ES2282056A1 - Sludge utilization for heavy metal elimination in watery dissolution, involves sludge recycling, where sludge is generated during manufacture of pressed paper with dry content in organic form of thirty five point two percent cellulose fiber - Google Patents
Sludge utilization for heavy metal elimination in watery dissolution, involves sludge recycling, where sludge is generated during manufacture of pressed paper with dry content in organic form of thirty five point two percent cellulose fiber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2282056A1 ES2282056A1 ES200701507A ES200701507A ES2282056A1 ES 2282056 A1 ES2282056 A1 ES 2282056A1 ES 200701507 A ES200701507 A ES 200701507A ES 200701507 A ES200701507 A ES 200701507A ES 2282056 A1 ES2282056 A1 ES 2282056A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- thirty
- heavy metal
- generated during
- point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 101001047513 Mus musculus Lethal(2) giant larvae protein homolog 1 Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 H 3 PO 4 Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001479 atomic absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/18—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by thermal conditioning
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Utilización de lodos de destintado procedentes de la industria papelera para eliminación de metales pesados en disolución acuosa.Use of waste sludge from of the paper industry for heavy metal removal in aqueous solution
El sector de la técnica en el que se enmarca la presente invención es la ingeniería medioambiental. Más concretamente consiste en el desarrollo de técnicas de valorización del lodo de destintado producido en el proceso de fabricación de papel prensa procedente de papel reciclado, mediante su transformación en un adsorbente de carbono y la posterior utilización de este adsorbente en el tratamiento de aguas contaminadas por metales, concretamente Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb y Cr.The technical sector in which the Present invention is environmental engineering. Plus specifically it consists in the development of valorization techniques of the dewatering sludge produced in the manufacturing process of newsprint from recycled paper, through its transformation into a carbon adsorbent and subsequent use of this adsorbent in water treatment contaminated by metals, specifically Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cr.
El consumo de papel en España en el año 2005 ascendió a 7,2 millones de toneladas/año siendo el consumo per cápita de 170 kg. Además, en España existen más de 130 fábricas productoras de celulosa y papel con una facturación anual de 4.000 millones de euros. De hecho, se prevé que la industria papelera aumente su producción en más de 1 millón de toneladas en los próximos años lo que supondría un aumento del 19% sobre la producción actual. Esta situación puede provocar que la producción de residuos de la industria papelera aumente considerablemente. Por ello, es necesario buscar las mejores técnicas disponibles para minimizar la producción de residuos en este sector.Paper consumption in Spain in 2005 amounted to 7.2 million tons / year being the consumption per 170 kg capita. In addition, in Spain there are more than 130 factories pulp and paper producers with an annual turnover of 4,000 millions of euros. In fact, the paper industry is expected increase its production by more than 1 million tons in the next years which would mean an increase of 19% over the current production. This situation can cause the production of waste from the paper industry increases considerably. By it is necessary to look for the best available techniques to minimize waste production in this sector.
El primer objetivo de toda gestión de residuos es la minimización de los mismos. En segundo lugar se debe fomentar el reciclaje y reutilización de los residuos. Sin embargo, en aquellos casos en los que esto último no es posible se deben diseñar nuevos procesos de valorización de los residuos. En este sentido, los métodos termoquímicos (combustión, gasificación o pirólisis) son aplicables cuando se trata de valorizar o tratar residuos con un alto contenido en materia orgánica, como es el caso del lodo de destintado procedente del reciclado de papel.The first objective of all waste management It is the minimization of them. Secondly it should be encouraged Recycling and reuse of waste. However, in those cases in which the latter is not possible should be designed New processes for the recovery of waste. In this sense, thermochemical methods (combustion, gasification or pyrolysis) they are applicable when it comes to valorising or treating waste with a high organic matter content, as is the case with the sludge of destined from paper recycling.
La pirólisis de residuos consiste en el tratamiento térmico de los mismos en atmósfera inerte, a temperaturas comprendidas entre los 300-700ºC. Durante este tratamiento se generan tres fracciones: sólida, líquida y gaseosa. Las fracciones líquida y gaseosa podrían usarse como combustibles debido a su alto poder calorífico. En cuanto a la fracción sólida, en los últimos años se está estudiando su utilización como carbón activo de bajo precio.Waste pyrolysis consists of heat treatment thereof in an inert atmosphere, to temperatures between 300-700 ° C. During this treatment three fractions are generated: solid, Liquid and gaseous. The liquid and gas fractions could be used as fuels due to its high calorific value. Refering to solid fraction, in recent years its use as low price active carbon.
Los carbones activos son materiales carbonosos con una elevada porosidad y alta superficie específica que es la responsable de su gran capacidad de adsorción. Esta capacidad de adsorción también está influenciada por la presencia de grupos funcionales (carbonilos, cetonas, lactonas, fenoles, éteres, etc.) en la superficie del carbón. Prácticamente, cualquier sustancia con un alto contenido en carbono puede ser una fuente potencial de carbón activo. Aproximadamente el 35% del carbón activo se obtiene a partir del carbón mineral y otro 35% de las maderas en general.Active carbons are carbonaceous materials with a high porosity and high specific surface area that is the responsible for its high adsorption capacity. This ability to adsorption is also influenced by the presence of groups functional (carbonyls, ketones, lactones, phenols, ethers, etc.) on the surface of the coal. Virtually any substance with a high carbon content can be a potential source of active carbon Approximately 35% of active carbon is obtained at from mineral coal and another 35% of wood in general.
Tradicionalmente, los carbones activos comerciales se han utilizado para la eliminación de compuestos orgánicos en medios acuosos y gaseosos. Sin embargo, su alto precio limita sus interesantes aplicaciones. La preparación de carbones activos a partir de residuos, si bien genera materiales con menor capacidad adsorbente, se presenta como una interesante alternativa ya que supone la valorización de un residuo y su posible utilización en las propias instalaciones generadoras del residuo.Traditionally, active coals commercials have been used for the removal of compounds organic in aqueous and gaseous media. However, its high price Limit your interesting applications. The preparation of coals assets from waste, although it generates materials with less adsorbent capacity, is presented as an interesting alternative since it involves the recovery of a waste and its possible use in the waste generating facilities themselves.
La preparación del carbón activo depende del material de partida pero en general se distinguen las siguientes fases:The preparation of active carbon depends on the starting material but in general the following are distinguished phases:
- \bullet?
- Molienda del material de partida para la selección del tamaño de grano adecuado.Grinding of the starting material for the selection of the appropriate grain size.
- \bullet?
- Pirólisis.Pyrolysis
- \bullet?
- Activación física o química con el fin de aumentar la superficie específica del material carbonoso. El término "activación física" se emplea cuando la activación se lleva a cabo con compuestos gaseosos (CO_{2}, vapor de agua, aire). Por otro lado, la "activación química" consiste en el tratamiento previo del precursor con compuestos químicos como H_{3}PO_{4}, H_{2}SO_{4} o ZnCl_{2}.Physical or chemical activation with in order to increase the specific surface of the carbonaceous material. The term "physical activation" is used when activation it is carried out with gaseous compounds (CO2, water vapor, air). On the other hand, "chemical activation" consists of precursor pretreatment with chemical compounds such as H 3 PO 4, H 2 SO 4 or ZnCl 2.
Uno de los principales problemas medioambientales de la actualidad es la presencia de metales en el medio. A diferencia de los compuestos orgánicos, los metales no pueden destruirse por lo que se convierten en residuos persistentes en el ambiente. Por otro lado, su fácil lixiviación en medios acuosos ácidos dificulta su depósito y permite su movilización. Actividades industriales como la metalurgia, la minería, la fabricación de colorantes, pigmentos, pasta de papel o fertilizantes, la combustión de carbón o las refinerías de petróleo producen diariamente importantes cantidades de metales y compuestos metálicos que son vertidos directa o indirectamente al agua. Estas aguas contaminadas suponen una peligrosa amenaza para el hombre. Según el Registro Estatal de Emisiones y Fuentes Contaminantes, en el año 2004 se vertieron directamente al agua 2,15 t de Cu, 4,07 t de Ni directas y 3,44 t indirectas o 22 t directas de Zn.One of the main problems Today's environmental is the presence of metals in the means, medium. Unlike organic compounds, metals do not they can be destroyed so they become persistent waste in the environment. On the other hand, its easy leaching in media Aqueous acids makes it difficult to deposit and allows their mobilization. Industrial activities such as metallurgy, mining, manufacture of dyes, pigments, paper pulp or fertilizers, coal combustion or oil refineries produce significant amounts of metals and compounds daily metallic that are dumped directly or indirectly into water. These Polluted waters pose a dangerous threat to man. According to the State Register of Emissions and Pollutant Sources, in In 2004, 2.15 t of Cu, 4.07 t were poured directly into the water of Ni direct and 3.44 t indirect or 22 t direct of Zn.
Las tecnologías para el tratamiento de estas aguas contaminadas con metales se basan fundamentalmente en tratamientos físicoquímicos de neutralización, precipitación, decantación, flotación, intercambio fónico, filtración, etc. Dichos tratamientos suelen ser costosos y poco eficientes, ya que, frecuentemente, dan lugar a peligrosos subproductos o residuos también contaminantes que deben ser llevados al vertedero. En los últimos años, diversos estudios se centran en la eliminación de metales por procesos de adsorción en carbones activos comerciales, que presentan la desventaja de ser muy caros o bien adsorbentes de carbono obtenidos a partir de residuos tras un proceso de pirólisis y activación física o química.The technologies for the treatment of these waters contaminated with metals are based primarily on physicochemical treatments of neutralization, precipitation, decantation, flotation, phonic exchange, filtration, etc. Sayings treatments are usually expensive and inefficient, since, frequently, they give rise to dangerous by-products or waste also pollutants that must be taken to the landfill. In the In recent years, various studies focus on the elimination of metals by adsorption processes in commercial active carbons, that have the disadvantage of being very expensive or adsorbents of carbon obtained from waste after a pyrolysis process and physical or chemical activation.
La presente invención supone un importante avance ya que permite la eliminación de metales de aguas contaminadas mediante adsorbentes de carbono preparados a partir de lodos de destintado tras un simple proceso de pirólisis a 650ºC durante 2 horas. Al no realizarse un proceso de activación posterior a la pirólisis se reduce el coste del proceso de preparación si bien, la superficie específica del material preparado no es muy alta. Sin embargo, los resultados obtenidos muestran porcentajes de eliminación de metales elevados, superiores al 65% en peso en muchos casos, por lo que estos adsorbentes de carbono se podrían utilizar en la propia industria papelera o bien en otras industrias que aguas residuales con un alto contenido metálico.The present invention is an important advance because it allows the removal of water metals contaminated by carbon adsorbents prepared from sludge after a simple pyrolysis process at 650ºC for 2 hours When an activation process is not performed post-pyrolysis reduces the cost of the process of preparation although the specific surface of the prepared material She's not really tall. However, the results obtained show high metal removal rates, greater than 65% by weight in many cases, so these carbon adsorbents are they could use in the paper industry itself or in others industries that wastewater with a high metal content.
La caracterización físico-química del lodo de destintado producido en el proceso de fabricación de papel prensa procedente de papel reciclado muestra que se trata de un residuo con un contenido en materia orgánica superior al 35.2%, en su mayor parte fibras de celulosa (material vegetal altamente poroso) con un tamaño de fibra homogénea. El lodo de destintado considerado en la presente invención posee también compuestos orgánicos utilizados en los procesos de producción del papel reciclado (H_{3}PO_{4}, H_{2}O_{2}, policloruro de aluminio, poliacrilamida aniónica, urea, etc.). En el lodo también se concentran metales pesados (como Ni, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, As, etc.), aunque su concentración es tan baja que está autorizada su utilización como enmienda orgánica de suelos.Characterization physicochemical of the dewatering sludge produced in the process of manufacturing press paper from paper recycled shows that it is a residue with a content of organic matter greater than 35.2%, mostly fibers of cellulose (highly porous plant material) with a fiber size homogeneous The dewatering sludge considered herein The invention also has organic compounds used in production processes of recycled paper (H 3 PO 4), H 2 O 2, aluminum polychloride, anionic polyacrylamide, urea, etc.) Heavy metals are also concentrated in the mud (such as Ni, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, As, etc.), although its concentration is so low that its use is authorized as an organic amendment of floors.
El objetivo principal es la eliminación de metales (Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb y Cr) en disolución acuosa mediante un adsorbente de carbono caracterizado porque el adsorbente está preparado a partir de un lodo de destintado procedente de la industria papelera.The main objective is the elimination of metals (Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cr) in aqueous solution by means of a carbon adsorbent characterized in that the adsorbent is prepared from a dewatering sludge from the paper industry.
Para ello se sigue el siguiente procedimiento:For this the following is followed process:
- \bullet?
- Tratamiento térmico del lodo de destintado, a una temperatura comprendida entre 500 y 650ºC y durante un período comprendido entre 1,5 y 2,5 horas, para obtener el adsorbente de carbono, un material con un contenido en carbono no inferior a 25,5% en peso, pH básico (entre 10 y 11), superficie BET (parámetro indicativo de la superficie específica del material) superior a 125 m^{2}/g y una capacidad de intercambio catiónico superior a 11 cmol (+)/kg.Heat treatment of mud destined, at a temperature between 500 and 650ºC and for a period between 1.5 and 2.5 hours, to obtain the carbon adsorbent, a material with a carbon content not less than 25.5% by weight, basic pH (between 10 and 11), surface BET (parameter indicative of the specific surface of the material) greater than 125 m2 / g and a cation exchange capacity greater than 11 cmol (+) / kg.
- \bullet?
- Mezcla del adsorbente de carbono con la disolución acuosa de pH comprendido entre 3 y 5 con una concentración de metales (Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb o Cr) comprendida entre 10 y 200 mgL^{-1}.Carbon Adsorbent Blend with the aqueous pH solution between 3 and 5 with a metal concentration (Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb or Cr) between 10 and 200 mgL -1.
- \bullet?
- Filtración de la mezcla para separar el adsorbente de carbono de la disolución.Filtration of the mixture for separate the carbon adsorbent from the solution.
El rendimiento del proceso de pirólisis es del 57.9% en peso.The performance of the pyrolysis process is 57.9% by weight.
Para comprobar la posible utilización del material así preparado en la depuración de aguas se estudia la eliminación de Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb y Cr en disolución acuosa. Los experimentos se realizan a pH ácidos (pH=3 y pH=5) para evitar la precipitación del metal.To check the possible use of the material thus prepared in water purification studies the removal of Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cr in aqueous solution. The experiments are performed at acidic pH (pH = 3 and pH = 5) to avoid metal precipitation
La tabla siguiente muestra los porcentajes de eliminación obtenidos para los distintos metales. Los resultados muestran cómo el adsorbente preparado es eficaz para eliminar metales pesados como Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb y Cr de aguas contaminadas en distintas concentraciones, obteniéndose los mejores resultados para pH 5. De hecho, para el Cr se obtienen porcentajes de eliminación del 100% para casi todas las concentraciones ensayadas.The following table shows the percentages of elimination obtained for the different metals. The results show how the prepared adsorbent is effective in eliminating heavy metals such as Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cr of contaminated water in different concentrations, obtaining the best results for pH 5. In fact, for Cr, percentages of 100% removal for almost all concentrations rehearsed
El lodo se deseca a temperatura ambiente hasta eliminar la mayor parte del agua que contiene debido a su proceso de obtención. Se obtiene así un material con un contenido en humedad del 2,8% en peso.The sludge is dried at room temperature until eliminate most of the water it contains due to its process of obtaining. A material with a content in humidity of 2.8% by weight.
Una vez seco, el lodo se muele y tamiza hasta conseguir un tamaño de partícula inferior a 2 mm de diámetro. Para el tratamiento térmico se seleccionan 100 g de muestra que se introducen en un reactor cilíndrico de 2 L de volumen. Dicho reactor se cierra y se hace pasar un flujo de N_{2} de 10 mLmin^{-1} con el fin de conseguir una atmósfera inerte en su interior. Posteriormente, se somete a un tratamiento térmico con una velocidad de calentamiento de 3ºCmin^{-1} hasta alcanzar los 650ºC. Dicha temperatura se mantiene durante 2 horas.Once dry, the mud is milled and sieved until achieve a particle size of less than 2 mm in diameter. For the heat treatment is selected 100 g of sample that introduced into a cylindrical reactor of 2 L volume. Said reactor it is closed and a flow of N 2 of 10 mLmin -1 is passed in order to achieve an inert atmosphere inside. Subsequently, it undergoes a heat treatment with a speed heating of 3ºCmin -1 to reach 650ºC. Bliss temperature is maintained for 2 hours.
Los experimentos de eliminación de metales (Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb y Cr en disolución acuosa) se realizan del siguiente modo. En primer lugar se preparan distintas disoluciones de cada metal con concentraciones metálicas de 10, 25, 50, 100, 150 y 200 mg L^{-1}. Los experimentos se realizan a dos pH ácidos distintos (3 y 5). En cada experimento se mezclan 20 mL de disolución con 50 mg de adsorbente en un matraz erlenmeyer. Posteriormente, la mezcla se agita a 500 rpm, a temperatura ambiente, durante un tiempo de 2 horas y a continuación se filtra. El contenido metálico de la disolución se mide por espectrometría de absorción atómica.The metal removal experiments (Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cr in aqueous solution) are performed as follows mode. First, different solutions are prepared for each metal with metal concentrations of 10, 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg L -1. The experiments are carried out at two different acidic pHs (3 and 5). In each experiment 20 mL of solution is mixed with 50 mg of adsorbent in an erlenmeyer flask. Subsequently, the mixture is stir at 500 rpm, at room temperature, for a time of 2 hours and then filtered. The metallic content of the Dissolution is measured by atomic absorption spectrometry.
Claims (2)
- \bullet?
- Tratamiento térmico del lodo de destintado, a una temperatura comprendida entre 500 y 650ºC y durante un período comprendido entre 1,5 y 2,5 horas, para obtener el adsorbente de carbono, un material con un contenido en carbono no inferior a 25,5% en peso, pH básico (entre 10 y 11), superficie BET (parámetro indicativo de la superficie específica del material) superior a 125 m^{2}/g y una capacidad de intercambio catiónico superior a 11 cmol (+)/kg.Heat treatment of mud destined, at a temperature between 500 and 650ºC and for a period between 1.5 and 2.5 hours, to obtain the carbon adsorbent, a material with a carbon content not less than 25.5% by weight, basic pH (between 10 and 11), surface BET (parameter indicative of the specific surface of the material) greater than 125 m2 / g and a cation exchange capacity greater than 11 cmol (+) / kg.
- \bullet?
- Mezcla del adsorbente de carbono con la disolución acuosa de pH comprendido entre 3 y 5 con una concentración de metales (Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb o Cr) comprendida entre 10 y 200 mgL^{-1}.Carbon Adsorbent Blend with the aqueous pH solution between 3 and 5 with a metal concentration (Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb or Cr) between 10 and 200 mgL -1.
- \bullet?
- Filtración de la mezcla para separar el adsorbente de carbono de la disolución.Filtration of the mixture for separate the carbon adsorbent from the solution.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200701507A ES2282056B2 (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2007-06-01 | USE OF DESTINATION MUDS FROM THE PAPER INDUSTRY FOR THE ELIMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN WATERPROOF DISSOLUTION. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200701507A ES2282056B2 (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2007-06-01 | USE OF DESTINATION MUDS FROM THE PAPER INDUSTRY FOR THE ELIMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN WATERPROOF DISSOLUTION. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2282056A1 true ES2282056A1 (en) | 2007-10-01 |
| ES2282056B2 ES2282056B2 (en) | 2008-06-16 |
Family
ID=38512292
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200701507A Active ES2282056B2 (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2007-06-01 | USE OF DESTINATION MUDS FROM THE PAPER INDUSTRY FOR THE ELIMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN WATERPROOF DISSOLUTION. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2282056B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2338981A1 (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2010-05-13 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Absorbent-adsorbent bifunctional material obtained from paper destination sludge, process of obtaining and use. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2420082B1 (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2014-03-27 | Desarrollo Y Operaciones De Valorización, S.L. | Solid fuel in the form of pellets, pellets or briquettes, made from dewatering sludge from paper recycling, with the addition of hydrocarbons |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5846378A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1998-12-08 | Ecc International Ltd. | Treatment of solid containing material derived from effluent of wastepaper treating plant |
| US6830615B2 (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2004-12-14 | Imerys Pigments, Inc. | High surface area incineration product |
| ES2238169A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-08-16 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Soil conditioning material obtained from papermaking bleaching sludge consists of fertilizing and cementing agents incorporated in a product protected against anaerobic fermentation |
-
2007
- 2007-06-01 ES ES200701507A patent/ES2282056B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5846378A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1998-12-08 | Ecc International Ltd. | Treatment of solid containing material derived from effluent of wastepaper treating plant |
| US6830615B2 (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2004-12-14 | Imerys Pigments, Inc. | High surface area incineration product |
| ES2238169A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-08-16 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Soil conditioning material obtained from papermaking bleaching sludge consists of fertilizing and cementing agents incorporated in a product protected against anaerobic fermentation |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2338981A1 (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2010-05-13 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Absorbent-adsorbent bifunctional material obtained from paper destination sludge, process of obtaining and use. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2282056B2 (en) | 2008-06-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Habeeb et al. | Hydrogen sulfide emission sources, regulations, and removal techniques: a review | |
| Zubair et al. | Adsorption behavior and mechanism of methylene blue, crystal violet, eriochrome black T, and methyl orange dyes onto biochar-derived date palm fronds waste produced at different pyrolysis conditions | |
| Zhang et al. | Multiscale visualization of the structural and characteristic changes of sewage sludge biochar oriented towards potential agronomic and environmental implication | |
| Ali | The quest for active carbon adsorbent substitutes: inexpensive adsorbents for toxic metal ions removal from wastewater | |
| De Filippis et al. | Production and characterization of adsorbent materials from sewage sludge by pyrolysis | |
| Patel | Environmental valorisation of bagasse fly ash: a review | |
| Pap et al. | Enhanced phosphate removal and potential recovery from wastewater by thermo-chemically calcinated shell adsorbents | |
| Graba et al. | Influence of adsorption parameters of basic red dye 46 by the rough and treated Algerian natural phosphates | |
| Matheri et al. | Influence of pyrolyzed sludge use as an adsorbent in removal of selected trace metals from wastewater treatment | |
| Cao et al. | Novel post-treatment of ultrasound assisting with acid washing enhance lignin-based biochar for CO2 capture: adsorption performance and mechanism | |
| Liu et al. | Adsorption characteristics and removal mechanism of malathion in water by high and low temperature calcium–modified water hyacinth–based biochar | |
| Tian et al. | Effects of added salts on sewage sludge char characteristics and heavy metal behaviors | |
| Januševičius et al. | The characteristics of sewage sludge pellet biochar prepared using two different pyrolysis methods | |
| Meng et al. | Synthesis of a novel catalyst based on Fe (II)/Fe (III) oxide and high alumina coal fly ash for the degradation of o-methyl phenol | |
| Wang et al. | Novel recycling of phosphorus-recovered incinerated sewage sludge ash residues by co-pyrolysis with lignin for reductive/sorptive removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions | |
| Fuadi et al. | Review study for activated carbon from palm shell used for treatment of waste water | |
| Zuhara et al. | A review of prospects and current scenarios of biomass co-pyrolysis for water treatment | |
| Van Truong et al. | Study of biochar impregnated with Al recovered from water sludge for phosphate adsorption/desorption | |
| Sierra et al. | Production of magnetic sewage sludge biochar: investigation of the activation mechanism and effect of the activating agent and temperature | |
| Li | Charaterization of pore structure and surface chemistry of activated carbons–a review | |
| Mathabatha et al. | Peanut shell-derived biochar as a low-cost adsorbent to extract cadmium, chromium, lead, copper, and zinc (heavy metals) from wastewater: circular economy approach | |
| Wang et al. | Wastewater post-coagulation sludge recycled as a multifunctional adsorbent via pyrolysis enhanced in carbon dioxide (CO2) | |
| ES2282056B2 (en) | USE OF DESTINATION MUDS FROM THE PAPER INDUSTRY FOR THE ELIMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN WATERPROOF DISSOLUTION. | |
| Gąsior et al. | Biochar application in the mercury ions adsorption from aqueous solutions | |
| Tan et al. | Sustainable management of campus fallen leaves through low-temperature pyrolysis and application in Pb immobilization |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EC2A | Search report published |
Date of ref document: 20071001 Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| FG2A | Definitive protection |
Ref document number: 2282056B2 Country of ref document: ES |