the labeling of each type of waste. So the waste of type 3a, for example, which would have a yellow label, would be introduced in the element (4.1 and / or 4.2) that bears its front part also marked or painted with the color yellow.

In the lower part of Figure 3, represents a perspective of an auxiliary module or receiver (7) Incorporable or not to the Waste Reduction Apparatus, equipped with complementary functions to perform a part of the treatment prior to requiring waste, by its characteristics, such as dimensions, composition of certain wastes and optimize their Packaging: cut into pieces, crushed, ground and pressed (7a / 7b) by mechanical crushing (7c) of a metallic residue (3c) in this case.

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Description of a preferred embodiment

Starting from the schematic representation in the upper part of Figure 2, described below a preferred way to carry out or implement the System object of this invention.

First, a guideline, instruction or rule (b) is established for the user of the Waste Recovery System, either end user or supplier of products that generate waste, to facilitate the identification of the materials used in each manufactured good. In the situation we describe, we assume that the products have identification elements by means of a label or label (1), in this case rectangular with rounded vertices and four colors (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d), with which the producer It provides the consumer, user of the Waste Reduction Apparatus, with the information that the article labeled (1) contains up to four possible types (a, b, c, d) of materials, of the type indicated by the label of each one, and susceptible of generating or becoming a resident
duo.

An end user of consumer products, extracts the product that you just acquired by finding that it has some external packaging to the consumer good. If it had applied the procedure or rule (b) in its labeling, the more external protection would be identified with a label of blue color corresponding to the paper or cardboard that constitutes it (1d), in addition to another of three colors; one for each of the elements, In the supposed case, they come inside. When presenting the label, in front of the blue module (4.6) of the Reducing Device Waste, will open the window or hatch that gives access to the inside the module which will allow the envelope to be inserted more external Once the paper is inserted, an acoustic signal will be heard and the module will close automatically. Inside it will have proceeded, previously, to the loading of the container and there will be after the corresponding pressing, turning off the indicators of any stage of activity when it ends.

This process will be repeated with each of the successive loads, in each of the respective modules, and in the moment in which one of them depletes its ability to package is carry out the closing action or maneuver, informing externally to the user, by means of the corresponding signaling, that the package is being closed and labeled subsequent for subsequent issuance.

For the load, and if the packaging did not have of the origin labeling for the identification of the type of matter with which it is manufactured, the described process can be done opening the module manually according to the information or instructions supplied with the Appliance.

Identification of source materials for This purpose constitutes one of the procedures of the System. In the he provides, as indicated in detail (2) of Figure 2, the use of a label that could also be circular and, for example, with four colors (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) intended for the producer provide the next user with the information that the article labeling (1) contains up to four types inside different (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) of waste or materials reusable

Thus, the waste generated, from a manufactured product, will come already marked -in origin- by the Last manufacturer, in accordance with identification standards, common throughout the System, following the color code in this case, or also with other types of codes, such as keys Numeric alphanumeric and / or Braille alphabet signs. Something analogous to what is currently done to indicate the date of Expiry, instructions for use, precautions with medications or maintenance manual.

You can also adopt the coding of colors currently used in ecological islands. In this underground container system in affordable spaces of the public roads, the color blue is for paper or cardboard waste, green for light glass containers, yellow for Packaging, the orange for organic waste. Red could assigned to vegetable oil, the violet to small scrap, the black on batteries ... and with binary combinations of colors can be extended the possibilities of identification in the selection of waste.

The consumer, as he gives off the protections, packaging, containers and other waste generated by the product in question and guided by the indications marked by the color code and / or numeric and / or Braille keys, depositing waste in the different elements assembled in the unit Main selection and reduction, the Reduction Apparatus Waste (4), an appliance type, modular and expandable that welcomes and reduces the waste deposited in it.

Waste materials, once correctly identified are introduced by the hatch or mouth of the collector corresponding to the type of waste. Without leaving the set Waste Reduction Apparatus, are compacted by a mechanism of reduction or concentrate. The System foresees the use of auxiliary elements, internal - if the dimensions of the waste they allow it- or external to the Waste Reduction Apparatus, to cut, crush, drain, wash, desiccate and even deodore ... before compacting. For this, small devices are used electromechanics conveniently modified and adapted to corresponding role within the System. So, choppers domestic or similar in size to those used in meat vending stalls in the markets, crushers similar to those used to destroy documents in offices, drainers by pressing and overflow or by simple filtering by gravity, devices similar to elementary washing machines, hot or cold air fans as needed when there is that desiccate certain wastes, can, with slight planned modifications, fit into the structure of the Apparatus Waste Reducer and have them intervene, at the appropriate stage and during the required time, to optimize the operation of the System.

They are then compressed with a device mechanic that provides successive pressing and that has been included in each of each of the elements (4.x) chosen by the user depending on your needs. This team acts every time the consumer throws perceptible matter in any of the embrasures 4.1 to 4.8, until reaching the maximum level indicated; is then when the lid of the container descends and the package is sealed.

Once the packaging capacity of each module, previous volumetric reduction of the materials housed in it, a sealed and protected package (5) is generated to avoid any type of contamination during its subsequent handling.

Each of these devices, the units modular, the Waste Reduction Apparatus (4), are what compress and prepare the waste (3) deposited in each type of element (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, ...) and perform the package sealing Airtight standard (5) labeled with three codes (5a, 5b, 5c) that will allow to recognize its content and origin, both users or manipulators such as warehouses or facilities specific to where they are transported for recycling.

The resulting apparatus or mechanism assembles and organizes the function of each element and constitutes the element fundamental of the System, being physically located in each installation producer of this waste: housing, office, workplace, warehouse, workshop or other centers.

Within the different types of modules, Special mention is made of those intended to collect liquids from waste, contaminants or not, and those reserved for materials radioactive The first will have glass or other containers Highly waterproof and tightly sealed material, and the intended to collect material with waste capable of emission nuclear will be conditioned with specific protections -for example, lead- for the time they must remain in the Waste owner installation: hospital or industry user of radioactive material.

Each generated package is labeled in turn, by means of a barcode (5a) and / or numeric (5b), with data of the Last consumer, the final generator of the waste. The kind of container and color code would allow (5c) to quickly know about what kind of material is treated so that the recipient, importer or ultimately responsible for the valuation and / or subsequent recycling may properly handle each package.

The System foresees the use of a procedure for easy identification of subjects, in the different levels that a package can contain, for example with packaging, box and padding, in order to optimize the classification and minimize The error rate. The information should appear both in the outermost wrap as in each of the following levels -box, case or drawer packing- filling material for protection and the main object of it. In general, and for the purpose Recycling, any content material or continent. He procedure includes alphanumeric and chromatic correlation between this information and the corresponding module of the team classification in the Waste Reduction Apparatus.

The System also includes a second procedure intended to facilitate the coded identification of classified waste and contained in each package for promote the correct use of the equipment by minimizing the number of errors. For this the generated packages will carry codes of content identification, material to recycle included and data relating to the issuer of the package. This data is included for increase the effectiveness of the System by allowing the evaluation of the content quality and the establishment of possible rejections or, conversely, incentives for user participation in The recycling system.

Once the package is delivered to the entity recipient, specialized in recycling, this would apply about coefficients or percentages of valuation according to the quantity and content quality, ease of obtaining material reusable and the nature of the waste itself, and the rates and standards  established by the Administration responsible for its regulation. It would issue the corresponding compensation to the sender of the package according to the periodicities that will also be adopted. This subscription would encourage the user to continue and persevere in the task of sending packages with a careful selection of your content.

The remuneration to the citizen generating waste, for this classification work, would compensate or would reduce the traditional municipal fees for the collection of garbage and would be paid by the receiver or waste manager, which can obtain an economic benefit by concentrating, recovering and collaborate in the reuse of valuable materials or obtain a grant for helping to eliminate them in the most profitable way and less polluting than today.

For those materials whose dimensions prevent its reduction in the Waste Reduction Device module standard - the one designed for use in a home - has been provided an auxiliary machinery or modules attachable to the principal, or its transfer to specific factories interested in the concentration and marketing of treated materials: sawmills, choppers, pressers.

Certain facilities-hospitals, residences, housing developments, farms, farms- may have industrial modules of capacities consistent with their production of waste and / or sealed collection containers, of more materials resistant, to ensure greater safety or tightness against the possibility of a breakage by accident and consequent pollution.

In newly constructed buildings, both of homes or urbanizations as in industrial factories, are enable specific deposits or dependencies to classify packages already labeled. These silos or temporary warehouses are would size according to the needs of each waste producer or from a community and would facilitate their transportation to the factories Recycling interested in them.

The specialized factories would replace the current dumps as final destination of waste. Would these farms would pay to the producers of the packages, incentives for their collaboration in the tasks of classification, reduction and identification of materials recyclable

Claims (6)

1. Waste Recovery System that It aims to facilitate the recycling of waste generated for the consumption of products and / or their containers and packaging, of such so that final consumers can comfortably identify, classify, compress and package them to facilitate handling, transport, valuation and recycling final. The Waste Recovery System claimed is characterized by:

to)

He Electromechanical apparatus or Waste Reduction Apparatus (4), type  appliance in the standard model, and of variable dimensions in industrial models, modular and expandable with elements additional, which includes technical devices for identify, sort, press, and package waste as well how to label the resulting packages (5), in addition to a certain number of containers for packaging airtight.

b)

He previous procedure of labeling at origin (1) and (2) -marking, indicate or label- consumer products (3), by the manufacturer or others, taking into account the different levels of packed, to facilitate the identification of the users waste and be able to classify them conveniently when introduced in the Waste Reduction Apparatus (4).

C)

He procedure or set of instructions or rules for the user of the Waste Reduction Apparatus comprising, from the form of identify the different types of waste that have been labeled according to the previous procedure (1) and (2), until the mode to remove the final sealed and labeled package - according to next procedure-, going through the way of depositing waste in the different containers of the Reducing Device Waste, activate the switches and / or program selectors, interpret the external signaling on the state or phase of operation in which the Reducing Device of Waste, load levels or the contents of the containers or consumable tanks: cleaning liquids, containers or labels

d)

He labeling procedure for waste packages (5), after to be treated in the Waste Reduction Apparatus (4), or any other type of identification or printing that allows to know the type of waste that contains the final package. This procedure, printing method or way of labeling, is what allows know, in addition to the contents of the final waste package, the person or entity that generated it and its possible destination.

and)

The System is also characterized by the ease of including modules for pretreatment of waste inserted (6) in the Waste Reduction Apparatus or as independent auxiliary devices (7), for cases where prior modification of dimensional, hygienic characteristics is required or others of the waste to be packaged.

2. Waste Recovery System, according to Claim 1, comprising a machine or household or industrial appliance, the Waste Reduction Apparatus (4), characterized by the following fundamental physical elements: a rigid frame or modular structure, with spaces and guides for attaching specific containers or containers, assembled or insertable (4.1, 4.2, ...) of light materials, intended to temporarily contain waste (3): organic matter, paper / cardboard, plastic containers, medicines, light metal elements, batteries, liquids ...; a device for filling, or uniform clogging, of containers and containers; a progressive pressing mechanism with automatic interruption when a certain predetermined resistance is found; accommodation for storage of empty containers and containers or materials for packaging; the mechanisms to hermetically close the packages and, finally, label them; an electronic operation programming device; shots of liquids and detergent substances for cleaning the watertight structure of the waste circuit; filters and drain for the evacuation of cleaning fluids; switches and lamps for signals indicating the operating status of the Waste Reduction Apparatus or the stage in which it is located. The standard elements (4.1, 4.2, ...) fit into the basic modular structure of the Reducing Device Waste (4), are recognized and identified by certain codes consistent with the labels (1) and (2) of the different types of products from which the waste they receive comes from. Everybody include a press or mechanism that provides successive presses to the waste included in each of them, until reaching the stop corresponding to the maximum level indicated. The Waste Reduction Apparatus contains, or may contain the devices that allow a previous treatment (6) of the waste: squeeze, desiccate, filter ... It is also characterized in that it provides for the use of internal auxiliary elements (6) -if the dimensions of the wastes allow- or independent of it (7) to cut, crush, drain, wash, desiccate and even deodorize ... before compacting. The Device also includes a storage device, housed in the modular structure, for a certain number of cartridges, designed for airtight packaging, and a unit for labeling the resulting package (5).

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3. Waste Recovery System, according to Claim 1, characterized by specific modules or devices, adapted to the needs of industrial factories and other entities, people or organizations that generate special waste, with the same functional characteristics as those of household appliances described in Claim 2 - although its dimensions, container materials and others could be different - but whose internal capacity and equipment -power required, mechanisms, water or steam flows, type of packaging ...- are adapted to the type of waste and the volume generated. 4. System for Waste Recovery, according to Claim 1, characterized in that this same structure is applicable for the recovery of liquids, radioactive materials and / or other hazardous materials. The collection, packaging and sealing of this waste will be done in specific modules that allow compliance with the regulations on handling and treatment thereof, equipped within the same operating set. The way to integrate these modules is claimed specific, for liquid recovery, for protection safety and sealing of radioactive material; the modules specific for collection, safety protection and sealing of other hazardous materials or that require characteristics Special for handling and treatment. And that both in home appliances as in industrial modules. 5. Waste Recovery System according to Claim 1 characterized by a previous procedure (1) and (2) of marking, marking or labeling consumer products (3), to facilitate the identification of the materials involved in its composition and be able to classify them, sequentially, before introducing them into the modular assembly mentioned in section a) that characterizes the System. 6. System for the Recovery of Waste according to Claim 1 characterized in that the final labeling procedure (5) of the waste packages is carried out in the Waste Reduction apparatus and consists of inserting or placing, in the outer envelope of the package, the labels that allow to identify the contents of the final waste package, the person or entity that generated it, its possible destination and other data referring to subsequent processes.