ES2279729B1 - NEW ANIONIC TENSIOACTIVE AND OBTAINING PROCEDURE. - Google Patents

Abstract

New anionic surfactant and obtaining procedure. It comprises the use of solid linear alkylbenzene magnesium sulphonate (LAS magnesium) as an anionic surfactant in solid detergent formulations of very low hygroscopicity.

Description

New anionic surfactant and process of obtaining.

Technical sector

Production of surfactants intended for manufacture of commercial detergents.

State of the art prior to the filing date

Granules or powders with high content of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate or any other sulfonate, they are very hygroscopic and drink water quickly at high humidity relative, resulting in soft powders that form lumps and that are therefore very difficult to handle. Not have found in the literature consulted studies that address this trouble.

Explanation of the invention.

Sulfonates are anionic surfactants that They consist of a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic part. In the case of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS), the hydrophobic part corresponds to linear alkylbenzene (LAB) and hydrophilic to the group SO_ {3}. Finally the counterion, that is, the cation used to neutralize sulfonic acid, complete the molecule of THE.

This invention is part of a broad research where the influence of factors such as they are the type of LAB used and the type of counterion on the hygroscopicity of the powders.

As a fundamental conclusion of the study has been that the determining factor in the hygroscopicity of sulfonates is the counterion, its description will be described below influence and experimental results.

The invention has consisted of:

to)

In the selection of the appropriate inorganic salt, in this case the carbonate magnesium, for the neutralization of sulfonic acid of linear alkylbenzene, among other possible, such as the sodium carbonate, potassium, as well as magnesium oxide, with object of obtaining sulfonates in the form of high powders active ingredient.

b)

In the definition of the procedures to obtain said sulphonate magnesium with high active ingredient (near values or greater than 80%). That is in the way of carrying out the neutralization.

Embodiment of the invention 1.- Procedure for obtaining LAS powder magnesium

In the traditional method, an amount is added determined from linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid (HLAS), amount that depends on the acid you want to neutralize, to another amount of magnesium carbonate in a blender. The end point of neutralization is detected just before the powder formed Acquire a soft texture to the touch and sight.

One of the fundamental contributions of this invention is that the prior addition of a certain amount of sulfonic acid water (1 to 10% by weight) increases dramatically LAS content in the final powder from 45% to 80%.

Another feature of this invention, is that a new neutralization procedure is proposed in laboratory that involves starting neutralization with half of the amount of magnesium carbonate in the blender, so that sulfonic acid is added, until the appearance of small lumps, at which time another small amount of carbonate is added magnesium until the lumps disappear and the process is repeated adding sulfonic acid and so on until there is no more magnesium carbonate and the sample does not admit more sulfonic.

For example to neutralize 8.4 grams of magnesium carbonate, that is, one mole, would start with 4 grams in blender.

By this procedure it is possible to increase the amount of linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid neutralized in 85% with respect to the traditional method exposed.

2.- Measurement of the hygroscopicity of LAS granules magnesium

They are arranged in plastic containers of 5 liters approximately 500 g of different saturated solutions of the inorganic salts listed in Table 1. Thus, they get the different relative humidity if the containers They remain properly closed.

Enter an amount of 2 to 3 grams of magnesium sulphonate in a crystallization dish, in each of the mentioned containers and leave these at temperature environment for 15 days.

The amount of water absorbed by the sulphonate magnesium is determined by weighing within fifteen days of be in different environments of relative humidity. In the figure 1 the results obtained are compared with three salts different.

TABLE 1 Relative Humidity (RH)

one

Claims (5)

1. New anionic surfactant and method of production, characterized by the use of solid linear alkylbenzene magnesium sulphonate (LAS magnesium). 2. New anionic surfactant and method of obtaining, according to claim 1, characterized by the neutralization process with magnesium carbonate of linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, whereby the amount of neutralized sulfonic acid is increased by 85% with respect to the method existing traditional. 3. New anionic surfactant and method of obtaining, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the previous addition of a certain amount of water (1% to 10% by weight) to the sulfonic acid, in order to increase the LAS content in the final powder from 45% to 85%. 4. New detergent formulation and method of production, according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the neutralization process consists in starting the neutralization with half the amount of magnesium carbonate in the blender, so that sulfonic acid is added, until the appearance of small lumps, at which time another small amount of magnesium carbonate is added until the lumps disappear and the process is repeated adding sulfonic acid and so on until there is no more magnesium carbonate and the sample does not admit more sulfonic. 5. Use of magnesium alkylbenzene sulphonate Linear (LAS magnesium) solid as an anionic surfactant in Solid detergent formulations of very low hygroscopicity.